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ASP . Net

Presentation

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.NET Framework 3 Introduction to Asp.Net 4 Overview 5 Asp.Net Features 6

Asp.Net Page structure 9 Event Handlers 12 Web Form Page Life Cycle 13 Script Section 14 HTTP Handlers 17 Server Controls 18

Web Server Controls 19Working with Web Objects 21 Web Services 27 A Word of Thanks 29

Subject Slide No.

CONTENTS
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The Way in which Programs are Executed in .NET

.NET ClassLibrary

Compiled intoassembly

Common Language Runtime(CLR)

Compiled into native code

Executes

User

.NET Framework

Welcome

DLL(in MSIL)

.NET Application code is compiled into MicrosoftIntermediate

Lang

uage (MSIL) and stored into a file called DLL.Applications

that run under Common Language Runtime (CLR

an executionengine ) are called managed Code as it provides

JIT. At runtime the Assembly is compiled to its final state by

the CLR.

While running the CLR provides memorymanagement,type-safety checks, and other run-time tasks for

the Application.

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Introduction to Asp.NET

q ASP.NET is a part of theMicrosoft .NET strategy

for Web development.

q It is a Web development platformthat provides

the services necessary fordevelopers to build

enterprise-class Web applications.

q It applies an object-oriented

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Welcome

ServerResources

:

Welcome.aspx

/imgData Store...

Executable

Server

Returns Response3

ReceivesRequest1

ComposesResponse2

An Asp. Net Web application response from server resources

Overview

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ASP.NET Features

Supports multiple programminglanguagesASP.NET

VB.NET C# JScript

Otherlanguages

supports

Web Application

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Home Advantages of ASP.NET

q A new development interfaceunder Visual

Studio.NET.

q Separation of code andpresentation logic for better

understanding and maintenance.q Extensive language support like

Visual Basic .NET, C#, Jscript

and ADO.NET.

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Internet Information Services(IIS)

Detail Overview

Server resources:

Welcome.aspxFindTitles.aspx

System.aspx/imgPubs Database...

WelcomeWeb.configStyle Sheet

(CSS)

IIS ReturnsResponse3 Application composesResponse2

IIS Starts Application1

Asp. Net Web application parts interaction on a Web

Server

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Page files are text files with anextension .aspx or .ascx

Implements application logic using

server-side code

Presents information to the user in

Asp.NET page structure

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Home ASP.NET Pages

WebForm.aspx WebForm.aspx.cs

WebForm

Visual component(Usually ContainsHTML and JScript)

Logic (codebehind)

User interface in thebrowserBoth files together make up a WebForm

Static Text and Controls

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Home Page Directives

@Page: Defines page-specific attributes used by the ASP.NET page parser

and compiler. Can be included only in .aspx files.

@Control: Defines control-specific attributes used by the ASP.NET

page parser and compiler. Can be included only in .ascx files (user controls).

@Import: Explicitly imports a namespace into a page or user control.

@Implements: Declaratively indicates that a page or user control

implements a specified .NET Framework interface.

@Register: Associates aliases with namespaces and class names,

allowing user controls and custom server controls to be rendered when

included in a requested page or user control

@Assembly: Declaratively links an assembly to the current page or user

control.

@OutputCache: Declaratively controls the output caching policies of a

page or user control.

@Reference: Declaratively links a page or user control to the current

page or user control.

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Home Event handlers

An Event handler is a subroutinethat

executes code for a given event.

Events are raised during eachstage of a

Web Form processing.The event handler that correspondsto

the raised event runs.

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Home Web form page life cycle

Stage Event Raised

Page_Init

Page Load

Validate

Form event handler

Page_Unload

Page_PreRender

PageInitialization

User CodeInitialization

Validation

EventHandling

Before Pagerendering

Cleanup

Some events are fired automatically by thepage during

some specific stages of page processing.Others thatare associated with server controls are

triggeredon the client but are fired and handled on the

server.

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Home Script section

Script section

Server-side script Client-side script

Executed by the server Executed by the browser

C#

VB

Jscript

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Home Client side script

They are part of a page and are sent to

the browser which executes them when a

user requests the page.

Typically used to:Change the appearance of the page when it is

loaded in the browser

Perform validation on the data entered by the

user in a form

Display relevant information in the browser

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Home Server side scripting

Code can be contained in eitherserver-

side code declaration

blocks or render blocks .

ASP.NET supports server-side code

in any

language that targets the runtime.

Server-side code declaration blocksmust

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Every request in ASP.NET isprocessed by an

HttpHandler

For example, ASPX pages arehandled by the default

ASPX Page HttpHandler.You can create your ownHttpHandler to render

content based on the request

Http handlers

HttpModules are Similar to ISAPI FiltersThey are built using .NETThe Integrate with the ASP.NET RequestPipeline

o The Pipeline is over 20 events thatfire during the processing of arequest.

Used to Catch the Request and React as

needed.o URL Rewritingo Securityo Logging

Http Modules

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Home server Controls

HTML controls

1.

Flexible controls.2. Not many features.3. Used when the form runs in the client

side and user does not need manyfeatures to be incorporated.

4. Useful when porting ASP applicationsto ASP.NET.

Web controls

1. Rich features that enable programmingof controls

2. Large variety of controls present.3. Used when the form runs

in the server side.4. Better functionality to handle data

stored in the database5. Useful in visual design environments.

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Home Web server controls

q ASP.NET provides a set of object-oriented GUI

components known as Web Server

Controls todesign and develop a web

application apart from the

HTML controls generally used todesign web

applications.

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Home Web server controls

The AutoPostBack property can be found in all webserver

controls which post back their data to the serverwhen the

form is posted or when a button is clicked.

The EnableViewState property can be found in allweb server

controls and is used to define whether a controlsViewState or

the present value it contains is to be retained in thecontrol

after the form is posted back to the server.

Web Server Controlscan be classified as:

Text Entry Controls

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Namespaces

Using the Request Object

Using the Response Object

Retaining value of Variables

Session and Application State Variables

Configuration Files

Web.config File

Working with web objects

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Namespaces :

System.Web : The Application, Browser, Cache, Cookies,Exception, Request,Response, Server, and Trace Objects. Use these Classes in

most Web

Programming tasks. The Application object defined inGlobal.asax is based onthe Application class.

System.Web.SessionState : The Session object. Theseclasses are used to

retrieve and save items in Session state. System.Web.Services : The WebService object. Theseclasses are referred tocreate and use Web Services.

System.Web.UI : The Page and Control objects. Theseclasses are used in

Namespaces are a way of organizing code. They provideprotection from

conflicting names, sometimes called namespace collisions.This protection is

especially necessary in large projects in which it is very easyfor two items

to accidentally have the same name. By organizing your codeinto namespaces,

you reduce the chance of these conflicts.

collection of similar classesNamespaces

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The Page Object Controls yourApplications user Interface. The Page objecthas properties and methods that provideaccess to other objects in the user interface.

The Page base class provides the coremethods and properties that you usefrequently when programming Web forms.

Cache

Controls

Page

Request

Response

Server

Session

Trace


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The RequestObject contains theinformation sent by the client

browser when a page is requestedfrom the application. The Requesthas properties and methods that

provide access to other objects thatmake up the request, as shown inthe figure.

The HttpRequest objectenca sulates information that the


Using the Request Object

Request

Browser

ClientCertificates

Cookies

Files

InputStream

Determine the Capabilities ofthe Browser making the

request. Browser propertiesprovide the browser version

number, determine if itsupports cookies, and supply

other Information.

Authenticate the Client

Get Information from theclient in the form of Cookies

Get Files that are Uploadedby the Client

Read and Write to the rawdata sent in the request

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Home Working with web objects

Using the Response Object

The Response Object contains theinformation sent by the client

browser when a page is requestedfrom the application. The Requesthas properties and methods that

provide access to other objectsthat make up the request, asshown in the figure.

HttpResponse object gives thedevelo er access to the out ut

Response

Cache

Cookies

Output

Determine how the servercaches responses beforethey are sent to the clientSet the Content of cookies to

send to the client

Get or set the raw datareturned to the client as the

response

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Web forms are created anddestroyed each time a clientbrowser makes a request. Becauseof this characteristic, variables

declared within a Web form do notretain their value after a page isdisplayed. To solve this problem,

Asp. Net provides the followingways to retain variable betweenrequests:


Context.Handlerobject : This object is used to retrievepublic members of one Web forms class from a

subsequently displayed Web form.Query strings : This is used to pass information betweenrequests and responses as part of the Web address. Theyare visible to the user, so they should not contain secureinformation such as passwords.Cookies : They are used to store small amounts ofInformation on a Client. Client might refuse cookies, sothe code has to anticipate that possibility.

View State : ASP. Net stores items added to a pagesViewState property as hidden fields on the page.Session state : The Session state variables are used tostore items that you want to keep local to the currentsession ( single user ).Application state : TheApplication state variables tostore items that you want to be available to all users of theapplication.

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Page-level Object-levelVariables

ApplicationLevel

Session Level

String ourname = nobel";Response.Write ("Welcome " +ourname);

Global.asax

* Stores event handlers for all events

* Stored in the root directory of the application

* Its location defines the boundary for the applicatio

* Contains configuration settings for all

applications.

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Application and Session statevariables are created on

the fly, without variable name ortype checking. We

should limit the access points tothese variables.

Maintaining Session state affectsperformance. Session

state can be turned off at the


Session & application state variables

Session Management can bedone in3 ways :

Inproc

StateServer

SqlServer

InProc is the default and easiestmethod. Its a good entry-level

and yet still powerful way tomaintain state. Its also very

performant. Data in thesession is stored in the same

memory space as theapplication.

The StateServer is a Windowsservices that operates

independently of the web sitesapp domain. Objects do require

serialization, however,performance is very good. Thestate server can live on one of

the web servers, and other webservers can point to it so theclient can connect to multipleservers and receive the same

state.

The most powerful comes fromSQL Server as a state server. It

involves a bit of overhead due toserialization and data retrieval,however, the performance is stillquite good. Many customersalready have large/redundant SQLdeployments, so leveraging this

infrastructure is an advantage.

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Type of Tag Rule

Tag and attribute

names

Camel-case : The first character of a tag name islowercase and the first letter of any subsequentwords are in uppercase.

Attribute values

Pascal-case : The first character is uppercase and the

first letter of any subsequent concatenated words isuppercase. Exceptions being true and false, whichare in lowercase.

qConfiguration files are stored in plain text, which enablesweb developers

to edit them in any text-editor of their choice.q The ASP.NET configuration files are written in XML, whichenables the

developer to modify them using an XML parser tooq

If the configuration settings are changed, they areautomatically detectedby the system. The server need not be restarted.

DirectorySubDirectory

q Each directory can actually override the configuration of

the previousdirectory by creating its own configuration file.q The clients cannot view the contents of the configurationfiles using a

browser, thus, ensuring security.

Configuration files

Configuration Files

Machine.Config Web.Config

It sets properties applicablefor the entire server,and

is an XML based file

Contains property settings justfor a single application or

even may be a single directory

of an application.

Server Configuration File

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Configuration files

Web Pages

Set thePropertyValues

Application

ConfigurationFile

Web.Config

This web.config is an XML

based file

Web.Config FileStructure

RootDirectory

OfApplication

Web Config

An application is configuredusing the web.config file which resides in the root director

of the application.

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Thanking You . . .

Amit Sharma

Kanhaiya Kumar Jha

Pawan Mishra

Sayanta Basu

Sribas Das

Tanmoy Guha

A word of thanks . . .

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