MEMBER MEETING

THURSDAY, JULY 18TH, 2013

Ammunition: Uses, Options, Specifications

Meeting Agenda

Club Business

Announcements

Political Hysteria

Education Update

Gun Shows

Club Activities

Program

Concealed Carry Video

Ammunition: Uses, Options,

& Specifications

For the Ladies: Purse Holsters

50/50 & Raffle

Next Meeting

Announcements

Any interest in hunting (small game,

varmints, deer, etc.). See Tom

Cobianchi.

Political Hysteria

• Missouri to teach NRA Gun Safety Course in

schools

• Illinois passes concealed carry law!!

• State law preempts local laws

• Survey shows law enforcement against gun

control by 91%

• Obama awarded 2 Pinocchios by Washington

Post for 40% no background check statement

Education Update

Home

Firearm

Safety

Personal

Protection in

the Home

Basic Pistol Class

Monday, August 12th, Sea Breeze, 6

Wednesday, Sept. 11th, R/D Tactical, 16

Monday, Oct. 14th, R/D Tactical, 16

Wednesday, Nov. 13th, R/D Tactical, 16

Monday, Dec. 9th, R/D Tactical, 16

Local Gun Shows

August 3-4 Ocala, Ocala National

Guard Armory

Sept 14-15 Leesburg, Leesburg

National Guard Armory

Help Wanted

Villages

Preppers

Activities Committee

Assist with shooting event logistics

Help with other events as needed

Design email notices & content

Club Activities

Shooter-of-

the-Month

Wednesday Seminar – July 17th

Handgun Care & Maintenance

Future Seminars Planned

3rd Wednesday each month

Ocala Forest Shoot

Tuesday, July 23rd – Mulberry @ 8:15am

Concealed Carry Video

How to

handle an

encounter

with law

enforcement

Uses, Options, & Specifications

Ammunition

Ammunition

Cartridge Components Types of Cartridges Firing Sequence Primers & Primer Chemistry Bullet Shapes & Uses Cartridge Nomenclature Calibers +P & +P+ Selecting the right cartridge

Bullet Weight

Ballistic Coefficient

Muzzle Velocity

Kinetic (Muzzle) Energy

Basics Specifications

Cartridge Malfunctions

Misfire

Hangfire

Squib Load

Cartridge Components

BULLET

CASE

POWDER

CHARGE

PRIMER (CONTAINS

PRIMING COMPOUND)

Types of Cartridges

RIMFIRE CARTRIDGE

Priming compound is contained in the inside of the rim of the case head

CENTERFIRE CARTRIDGE

Priming compound is contained in a metal cup, called a primer, in the center of the case head

Firing Sequence

CARTRIDGE IN CHAMBER

FIRING PIN STRIKES PRIMER OR CASE RIM AND IGNITES THE PRIMING COMPOUND

FLAME GENERATED BY PRIMING COMPOUND IGNITES POWDER CHARGE

POWDER BURNS RAPIDLY, GENERATING A VOLUME OF HOT, HIGH-PRESSURE GAS

GAS PUSHES BULLET THROUGH BORE AT HIGH SPEED

BULLET EXITS MUZZLE, HOT GAS MAKES “BANG”

Centerfire Primers

Firing Pin Firing Pin Firing Pin

Centerfire Primers

American inventor, Hiram Berdan

Patented on March 20, 1866

Double Vent

Anvil formed from case

Case difficult to mfgr

Cases difficult to reload

English inventor, Edward Boxer

Patented on June 29, 1869

Single Vent

Anvil part of primer

Primer more difficult to mfgr

Case easier to mfgr & reload

Berdan Boxer

Primer Chemistry

Mercury Fulminate (1898)

Mercury fouling

Potassium Chlorate &

Lead Thiocyanate

Left Potassium Chloride Salt

residue causing rusting.

Developed in 1920

Mil Spec: PA-101 – Picatinny Ars.

Lead Styphnate, Barium Nitrate, Antimony Trisulfide, Alum, +

Developed late 1990s

Lead-free Primers

Now equal in performance

Lower toxicity, less residue

Old Corrosive Primers New Non-Corrosive Primers

Bullet Shapes

• Wadcutter

• Lead Round Nose (Ball)

• Semi-Wadcutter

• Jacketed Soft Nose

• Semi-Jacketed Hollow Point

• Full Metal Jacket (FMJ)

• Jacketed Truncated Cone

• Jacketed Hollow Point (JHP)

L to R

Bullet Designs

Bullet Types,

NOT Loaded

Ammunition

BBWC – Bevel Base Wadcutter HP – Hollow Point Sil - Sillouette

BT – Boattail I – Interlock Bullet SJ – Short Jacket

C/T – Combat Target JFP – Jacketed Flat Point SP – Spire Point

CC – Crimp Lock JHP – Jacketed Hollow Point SST – Super Shock Tipped

DEWC – Double End Wadcutter JSN – Jacketed Soft Nose SWC – Semi-Wadcutter

ENC – Encapsulated L – Swaged Lead Bullet UHC – Ultra-High Coefficient

FMJ – Full Metal Jacket LM – Light Magnum VX – Varment Express

FP – Flat Point LRN – Lead Round Nose XTP – Extreme Terminal Perf.

HBWC – Hollow Base Wdcutter Moly – Moly Coated +P – High Pressure

HM – Heavy Magnum RN – Round Nose +P+ - Higher Pressure

Calibers

Most Common .22 LR .357 Mag .38 Special .380 Auto .40 S&W .44 Mag .45 ACP 9mm Luger

79

15 208

Calibers

Centerfire Pistol

Rimfire Pistol

Rifle

+P or +P+ Ammunition

“+P” Or “+P+” Indicates it is Loaded to Higher-than-standard Pressure Levels.

This Higher-pressure Ammunition Must be Used Only in Those Guns Certified for it, as Shown on the Barrel, Slide or Frame.

+P And +P+ Cartridges Have the Same Dimensions as

Standard Cartridges, and Can be Chambered in Guns

NOT Certified for Higher-pressure Ammunition.

Verify the Correct Cartridge

Proper Cartridge Identification Is Necessary To Ensure The Correct Ammunition Is Loaded Into The Pistol.

The Cartridge Designation Is:

• Marked on the Pistol

• Stamped on the Head of the Cartridge Case (Headstamp)

• Printed on the Factory Ammunition Box

Some Cartridges Have More Than One

Designation, Such As 9 Mm Para/9 Mm

Luger/ 9x19 Mm, And 45 Auto/45 Acp.

Cartridge Specifications

.22 = 36 - 40

.38sp = 130-150

9mm = 115 -124

.357 = 80 - 180

.40 = 140 - 180

.45 = 100 - 230

Bullet Weight

Stated in Grains (not Grams)

1 gram = 15.432 grains

1 grain = 1/7000 Pound

A significant factor in BCb & Ek

Cartridge Specifications

SD = Sectional

Density

M = Mass

i = Form Factor

(Cb/Cg)

d = Diameter

Ballistic Coefficient

Aerodynamic performance

vs G1 Standard

Normally .12 to 1.1

.4-.5 very good

BC = SD/i = M/i x d2

Cartridge Specifications

Speed of the

projectile the

moment it

leaves the

barrel

.Bullet weight

.Qual Propellent

.Qty Propellent

.Barrel length

Muzzle Velocity

Measured in Feet per Second (fps)

1126 ft/s = Speed of Sound

Factor in Kinetic Energy

Modern Firearms = 400 to 4,000 fps

Longer barrel = higher MV

Cartridge Specifications

E = ft lb f

m = Mass

v = Velocity

Kinetic (Muzzle)

Energy

Ek = ½ mv2

Measures

Destructive Force

Cartridge Ft-lbf

.380 ACP 199

.38 Special 310

9mm Luger 350

.45 ACP 400

.357 Magnum 550

.44 Magnum 1,000

.454 Casull 1,900

Stopping Power vs Caliber

Wounding Effects

Physiological

Neurological

Psychological

Penetration

Energy Transfer

Viewed as a Percentage

% increases with Caliber

Several Schools of Thought

Actual Results Based on

Combat Experience

Knockback – “Manstopper” One-Shot-Stop = Myth

Cartridge Malfunctions

Misfire

Hangfire

Squib Load

Misfire

Keep Gun

Pointed in a

Safe Direction

Could be a

Hangfire

A Misfire is the Failure of a Cartridge to Ignite When the Primer or Case Rim is Struck by the Firing Pin.

Wait 30 seconds, clear gun, reload Causes: • Defect in the Cartridge • Defect in the Pistol

Hangfire

A Hangfire is a Perceptible Delay in the Ignition of a Cartridge After the Primer or Case Rim Has Been Struck By the Firing Pin.

Keep gun pointed in a safe direction

Wait 30 seconds, clear the gun, reload.

What NOT to do!!

Squib Load

.357 Squib Load Double Fired

A Squib Load is a Cartridge Developing Less Than Normal Pressure or Velocity Upon Ignition. A Squib Load Can Cause a Bullet to Fail to Exit the Muzzle and Lodge in the Bore.

Stop Firing Immediately, Safely Open The Action And Check The Bore For Obstructions.

Any Questions??

Ammunition

For the Ladies

How to

safely

handle a

concealed

firearm with

a purse

holster

Fun & Games Department

50/50

Raffle

Upscale Cleaning Kit

Next Member Meeting

Thursday, August 15th

Main Topic

Mfgr Series: Glock

Presenter: Darrin Steele, Pat’s

Pawn & Gun