media experience of additional information on second screen kenta kusumoto [email protected]...
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Media Experience of Additional information on Second Screen
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected] University School of ScienceDepartment of Computer Science2015-01-29
Introduction: overview
• Interest in second screens and their TV related usage has grown– Social media conversations, information about people/products
• Several second screen apps have been developed, especially for tablets– Social media integration, additional
information, exclusive content, polls,check-ins, etc.
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Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
Introduction: motivation
• Lots of research on media multitasking and second screen performance
• Little research on media experience of second screen• Lots of research on concurrent TV viewing and related
Twitter usage• Little research on concurrent TV viewing and related
additional information usage• Moreover, individual personality is not often taken into
account
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Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
Research questions
• RQ 1. What kind of effect does the presence of additional information have on media experience of TV programs?
• RQ 2. What differences are there in media experience between TV genres, with respect to the presence of additional information? Consequently, are there genres that are better suited for additional information on second screen?
• RQ 3. What kind of moderation effect do personality traits have on second screen use and associtated media experience?
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Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
Experiment: overview
• 43 participants
• Participants used second screen app on tablet freely while watching TV programs
• Related tweets and addinfo(additional information) sychronized with TV program were provided as second screen content
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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Experiment: design
• TV programs (8) × Tweets (2) × Addinfo (2)
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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Magazine
Documentary
Reality
Sports
Experiment: dependent variables
• Self-reports for each content type– Interestingness, personal relevance,
trustworthiness, novelty, understandability, likability, concentration, etc.
• Tablet interactions– Number of opened articles, number
of bookmarked articles, etc.
• Psychophysiology– ECG (attention), EDA (arousal),
facial EMG (valence)
• Eye tracking– Visual attention on tablet
• Personality– Polychronicity
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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Helle et al., 2011
Results: effect of addinfo on media experience of TV programs• Addinfo did not have effect on
self-reported media experience of TV programs except reducing concentration
• However, addinfo reduced positive valence facial EMG response which may be a sign of decreased enjoyableness
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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MA
GA
1
MA
GA
2
DO
CU
1
DO
CU
2
RE
AL1
RE
AL2
SP
OR
1
SP
OR
2
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
TV program
EM
G-O
(p
os
hig
h a
rou
sal)
(l
og
(μV
))d
iff
wit
h -
wit
ho
ut
add
info
Results: TV program related media experience• TV program related media experience was generally
good for MAGA1, and poor for DOCU1 and REAL1
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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MA
GA
1
MA
GA
2
DO
CU
1
DO
CU
2
RE
AL1
RE
AL2
SP
OR
1
SP
OR
2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Interestingness
Relevance
Trustworthiness
Novelty
Understandability
Likeability
Concentration
TV program
TV
pro
gra
m r
elat
ed m
edia
exp
e-ri
ence
Results: main screen
• Addinfo predicted whether tablet was considered as main screen
• Tablet was more likely seen as main screen for TV programs with poor media experience
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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MA
GA
1
MA
GA
2
DO
CU
1
DO
CU
2
RE
AL1
RE
AL2
SP
OR
1
SP
OR
2
11.051.1
1.151.2
1.251.3
1.351.4
TV program
Mai
n s
cree
n (
1 =
TV
, 2
= t
able
t)
Results: addinfo related media experience• Addinfo related media experience was generally good
for magazine and sports programs
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Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
MA
GA
1
MA
GA
2
DO
CU
1
DO
CU
2
RE
AL1
RE
AL2
SP
OR
1
SP
OR
2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Interestingness
Relevance
Trustworthiness
Novelty
Understandability
Likability
Concentration
Valuableness
Experience enhancement
Relatedness
TV program
Ad
din
fo r
elat
ed m
edia
exp
erie
nce
Results: search willingness
• Willingness to search for additional information was higher for magazine and sports programs
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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MA
GA
1
MA
GA
2
DO
CU
1
DO
CU
2
RE
AL1
RE
AL2
SP
OR
1
SP
OR
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
TV program
Sea
rch
wil
lin
gn
ess
Results: polychronicity
• Polychronicity predicted media experience of addinfo and visual attention on tablet
• Sharing attention between tweets and addinfo deteriorated media experience of addinfo
• It appears that attention has direct relationship with media experience of addinfo
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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Inte
rest
ingn
ess
Rel
evan
ce
Tru
stw
orth
ines
s
Nov
elty
Und
erst
anda
bilit
y
Like
abili
ty
Con
cent
ratio
n
Imm
ersi
on
Val
uabl
enes
s
Exp
erie
nce
enha
ncem
ent
Rel
ated
ness
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
Addinfo related item
Eva
luat
ion
dif
f w
ith
- w
ith
ou
t tw
eets
Conclusion
• TV can be enriched with addinfo without sacrificing TV watching experience?
• Addinfo is more meaningful with specific programs/genres• Second screen has a potential to become the main screen
when TV program fails to appeal• Addinfo may suit other genres outside of airing time• Addinfo should be short and concise• Second screen app should be customizable to individual
preferences• Drawing attention to second screen forcibly should be
avoided
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Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
Kenta [email protected]
Aalto University School of ScienceDepartment of Computer Science
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Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
Publications
Kusumoto, K., Kinnunen, T., Kätsyri, J., Lindroos, H. and Oittinen, P., ACM MM’14, ”Media Experience of Complementary Information and Tweets on a Second Screen”
http://tinyurl.com/pmp6jra
Kusumoto, Kenta, 2014, ”Media Experience of Additional Information on Second Screen”
http://tinyurl.com/osu2jr4
Lindroos, Heikki, 2014, “Effects of social presence on the viewing experience in a second screen environment”
http://tinyurl.com/nqbp5eu
Kenta Kusumoto [email protected]
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