matter unit review study notes, worksheets, reading packet, check online – this review will be on...

Matter Unit ReviewStudy notes, worksheets, reading

packet, check ONLINE – this review will be on my wiki site!

Practice Test Questions

• Fill in the table with info about parts of an atom

Importance Location Charge Mass

Proton

Neutron

Electron Determine element’s reactivity (how it will bond to another element)

Outside nucleus (electron cloud)

Negative (-1) Virtually zero

Tell the identity of the atom

Inside nucleus Positive (+1) Heavy

Helps determine mass – important in isotopes

Inside nucleus Neutral Heavy


• Writing questions (Complete sentences)

• 6+1 Writing Traits: You will be graded on– Ideas and Content (how you explain yourself),– Word Choice (correct use of vocabulary), and– Conventions (spelling, punctuation,

capitalization, etc.)


• Compare and contrast elements and atoms

• Elements – elements are one type of atom

• Atoms – what elements are made of; the building blocks of matter; contain protons, neutrons and electrons


• How do isotopes of the same element differ from each other?

• Different number of neutrons

• Different atomic mass (protons + neutrons)

• Number of protons doesn’t change!!!


• How do atoms or ions combine to form compounds?

• Chemical bonds


• What are the kinds of bonds and how do they form?

• Ionic bonds (move electrons -ions formed- have charge)

• Covalent bonds (share electrons)• Hydrogen bonds (parts of the element

become charged)• Metallic bonds (metals, like gold, copper,

silver, form bonds to each other)


• Why is sweetened tea considered to be a solution rather than a compound?

• Sweetened tea is made of sugar dissolved in tea

• Solutions can be separated, and compounds cannot be separated


• What makes a solution different from a heterogeneous mixture?

• Solutions are evenly mixed; can’t see individual components;

• Heterogeneous unevenly mixed; can see individual components


• How would you determine if saltwater was a solution, heterogeneous mixture, or a compound?

• Compounds are chemically bonded and can’t be easily separated – water and salt CAN be separated by boiling the water

• Decide between solution/heterogeneous: see previous slide


• List the four types of matter in order from lowest to highest in terms of amount of particle movement

• Lowest amount of movement= solids

• High= plasma

• Solid, liquid, gas, plasma


• As water freezes, what happens to the water molecules that causes ice to float?

• Molecules move apart, causing ice to be less dense than water

• When other materials change from liquid to solid, molecules move TOGETHER


• Properties of a substance that can be observed without changing it into a new substance are…

• Chemical or Physical Properties

• Physical

Classify the following items into the four types of matter

• Groundwater• Lightning• Lava• Snow• Textbook• Ice cap• Notebook• Apple juice• Eraser• Glass• Cotton• Helium• Iron oxide (rust)• Lake• Limestone• Water vapor

• Liquid• Plasma• Liquid• Solid• Solid• Solid• Solid• Liquid• Solid• Solid• Solid• Gas• Solid• Liquid• Solid• Gas


• What are valence electrons?

• Electrons in the OUTERmost orbit

• Why are they important?

• B O N D I N G ! ! ! ! ! ! !


• How is the periodic table arranged from left to right?

• Add one valence electron as you go across

• How is it arranged from top to bottom?

• Add one shell (orbit) as you go down


• What elements are in this compound? How many of that element are there?

• NaHCO3Co• Sodium – 1• Hydrogen – 1• Carbon – 1• Oxygen – 3• Cobalt – 1


• Try this next one that’s more difficult…

• (CH3)2CHOH

• Carbon – 2, plus 1 (total 3)

• Hydrogen – 6, plus 1, plus 1 (total 8)

• Oxygen – 1


• Are these elements isotopes of each other? Or are they totally different elements? (Recall what an isotope is…)

• Element 1 has 13 protons and 14 neutrons

• Element 2 has 13 protons and 13 neutrons

• They are isotopes (Same # of protons, but DIFFERENT neutrons)


• Different elements? Or isotopes?• Element 3 has 25 protons and 30 neutrons• Element 4 has 26 protons and 30 neutrons• Different # of protons = different elements!• If element 4 had 31 neutrons, but still had 26

protons, does that change your answer?• No! Isotopes have to have the SAME # of

protons, since a proton determines the identity of the element


• Different elements? Or isotopes?

• Element 5 has 41 protons and mass 60

• Element 6 has 41 protons and mass 64

• Isotopes – same # protons

• Mass = P+N so Element 6 must have 4 extra neutrons compared to element 5

matter unit review study notes, worksheets, reading packet, check online – this review will be on...

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