matriculation physics the revision guide...
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MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 1: Electrostatics
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
1.1 Coulomb’s law a) State Coulomb’s law,
b) Sketch the electric force
diagram and apply Coulomb’s law for a system of point charges.
1.2 Electric field a) Define and use electric
field strength,
b) Use
for point charge
c) Sketch the electric field
strength diagram and determine electric field strength E for a system of charges.
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
1.3 Electric Potential
a) Define electric potential
b) Define and sketch equipotential lines and surfaces of i. An isolated charge
ii. A uniform electric field
c) Use
for a point
charge and a system of charges.
d) Calculate potential difference between two points
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
1.3 Electric potential e) Deduce the change in
potential energy, between two points in electric field
f) Calculate potential energy of a system of point charges.
(
)
1.4 Charge in a uniform electric field
a) Explain quantitatively with the aid of a diagram the motion of a charge in a uniform electric field.
b) Use
for uniform E
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Name: Class:
Chapter 2: Capacitor and Dielectrics
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
2.1 Capacitance and capacitors in series and parallel
a) Define capacitance and use capacitance
b) Derive and determine the
effective capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel.
c) Derive and use energy stored in
a capacitor
2.2 Charging and discharging of capacitors
a) Define and use time constant,
b) Sketch and explain the
characteristics of Q-t and I-t graph for charging and discharging of a capacitor
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc)
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
2.2 Charging and discharging capacitor
c) Use
i)
for discharging
ii)
charging
2.3 Capacitors with dielectrics
a) Calculate capacitance of air-filled parallel plate capacitor
b) Define and use dielectric
constant,
c) Describe the effect of dielectric
on a parallel plate capacitor.
d) Use capacitance with dielectric,
.
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Name: Class:
Chapter 3: Electric Current and Direct-Current Circuits
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
3.1 Electrical Conduction a) Describe microscopic model of
current.
b) Define and use electric current
3.2 Ohm’s law and Resistivity a) State and use Ohm’s law.
b) Define and use resistivity,
3.3 Variation of resistance with temperature.
a) Explain the effect of temperature on electrical resistance in metals.
b) Use resistance
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
3.4 Electromagnetic force (emf), internal resistance and potential difference
a) Define emf, of a battery
b) Explain the relationship between emf of a battery and potential difference across the battery terminals.
c) Use terminal voltage,
3.5 Electrical energy and power a) Use
i) Power, ii) Electrical energy
3.6 Resistors in series and parallel a) Derive and determine effective
resistance of resistors in series and parallel
3.7 Kirchhoff’s Laws a) State and use Kirchhoff’s Laws.
3.8 Potential divider a) Explain the principle of a potential
divider
(
)
b) Use equation of potential divider
3.9 Potentiometer and Wheatstone Bridge a) Explain principles of potentiometer
and Wheatstone Bridge and their application
b) Use related equation for
Potentometer
and for
Wheatstone Bridge
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 4: Magnetic Field
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
4.1 Magnetic Field a) Define magnetic field
b) Identify magnetic field source and sketch their magnetic field lines.
4.2 Magnetic field produce by current carrying conductor
a) Use magnetic field: i. For a long straight wire:
ii. At the centre of a circular coil:
iii. At the centre of a solenoid:
iv. At the end of the solenoid:
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
4.3 Force on moving charge particle in a uniform magnetic field
a) Use magnetic force,
b) Describe circular motion of a charge in a uniform magnetic field
c) Use relationship
4.4 Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field
a) Use magnetic force,
4.5 Forces between two parallel current-carrying conductors
a) Derive force per unit length of two parallel current-carrying conductors.
b) Use force per unit length,
c) Define one ampere.
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
4.6 Torque on a coil
a) Use torque, where N= number of turns
b) Explain the working principles of a moving coil galvanometer
4.7 Motion of charge particle in magnetic field and electric field
a) Explain the motion of charge particle in both magnetic field and electric field.
b) Derive and use velocity,
in a
velocity selector.
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 5: Electromagnetic Induction
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
5.1 Magnetic flux a) Define and use magnetic flux:
5.2 Induced emf a) Use Faraday’s experiment to
explain induced emf
b) State Faraday’s law and use Lenz’s law to determine the direction of induced current.
c) Apply induced emf,
d) Derive and use induced emf: i. In straight conductor
ii. In coil
iii. In rotating coil
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc) I should be able to:
5.3 Self-Inductance a) Define self-inductance.
b) Apply self- inductance for a coil and solenoid
5.4 Energy stored in inductor a) Derive and use the energy stored
in an inductor
5.5 Mutual inductance a) Define mutual inductance
b) Use mutual inductance of two coaxial coils
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 6: Alternating Current
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
6.1 Alternating current a) Define alternating current (AC)
b) Sketch and interpret sinusoidal AC waveform
c) Use sinusoidal voltage and current equations:
6.2 Root mean square (rms) a) Define root mean square (rms)
current and voltage for AC source.
b) Use:
√
√
6.3 Resistance, reactance and impedance a) Sketch and use phasor
diagram and sinusoidal
waveform to show the phase
relationship between current
and voltage for a single
component circuit consisting of:
i. Pure resistor
ii. Pure capacitor
iii. Pure inductor
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
6.3 Resistance, reactance and impedance b) Use phasor diagram to analyze
voltage, current, and impedance of series circuit of:
i) RL
ii) RC
iii) RLC
c) Define and use: i. Capacitive reactance:
ii. Inductive reactance:
√
iii. Impedance:
iv. Phase angle
d) Explain graphically the dependence of R, XC,XL and Z on f and relate it to resonance
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
6.4 Power and power factor a) Apply:
i. Average power
ii. Instantaneous power
iii. Power factor,
In AC circuit consisting of R, RC, RL and RLC in series.
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 7: Geometrical Optics
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
7.1 Reflection at a spherical surface a) State laws if reflection.
b) Sketch and use ray diagrams to determine characteristics of image formed by spherical mirrors
c) Use:
For real object only
7.2 Refraction at a plane and spherical surfaces:
a) State and use the laws of refraction (Snell’s Law) for layers of materials with different densities.
b) Use:
For spherical surfaces
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
7.3 Thin lenses a) Sketch and use ray diagrams
to determine the characteristics of image formed by concave and convex lenses.
b) Use thin lens equation,
For real object only
c) Use lens maker’s equation, d)
(
) (
)
e) Use the thin lens formula for a combination of two convex lenses
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 8: Physical Optics
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
8.1 Huygens’ principle a) State Huygens’ principle
b) Sketch and explain the wave front of light after passing through a single slit and obstacle using Huygens ’ principle.
8.2 Constructive interference and destructive interference
a) Define coherence.
b) State the conditions for interference of light.
c) State the conditions of constructive and destructive interference.
8.3 Interference of transmitted light through double slits
a) Use i. For a bright fringes (maxima)
ii. For dark fringes (minima)
(
)
Where
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
8.3 Interference of transmitted light through double slits
b) Use
and explain the
effect of changing any of the variable
8.4 Interference of reflected light in thin films
a) Identify the occurrence of phase change upon reflection.
b) Explain with the aid of diagram the interference of light in thin films at normal incidence
c) Use the following equations: i. For reflected light with
no phase difference: Constructive interference (or reflective coating
Destructive interference (or anti-reflective coating)
ii. For reflected light of
phase different rad: Constructive interference
Destructive interference
Where
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
8.5 Interference of reflected light in air wedge and Newton’s rings
a) Explain with the aid of diagram the interference in air wedge.
b) Use for air wedge i. For bright fringes
(maxima)
(
)
ii. For dark fringes (minima)
Where
c) Use diagram to explain qualitatively the formation of Newton’s rings and the centre dark spot
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks (Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
8.6 Diffraction by a single slit a) Define diffraction
b) Explain with the aid of a diagram the diffraction of a single slit
c) Use: i.
For dark fringes (minima)
ii.
(
)
For bright fringes (maxima),
Where
8.7 Diffraction grating a) Explain with aid of a diagram
the formation of diffraction.
b) Apply where
.
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 9: Quantization of Light
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
9.1 Planck’s Quantum Theory a) Distinguish between Planck’s
quantum theory and classical theory of energy.
b) Use Einstein’s formulae for a
photon energy,
9.2 The Photoelectric Effect a) Explain the phenomenon of
photoelectric effect.
b) Describe and sketch diagram of
the photoelectric effect experimental set up
c) Define and determine threshold
frequency, work function and stopping potential.
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
9.2 The Photoelectric Effect
d) Explain by using graph and equations the observations of photoelectric effect experiment in terms of the dependence of:
i. Kinetic energy of photoelectron in the frequency of light;
ii. Photoelectric current on intensity of incident light;
iii. Work function and threshold frequency in the types of metal surface;
e) Explain the failure of classical
theory to justify the photoelectric effect
f) Use Einstein’s photoelectric
equation,
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 10: Wave Properties of Particles
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
10.1 The de Broglie wavelength a) State wave-particle duality.
b) Use de Broglie wavelength,
10.2 Electron diffraction a) Describe the observation of
electron diffraction in Davisson-Germer experiment.
b) Explain the wave behaviour of electron in an electron microscope
c) State the advantages of electron microscope compared to optical microscope
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 11: Nucleus
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
11.1 Properties of nucleus a) State the properties of proton
and neutron.
b) Define i. Proton number, Z ii. Nucleon number, A iii. Neutron number, N iv. Isotopes
c) Use to represent a
nuclide
11.2 Binding energy and mass defect
a) Define and determine mass defect
( )
b) Define and determine binding energy,
and binding energy per nucleon
c) Describe graph of binding energy per nucleon against nucleon number
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 12: Nuclear Reaction
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
12.1 Nuclear reaction a) State the conservation of
charge (Z) and nucleon number (A) in a nuclear reaction
b) Write and complete the equation of nuclear reaction.
c) Calculate the energy released in nuclear reaction.
12.2 Nuclear fission and fusion
a) Explain the occurrence of fission and fusion using the graph of binding energy per nucleon.
b) Distinguish the processes of nuclear fission and fusion
c) Explain the chain reaction in nuclear fission of a nuclear reactor
d) Describe the process of nuclear fusion in the sun
MATRICULATION PHYSICS THE REVISION GUIDE
Excellence Committee, Physics Unit KML
Chapter 13: Radioactivity
Learning Outcomes Remarks
(Notes, equations, examples, etc.) I should be able to:
13.1 Radioactive decay a) Explain and
decays.
b) State decay law and use
c) Define and determine
activity, and decay
constant, .
d) Derive and use
or
e) Define and use half- life,
13.2 Radioisotopes as tracers a) Explain the application of
radioisotopes as tracers.