medbiquitous xml design patterns rachel ellaway 1, valerie smothers 2, joel farrell 3, daniel rehak...
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MedBiquitous XML Design Patterns
Rachel Ellaway1, Valerie Smothers2,
Joel Farrell3, Daniel Rehak1Northern Ontario School of Medicine, 2MedBiquitous, 3IBM
MedBiquitous 2012
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Conflict of interest
We have no involvement with industry that creates a conflict of interest to disclose with respect to this workshop
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Overview
• MedBiquitous develops “information technology standards for healthcare education and competence assessment … based on XML and Web services standards”
• We translate real world needs to technical models and frameworks
• How can we improve MedBiquitous’ community in doing this work
• Try seeing the world in terms of design patterns …
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Design Patterns
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Design patterns
• From architecture – Andrew’s ‘pattern language’
• A “pattern describes a problem that occurs over and over again … and then describes the core of the solution to that problem, in such a way that you can use this solution a million times over, without ever doing it the same way twice”
• Vocabulary = named, described solutions to problems … called "design patterns”
• Also syntax (context) and grammar (method)
A Pattern Language, Christopher Alexander, with Sara Ishikawa, Murray Silverstein, Max Jacobson, Ingrid Fiksdahl-King, and Schlmo Angel, Oxford University Press 1977
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Design patterns in s/w
• OO – reusability, efficiency, understandability
• creational patterns – how entities are defined
– Properties, vocabularies, classes
• structural patterns – how entities are grouped and related
– Trees, taxonomies, objects, libraries
• behavioral patterns – what entities can do
– Rules, state, interpret
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Design patterns in interop
• creational patterns – how entities are defined
– properties, vocabularies, classes
• structural patterns – how entities are grouped and related
– trees, taxonomies, objects, libraries
• behavioral patterns – what entities can do
– rules, state, interpret
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Design patterns in interop
Four main layers:
• Vocabularies
• XML
• Schema design
• Architectures
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Vocabulary Design Patterns
• Defined descriptors• Required (unchanging)• Recommended
– may change– may be ignored– may be augmented
• Global – MeSH, UMLS• Specific• Language issues, translation, syntax etc
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XML Design Patterns
• XML is itself a pattern• Tree - nodes• Attributes• Vocabularies• Namespaces• Special handling - PCDATA
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XML Design Patterns
<Properties> <Counters> <Counter id="608" isVisible="true"> <CounterLabel>time</CounterLabel> <CounterInitVal>0</CounterInitVal> </Counter> </Counters></Properties>
attributes vocabularies
entities
tree
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Schema Design Patterns
• Single tree – healthcare LOM– Contiguous, equivalent concepts
• Multiple trees – MVP– Non-contiguous, non-equivalent concepts
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Single tree schema: MedBiquitous’ Healthcare LOM
From IEEE
MedBiquitous Extension
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Multiple tree schemas: MedBiquitous’ Virtual Patient
Virtual Patient Data
Media Resources
Data Availability Model
Activity Model
SCORM package
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Architecture Design Patterns
• Common XML data structures• Reuse vocabularies – MeSH, UMLS• Referencing other standards:
– Reuse MedBiquitous S&S, whole or part– External S&S can often be reused (check
license) e.g. content packaging, LOM etc
• xx
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Architecture Design Patterns
person resource
competency
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Why is this important?
• MedBiquitous’ work is a community effort
• Some standards development processes hindered by limited familiarity with DPs
• Interop DP literacy can help to streamline and accelerate standards development
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Design patterns in interop
Many layers:
• Vocabularies
• XML
• Schema design
• Architectures
Look for them, see them, understand them, use them
One from this list?
Is this a tree?
Apples and architraves?
What classes, functions and architectures can we reuse?
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Design Patterns
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MedBiquitous XML Design Patterns
Rachel Ellaway1, Valerie Smothers2,
Joel Farrell3, Daniel Rehak1Northern Ontario School of Medicine, 2MedBiquitous, 3IBM
MedBiquitous 2012