may 2003, issue 18 newsletter - · pdf filemay 2003, issue 18 newsletter european...

May 2003, Issue 18

NewsletterEuropean Desalination Society

http://www.edsoc.com

CONFERENCE ONCONFERENCE ONCONFERENCE ONCONFERENCE ONCONFERENCE ON

DDDDDESALINATIONESALINATIONESALINATIONESALINATIONESALINATION ANDANDANDANDAND THETHETHETHETHE E E E E ENVIRONMENTNVIRONMENTNVIRONMENTNVIRONMENTNVIRONMENT: : : : : FFFFFRESHRESHRESHRESHRESH WWWWWATERATERATERATERATER FORFORFORFORFOR AAAAALLLLLLLLLL

UN International Year of Fresh Water 2003

4–8 May 20034–8 May 20034–8 May 20034–8 May 20034–8 May 2003

ScheduleSunday 4 Registration and welcomeMonday 5 Conference opening

Exhibition openingTechnical sessions

Tuesday 6 Technical sessionsWednesday 7 Technical sessions

Conference banquetThursday 8 Visits to desalination plants

Experts from over 40 countries around the Mediter-ranean and elsewhere will gather to share theirknowledge on how to provide fresh water for theworld’s growing population. In addition to a wideeducation program for conservation of this preciousresource, this requires purification of increasinglypolluted ground- and surface waters, reuse ofwastewaters, and augmentation of conventional re-sources through desalination of the vast seas.

It is significant that this conference is held in Maltawhere 55% of the water is provided by desalination.Scientists and engineers who are involved in basic

research, supply of desalination systems or operatesmall and large plants in water scarce areas will con-vene to share information and new ideas for re-search, development and practical application. Eco-nomics are a vital part of this enterprise to supplyfresh water for all, so innovations are constantly madeto improve technology and lower costs which haveplunged to sustainable levels.

EDS Newsletter Issue 18, May 2003 _______________________________________________________________ 2

It does not seem that long agowe met in Malta for a major con-ference on desalination — but itis. The last Malta conference wasin April 1991 — 12 years ago. Alot of water has flowed under thebridge and out of desalinationplants since then. The 1991 con-ference was held under the ban-ner of one of our parent organi-sations, The European Federa-

Richard MorrisEditor

tion of Chemical Engineering — Working Party onDesalination and Water Re-use. Quite a mouthful,EDS is so much simpler. EDS was formed from theamalgamation of the EFCE Working Party and EDAin 1993. Since then it has gone from strength tostrength under succeeding presidents and perhapsmore importantly guided by our secretary MiriamBalaban who keeps the show on the road. More im-portantly, since we last met in Malta, the cost ofdesalination has fallen from around $1.50 to nearly50 ¢/m3. This has been brought about by develop-ments in reverse osmosis membranes, improved en-ergy recovery, lower interest rates and privatisationof one form or another. As you will have read in KlausWangnick’s most recent survey, the market is boom-ing. In the last edition of this newsletter we an-nounced the start of a study by the World Bank onDesalination of Seawater and Brackish Water in theMENA Region and Central Asia. Recognition of thefact that the cost of desalination is getting down tolevels that make it an option for developing coun-tries. It is unlikely that the next decade will see sucha spectacular drop in water costs, but what appearscertain is that the market will continue to expand atan increasing rate as the message gets home thatdesalination is not that expensive.

Conference on Desalination and the Environment ................................................................................................... 1Saline Water Conversion Corporation Research and Development Centre, Jubail, Saudi ArabiaS.A. Al- Jarrah .......................................................................................................................................................... 4The development in seawater desalinationK. Wangnick ............................................................................................................................................................. 7Low fouling antiscalants in NF/RO membrane systemsJ. Nähring ................................................................................................................................................................. 8MEDRC Scholarship ProgramS. McCarthy ............................................................................................................................................................. 11Conference Exhibitors .............................................................................................................................................. 12Announcements ....................................................................................................................................................... 16

CONTENTS

3 ______________________________________________________________ EDS Newsletter Issue 18, May 2003

Pelton wheels at Pembroke RO. Pressure exchangers at Lapsi RO.

The Maltese thought about desalination a long time ago. Aseawater distillation plant built in 1881 still stands as a his-toric reminder.

Seawater desalination by RO technology was introducedin Malta in 1982 when the plant at Ghar Lapsi was built.This marked the start of a successful programme of plant

1999. Energy recovery at Pembroke RO Plant Phase 2was enhanced by the installation of Pelton Wheels insteadof the original reverse running pumps. A savings of 18% ofenergy consumption was obtained.

2002. Two of the trains at Lapsi RO plant were combinedand energy recovery enhanced through the application ofpressure exchangers. This resulted in 26% less energyconsumption. A reverse running pump discarded atPembroke was used as the main HP pump for the refur-bished train.

Plant Year of construction Maximum capacity, m3/d Configuration Ghar Lapsi 1982 20,000 10 × 2,000 m3/d Cirkewwa 1988/89 18,600 2 × 3,000 m3/d

3 × 4,200 m3/d Pembroke 1991/94 54,000 6 × 4,400 m3/d

6 × 4,600 m3/d

The conference committee visiting the Mediterranean Con-ference Centre.

Seawater distillation plant 1881.

construction and operation that supplemented the scantnatural water supplies. Desalination of seawater has madepossible the sustainability of the tourist sector and indus-trial development and above all contributed to thepopulation’s quality of life. A treatment plant for polishinggroundwater is also being developed.

RO plants active in Malta are:

The plants are fed by seawater from beachwells. Design recovery is 45% and all plants are single pass.

On May 8 there will be site visits to these desalination plants.


SALINE WATER CONVERSION CORPORATIONRESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTRE

JUBAIL, SAUDI ARABIASaleh A. Al-Jarrah

Director General, Department of Research and Development

Shortly after its foundation, Saline Water Conversion Cor-poration (SWCC) witnessed a rapid growth and develop-ment in its desalination capabilities. This development wasaccompanied by a similarly rapid, countrywide, horizontalexpansion in desalination activities. Along the same lines,SWCC also focused on diversifying adoption of availabledesalination technologies. As a consequence of these de-velopments, the need for a supporting research unit be-came evident. This need then translated into the presentResearch and Development Centre, which was inaugu-rated in its current premises, as early as 1987. The Centreis located within the Jubail Desalination and Power Plantson the Gulf coast of eastern Saudi Arabia and is shown inFig. 1

The R&D Centre is unique in that it is a devoted establish-ment, which is completely dedicated to R&D in the field ofseawater desalination. The Centre consists of seven de-partments, namely: Seawater Reverse Osmosis, ThermalDesalination, Chemistry, Corrosion, Environment and Ma-rine Biology, Research Planning and Pilot Plants (Station-ary and Mobile). Very well equipped laboratories, with ad-vanced analytical instruments and other research facili-ties, are affiliated to most of these departments. The cen-tre also possesses a supporting electronic maintenanceworkshop and a hardware-machining workshop. Other fa-cilities associated with the formal activities of the Center,include an auditorium, a conferences theatre, seminar hall,stores, and administrative support. The center also affili-ates a fairly advanced technical library with on-line inter-library search, and web-site search, capabilities. The re-

Fig. 1. The SWCC Jubail Research & Development Centre.

search personnel and supporting staff number more thana hundred.

R&D Centre efforts focus mainly on plant O&M follow-up,long term and short-term problem solving and troubleshoot-ing issues; in addition to general development ofdesalination technology. The R&D Centre immediate ob-jective is that of optimising plant operation. The Centreultimate objective, however, is a long-run lowering of theproduction cost of seawater desalination.

SWCC R&D Centre is the location where many periodicconferences are occasionally hosted. For example, theCentre occasionally hosts a prominent symposium titled,“SWCC Acquired Experience Symposium”. As the title im-plies, the main goal of the symposium is to compile, ex-change and document such cumulative experience by vari-ous sectors of SWCC manpower, in order to promote theirskills and utilise them in the best interest of SWCC.

The Centre conducts co-operative R&D programs inseawater desalination with several world organisationsworking in desalination and related fields. A number of co-operative R&D missions were conducted with some or-ganisations in USA. Examples of these include: US Bu-reau of Reclamation and many other desalination firms inUSA. Also, a large number of joint R&D works were donewith Japanese authorities: Japan International CupertinoAgency (JICA), Water Reuse Promotion Centre (WRPC)as well as other Japanese companies working indesalination. Similar co-operative R&D work is held withEuropean desalination firms.


SWCC R&D Centre main objectives are:1 Development and improvement of existing desalination

technology; and introduction and testing of new tech-nologies.

2 Postulate application, material evaluation, short- andlong-term troubleshooting and problem solving projects,as needed by SWCC plants.

3 Support development and promotion of in-house ma-chining of unaffordable spare-parts and consumables.

4 Evaluation of environmental pollution impact on SWCCplants; and the converse impact of plants discharge onthe environment.

5 Keep pace with, follow up, developments and break-throughs achieved by the international desalination com-munity.

6 Assist in directing future developments of SWCC toassume and evolve in appropriate tracks.

All R&D Centre Departments work coherently and carryout joint interdisciplinary research projects to meet the over-all objectives of the Centre. Fig. 2 shows a typical labora-tory at the Centre. The type of work carried out by eachdepartment is summarised below.

Fig. 2. View of the chemistry laboratory.

Chemistry Department:

1 Chemical analysis of different samples.2 Evaluation of chemicals used at various stages of the

desalination processes. Examples of these include: dis-infectants, DBP’s, coagulants, coagulant aids,antifoams, scale inhibitors, oxygen scavengers and limepassivation chemicals.

3 Quality assurance of product water from different SWCCplants.

4 Monitoring of environmental pollution for organic & in-organic contaminants.

Corrosion Department:

1 Identifying the causes of corrosion of different parts ofdesalination plants.

2 Evaluation of different materials used in the construc-tions of commercial plants.

3 Selection of suitable materials for plant constructions incases of annexing new phases, expanding, or replac-ing ageing parts of existing plants.

4 Study the status of existing water transmission lines andrecommend the suitable protection (i.e. using of coat-ing and noble alloys etc.)

5 Suggest recommendations of necessary remedialactions.

Environment and Marine Biology Department:1 Study the interaction between the desalination plants

and coastal marine environment in terms of source waterquality and effect of desalination discharge.

2 Monitor and create database on various coastal envi-ronmental parameters.

3 Study biological fouling plants’ structures and desalina-tion membranes.

Thermal Department:1 Periodic survey and monitoring of the operational per-

formance of SWCC existing power/water co-generationplants.

2 Modelling and simulation of power/water co-generationplants to identify areas where process improvement andoptimisation can be achieved.

3 Development and improvement in thermal desalinationtechnology.

4 Optimisation of hybrid-desalting systems and develop-ment of non-conventional desalting processes (e.g. solardesalination).

5 Reduction of chemical consumption and evaluation ofmaterials.

6 Diagnosis and remedy of plant operational problems.

SWRO Department:1 Evaluation of different types of membranes.2 Membrane selection.3 Evaluation and optimisation of different treatment

methods.4 Performance evaluation of energy recovery devices of

high pressure pumping, adopted by some SWCC plants.5 Upgrading and future developments in permeation tech-

nology.

Pilot Plant Department:The Centre has extensive pliot plat facilities. Two of theseare shown in Figs. 3 and 4.1 Supervision & follow up of operation of pilot plants units.2 Implementation & follow up of maintenance programs

of pilot units.3 Envisage, plan and carry out necessary modifications

to suit research project.

Planning Department:1 Scheduling and follow up of different research projects.2 Research activities organisation and co-ordination be-

tween different Departments of R&D Centre.3 Following up the application of different research projects

recommendations in different SWCC plants.


Fig. 3. Multistage flash pilot plant.

The Centre major achievements in research to dateinclude:

• Research and Development Centre (RDC) of SWCChas been actively engaged in significant process im-provements and operating cost reduction. It embarkeda highly ambitious research program in collaborationwith the commercial plants and chemical manufactur-ing companies in order to reduce anti-scalant dose ratesin SWCC MSF distillers. To achieve this task, RDC in-troduced three-stage test program at laboratory, pilotand commercial plants levels; for chemical dose rateoptimisation. The tests, which were carried out, resultedin significant reduction of anti-scalant dose rates from1.0 to 0.8 ppm at TBT 90°C and from 2.5 to 1.8 ppm atTBT of 110°C. This in turn, reduced the operating costof water desalination and also induced the market com-petition among various producers of anti-scalants.

• As an example of the technology development an inno-

Fig. 4. Reverse osmosis pilot plant.

vative process was developed at the SWCC R&D Cen-tre, and eventually implemented in the SWRO commer-cial plant at Umm Lujj, by coupling nanofiltration (NF)membrane unit, with SWRO unit to form an NF-SWROtrain. This coupling significantly raised the unit capacity(up to 42% increase). This new approach resulted notonly in increasing plant productivity, but also loweringboth the unit water production energy consumption andwater cost. With this success, the conversion of otherSWCC SWRO plants from the conventional SWRO tothe NF-SWRO operation is being considered.

Similar benefits were gained by coupling the NF membraneprocess with other conventional seawater thermaldesalination process, as was demonstrated at the pilot plantlevel in coupling NF with MSFD in the hybrid (NF-MSFD).An improvement in process performance can be similarlyachieved by coupling NF with the multi-effect desalination(MED) operation. In this dual hybrid NF-MED, the triplehybrids of NF-SWROreject-MED, or NF-SWROreject-MSFDwhere in both cases the very low hardness in reject from

Fig. 5. NF implemented Umm Lujjcommercial plant.

SWRO unit operated on NF prod-uct is used as a make-up to thethermal unit. All those dual or tri-ple-NF-thermal cases, allow forthe operation of thermal plants,without use of anti-scalant, at amuch higher top brine tempera-ture (TBT) than their present TBTlimit; with the benefits of achiev-ing a high distillate recovery ra-tio, at both low energy consump-tion and water cost per unit waterproduct.

Saleh A. Al-JarrahDirector General, Department of R&DP.O. Box 5968, Riyadh 11432Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Fax +966 (1) 464-4179;email: [email protected]

Seawater

CASE 1

130 m3/hCartrid

ge Filter

To

Train200

2nd Stage

HP Pump

65 bar

360 m3/h

108 m3/h

CF

HP

Pump

2nd Stage RO

85% Conversion1st Stage RO

30% Conversion

91.8 m3/h

720 m3/h

25 bar

360m3/hNF

Pumps

234 m3/h

Brine

Outfall

SWRO

HP Pump 64 bar

98 m3/h

a.SWRO

b. NF-SWRO

65% Conversion

NF Section

SW PumpFilter Forward

Pump

Gravity Filter Filtered Water Sump Pressure FilterIntake Sump Clear Well

To

Train100

30

bar

720 m3/h

SWRO 56 %

Conversion


THE DEVELOPMENT IN SEAWATER DESALINATIONKlaus Wangnick

Wangnick Consulting GmbHKuhstedtermoor 19A, D-27442 Gnarrenburg, Germany

1. Introduction

A desalination plant inventory has been per-formed every two years by WANGNICK CON-SULTING GMBH of Germany, in cooperationwith IDA International Desalination Associa-tion. The results of this inventory are publishedas the IDA Worldwide Desalting Plant Inven-tory Report. The latest version is ReportNo. 17 with data as per the end of 2001. Be-sides the fact that the Report gives informa-tion on desalination plants using all types ofraw water already contracted and realised, itis known from frequently asked questions thatthe development related to seawaterdesalination is of special interest.

Therefore, this paper presents data on thehistorical development of the seawaterdesalination plants, and gives answers to thequestions on whether reverse osmosis is likelyto replace the thermal processes and on howthe development has been in various regions.

2. Historical development – global

The total annual contracted desalination ca-pacity for seawater and non-seawater as rawwater can be obtained from Fig. 1, the cumu-lative contracted and operated capacity for alltypes of raw water from Fig. 2. It can be seenthat, especially in the last years, the con-tracted seawater capacity was higher than thecontracted non-seawater capacity. The over-all market grew considerably.

In total, some 24,000,000 m3/d of desalinationcapacity was in operation at the end of 2001.

3. Historical development — seawaterdesalination vs. regions

Fig. 1. Annually contracted desalination capacity.

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

19

66

19

68

19

70

19

72

19

74

19

76

19

78

19

80

19

82

19

84

19

86

19

88

19

90

19

92

19

94

19

96

19

98

20

00

An

nu

ally

Co

ntr

acte

d C

ap

ac

ity (

m³/

d)

NON-SEAWATER SEAWATER

Fig. 2. Cumulative contracted and operated desalination capacity.

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

18,000,000

20,000,000

22,000,000

24,000,000

26,000,000

28,000,000

30,000,000

32,000,000

34,000,000

19

01

-19

65

19

66

19

67

19

68

19

69

19

70

19

71

19

72

19

73

19

74

19

75

19

76

19

77

19

78

19

79

19

80

19

81

19

82

19

83

19

84

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

CONTRACT YEAR

CO

NT

RA

CT

ED

CA

PA

CIT

Y [

m3/d

]

909Diagramme-GESAMT

IN OPERATION

CONTRACTED

PLANT LIFETIM E = 25 YEARS

As can be obtained from Fig. 3, substantial seawater ca-pacity was mainly contracted in the Middle East. There themembrane processes play only a minor role, due to verytough conditions at the Gulf coasts. Total capacity in NorthAmerica is still very low, but a number of projects indicatea fast-growing market. Europe is also a growing market,with a considerable addition of capacity during the pastfew years.

Another reason for the great success of the thermal proc-esses in the Middle East is the fact that power and waterproduction often lies in the same hands, thus making dual-purpose systems possible. The desalination plants use the

cheap steam from the power stations. Such configurationsare more difficult to realise in other regions, e.g. in Eu-rope, where power production and water production are indifferent hands.

Of the total worldwide capacity, only 20 % is produced bymembrane processes (RO), whereas the thermal proc-esses (mainly MSF) dominate. In the Middle East, as muchas 90 % of the total capacity is produced by thermal plants.The situation is quite different in other regions, however.For example, in North America the RO process dominates.There more or less all new projects involve RO, as is alsothe case in Europe.

(Continued on page 10)


LOW FOULING ANTISCALANTS IN NF/RO MEMBRANE SYSTEMSJens Nähring

Genesys International, Feigenweg 15D-70619 Stuttgart, Germany

Introduction

This paper deals with the first use of low fouling antiscalantsfor drinking water production in Germany. A low foulingantiscalant prevents scaling without promoting biofoulingthereby improving system performance in terms of clean-ing frequency and permeate quality. Due to the new strin-gent German Drinking Water Regulation the use of mem-branes is expanding in Germany to improve water qualityby removing micro-organisms and other impurities fromsurface waters and by reducing hardness.

Why develop low fouling antiscalants?

It is important that biofouling is not promoted within themembrane system, as biofouling significantly increases theoperating costs and bacteria may be present in the per-meate.

Although proprietary antiscalants are widely used in drink-ing water production, it has been reported that even thoughantiscalants (and acids) may satisfactorily inhibit inorganicprecipitation they sometimes contribute to the biofoulingproblem. It has been reported that an antiscalant basedon a polymeric substance was successful in scale preven-tion, but the plant had to be cleaned every 4–6 weeks. Itwas concluded that the antiscalant was responsible for shortrunning times, as it acted as a nutrient for biological growthand contributed to biofouling. Sometimes biofouling and/or organic fouling has been observed when antiscalantswere used in combination with sulphuric acid (Fig. 1).

ganisms as even low concentrations of nutrients (µg/l) inthe feed water could lead to biofouling (Fig. 2). Indeed it isthe measurement of nutrients that can be used in part todetermine the bio-stability of membrane feed waters. Fromthe literature it has been shown that slight changes in feedwater composition with respect to nutrients govern thenature and permeability of the biofilm. Therefore a rangeof low fouling antiscalants presenting an “acceptable” pro-file has been developed.

Characteristics of low fouling antiscalants for pota-ble applications

An antiscalant suitable for potable applications must havethe following characteristics:

• Non-toxic• Low content of heavy metals• Low content of monomer• Low impact on levels of AOC• Manufactured to high quality standards• A consistent formulationBased on these requirements low fouling antiscalants havebeen developed using standard laboratory procedures. Toimpart the low impact on the level of AOC in the feed waterthe use of polymeric substances has been limited as muchas possible. For the same reason neither preservativesnor biocides are used in these formulations. Table 1 showstypical dose rates depending on the feed source and theexpected scalant species. Table 2 shows relevant toxico-logical data of a low fouling antiscalant for aquatic organ-isms, mammals and birds. It is evident that the toxicity isnegligible for these life types.

Fig. 1. Mass transfer coefficient (MTC) decreases while usingantiscalant and sulphuric acid.

Fig. 2. Effect of 2.5 ppm antiscalant on biofilm formation inthe biofilm monitor.

The growth promoting properties of antiscalants has beeninvestigated in a technical research programme carried outby KIWA (Netherlands). It was found that antiscalants dif-fer greatly in their ability to promote growth of micro-or-


Use of low fouling antiscalant in a NF/RO membranesoftening plant

A German water works is planning to use nanofiltration toproduce drinking water from a combination of 12 differentsurface and well waters. Table 3 shows five typical chemi-cal analyses of feed water and blended compositions.

The aim is to• remove bacteria and other micro-organisms• reduce hardness• reduce chlorides and sulphates in order to reduce cor-

rosion potential• to reduce nitratesTo achieve the fourfold aim at a projected recovery of 85–89%, NF together with RO membranes must be used. Al-though the concentrate from the system can be dischargedinto a classified river nearby, the use of acid as a pre-treat-ment is banned due to restrictions in the addition of chlo-ride and sulphate ions. For this reason a low foulingantiscalant is used on a concentrate with an average LSI+2.0 to +2.3 depending on the water sources. Pilot stud-ies have been underway since 2002.

Feed source Expected scalant / foulant Product developed Feed water dose, g/m³ Brackish or process CaCO3, Fe, Mn, Ca3(PO4)2 Genesys LF 1.0–4.0 Brackish water SiO2 Genesys SI 2.5–4.0 Process or CaSO4 Genesys CAS 2.0–5.0 Natural water BaSO4 Genesys BS 2.0–8.0

Table 1Low fouling antiscalant product selection according to expected scalant

Test Species Value 48 h LC50 Midge larvae 11.400 g/m³ 96 h LC50 14 days LC50

Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss >330 g/m³ >150 g/m³

96 h LC50 Brown Shrimp 4.575 g/m³ 14 days LC50 Water flea Daphnia magna 297 g/m³ LD50 Rabbit >6.319 mg/kg Oral LD50 Bobwhite quail Colinus virginianus >2.510 mg/kg

Table 2Aquatic, mammalian and avian toxicity of a low fouling antiscalant (Genesys LF)

Value Feed water Source Deep well Surface Blend 1 Blend 2

pH 7.5 7.5 7.8 7.5 7.7 KMnO4 demand, g/m³ 1.1 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.7 Calcium, g/m³ 132 142 122 136 126 Magnesium, g/m³ 43 46 35 44 37 Barium, g/m³ 0.09–0.14 Bicarbonate, g/m³ 321 304 229 298 238 Sulphate, g/m³ 164 193 175 184 178 Chloride, g/m³ 210 225 173 206 208 Nitrate, g/m³ 45 38 29 36 29 Iron, g/m³ 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.07

Table 3Feed water quality

Nanofiltration pilot plant.


Fig. 4. Proportions of process groups vs. regions.

Fig. 5. Proportions of RO process for 1991 and 2001 vs.regions.

Fig. 3. Cumulative contracted and operated desalinationcapacity vs. regions.

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

Co

ntr

acte

d C

ap

acity (

m³/

d)

THERMAL PROCESSES

MEMBRANE PROCESSES

World N. America Europe Africa Middle East Asia

In general, the RO process gained ground in all regions,although with very different rates, as can be obtained fromFig. 5. Then again, it must be stated that in some regionsthe proportion increase is based on a low capacity.

4. Summary

In summary, it can be stated that the membrane processeshave gained ground in seawater desalination in general,but the proportion is increasing slowly. The RO process isincreasingly being used for seawater desalination plantsin Europe (here mainly in Spain) and the USA.

Contact: Klaus WangnickTel. +49 4763 8088; Fax +49 4763 1060Email: [email protected]://www.wangnick.com

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f P

roce

sse

s (

%) THERMAL PROCESSES

MEMBRANE PROCESSES


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f P

roce

sse

s (

%)

MEMBRANE PROCESSES (1991)

MEMBRANE PROCESSES (2001)


Fig. 3. Scaling tendency of treated and untreated water.

Conclusions

Preliminary conclusions are as follows:

• a NF/RO membrane combination canachieve a consistent water quality, especiallylow nitrates, despite an ever changing feedwater composition.

• A low fouling antiscalant is needed to pre-vent calcium carbonate and barium sulphatescaling of the membrane plant and to achievethe necessary system availability (Fig. 3).

The operator is most satisfied with product per-formance, particularly as, to date, no membranecleaning has been necessary. Operating at 85–89% recovery will lead to significant cost sav-ings in the main plant and we expect more ofthese types of membrane treatment plants tobe built in the future.

Contact: Dr. Jens NähringTel. +49 (711) 6412249Fax +49 (711) 641 2249Email: [email protected]

The development in seawater desalination(continued from page 8)


MEDRC SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMShannon McCarthy

MEDRC, Oman

IntroductionWithin the next twenty years, it is estimated that the MiddleEast and North Africa (MENA) region will become so depend-ant on desalination technology for sustainable water supply,that a minimum of fifty thousand additional technical expertsof various professional levels would be needed to service thedesalination industry. At current, regional education programsconcerning desalination are limited to private sector initiativesseeking to meet national employment quotas and some re-gional universities conducting individual research projects witha few specialized courses. These initiatives alone will not meetthe estimated needs for industry growth. A more co-ordinatededucation and training approach is necessary, which wouldinclude participation from multiple institutes and organizations.

The ProgramThe MEDRC Scholarship Program offers graduate studentsfrom the MENA region the opportunity to study at universitiesfrom around the world while participating in a MEDRC researchproject. Through this approach, it is expected that studentswill gain skills that will make a long-term contribution to thefurther development of desalination in their respective coun-tries. The Program also aims to increase cross-cultural un-derstanding by stimulating international exchange.

University PartnershipsThe core and strength of the program is its growing circle ofuniversity partners. MEDRC is approaching various universi-ties from North America, Europe and Australia to build part-nerships with university departments interested in the field ofwater desalination. Although MEDRC reviews scholarshipproposals only when submitted through a university, such re-view is not limited to identified partner universities. Otheruniversities automatically become partners in the process pro-vided the curriculum requirements, given below, are met.MEDRC will assist the partner universities in advertising schol-arships in the Middle East and North Africa region.

Curriculum RequirementsThe following are the course requirements that a universityhas to offer to become eligible:For Membrane Desalination, core courses are: WaterChemistry, Membrane processes, Desalination (if offered), UnitOperations with emphasis on Filtration, Mass Transfer. Othersuggested courses are: Polymer Engineering, Thermodynam-ics (preferably pertinent to solutions), Corrosion, AdvancedFluid Mechanics, Computational Methods, Control and Instru-mentation, Colloidal Chemistry.For Thermal Desalination, core courses are: Water Chem-istry, Desalination (if offered), Unit Operations with emphasison Evaporation, Process Heat Transfer, Mass Transfer, Ther-modynamics. Other suggested courses are: Membrane Proc-esses, Corrosion, Computational Methods, Control and In-strumentations and Energy Conversion.

Development of M.Sc./PhD Research ProjectsThe programme operating structure allows professors to re-cruit a student from the MENA region and propose a project

and courses. Alternatively, the applicant could already be astudent at the university.All proposed research projects will be subject to a standardtechnical merit review by MEDRC and should meet researchprogramme guidelines. Pre-proposal/Proposal guidelines canbe found at www.medrc.org.om in the research programmesection of the site.

Eligibility criteriaThe general criteria for eligibility of a MEDRC scholarshipaward are as follows:1. Applicants must be nationals from a MENA country hold-

ing the equivalent of a B.Sc or M.Sc.2. Applicants must obtain acceptance from a relevant univer-

sity to be eligible for a MEDRC scholarship.3. Applicants must demonstrate a desire to contribute to their

country’s advancement in the field of desalination.4. Thesis should be directly related to a desalination topic

representing an immediate need or addressing a specificproblem in the MENA region.

5. In order to promote cooperation among institutions, pref-erence will be given where partnership in the researchproject is also likely to develop between a regional univer-sity and a non-regional university.

How to Apply• Applicant should apply directly to an eligible university of-

fering RO or Thermal desalination based coursework. Theapplicant has to directly contact a professor to agree on aresearch topic in desalination.

• The professor should submit a pre-proposal to MEDRC.The pre-proposal should clearly outline the role of the stu-dent and meet MEDRC project proposal guidelines.MEDRC will reply within a month on whether or not thepre-proposal merits a full proposal submission. If the fullproposal is accepted, the student becomes eligible for ascholarship. The student then proceeds with formalities toget admission from the university unless, otherwise cur-rently enrolled.

Remarks• Since the number of scholarships given each year is lim-

ited, selection will be made on a competitive basis.• Fair distribution of scholarship funds across the MENA re-

gion will play an important role in the final selection proc-ess.

• Priorities will be given to research projects that have im-mediate application in the MENA region.

• Any university interested to be added to the MEDRC circleof partner universities should meet the curriculum require-ments stipulated for membrane and Thermal desalinationdisciplines.

Contact: Shannon McCarthyMEDRC, Mail Box 21Al Khuwair, Postal code 133Muscat, OmanEmail: [email protected]


DESALINATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT

FRESH WATER FOR ALLUN International Year of Fresh Water 2003

4–8 May 2003, Malta

Exhibitors

Angus Flexible Pipelines manufactures long-length layflat hoses used in awide range of industrial applications, including Wellmaster Flexible RisingMain which is designed to replace rigid pipe in boreholes with submersiblepumps.One major application is on Reverse Osmosis desalination plants wherethe seawater intake is from beach wells where the corrosion resistanceand the speed of installation and retrieval ensure a safe and constant sup-ply of drinking water.Over 100 wells have been installed in the main tourist resorts in Egyptincluding Sharm-el-Sheikh and Hurgada. The South Sinai Water Company,which provides water to the City of Sharm, is standardised on Wellmaster.The benefits the Wellmaster system gives in RO applications include :Membrane Protection• no corrosion - minimises membrane damageRevenue Protection• on BOO / BOT plants, loss of production means loss of revenue• rapid installation and retrieval of pump reduces downtime• during routine maintenance or emergency pump failureAsset Protection• long service life, with lower operating costs• no replacement due to corrosion• power savingsOther products include Super Aquaduct for potable water transfer, Chemicoiland Offshore 850 fuel and marine hoses and hoses for sludge, sewageand wastewater transfer.

www.avistatech.co.uk

Avista Technologies serves the specialised needs of the reverse osmosisindustry worldwide. By focussing our efforts in the particular field of exper-tise of membrane separation, Avista are able to deliver the best solution toour customers’ needs. We offer a complete range of products and servicesto ensure that system performance is cost efficient, including:• Vitec antiscalants to prevent scale build up within the membrane

system.• RoQuest coagulants and flocculants to optimise pretreatment systems.• RoCide non oxidising biocides for membrane sanitising and preserving.• RoClean membrane cleaning chemicals to maintain performance of a

membrane system by regular clean in place• OSCAR - Off Site Cleaning And Restoration of heavily fouled

membranes, using unique cleaning techniques• Membrane Autopsies to identify the cause of poor performance on a

membrane system• Data monitoring and normalisation service• On-site supervision of cleaning, trouble shooting, training and plant

operationOur proprietary products and services have been designed to meet theparticular needs of the membrane system market place. By applying our-selves exclusively to this niche market environment our appreciation andexperience of the technology is unmatched.Avista is an independent company, which allows us to make an impartialassessment of customer needs, ensuring complete discretion and unbi-ased recommendations and advice by totally committed staff.

Customers are able to improve system performance or troubleshoot plantoperational difficulties with our technical team’s advice and on or off-siteassistance. With all our products and services, support is provided to thedesigner and end user through the life cycle of a plant. This includes chemi-cal selection, assistance with design of chemical dosing and cleaning sys-tems, training, on-site advice and operational support. To assist our clientsin selecting an appropriate antiscalant and correct dose rate our, easy touse, proprietary Advisor software is available.Avista Technologies provide a worldwide service by direct representationand via a network of distributors and agents, ensuring that customers re-ceive the right products, services and information quickly, conveniently andcost effectively.Extensive investment in research and development, manufacturing anddistribution ensure that Avista products meet the increasing demands ofthe global market place. Please visit our website www.avistatech.co.uk orcontact us for news of our latest product and service developments.

Progressive Composites www.bekaert.comBekaert is a technology-driven business which produces and markets awide range of products based on metal transformation and coating tech-nologies. The Group’s activities are built around four business units: Wire,Merchant Products Europe, Steel Cord and the fast-growing Bekaert Ad-vanced Materials.Bekaert has grown from a small manufacturing and trading company,founded by Leo Leander Bekaert in 1880, into a global group with its headoffice in Belgium. Starting in Western Europe, the Group moved into NorthAmerica and Latin America and has been expanding rapidly in Asia in re-cent years. Much of the Group’s growth has been built on steel cord forradial tyre reinforcement. Bekaert now has 96 production centres in 29countries and an extensive network of sales offices and agencies. In 2001the consolidated companies, joint ventures and associates generated salesin excess of 2.8 billion euros and employed 17 461 people.In building for the future, Bekaert has committed itself to a process ofstrategic renewal based on its core competences. The Group is evolvingfrom a volume-driven producer into a manufacturer of higher-margin prod-ucts offering greater added value. Bekaert’s strategy is to focus on se-lected international market segments with high inherent growth potentialand to move closer to the end-user. As the engine driving sustainable growthand profitability, continuous innovation is one of the Bekaert Group’s pri-orities. New products will have a significant role to play in its future portfo-lio, and to that end Bekaert has made substantial acquisitions of busi-nesses specialising in solar cell and solar-protection and safety films -good examples of new applications for the wide range of coating technolo-gies at Bekaert’s disposal. The aim of this strategy is to increase share-holder value and secure sustainable and profitable growth. The Group’spersonnel policy is also designed to support this process of strategic re-newal, placing special emphasis on the development of the competenceswhich the ‘New Bekaert’ will need. Bekaert’s awareness of its responsibili-ties to society is reflected in the high social, environmental and ethicalstandards which the Group applies.

www.bel.co.ilBEL Composite Industries is a daughter company of BEL Technologieswhich has more than 30 years of experience in the production and devel-


opment of demanding application in composite materials, serving the chemi-cal and water industries. We are ISO 9001 certified and maintain a strin-gent quality assurance program. Each pressure vessel is tested accordingto the requirements of ASME code section X. We provide complete rangeof top quality FRP pressure vessels.The main advantages of BEL pressure vessels are: non-corrosive filament-wound materials of construction; precision manufacturing; high perform-ance; state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques; flexibility of end- or sideport configuration; new multiple port available at 1.5", 2" and 2.5" diam-eters; elimination of auxiliary manifolds - reducing system costs and allow-ing for greater versatility of system design; All side ports are replaceablefor easy maintenance; a new end-cap assembly enables fast system con-struction.Technical information: pressure range 150–1200 psi; membrane elementper vessel: 1–8 in 8" diameter and 1–6 in 4" diameter vessels; accommo-dation by any model of 4" or 8", 40" or 60" RO/NF/UF spiral membraneelements; designed and tested to withstand six times the working pres-sure; designed and tested to withstand 100,000 cycles, as an absoluteminimum; every vessel factory tested at 1.5 times the maximum workingpressure; sanitary fittings and other custom options are available.

www.calder.chThe Calder Group of Companies is a privately owned European basedorganisation established in 1981. Calder is the world leader in the manu-facture and supply of Energy Recovery Turbines. Over 1,100 units areoperating on reverse osmosis plants worldwide with a total recovered powerin excess of 330,000 kW.In keeping with the Calder tradition of leadership in energy recovery technol-ogy, the well proved reliable series of turbines have been designed tomaximise efficiency and reduce cost without compromising quality. A radi-cal improvement in turbine rotor design, and incorporation of a horizontallysplit housing has improved operating efficiency and greatly enhanced ac-cessibility for inspection and maintenance. In actual operation the turbineshave demonstrated efficiencies in excess of 90%. In addition the flat effi-ciency curve allows operation of the part at a wide range of pressures whilstmaintaining high overall efficiency. In a number of large plants, in excessof 50,000 m3/d (15 MGD), centrifugal high-pressure train consumption ofless than 2.9 kWh has been achieved. In some applications with brinecontaminations, consumption as low as 2.6 kWh has been demonstrated.The Calder Companies are dedicated to produce a first class service toour customers with an emphasis on after-sales activities, which includespares backup and maintenance of equipment. Service is available fromCalder offices in Switzerland, England and Spain and through our agent inUSA.

Dow Chemical Company www.dowex.comFILMTECTM Membranes www.filmtec.comDow is a leading science and technology company that provides innova-tive chemical, plastic and agricultural products and services to many es-sential consumer markets. With annual sales of $28 billion, Dow servescustomers in more than 170 countries and a wide range of markets thatare vital to human progress, including food, transportation, health andmedicine, personal and home care, and building and construction, amongothers. Committed to the principles of Sustainable Development, Dow andits approximately 50,000 employees seek to balance economic, environ-mental and social responsibilities.For further information, visit Dow’s website at www.dow.com.Dow is the leading supplier of ion exchange resins DOWEX* and DOWEXMONOSPHERE* and membranes FILMTECTM to the water treatment in-dustry. FILMTEC membranes offered by Dow are the leading reverse os-mosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes for brackish water, seawater,ultrapure water, commercial water and tap water treatment systems, glo-bally. DOWEX* ion exchange resins include the industry’s only compre-hensive line of gel and macroporous uniform particle size (UPS) resins.* Trade mark of The Dow Chemical CompanyFor further information, visit Dow’s web site at www.dowex.com andwww.filmtec.com

www.dweer.com

Formerly a division of DesalCo Limited, DWEER Technology Ltd. wasformed during 2002 to independently commercialize the DWEER systemon a worldwide basis. Based on over a dozen years of successful opera-tions in DesalCo’s Build-Own-Operate (BOO) plants in the Caribbean,DWEER-Tech continues to be managed by the same team out of Ber-muda. This team includes DesalCo/DWEER-Tech founder Dr. Bill Andrewsas well as the inventor of the patented LinX valve and a group of engineerstracing their R.O. experience to as far back as 1969. The formation ofDWEER-Tech will allow the group to focus solely on the DWEER system.Engineering AssistanceDWEER Tech Engineers with a wealth of SWRO experience are availableto advise and assist at the design stage to ensure a perfect integration ofthe DWEER system into your design. On-site commissioning and mainte-nance training are part of every DWEER sale.

www.energy-recovery.com

PX Pressure ExchangerPX technology, exclusively from ERI, is a very cost effective way to lowerSWRO overall costs by cutting system energy costs by as much as 60%.Saves up to 60% on energy costs.The PX Pressure Exchanger is capable of operation at an unmatched 95%rate of efficiency, establishing a new standard for the rest of the energyrecovery industry to follow. Dramatic efficiencies are realized by directingthe energy of reject water back into the system, thereby requiring a muchsmaller high pressure pump. This uses less power, as much as 60% less.Can pay for itself in less than a year.The power savings, realized by shrinking the size of the main high pres-sure pump by 55% or more, can pay for the acquisition and installation ofthe PX Pressure Exchanger in under a year.For new installations, the PX Pressure Exchanger shrinks the requiredsize of the main high pressure pump to the volume of the permeate. Thiscan result in over 40% capital cost savings in the pump, motors, startersand electrical system. The PX Pressure Exchanger can deliver water costat under 2.0 kWh/m3, cutting the price of product by cutting the energycost by as much as half. It is this radical overall cost reduction that facili-tates such a rapid payback of your investment.Total reliabilityERI has made it easy to install the PX Pressure Exchanger.The technology is designed as a modular system of small exchanger units,which fit in to most process train aisles, making installation, upgrades, andmaintenance quick and easy.

www.gebetz.com

GE Betz, a business unit of General Electric, is a world leader in the engi-neered chemical treatment of water and process systems in industrial,commercial and institutional facilities. Our products are used in plant utili-ties such as boilers, cooling towers and wastewater systems, as well as inmembrane systems and manufacturing operations, to help our customersincrease productivity, improve product quality, meet environmental require-ments and reduce operating costs.


www.genesysro.com

Genesys International supplies goods and services to the membrane in-dustry through a global network of dedicated distributors and agents.Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are our primary market for theseproducts and services.The development of the Genesys Product Range is based on four princi-ple objectives:• To minimise membrane scaling / fouling.• To supply products, safe to handle with good environmental properties.• To offer OEMs and end-users positive financial savings through cost

effective products.• To operate at enhanced recovery rates so as to maximise production

whilst minimising the volume of feed water and concentrate used, thussaving on valuable resources.

Product RangeAntiscalants: Our extensive range of antiscalants is used to prevent alltypes of scale formation and to minimise the effects of foulants such assilica, iron, aluminium and manganese.Cleaners: Advanced membrane cleaners and membrane compatiblemicrobicides are available under the Genesol trade name.Flocculant: Genesys International has an extensive range of flocculantseffective against most common foulants.The Genesys Computer Program (Membrane Master II)Membrane Master II calculates the water chemistry within the membranesystem and advises on the most suitable product to be used. Calculatesthe most economic dose rate for a specific scalant or foulant. Available inEnglish, Spanish, Dutch, French, German and Italian - at the touch of abutton.Services and Laboratory TestingA complete range of support services is provided to ensure customersderive the maximum benefit from the use of the Genesys Product Range.To help our many customers, a “Service Laboratory” specialising in mem-brane autopsy and pilot-plant test work is located in Spain within easyreach of the European and Mediterranean markets.Site Service / ConsultancySpecialists from the Genesys Group of companies are available to giveadvice on problem sites. In all things we give of our best.A Commitment to QualityGenesys International Ltd is a Quality Conscious Company registered toISO 9000 standards.

www.membranes.com

Hydranautics is headquartered in Oceanside, California with sales officesworldwide. Hydranautics manufactures either spiral or capillary configura-tion reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and ultrafiltration membrane productsfor water treatment applications.Hydranautics manufacturers CPA elements that are ideal for high puritywaters. ESPA, energy savings membranes produce high flow rates andsalt rejection. LFC membranes are used to treat difficult surface andwastewaters. The SWC product line is used for seawater desalination.ESNA and HYDRACoRe nanofiltration membranes are ideal for removingorganics, color, bacteria and viruses. Hydranautics’ capillary ultrafiltrationmembrane, the HYDRAcap®, provides high removal efficiency of virusesand pathogens. One or more of these element types can be used inHydranautics’ Integrated Membrane Solutions.

www.kochmembrane.comKoch Membrane Systems (KMS) is a world leader in membrane separa-tion technology. Established 40 years ago it has the complete range ofproducts — tubular, spiral wound and hollow fibre — and the completetechnology range of micro-, ultra- and nanofiltration and reverse osmosis.KMS is a supplier of membrane products and systems. In addition, thecompany has recently launched a range of chemical cleaning and condi-tioning products for use in all membrane systems. Software programmesare available including DOSEPROTM, CHEM SETTM, ROPRO® for RO andUF system design and NORMPRO® for system monitoring and trending.These latest innovations are only a few of several new and improved mem-brane developments from KMS.More information is available at: www.kochmembrane.com

LyngAgua www.aqualyng.comLyng Aqua S.L. is a Spanish company which has developed a pressurerecuperator system for Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Desalinationwith the highest available efficiency nowadays.On the basis of this system, we design and build complete desalinationplants from 1.000 m3/d and larger with the following features:• Very low energy consumption below 2,0 kwh/m3

• High reliability• Competitive investment costs• Compact design and low energy consumption, with low infrastructure

costs• Low manpower requirementsThe plants are made in standarized units of 1.000, 2.000, 5.000 10.000and 20.000 m3/d. Lyng Aqua S.L. also undertakes complete projects andoffers the business of operating the plants and sell water.We can do:• BO (Build and Operation) contracts• BOO (Build, Own and Operation) contracts.• BOOT (Build, Own, Operation and Transfer) contracts.

Middle East Desalination Research Centerwww.medrc.org.omMissionTo conduct, facilitate, promote, co-ordinate and support basic and appliedresearch in water Desalination technology and supporting fields. To raisethe standard of living in the Middle East and elsewhere by cost reductionand quality improvement in the technical processes of water desalination.ObjectivesThe specific objectives of the Center are to conduct, facilitate, promote,co-ordinate and support;Basic and applied research in the field of water desalination and relatedtechnical areas with the aim of discovering, developing and improvingmethods of water desalination which are financially and technically feasible;Desalination training programs which develop technical expertise and sci-entific skills throughout the Middle East;Information exchange, including electronic networking to ensure globaltechnical information dissemination concerning water desalination meth-ods and research.Establish relations with other states, organizations, as will foster progressin the development, improvement and use of water desalination in the Mid-dle East and elsewhere.


www.osmonics.com

Osmonics is one of the world’s largest integrated manufacturers of watertreatment machines, components and equipment for the industrial, com-mercial and institutional markets. Through our extensive distribution or-ganization, we also provide high-quality components to original equipmentmanufacturers (OEMs) who use our products in residential water treat-ment and other applications. We also develop engineered systems for moreadvanced purification solutions.Our total product offering includes membranes and membrane machinesincorporating reverse osmosis and other purification technologies such asozonation; filters, housings and laboratory filtration products; and pumps,flow control components, instrumentation and controls. These broad prod-uct lines allow us to meet customers’ needs at any point in the processstream, from pretreatment to final polishing and wastewater treatment.And our diverse technologies deliver solutions to multiple markets-so oursales growth does not depend on any single industry or application.Osmonics started small-with a breakthrough idea for fluid purification. Webuilt a reputation for solving our customers’ toughest problems with high-quality products. Nearly 30 years later, we’ve grown into a $200 millioncompany. Our original reverse osmosis technology is widely accepted, andyou can find our products all over the world. And we have the capability togrow much larger, much faster. To reach the next level, we’re establishinga balance between the smaller company we were and the integrated, glo-bal organization we are becoming.We have international sales offices in Brazil, China, Denmark, England,France, Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Singapore, Switzer-land and Thailand. In the U.S., we have more than 30 sales offices. Wehandle engineered equipment sales through a direct technical sales force.We also sell standard machines and replaceable components through adistributor network supported by district managers.Osmonics’ history demonstrates management’s dedication to building theCompany over the long term and positioning it as the world’s preeminentwater treatment organization.

www.permacare.com

Global Industrialisation, the exploitation of fossil fuels and environmentalpollution have all left their mark on our planet at the end of the secondmillennium. As we enter a new era, there will be no greater influence onthe advancement of mankind than the shortage of useable water.With 20 years global expertise and an enviable reputation for quality,PermaCare International has become the market leader in the supply ofproducts and services to the Membrane Industry. In this capacity we arewell placed to overcome the challenges of the third millennium.PermaCare is a range of products and services designed to help plantdesigners, OEM’s and end-users optimise RO, NF, UF and MF plant per-formance.• Protect and Extend the Life of Your Membrane Plant.• Save energy and reduce water consumption• Reduce cleaning frequency• Minimise system downtime• Optimise plant recovery/conversionProduct RangeScale InhibitionPermaTreat 100: antiscalant for sea water systemsPermaTreat 191: antiscalant for brackish water systemsPermaTreat 391: for all types of recycle and small systemsPermaTreat 504: for effluent waters with high levels of sulphatePermaTreat 510: for all waters with a high silica contentFoulant removal and maintenancePermaClean cleanersBiogrowth and biofilm controlPermaFloc FlocculantOptimised pre-and post treamtmentPermaTex Surface Coatings

ServicesRO11 scaling prediction computer programMembrane autopsyWater and foulant analysisMembrane characterisation and flow testsCleaning serviceOn-site assistance & trainingPermaCare, PermaTreat and PermaClean are all trade marks registeredto ONDEO Nalco Ltd.

Pacific Corporation www.piedmontpacific.comPiedmont Pacific manufactures Piedmont brand stainless steel flexible pipecouplings. Interchangeable with industry standard grooved-end couplings,Piedmont couplings are designed and priced for the water industry.

www.ropur.com

Ropur AG/Toray Membrane TechnologySolutions

Ropur AG is a partner of Toray JapanBrand: TORAY-ROMEMBRARepresenting Companies: Toray Industries, Inc., Tokyo, Japan; BekaertComposites S.A, Mungia, Spain; Ecolab, Düsseldorf, GermanyProducts: SWRO-, BWRO- (standard and hot sanitizable), NF-, MF-ele-ments, MBR (Membrane Bio Reactor), pressure vessels, RO racks,antiscalants, cleaning agentsApplication: Waste water, drinking water, beverage & food, irrigation, boilerfeed, process and ultra pure waterNew ProductsTML20-370 Low fouling membrane surface promotes stable RO opera-tions. Fouling has been the problem that disturbs RO system operationmost frequently. Toray’s surface modification technology, based on deepknowledge of polymer science, and its proprietary element technologyenabled the development of TML20-370, which uses a cross-linked polya-mide composite membrane, to greatly reduce fouling rates.TM820H-370 High pressure seawater desalination element, a RO elementwith high pressure capacity for desalination of highly concentrated seawater,and superb permeate recovery ration. Toray has proven the excellent per-formance of its seawater desalination elements supplied to numerousSWRO plants throughout the world.CFM-2020 Micro Filtration Module. The high flux micro filtration (MF) mem-brane module provides high water flux. The large module accommodatesa membrane with an area a large as 72 m2 (770 ft2). Possessing excellentchemical stability, the MF membrane resists cleaning chemicals, includingthose that are acidic or alkaline or contain an oxidation agent.TM-Type Elements, whereas the standard Toray elements, the well knownSU types have a male construction, the new TM types feature a femaleconstruction with lager membrane surface and higher resistivity againstpressure drop. The measurement of these modules are fully compatiblewith the wide spread American measurements (Filmtec) and consequentlyhighly suitable for direct and easy replacement.

EDS and other associations will exhibit their publications and infor-mation.


A 4-DAY COURSE ON RO AND NANOFILTRATION TECHNOLOGYLecturer Dr. Mark Wilf

20–23 October 2003, L’Aquila, Italy

A 5-DAY COURSE ON MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY IN DRINKING AND INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENTPrinciples, Design & Applications

Lecturers Prof. Jan Schippers and Dr. Maria Kennedy23–27 June 2003, Delft, The Netherlands

The seminar topics include practical information about perform-ance and operating conditions of RO and nano-filtration tech-nology for brackish and seawater desalting. The program in-cludes introduction to membrane technology, description of com-mercial membrane elements, illustration of membrane systemdesign process and overview of systems operation. Calculationof the investment and operating cost of RO plants is included. Asection of the seminar is dedicated to the modern microfiltrationand ultrafiltration technology applied for treatment of potablewater and as a pretreatment for RO systems feed water. An over-view of commercial MF and UF membrane products will be pro-

vided. It will be followed by description of implementation proc-ess of large membrane treatment plants. The seminar is directedtoward professionals that are familiar with membrane technol-ogy with the objective to provide practical information on com-mercial products, the design process, operation conditions ofmembrane systems and economics of the desalting process.

Registration fee:Till May 15 € 1,800 After May 15 € 2,000The fee includes 5 nights accommodation, transportation to/fromairport, lunches, coffee, dinners, course material.

European Desalination SocietyScience and Technology Park of Abruzzo, Via Antica Arischia 1, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy

Tel. +39 0862 3475 308, +39 348 8848 406 Fax +39 0862 3475 213, email: [email protected] or [email protected]://www.edsoc.com http://www.desline.com

DESALINATION STRATEGIES IN SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIESCooperation between Mediterranean countries of Europe and the southern rim of the Mediterranean

May 2004, Marrakech, Morocco

Organised by the EuropeanDesalination Society in co-operation with Morocco ONEPNational Water Supply Agencyand International Water Associa-tion with the support of the Eu-ropean Commission.Around the Mediterranean thereis a growing awareness of in-creasing demand for water whilethe natural supply is limited. thesituation of the southern coun-tries is dramatically more seriouswith rapidly increasing popula-tions and much lower rainfall.Different techniques can be used

to supplement natural water,among these are desalinationtechnologies that can make po-table the brackish and sea wa-ter which are plentiful and veryavailable in these regions. Co-operation between countries ofEurope and the southern rim ofthe Mediterranean is essential.

In this conference attention willbe focused on the possibility ofproducing water by desalinationfor the region of the southern rimof the Mediterranean in a sus-tainable manner and at a costthat people can afford.

For further information visit our sites at www.edsoc.com and www.desline.com

The purpose of this short course is to provide practical knowl-edge on the design and operation of membrane processes (MF,UF & RO) in the water industry. Specific membrane related prob-lems such as membrane fouling, scaling and cleaning are dealtwith in detail, including pre-treatment options and the latest de-velopments in monitoring and controlling fouling. MF/UF proc-ess design schemes for the treatment of drinking water, andmembrane bioreactors in waste water treatment (MBR) applica-tions will be covered. The course also includes computer aided

design of brackish/seawater reverse osmosis systems, pre-treat-ment and post-treatment options for membrane systems andcomparisons of membrane and thermal desalting systems. Avisit to the world’s largest integrated membrane plant (WaterSupply Company of North Holland) is also included in the course.

Registration fee:The fee for the course is € 1,650, which includes course docu-mentation. The fee does not include accommodation or living ex-penses.

COURSES SPONSORED BY EDS

may 2003, issue 18 newsletter - · pdf filemay 2003, issue 18 newsletter european...

Documents