mcom 2310 listening (chapter 4) part 2
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 4
Listening and Responding
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Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Assignments
Read Chapter 4 and Chapter 11
Read the Writing for the Eye vs Writing for the Ear
Handout
◦ Does everyone have a copy of this handout? If not,
email [email protected]
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Assignments
Glossophopia essay Essay [written and verbal components] (25 points/5%)
◦ Topic: Fear of public speaking (glossophobia) is a common phobia. It can range
from slight nervousness to paralyzing fear and panic. Many people with this
phobia avoid public speaking situations altogether or they suffer through them
with shaking hands and a quavering voice. Write an essay in which you analyze
ways to overcome this phobia and draw conclusions about the importance of
confident public speaking in your personal and professional life.
◦ 2-page maximum, 3-minute presentations
◦ Essay is due at the start of class Tuesday, Feb. 3. Refer to the syllabus…you will be graded on all aspects listed!
Reference my lecture and the book (Chapter 11)
Use the feedback you received on your email assignment to improve your writing.
Use the feedback you will receive on your partner introduction speech to improve your presentation
skills.
Pay attention to the rubric. It’s all there for you.
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Glossophobia Assignment
This is where it gets real.
You’ve had writing practice AND speaking practice.
USE IT.
Record yourself. Say your speech out loud to your
friends, roommates and ANYONE WHO WILL
LISTEN.
Read the grading rubric. You already know what
you will be graded on. No tricks.
Do not fail me! You can do this.
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Guest Speaker
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Morris Wilkes, Distinguished Alum [Government Relations & Public Affairs Consultant; Lead Presidential Advance Representative for George W. Bush]
• Be Active Listeners
• Ask Questions
• Engage
• Take Notes (there will
be a quiz next week)
Tips for Building Your
Confidence
Don’t procrastinate: Prepare your speech far in advance.
Know your audience: Anticipate audience reactions to your speech.
PRACTICE! Rehearse in a speech-like environment: Practice in an environment similar to your performance.
Visualize success: Imagine giving your speech effectively and comfortably.
Use your apprehension: Re-label your nervousness as excitement.
Breathe
Put one hand on your
abdomen, just below your
belly button.
Feel your hand rise about an
inch each time you inhale
and fall about an inch each
time you exhale.
Your chest will rise slightly,
too, in concert with your
abdomen. Remember to
relax your belly so that each
inhalation expands it fully.
Let’s Review
Can you hear me now?
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Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Hearing vs. Listening
Hearing is simply the act of perceiving sound by the
ear. If you are not hearing-impaired, hearing simply
happens. Listening, however, is something you
consciously choose to do. Listening requires
concentration so that your brain processes meaning
from words and sentences. Listening leads to
learning.
Most people tend to be "hard of listening" rather
than "hard of hearing."
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Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Listening
Effectively to
Others
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Stop: Turn Off Competing Messages
Be sure you are listening to others and not simply
waiting for your turn to talk.
Step away from your own thoughts and try to
experience the feelings of others. This process is
known as social decentering.
Three things to help:
1. Prepare yourself physically (SOLER process)
2. Set the scene for attentive listening
3. Arrive early to meetings
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SOLER
Squarely face the person
Open your body position (unfold and remove
obstacles or barriers between you and the other
person)
Lean toward the person
Eye contact. Look directly at the person.
Relax. Anxiety interferes with information
processing
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Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Responding
Effectively to
Others
© Chris Rout/Alamy
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Responding with Verbal Messages
You understand the message
You need clarification
You are interested
You would like him or her to continue speaking
You would like to say something
Communicate messages that let the speaker know:
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Responding with Nonverbal Messages
Using nonverbally responsive behaviors enhances
listening comprehension.
Using nonverbally responsive behaviors helps
speakers feel motivated and satisfied.
Some things to do:
1. Make eye contact.
2. Use head nods.
3. Use vocal assurances.
4. Take notes.
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Responding With Empathetic Messages
Ask appropriate questions: Attempt to understand
how the other person is feeling.
Paraphrase message content: Repeat in your own
words what you think the other person is saying.
Paraphrase emotions: Make sure you understand
the feelings and emotions of others.
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Helping Others
Listen Effectively
to You
© wavebreakmedia Itd/Shutterstock
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The Process of Listening
Select: To focus on one sound
Attend: To focus on a specific message
Understand: To assign meaning to verbal and
nonverbal messages
Remember: To retrieve a message from memory
Respond: To let people know whether you
understood their message
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Help Others Select Your Messages
Move closer to the other people: Make yourself
available to other people.
Make the information useful: Increase the personal
utility of the message for your listeners.
Adapt messages to others’ beliefs: Be sensitive to
the potential reactions of your listeners.
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Help Others Attend to Your Messages
Make messages novel: Make your messages stand
out by making them unique.
Make messages concrete: Avoid abstract words
and instead use words that are vivid and clear.
Make messages moderate in length: Do not create
messages that are too long or too short for people’s
expectations.
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Help Others Understand Your Message
Fit messages into existing schema: Tap into existing
mental representations of knowledge to explain
your concepts.
Develop a new schema: Create a new frame of
reference for your listeners.
Use listeners’ frame of reference: Instead of
explaining things based on your experiences, use
the experiences of others to explain concepts.
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Help Others Remember Your Message
Use redundancy: Repeat information using the
same words. Reiterate information using different
words.
Use memory joggers: Make information easier to
remember with mnemonic devices (rhymes, stories,
or acronyms). Like “SOLER”
Use the principles of primacy and recency: Know
that people tend to remember what came first and
what came last.
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Help Others Respond to Your Message
Encourage questions: Encourage people to
interrupt you with their questions.
Encourage note taking: Give people permission to
take notes during your presentation.
Encourage nonverbal responsiveness: Encourage
listeners to use nonverbal messages to convey
both understanding and confusion.
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Assignments
Glossophopia essay Essay [written and verbal components] (25 points/5%)
◦ Topic: Fear of public speaking (glossophobia) is a common phobia. It can range
from slight nervousness to paralyzing fear and panic. Many people with this
phobia avoid public speaking situations altogether or they suffer through them
with shaking hands and a quavering voice. Write an essay in which you analyze
ways to overcome this phobia and draw conclusions about the importance of
confident public speaking in your personal and professional life.
◦ 2-page maximum, 3-minute presentations
◦ Essay is due at the start of class Tuesday, Feb. 3. Refer to the syllabus…you will be graded on all aspects listed!
Reference my lecture and the book (Chapter 11)
Use the feedback you received on your email assignment to improve your writing.
Use the feedback you will receive on your partner introduction speech to improve your presentation
skills.
Pay attention to the rubric. It’s all there for you.
Copyright © 2013, 2010 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.