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Mathematics Formulae for School Students M. D. Raghu

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Page 1: Mathematics Formulae

Mathematics Formulae

for School Students

M. D. Raghu

Page 2: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

Β©2014 MDR www.learningforknowledge.com/glg

π’™π’Ž .𝒙𝒏=π’™π’Ž+𝒏

π’™π’Ž

𝒙𝒏 =π’™π’Žβˆ’π’

(π’™π’Ž)𝒏=π’™π’Žπ’

𝒙𝒑𝒒=

π’’βˆšπ’™π’‘

Algebra

Indices Logarithms

logπ’ƒπ’™π’š=log𝒃𝒙+ logπ’ƒπ’š

logπ’ƒπ’™π’š

=log𝑏 π’™βˆ’ log𝒃 π’š

log𝒃𝒙𝒏=𝒏 log𝒃𝒙

log𝒂𝒙=log𝑏𝒙log𝒃𝒂

Page 3: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Algebra

Quadratic Equations

(π‘Ž2βˆ’π‘2 )=(π‘Žβˆ’π‘)(π‘Ž+𝑏)

(π‘Žβˆ’π‘)2=π‘Ž2βˆ’2π‘Žπ‘+𝑏2(π‘Ž+𝑏 )2=π‘Ž2+2π‘Žπ‘+𝑏2

Binomial Expansion

Page 4: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Algebra

Binomial Theorem

h𝑀 π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘›πΆπ‘Ÿ=𝑛 !

(π‘›βˆ’π‘Ÿ )!Γ—π‘Ÿ !

Page 5: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Arithmetic

𝒕𝒏=π’‚π’“π’βˆ’πŸ

𝒓=π’•π’π’•π’βˆ’πŸ

Arithmetic Series

π‘Ž ,π‘Ž+𝑑 ,π‘Ž+2𝑑 ,…Geometric Series

π‘Ž ,π‘Žπ‘Ÿ ,π‘Žπ‘Ÿ2 ,…

Page 6: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Arithmetic

Complex Numbers

(π’›πŸΒ± π’›πŸ )=π’›πŸ . π’›πŸ

𝒛 𝒛=|𝒛|𝟐

|π’›πŸ . π’›πŸ|=|π’›πŸ||π’›πŸ|

Page 7: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Arithmetic

Parametric Complex Numbers

De Moivre’s Theorem

(𝐜𝐨𝐬𝜽+π’Šπ¬π’π§ 𝜽 )𝒏=πœπ¨π¬π’πœ½+π’Šπ¬π’π§π’πœ½

𝒛=𝒓 (𝐜𝐨𝐬𝜽+π’Šπ¬π’π§ 𝜽 )

𝒓=|𝒛|=βˆšπ’™πŸ+π’šπŸ

Page 8: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

Β©2014 MDR www.learningforknowledge.com/glg

Analytical Geomtery

Line Coordinates and Gradients

Page 9: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

Β©2014 MDR www.learningforknowledge.com/glg

Analytical Geomtery

Line Equations

Page 10: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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π’”π’Šπ’πœ½=π’šπ’“

𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽=𝒙𝒓

π’•π’‚π’πœ½=π’šπ’™

𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝜽=π’“π’š

𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝜽=𝒓𝒙

𝒄𝒐𝒕 𝜽=π’™π’š

Trigonometry

Ratios

x

y

r

ΞΈ

Page 11: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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cosβˆ’1𝒙𝒓

=𝜽

sinβˆ’1π’šπ’“

=𝜽

tanβˆ’1π’šπ’™

=𝜽 cotβˆ’1π’™π’š

=𝜽

c o se cβˆ’1π’“π’š

=𝜽

secβˆ’1𝒓𝒙

=𝜽

Trigonometry

Inverse of Ratios

x

y

r

ΞΈ

Page 12: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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tan𝜽=¿sin𝜽cos𝜽

ΒΏ

tan 2𝜽+1=sec 2𝜽

sin 2𝜽+cos2𝜽=1

cosec 𝜽=𝟏sin 𝜽

Trigonometry

Identities

sec𝜽=𝟏cos𝜽

cot 𝜽=cos𝜽sin 𝜽

cot 2𝜽+1=cosec 2𝜽

tan πœ½Γ—cot 𝜽=1

Page 13: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Trigonometry

Products

2cos 𝐴 cos𝐡=cos (π΄βˆ’π΅ )+cos ( 𝐴+𝐡 )

2cos 𝐴 sin𝐡=sin ( 𝐴+𝐡 )βˆ’ sin ( π΄βˆ’π΅ )

2sin 𝐴 cos𝐡=sin ( 𝐴+𝐡 )+sin ( π΄βˆ’π΅ )

2sin 𝐴sin 𝐡=cos ( π΄βˆ’π΅ )βˆ’ cos ( 𝐴+𝐡 )

Page 14: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Trigonometry

Sums

cos𝐢+cos𝐷=2cos(𝐢+𝐷 )2

Γ— cos(πΆβˆ’π· )2

sinπΆβˆ’sin𝐷=2cos(𝐢+𝐷 )2

Γ—sin(πΆβˆ’π· )2

cosπΆβˆ’ cos𝐷=βˆ’2sin(𝐢+𝐷 )2

Γ—sin(πΆβˆ’π· )2

sin𝐢+sin𝐷=2sin(𝐢+𝐷 )2

Γ—cos(πΆβˆ’π· )2

Page 15: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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tan ( π΄βˆ’π΅ )= tan π΄βˆ’ tan𝐡1+ tan 𝐴 tan𝐡

sin ( π΄βˆ’π΅ )=sin 𝐴cos π΅βˆ’ cos 𝐴 sin𝐡

cos ( 𝐴+𝐡 )=cos 𝐴cos π΅βˆ’ sin 𝐴sin𝐡

sin ( 𝐴+𝐡 )=sin 𝐴 cos𝐡+cos 𝐴sin𝐡

cos ( π΄βˆ’π΅ )=cos 𝐴 cos𝐡+sin 𝐴sin𝐡

tan ( 𝐴+𝐡 )= tan 𝐴+ tan𝐡1βˆ’ tan 𝐴 tan𝐡

Trigonometry

Compound Angles

Page 16: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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𝑨=πŸπŸπ’“πŸπœ½

𝝅 π’“π’‚π’…π’Šπ’‚π’π’”=πŸπŸ–πŸŽΒ°

π’‚πŸ=π’ƒπŸ+π’„πŸβˆ’πŸπ’ƒπ’„cos𝑨

𝒂sin 𝑨

=𝒃

sin𝑩=

𝒄sinπ‘ͺ

𝒔=𝒓 𝜽

𝑨=πŸπŸπ’‚π’ƒsinπ‘ͺ

Trigonometry

Rules

Sine Rule

Cosine Rule

Area of a triangle

Radians

Length of arc

Area of sector

Page 17: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Trigonometry

General Solutions

sin (90βˆ’πœƒ)=cosπœƒ

cos (90βˆ’πœƒ )=sinπœƒ

tan (90βˆ’πœƒ )=cot πœƒ

Complementary angles Multiple angles

Page 18: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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𝑃=2𝑙+2𝑏 𝐴=𝑙𝑏

𝐢=2πœ‹ π‘Ÿ 𝐴=πœ‹ π‘Ÿ2

Geometry

Perimeter AreaShape

a

b

ch

l

b

r

𝑃=π‘Ž+𝑏+𝑐 𝐴=12𝑏 h

𝑠=12(π‘Ž+𝑏+𝑐) 𝐴=βˆšπ‘  (π‘ βˆ’π‘Ž ) (π‘ βˆ’π‘) (π‘ βˆ’π‘ )

Page 19: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Geometry

Surface AreaShape Volume

𝑉=43πœ‹ π‘Ÿ3

𝑉=πœ‹ π‘Ÿ2h

Sphere

Cylinder

Cone

𝑉=13πœ‹π‘Ÿ2h

Page 20: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Geometry

Surface AreaShape Volume

𝑉=𝑙3

𝑉= h𝑙𝑏

𝑉= (𝐡𝐴 )h

Cube

Cuboid

Prism

Page 21: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Geometry

Conic Sections

π‘₯2

π‘Ž2+ 𝑦2

𝑏2=1

AlgebraicShape Parametric

Circle

Ellipse

Hyperbolae

π‘₯2

π‘Ž2βˆ’π‘¦ 2

𝑏2=1 π‘₯=π‘Ž sec πœƒ , 𝑦=𝑏 tan πœƒ

Page 22: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Geometry

Conic Sections

π‘₯2=4π‘Žπ‘¦

Algebraic EquationShape

Parabola

General Equation to a Conic

Page 23: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Calculus

Limits

limπ‘₯β†’ 0

sinπœƒπœƒ

=1 limπ‘›β†’βˆž

π‘Žπ‘₯𝑛

=π‘Ž

Incremental Limits

𝑑𝑦𝑑π‘₯

= 𝑓 β€² (π‘₯ )=limhβ†’0

𝑓 (π‘₯+h )βˆ’ 𝑓 (π‘₯)h

Page 24: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Calculus

Differentiation

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑦= 𝑓 (π‘₯ )π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 𝑦 β€²= 𝑓 β€² (π‘₯ )=𝑑𝑦𝑑π‘₯

c 0

Page 25: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Calculus

Differentiation Rules

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑒= 𝑓 (π‘₯ )π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 𝑣=𝑔 (π‘₯ )

Product Rule Quotient Rule

Page 26: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Calculus

Differentiation Rules

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑒=𝑔 (π‘₯ )π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 𝑦= 𝑓 (𝑒)

𝑑𝑦𝑑π‘₯

=𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑒.𝑑𝑒𝑑π‘₯

Chain Rule or Composite Function Rule

Gradient

𝑑𝑦𝑑π‘₯

π‘œπ‘“ 𝑓 (π‘₯ )π‘Žπ‘‘ π‘π‘œπ‘–π‘›π‘‘ (π‘₯1 , 𝑦1 )=π‘š

Page 27: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Calculus

Integration

k

Page 28: Mathematics Formulae

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Calculus

Integration Rules

βˆ«π‘Ž

𝑏

𝑓 β€² (π‘₯ )β…† π‘₯= 𝑓 (𝑏)βˆ’ 𝑓 (π‘Ž)

∫ 𝑓 (π‘₯ )𝑔 (π‘₯ )β…† π‘₯= 𝑓 (π‘₯ )βˆ«π‘” (π‘₯ )β…† π‘₯βˆ’βˆ¬π‘” (π‘₯ )β…† π‘₯𝑑𝑓 (π‘₯)β…† π‘₯

Volume Integral

𝑉=πœ‹βˆ«π‘Ž

𝑏

𝑦2β…† π‘₯

Page 29: Mathematics Formulae

FORMULAEFOR STUDENTSMATHEMATICS

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Author: M. D. Raghu

Email: [email protected]

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