SUMMER INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION

presentation by:-ABHISHEK JAIN110106006FINAL YEAR DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND AUTOMOBILE engineering,Sharda university, greater noida

 

 

SUMMER INTERNSHIP presentation ON “Mechanical machinery” AT

BHARAT OMAN REFINERY LIMITED, BINA

Fuelling Nation, Bringing Cheers !

INTRODUCTION Bharat Oman Refineries Limited is a joint venture of Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Limited and Oman Oil Company.

The project was first conceived in early 1990’s , commissioned in 2006 and finally inaugurated in May 2011 by Former Prime Minister of India, Mr. Manmohan Singh.

It was the 19th refinery of India and the first in Central India.

The estimated cost of establishment of Refinery is around 91 billion Indian rupee.

BORL has a capacity of processing 6MMTPA or 120,000 barrels crude oil per day.

BORL is designed to produce greener auto fuels meeting Euro-III & Euro-IV specifications. Besides Motor Spirit and Diesel the company’s product includes Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), Naphtha, Kerosene and Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF).

BORL has been certified ISO-9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004 for Quality Improvement , Health and Safety.

Overview of refinery :-1. Crude Import & Handling facility - comprising a Single Point Mooring (SPM) system

capable of receiving VLCC and a Crude Oil Terminal (COT) at Vadinar, District-Jamnagar(Gujarat).

2. Cross country pipeline & terminals- a 935 km cross country crude oil pipeline (24 inches diameter) from Vadinar to Bina and a crude receiving terminal at Bina. The company also operates a modern product dispatch terminal which has Road, Rail and pipe line facilities for efficient product evacuation to various locations. The company’s facilities are strategically connected to the high demand product markets of Central and Northern India through a 265 KM long pipeline “Bina-Kota Pipeline” which joins BPCL’s pipeline at Piyala near New Delhi.

3. The Company uses state  of art technology from renowned Licensors and Designers and operates modern facilities at its location. The Process units which make up the Refinery Configuration of the company are as follows: -

Major Products OF BORL:-

Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) Euro III Motor Spirit (MS)

Euro IV Motor Spirit (MS)

Aviation Turbine Fuel(ATF)

Euro III HSD Euro IV HSD

Sulphur Pet Coke

Naphtha

Mechanical MACHINERY AT BORL :-

Circulating Fluidised Bed Combustion Boilers

Pumps

Compressor

Valves

Heat Exchangers

Workshop Machinery

Captive power plant :-

As part of utilities and to meet the energy requirement, Captive Power Plant (CPP) is established. Here CPP is synonymous of cogeneration it produces two forms of energy i.e. electric power and steam. CPP is of 3 x33 MW capacities & 3 x 275 Tons /hr steam generating facilities. The CPP shall be Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion (CFBC) type Boiler based Power plant , generating power through Steam Turbine Generators using Petroleum Coke as main fuel. Petroleum coke shall be produced in one of the refinery process units i.e. Delayed Coker Unit as a high calorific value resulting in lower operating cost.

Circulating Fluidised Bed Combustion Boiler:-

The CFBC boiler are simplified, cost-effective and efficient improved performance boilers.

Benefits of CFBC Boilers include high combustion efficiency, high reliability and availability, low maintenance costs, reduced erosion, enormous fuel flexibility and low emissions.

Schematic Diagram of CFBC Boiler:-

Advantages of CFBC Boilers:-

Fuel Flexibility

Improved Combustion Efficiency

In-site Pollution Control & Reduced Emissions

Operating Flexibility

Simplified Fuel Feeding

Better Efficiency

Proven Technology

Easy to operate/Maintain

High reliability

PUMPS

A pump is a mechanical device that add energy to the moving fluids or sometimes slurries by mechanical action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps. Pumps operate via many energy sources and by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid by manual operation, electricity, engine or wind power.

Applications of Pumps in BORL:- 1. For circulation of cooling water.

2. For pump the fluid (crude oil, VGO, diesel etc.) in reactors, coulombs etc. with high pressure.

3. In liquid storage tanks.

What is Pump ?????

COMPRESSOR

What is Compressor ????

A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.

Compressors are similar to pumps, both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe. As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of a gas.

In pipeline compressors of natural gas to move the gas from the production site to the consumer.

In oil refineries, natural gas processing, petrochemical and chemical plants.

In processing and transporting of harmful gases like Hydrogen and CNG.

ValvesA valve is a mechanical device which regulates either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. Its function can be stopping or starting the flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.

Valves used in BORL:-

Gate valve

Ball valve

Butterfly valve

Plug valve

Globe valve

GATE VALVE

Gate valves have an extended use in the petrochemical industry due to the fact that they can work with metal-metal sealing.

They are used in clean flows –ie- mainly for on/off control, with low pressure drop.

When the valve is fully opened, the free valve area coincides with area of the pipe, therefore the head lose of the valve is small.

BALL VALVE

Ball valve is used on/off control without pressure drop, and ideal for quick shut-off, since a 90° turn offers complete shut-off angle, compared to multiple turns required on most manual valves.

Depending on the type of body the ball valve can be more or less easily maintained. Drop pressure relative its hole size is low.

They are used in steam, water, oil, gas, air, corrosive fluids, and can also handle slurries and dusty dry fluids.

Butterfly Valve

Butterfly valve is used for flow regulation in large pipe diameters.

Butterfly valves geometry is simple, compact and revolute, therefore it is a cheap valve to manufacture and to use in industry.

Butterfly valves can work with any kind of fluid , gas , liquid and also with solids in suspension.

PLUG VALVE

Plug Valve is used for on/off control and flow divert but with some pressure drop.

They can handle fluids with solids in suspension.

It require high maintenance cost and require more time for maintenance

GLOBAL VALVE

Global Valve is very good valve for regulating flow.

Globe valve is used where control of fluid flow or pressure is required and it can be operated in any position between open and closed.

HEAT EXCHANGERS

A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. The media may be separated by a solid wall, so that they never mix, or they may be in direct contact .

Heat Exchangers are classified on the basis on Flow Arrangement:-

1. Parallel Flow Heat Exchanger

2. Counter Flow Heat Exchanger

3. Cross Flow Heat Exchanger

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BORL website –ie- http://www.borl.in

BORL Pump Data Sheet

BORL Workshop Manual Sheet

BORL CPP Manual Sheet

http://www.blackmersmartenergy.com/comparativedata/centr ifugal-pumps-vs-positive-displacement-pumps.html

http://www.pumpschool.com

http://www.webbpump.com/

http://water.me.vccs.edu/

http://valveproducts.net/industrial-valves