matter and molecules review chapter 3 review. vocabulary in living things, carbohydrates are broken...
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Matter and Molecules
ReviewChapter 3 Review
Vocabulary
In living things, carbohydrates are broken down into ______________ for fuel.
Simple Sugars
Vocabulary
Long chains of _______ make proteins.
Amino Acids
Vocabulary
A chemical reaction can be represented by a __________.
Chemical Equation
Vocabulary
A substance that is made up of more than one kind of element is called a ___________.
Compound
Vocabulary
Anything that takes up space and has mass is _________.
Matter
Vocabulary
The raw materials in a chemical reaction are called __________.
Reactants
Vocabulary
Cell activities in living things are directed by ___________.
Nucleic Acids
What’s the Difference?
Chemical Symbol vs. Chemical Formula
Symbol- one- or two-letter symbol for an element. Formula- combination of chemical symbols used to represent a compound.
What’s the Difference?
Reactant vs. Product
Reactant- substance used up in chemical reaction (usually on left). Product- substance that is produced by a chemical reaction (right side).
What’s the Difference?
Amino acids vs. Nucleic Acids
Amino Acids- building blocks of proteins. Nucleic Acids- molecules that help direct cell activities and cell reproduction.
What the Difference?
Mixture vs. Solution
Mixture- two or more compounds that do not combine chemically. Solution- type of mixture in which the substances mix evenly.
What’s the Difference?
Element vs. Compound
Element- basic substances that make up matter. Compound- substance made up of more than one element.
What’s the Difference
Organic Compound vs. Inorganic Compound
Organic- found in living things and generally contain Carbon. Inorganic- generally do not contain Carbon.
What’s the Difference?
Atom vs. Molecule
Atom- building blocks of elements. Molecules- building blocks of compounds.
Check Your Knowledge
How many types of atoms can be contained in an element?
One
Check Your Knowledge
How does your body use proteins?
Proteins are used to build and repair body parts, to speed up chemical reactions, and to protect the body from diseases.
Check Your Knowledge
What is Matter?
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.
Check Your Knowledge
Starches and sugars are examples of what type of organic compound?
Carbohydrates
Check Your Knowledge
What form of matter has definite volume but not definite shape?
Liquid
Check Your Knowledge
Name the three phases of matter.
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Check Your Knowledge
What happens during a chemical change?
Atoms are rearranged to form new compounds.
Check Your Knowledge
How do chemists represent elements?
With one- or two-letter symbols.
Check Your Knowledge
What is the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?
Organic contain Carbon; inorganic don’t.
Check Your Knowledge
Give an example of a physical change.
Ex. Ice melting, ripping a piece of paper, cutting a rubber band.
True or False?
Molecules are made up of atoms and are the building blocks of elements.
False; Compounds
True of False?
A physical change occurs when ice melts.
True
True or False?
A chemical change affects a substance’s characteristics but does not change its identity.
False; Physical Change
True of False?
Organic compounds include proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
True
True of False?
In chemical equations, chemical formulas represent compounds.
True
True or False?
You balance a chemical equation by placing letters called coefficients in front of the chemical formulas.
False; Numbers
Check Your Understanding
What is the difference between a solid, a liquid, and a gas?
Solid- definite shape and volume; particles close together. Liquid- definite volume. Gas- no definite shape or volume; particles spread out.
Check Your Understanding
What are the three parts that make up an atom? What are their charges? Where are they located?
Protons- in nucleus; positive charge. Neutron- in nucleus; no charge. Electron floating around nucleus; negative charge.
Check Your Understanding
What do the subscripts in a chemical formula indicate?
The number of atoms in a molecule.
Check Your Understanding
What’s the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA- directs cell to perform processes. RNA- carries information elsewhere in cell.
Check Your Understanding
How many Hydrogen atoms are in the molecule: 2C6H12O6
24