Slide 1

May 1787 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Slide 2 55 delegates Lawyers, physicians, generals, governors, planters, and a college president Well educated All states represented,except Rhode Island Slide 3 Presided over meeting Gave the meeting greater significance Would later become the first president of the United States Slide 4 Oldest delegate (80 years old) Like Washington, was well respected and added a positive presence to the meetings Slide 5 Powerful speaker and writer Wrote the Preamble Wrote final draft of Constitution Tried to get Constitutional Convention to ban slavery Slide 6 Father of the Constitution His notes became the best record of what happened at the convention. Supporter of strong central government Slide 7 Governor of Virginia Proposed creating strong national government instead of rewriting Articles Introduced Virginia Plan to convention Slide 8 Presented the New Jersey plan, a plan that revised the Articles of Confederation Slide 9 Proposed a compromise to the New Jersey and Virginia plan which came to be known as The Great Compromise Slide 10 English Parliamentary Traditions The Magna Carta (1215) The English Bill of Rights (1689) Enlightenment Thinkers John Locke Natural Rights Baron de Montesquieu Separation of Powers Slide 11 Convention began by choosing George Washington to preside over meetings. Each state would have one vote on all questions. The delegates decided to keep all the sessions secret. This made it possible for the delegates to talk freely. Slide 12 Proposed by Edmund Randolph Two-house (bicameral) legislature Members of the lower house elected by the people Members of the upper house elected by the lower house Number of representatives would be proportional to the population of each state Slide 13 Proposed by William Paterson Kept Confederations One-House legislature Gave Congress the power to tax and regulate trade Congress would elect a weak executive branch consisting of more than one person Slide 14 Suggested by Roger Sherman Two-House legislature Lower House (House of Representatives) Membership would be proportional to population of the state Upper House (Senate) Each state would have two members Slide 15 Northern states wanted to ban slavery throughout the nation Southern states considered slavery essential to their economies It was agreed that Congress would not interfere with the slave trade until 1808 Slide 16 Southern states wanted slaves to be counted as population for the purpose of representation in the House of Representatives Northerners wanted slaves to be counted as property and taxed Compromiseslaves would be counted as 3/5 of a free person for the purpose of taxation AND representation Slide 17 9 out of 13 states had to ratify (approve) the Constitution Federalists-supporters of the Constitution James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay defended the Constitution in The Federalist Papers Anti-Federalists-opposed ratification Lacked a bill of rights to protect individual freedoms Slide 18 June 21, 1788New Hampshire (the 9 th state) ratified the Constitution June 25, 1788Virginia ratified the Constitution June 26, 1788New York ratified the Constitution November 1789 Constitution ratified by North Carolina May 1790Constitution ratified by Rhode Island