Meeting the Need of Children and Families

Case Study: NajiaBy: Salma Maqsoodi

#300694747Professor: Lisa McCaie

ECEP 233Centennial College

You are working as an ECE in the infant room. While observing the children you notice that Najia (11 months) is not babbling or pointing to objects in the room. Najia’s mother has three other children in the Centre and often appears very stressed. You want to approach Najia’s mother and suggest resources to her.

1. The Scenario

The Needs of the Child Najia is 11 months and she is not babbling and pointing to the objects in the room. It might affect her developmental domains such as emotionally, socially, physically, and intellectually. She needs to gets support and help from related agencies to improve her speaking ability.

Her mother appears much stressed and she also has three other children at the Centre. She needs to refer to the agencies and programs which can support and help her in this issue.

The Needs of her Family

2. The Child’s Special Need

In this scenario Najia is not babbling and pointing to the objects. When the child is not babbling or pointing to the object it is the sign of speech and language delays. Cooing and babbling are early stages of development and children in this stage must make sounds. It is important to observe children for signs that they are sounding their voices to interact with their environment.

According to the Children A Chronological Approach (Kail & Zolner) the first step of speaking for typical child is cooing by 2 months after that babbling by 5-6 months then intonation by 7 months. “When the ability to produce sound is coupled with the 1-year-old’s advanced ability to perceive speech sounds, the stage is set for the infant’s first true words. Soon after their first birthday, most infants begin to talk. Typically, their first words are an extension of advanced babbling, consisting of a consonant-vowel pair that is repeated.”

She can’t be deaf because deaf child can make simple sounds. “Children who are deaf are not only ones who have difficulty with

babbling. Children with cerebral palsy also have difficulty, but for a different reason.” “However, children who hear well and have normal respiration typically learn by the middle of the first year to reproduce the sounds of language that others use in trying to communicate with

them.”(Children A Chronological Approach (Kail & Zolner))

Najia is 11 months she should typically go through those steps and now she must be able to babble because children from birth make sounds; cry, laugh, and some that sounds resemble speech. According to the Children A Chronological Approach (Kail & Zolner) most children achieve these milestones. Najia must be able to recognize the basic speech sounds. Najia might be atypical child with language and speech delay and needs to work on her speaking abilities.

Also gesturing and pointing are part of speech but as we see Najia doesn’t point to the objects. “An infant’s first words represent an important insight: Speech is more than just entertaining sound; instead, sounds form words that refer to objects, actions, and properties. That is, infants come to understand that words are symbols, concepts, and sounds that stand for entities, objects, and ideas in their world.

Najia is 11 months and she must be able to point to the objects at this stage. Children A Chronological Approach (Kail & Zolner) “Gestures are symbols, and infants begin to gesture shortly before their first birthday.” Najia typically must be able to point and gestures.

“Developmental delay is a disability category used for infants, toddlers and preschool age children. While all children grow and change at their own rate, some children may experience delays in their development that can be cause for concern. Young children with developmental delays typically have skills below their same age peers in the ability to think and learn, move, understand, talk and express needs, relate to others, eat, dress, take care of themselves, or solve problems.” (MIDWESTERN INTERMEDIATE UNIT IV”

What is the Child’s Special Need

3. As an ECE What Should I be Aware of

Interaction With the ChildI should observe and keep interacting with the child to find the signs of the special needs to help the child by calling her and talking to her to analyze if she can hear me or not , or is she has hearing problem.

Age Appropriate Activities

11 months children learn how to move their body by crawling and pulling themselves up and down then start walking. I should consider activities to stimulate her communicating skills. “You can encourage the child to communicate by looking, reaching, gesturing, or pulling an object or activity the child wants and using sounds or words to say what the child wants or doesn’t want.”

Classroom LabelsLabeling helps children to understand the items with the words. “Using one format of visuals, places a picture of the classroom area in that specific area at the children’s eye level it promotes children’s understanding of visuals representing objects.” I will try to show the picture in the boxes and label them so she can learn how to communicate.

Modification of the Environment

Picture Exchange Communication System

“It was designed for children who are not yet initiating communication to express their needs or interests.” This strategy has six phases that would be one of the strategies we can implement with Najia to develop her communicating skills.

Using Communication Posters

“The posters are intended to remind adults of ways to promote children’s communication through everyday activities.” I would suggest Najia’s mom to implement it at home until she becomes familiar with the strategies. The posters must be sued which is more important for Najia’s needs that encourage her to communicate.

Concentration

“To help develop vocabulary, always verbally label picture for your child. When you’re ready, add written labels to picture disks. Finally, try losing the pictures.” Some children are slow to speak and Najia might have the same problem and concentrating on new vocabulary will assists her to utilize her voice to associate to their surroundings.

“Help your child learn words of songs and body parts. Puppets can also help the child express moods.” Puppets are a fun way that help children to develop their speak and language skills. (Inclusion of children with Special Needs, Chapter 4, Reading Package )

Talking Socks

Inclusion of Children with Special Needs

“Inclusion is important because all children benefits from interaction with others, better social and adaptive skills, cognitive development, and physical development.” As we know that children learn best from each other. As Najia is included with other children she will look at other children and learn from them new things. “Appropriate supports such as education, accessible environment should be provide to ensure inclusion.”

Parents Meetings

I should always welcome Najia’s parents to have meetings and discussions about Najia’s progress and special needs. I would get information about Najia’s problems and barriers that parents are facing to help them better. “Create an open door atmosphere from the start. Involve parents in finding ways to address these barriers.”

Team Meetings We should have meeting with other team member to discus about the child’s needs and get their support and attention to Najia and make activities to improve Najia’s communication skills.

“Build a nurturing relationship with others, connect with specialized services, and use community resources” I should talk to the center supervisor to remark the Najia’s needs with the board to arrange extra support for her. (week 1-2 handouts, McCaie. L)

The Role of the Board

Seek Relevant Services

Najia and her family need to visit those services:

- Audiologists: For hearing screening

- Infant Development Program Consulting: For home visits, assessments, program planning

- Speech and Language Therapist: To develop Najia’s verbal and non-verbal communication

Seek Relevant Services

I should connect Najia and her family with those services as well:

- Social Worker: Inform and refer and link families with the community-based supports and services

- Psychiatrists: To provide diagnostic assessment

- Psychologist: To concern about the child’s learning abilities

- (Twenty Questions, McCaie. L)

Implement the Effective Recommended Strategies

Prompting and Fading

One of types of prompts is physical prompts that is very helpful for Najia to improve her movement and pointing to the objects abilities. “Use prompting to increase the likelihood that the child will make the right response.”

“Gestures are a natural part of communication. When adults exaggerate gestures, the information provided becomes clearer.” While I am giving directions to Najia such as sit down, come here, and etc., or waving for greeting, or using the concepts I would gesturing to make it clear for Najia. “Gestural Prompts include pointing, nodding and gazing at the item.”

Gestural

Reinforcement

“Children need reinforcements to learn new skills, build independence and build self-esteem.” There are many types of reinforcement that must be implemented with Najia to praise her abilities and paying attention to her. Those types are such as; smiling, clapping, or also I can add activities and toys that Najia likes them. (week 7 handouts, McCaie. L)

“Using visual cues allows us to plan, organize and to be independent. Visuals are equally important to children as they are beginning to learn about their world around them.” Visual communication is what we can see and it is the best strategy for 11 months Najia to learn how use her skills. Moreover, she can learn how to point to the pictures and what she needs. (week 8 handouts, McCaie. L)

Visual Communication

4. The Agencies

Professional Hearing Services of Scarborough

It is an on-line office service that offers

- Consultations and hearing tests with Registered Audiologists

- Hearing Aids and Assistive Listening Devices

- Prescriptions, Ear Plugs, and Repairs- Free cleaning and hearing aid checks- ADP, DVA, WSIB, and insurance

coverage accepted

- Central Auditory Processing for children aged 5 and up

Professional Hearing Services of Scarborough

Their mission is that; as with most electronic equipment, technology to address hearing impairments is now state-of-the-art, incredibly sophisticated, and highly effective. At the same time, some hearing problems can be solved with very simple assistive devices. We'll find the appropriate solution to fit your individual needs based on comprehensive audiological testing combined with our professional assessment.

It provides services for children, adult, and seniors

The website didn’t mention about the cost

They mentioned about their donation for cancer research

Professional Hearing Services of Scarborough

1371 Neilson Road, Suite 317A

Scarborough, Ontario, M1B 4Z8Phone: (416) 286-9800info@scarboroughhearing.com

HoursMonday to Thursday9:00am to 4:30pmFriday9:00am to 12:00pm http://scarboroughhearing.com/

Contact Information

Toronto Audiology Associates

The mission is:- To provide clinical excellence in

hearing assessments and hearing aid fittings for children and adults

- Clinical services are provided by regulated Audiologists

- Its objective is to maximize each client's communication ability so they can lead happy, healthy and productive lives

- Services are provided in English, French and Czech

Toronto Audiology Associates offers a wide range of hearing aids, assistive listening devices and hearing aid accessories.

The directors have worked in hospitals, hearing aid dispensing offices, District School Board providing articulation and language therapy support to school aged children and at the Behaviour Institute in ABA therapy

The Toronto Audiology Associates Services

Diagnostic and consultative audiometric services for children and adults

Hearing Testing Otoacoustic Emissions

Screening Hearing Aid Evaluations and

Dispensing

Hearing aids are funded through the Ministry of Health’s Assistive Devices Program for adults and children with a valid health card in Ontario. Other funding options include WSIB, DVA, ODSP and private insurance companies.

They offer a 'Peace of Mind' package are free but the hearing aids are purchased at the clinic for private pay patients

The ‘Peace of Mind’ Package

Hearing aid evaluation 30 day trial period check up 3 year hearing aid repair warranty Unlimited in-office hearing aid

servicing, adjustments and cleaning by appointment, during the warranty period

Hearing aid batteries for the warranty period

Specialty Items - Custom swim plugs, musician plugs, blue tooth connectivity for cellphone and music devices

Assistive Listening Devices Sennheiser Dealer School consultations Inpatient and Long Term Care

visits available upon request Hearing Testing covered under

OHIP with physician referral letter

ADP, WSIB, DVA, HCAI, RCMP, and ODSP provider

Central Auditory Processing Evaluations

Contact Information

Address:Toronto Audiology Associates240 Duncan Mill Road, Suite 803,North York, ON M3B 3S6

Telephone:(416) 331-9888Fax:(416) 331-9881Email: torontoaudiology@bellnet.ca

Hours of Operation: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday & Friday: 9:00 am - 4:30 pmThursday: 9:00 am - 7:00 pmSaturday: 9:00 am - 4:30 pm (By appointment only)

Website: www.torontoaudiology.com

Children Support Solutions

It has been working for over 15 years with parents, schools, and caregivers identify and support children and teens with special needs.

It offers specialized services such as;

- Psychology- Special Education- Neuropsychology- Psychoeducation- Guidance Counseling- Speech-Language Pathology

It didn’t mention about the cost

It support parents with children between ages 0 – 6 to support their special needs such as;

- Speaks very little or not at all- Ignores warnings- Has challenges with social interactions- Has difficulty following instructions

Children Support Solutions

Children - concerns help with

Delayed speech or stuttering Difficulty adapting to new life situations

(moving, separations, birth, mourning) Delayed development School derogation, giftedness Anxiety, fear Behaviour Discipline problems Sleep Nourishment Motor skills

Support for parents

Parental guidance Behaviour management

(crisis, rule breaking...) Improvement of family

communication Najia’s parents can get

support from this agency because they offer supports for Daycares as well

Contact Information

The Greater Toronto Area (GTA)10 Disera Drive, Suite 240Thornhill-Vaughan, ON L4J 0A7Book an appointment:905.660.9690

1100 Central Parkway WestUnit 4, Suite 100Mississauga, ON L5C 4E5Book an appointment:905.402.3122

Availability is not mention but they have contact numbers to get information

Website: www.childrensupportsolutions.com

Speech Kids Canada

It is a committed team of Speech-Language Pathologists that servicing children of all ages experiencing difficulties with speech, language or literacy.

They are providing service at the location of the patients’ choice such as home or daycare and it is available during day and evening hours.

They offer services in these areas:

- Speech Delay- Receptive language - Expressive language- Voice Production- Literacy skills- Stuttering

The Rates

The cost is based on the recommended fee schedule provided by the Ontario Association of Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists (OSLA) and it discussed and agreed in the first visit.

They don’t charge for mileage and they provide home programs, materials and strategies.

Most employee benefits packages cover some or all speech and language services. It is best to speak with a representative at your extended health plan to find out more details.

Contact Information

Direct: 416-628-3899 Toll free: 1-844-804-KIDS info@speechkids.ca It didn’t have the office

address because they offer home services and it is beneficial service for Najia and her family to get support at home.

From the website Najia’s mom also can get more information and it has some tips for talking and her mom can follow those steps. www.speechkids.ca

It is a tool to help link families to appropriate community services and programs that promote development, reduce risks, and address developmental concerns.

It promotes communication between parents and professionals, improve developmental outcomes for children, and encourage families to use local community resources such as Ontario Early Years Centers.

Toronto Early Childhood and Family Resource System

Toronto Early Childhood and Family Resource System Goals

Increase screening and early identification of children

Increase use of services and supports for families of young children living in Toronto; and

Improve response and coordinated access to services for children with developmental concerns.

It is a website that provide comprehensive related services in Toronto and Najia’s mom can check the website and find the community and services which is needed.

www.healthykidstoronto.ca

Contact Information

1. Recourse Children A Chronological Approach (Kail & Zolner),

2009 Inclusion of children with Special Needs Reading

Package, Chapter 4 (Centennial College-Early Childhood Education 2011)

ConnectAbility-Inclusion Workshop week 1, ConnectAbillty-Toy Shop Workshop week 5, Prompting and Fading Workshop Week 7, Visual Communication week 8, and Twenty Questions (Handouts & Lectures Professor McCaie. L)

http://www.miu4.k12.pa.us/specialed/early_interv.asp

Bibliography

www.scarboroughhearing.com www.torontoaudiology.com www.childrensupportsolutions.com www.speechkids.ca www.healthykidstoronto.ca

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