marketing capsule fr sbi po

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www.bankersadda.com | www.careerpower.in | www.careeradda.co.in MARKETING CAPSULE FOR SBI PO 2014 EXAM Dear readers, As you all know that Marketing section was included in SBI PO syllabus from 2010 onwards. So here we are presenting to you the last three years Marketing questions which was asked in SBI PO exam. Also we are providing you some expected marketing questions which can be asked in upcoming SBI PO 2014 exam. Marketing is the process of communicating the value of a product or service to customers, for the purpose of selling that product or service. Marketing can be looked at as an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, delivering and communicating value to customers, and customer relationship management that also benefits the organization. Marketing is the science of choosing target markets through market analysis and market segmentation, as well as understanding consumer behavior and providing superior customer value. From a societal point of view, marketing is the link between a society’s material requirements and its economic patterns of response. Marketing satisfies these needs and wants through exchange processes and building long term relationships. Marketing may be defined in several ways, depending on the role of the advertised enterprise in relation to the strategic role in positioning the firm within its competitive market. The main definition is often credited to Philip Kotler, recognized as the originator of the most recent developments in the field, for the works that appeared from 1967 to 2009. 7 Ps of Marketing: 4 Cs of Marketing: 5 Ms of Marketing: 1. Product 1. Customer needs & wants 1. Market 2. Price 2. Cost to the customer 2. Management 3. Promotion 3. Communication 3. Money 4. Place 4. Channel 4. Manpower 5. Physical Evidence 5. Manufacturing 6. Positioning 7. People Marketing Questions Asked in SBI PO Exams from 2010 1. Market research is useful for ____? (1) Deciding proper marketing strategies (2) Deciding the selling price (3) choosing the right products (4) choosing the sales person (5) All of these Ans. (5) 2. A call means: (1) shout out to somebody (2) profession or business (3) visiting friends (4) visiting prospective customers (5) after‐sales service Ans. (4)

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Page 1: Marketing Capsule Fr Sbi Po

 

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MARKETINGCAPSULEFORSBIPO2014EXAM

Dearreaders,AsyouallknowthatMarketingsectionwasincludedinSBIPOsyllabusfrom2010onwards.SoherewearepresentingtoyouthelastthreeyearsMarketingquestionswhichwasaskedinSBIPOexam.AlsoweareprovidingyousomeexpectedmarketingquestionswhichcanbeaskedinupcomingSBIPO2014exam. Marketingistheprocessofcommunicatingthevalueofaproductorservicetocustomers,forthepurposeofsellingthatproductorservice.Marketingcanbelookedatasanorganizationalfunctionandasetofprocessesforcreating,deliveringandcommunicatingvaluetocustomers,andcustomerrelationshipmanagementthatalsobenefitstheorganization.Marketingisthescienceofchoosingtargetmarketsthroughmarketanalysisandmarketsegmentation,aswellasunderstandingconsumerbehaviorandprovidingsuperiorcustomervalue.Fromasocietalpointofview,marketingisthelinkbetweenasociety’smaterialrequirementsanditseconomicpatternsofresponse.Marketingsatisfiestheseneedsandwantsthroughexchangeprocessesandbuildinglongtermrelationships.Marketingmaybedefinedinseveralways,dependingontheroleoftheadvertisedenterpriseinrelationtothestrategicroleinpositioningthefirmwithinitscompetitivemarket.ThemaindefinitionisoftencreditedtoPhilipKotler,recognizedastheoriginatorofthemostrecentdevelopmentsinthefield,fortheworksthatappearedfrom1967to2009.7PsofMarketing: 4CsofMarketing: 5MsofMarketing:1.Product 1.Customerneeds&wants 1.Market2.Price 2.Costtothecustomer 2.Management3.Promotion 3.Communication 3.Money4.Place 4.Channel 4.Manpower5.PhysicalEvidence 5.Manufacturing6.Positioning7.People

MarketingQuestionsAskedinSBIPOExamsfrom20101. Marketresearchisusefulfor____?

(1)Decidingpropermarketingstrategies(2)Decidingthesellingprice(3)choosingtherightproducts(4)choosingthesalesperson(5)Allofthese Ans.(5)

2. Acallmeans:(1)shoutouttosomebody(2)professionorbusiness(3)visitingfriends(4)visitingprospectivecustomers(5)after‐salesservice Ans.(4)

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3. Conversionmeans:(1)meetingaprospectiveclient(2)interactingwithaprospectiveclient(3)convertinganemployerintoanemployee(4)convertingasellerintoabuyer(5)convertingaprospectiveclientintoabuyerAns.(5)

4. Customizationmeans:

(1)acquiringmorecustomers(2)regulatingcustomers(3)specialproductstosuiteachcustomer(4)moreproductspercustomer(5)Allofthese Ans.(3)

5. Modernstyleofmarketinginclude(1)digitalmarketing(2)tele‐marketing(3)e‐commerce(4)e‐mailssolicitation(5)Allofthese Ans.(5)

6. E‐Marketingisthesameas(1)virtualmarketing(2)digitalmarketing(3)realtimemarketing(4)allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans.(4)

7. Value‐addedservicesmeans

(1)costlierproducts(2)largenumberofproducts(3)additionalservices(4)atparservices(5)Noneofthese Ans.(3)

8. AggressiveMarketingisnecessitateddueto:(1)globalization(2)increasedcompetition(3)increasedproduction(4)increasedjobopportunities(5)Allofthese Ans.(2)

9. EfficientMarketingstylesrequire(1)properplanning(2)goodcommunicationskills(3)teamwork(4)knowledgeofproducts(5)Allofthese Ans.(5)

10. Theperformanceofasalespersondependson(1)salarypaid(2)salesincentivepaid(3)sizesofthesalesteam(4)abilityandwillingnessofthesalesperson(5)teamleaderaggressiveness Ans.(4)

11. Thesoleaimofmarketingisto(1)increasesales(2)increasethenumberofemployees(3)increaseprofits(4)increaseproduction(5)Allofthese Ans.(1)

12. Leadgenerationmeans(1)tipsforsellingtactics(2)tipsforbetterproduction(3)generatingleaders(4)likelysourcesforprospectiveclients(5)Allofthese Ans.(4)

13. Findthecorrectstatement:(1)Marketingisredundantinmonopolisticcompanies(2)Theperformanceofasalespersondependsontheamountofincentivespaid(3)Marketingisinfluencedbypeerperformance.(4)Anincreaseinmarketsharesindicatesfallinbusinessvolume.(5)AmissionstatementispartoftheCompany'sProspectus.Ans.(5)

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14. Whichofthefollowingisthefirststepinthe'transactionprocessingcycle',whichcapturesbusinessdatathroughvariousmodessuchasopticalscanningoratanelectroniccommercewebsite?(1)Documentandreportgeneration(2)Databasemaintenance(3)Transactionprocessing(4)DataEntry(5)Noneofthese Ans.(1)

15. CRM(CustomerRelationshipManagement)is(1)Apre‐salesactivity(2)Atoolforleadgeneration(3)Anongoingdailyactivity(4)ThetaskofaDSA(5)Alloftheabove Ans.(5)

16. Bancassurancecanbesoldto(1)Allbanks(2)Allinsurancecompanies(3)InsuranceAgents(4)Allexistingandprospectivebankcustomers(5)Alloftheabove Ans.(4)

17. Cross‐sellingisnoteffectiveforwhichoneofthefollowingproducts?(1)DebitCards(2)SavingsAccounts(3)InternetBanking(4)Pensionloans(5)Personalloans Ans.(2)

18. WhichofthefollowingisnotinvolvedintheGrowthStrategiesofacompany?(1)Horizontalintegration(2)VerticalIntegration(3)Diversification(4)Intensification(5)Noneofthese Ans.(4)

19. Asuccessful"BlueOcean"requires(1)Effectivecommunication(2)Innovativeskills(3)Motivation(4)Alloftheabove(5)Noneofthese Ans.(4)

20. Cross‐sellingisabasicfunctionof(1)Allemployers(2)Allemployees(3)Allsalespersons(4)PlanningDepartment(5)Alloftheabove Ans.(3)

21. Dataminingmeansanalyzingthedatastoredwith(1)TheDSA(2)Thefront‐officestaff

(3)Theback‐officestaff(4)Thecustomers(5)Noneofthese Ans.(3)

22. SMEmeans(1)SellingandMarketingEstablishment(2)SellingandManagingEmployee(3)SalesandMarketingEmployee(4)SmallandMediumEnterprises(5)Noneofthese Ans.(4)

23. Oneofthefollowingisnotincludedinthe7P'sofMarketing.Findthesame.(1)Product (2)Price(3)Production (4)Promotion(5)Noneofthese Ans.(3)

24. ThetargetgroupoftheSMEloansis

(1)Allbusinessmen(2)Allprofessionals(3)AllSSIs (4)Alloftheabove(5)Noneofthese Ans.(3)

25. Homeloanscanbebestcanvassedamong(1)Builders (2)Flatowners(3)Landdevelopers (4)Agriculturist(5)IndividualwantingtobuyaflatorhouseAns.(5)

26. OnlineMarketingisthefunctionofwhichofthefollowing(1)Purchasesection(2)ProductionDepartment(3)ITDepartment(4)DesignSection(5)Acollectivefunctionofallstaff Ans.(5)

27. Customizationisusefulfor(1)Designingcustomerspecificproduct(2)Callcentres(3)Publicity(4)Motivatingthestaff(5)Coldcalls Ans.(1)

28. Thekeychallengetomarket‐drivenstrategyis(1)Sellingmaximumproducts(2)EmployingmaximumDSAs(3)Deliveringsuperiorvaluetocustomers(4)Beingrigidtochanges(5)Adoptingshot‐termvision Ans.(3)

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29. Effectivesellingskillsdependson(1)Sizeofthesalesteam(2)Ageofthesalesteam(3)Peerstrength(4)Knowledgelevelofthesalesteam(5)Educationallevelofthesalesteam Ans.(3)

30. Generationofsalesleadcanbeimprovedby(1)beingverytalkative(2)increasingpersonelandprofessionalcontact(3)beingpassive(4)engagingrecoveryagent(5)productdesigns Ans.(2)

31. Amarketplanis

(1)performanceappraisalofthemarketingstaff(2)companyprospectus(3)documentedmarketingstrategy(4)businesstargets(5)callcenter Ans.(3)

32. Marketingchannelsmeans(1)deliveryobjects(2)salestarget(3)deliveryoutlets(4)deliveryboys(5)salesteams Ans.(3)

33. Socialmarketingis(1)sharemarketprices(2)marketingbytheentiresociety(3)internetmarketing(4)marketingforthesocialcause(5)societybye‐laws Ans.(4)

34. Servicemarketingisthesameas(1)internetmarketing(2)telemarketing(3)internalmarketing(4)relationshipmarketing(5)transactionmarketing Ans.(4)

35. Market‐drivenstrategyincludes(1)identifyingproblems(2)planningmarketingtacticsofpeers(3)positioningtheorganizationanditsbrandsinthemarketplace(4)internalmarketing(5)sellingoldproducts Ans.(3)

36. Innovationinmarketingissameas(1)motivation (2)perspiration(3)aspiration (4)creativity(5)teamwork Ans.(4)

37. Personalloanscanbecanvassedamong(1)salariedperson (2)pensioners(3)foreignnationals (4)NRICustomers(5)Non‐customers Ans.(1)

SomeExpectedMarketingQuestionsForSBIPO2014ExamQ.1.Marketexpansionmeans:(1)Hiringmorestaff(2)Buyingmoreproducts(3)firingmorestaff(4)Buyingmorecompanies(5)Noneofthese Ans:5Q.2.Effectivemarketinghelpsin‐(1)Developingnewproducts(2)Creatingacompetitiveenvironment(3)Buildingdemandforproduct(4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.3.Agoodsellershouldhavethefollowingqualities‐(1)Developingthework (2)Submissive(3)Sympathy (4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:4

Q.4.Oneofthefollowingisatargetforthemarketingofinternetbanking‐(1)Allthecustomers(2)Alltheeducatedcustomers(3)Allthecomputereducatedcustomers(4)Onlycreditors(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.5.Plannedcostservicemeans‐(1)costlyproducts(2)extraprofitonthesamecost(3)extraworkbyseller(4)allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.6.Ruralmarketingisnotrequiredbecause‐(1)Ruralpeopledonotunderstandmarketing(2)Itisnotpracticalfromthecostpointofview

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(3)Itissheerwastageoftime(4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:5Q.7.InConsumerbehavior'Perceptionisaprocessthroughwhich‐(1)aconsumermakeultimatepurchasing(2)aconsumerissatisfied(3)aconsumer'smindreceives,organizesandinterpretsphysicaltime(4)Both1and2(5)Alloftheabove Ans:3Q.8.Saleforecastimplies‐(1)anestimateofthemaximumpossiblesalesopportunitiespresentinaparticularmarketsegment.(2)anestimateofsales,inphysicalunits,inafutureperiod(3)Estimatingthenumberofsalespersonrequiredtosellaproduct.(4)Both1and2(5)Neither1nor2 Ans:4Q.9.Advertisingfor.............isnotallowedonT.V.(1)Liquor (2)Cigrattes(3)Both1and2 (4)Soaps(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.10.Entrepreneursfinddirectmarketingattractivebecauseof‐(1)Investmentislow(2)Itdoesn'trequiredspecializedskills(3)Returnsarequick(4)Allofabove(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.11.Atheorystatesthatnomatterhowefficientlygoods/serviceareproduced,iftheycannotbedeliveredtothecustomerinthequickestpossibletimeitisvain‐thistheoryiscalled‐(1)Quickestthebest (2)Instantservice(3)Serviceontime (4)Timelyeffort(5)Mattertheory Ans:2Q.12.Demonstrationisanexercisesto‐(1)attractivelypackanddisplaythegoods(2)Provethecharacteristicoftheproduct(3)Both1and2(4)Windowshop(5)Neither1nor2Ans:2Q.13.Inselling"Consumption"istheultimategoalofthesaleswhileamarketer‐(1)Identifiesconsumerneedsandwants.(2)Developanappropriateproduct/servicetoattaincustomersatisfaction.(3)Accomplishorganizationalgoalsthroughintegratedmarketingapproach

(4)alloftheabove.(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.14.'Casual'researchisbasicallyconcernedwith‐(1)Establishingcauseandeffortrelationship(2)Arrivingataforecastorpredictionofinterest.(3)measuringandestimatingthefrequencieswithwhichofthingsoccur(4)Allofabove(5)Noneofthese Ans:1

Q.15.Amethodinwhichbrandequityismeasuredbycomparingdifferencebetweentheretailpriceofthebrandandtheretailpriceofanunbrandedproductinsamecategoryiscalled‐(1)Brandgoodwillmethod(2)pricepremiummethod(3)Productionmethod(3)Both1and2(4)Neither1nor2 Ans:2Q.16.BankMarketingmeans‐(1)SellingofBanks(2)MergerofBanks(3)Sellingbank'sproductsandservices(4)Noneofthese(5)Allofthese Ans:3

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Q.17.Creditcardsareusedfor‐(1)Cashwithdrawals(2)Purchaseofairtickets(3)Purchaseofconsumableitemsfromretailoutlets(4)allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.18.Homeloansaregrantedto‐(1)Individuals (2)Institutions(3)Builders (4)allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:1

Q.19.ATMsare‐(1)BranchesofBanks(2)MannedcountersofBanks(3)Unmannedcashdispensers(4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.20.Relationshipsellingmeans‐(1)Preparingalistofrelatives(2)Crossselling(3)Sellingtorelatives(4)Sellingtostrangers(5)Telemarketing Ans:2Q.21.Properpricingisneededfor‐(1)Extrachargesofextraservices(2)LevyofVAT(3)Goodcustomerservices(4)Puttingburdenonthecustomers(5)Depositingmoneyinbank. Ans:3Q.22.TheabbreviationISPstandsfor‐(1)InternationalSpyProject(2)IndianSocialPlanning(3)InitialServiceProvider(4)InternetServiceProvider(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.23.ESOPstandfor‐(1)EfficientServiceofPromises(2)EffectiveSystemofProjects(3)EmployeeStockOptionPlan(4)EssentialSecurityofProject(5)EquityStockOptionPlan Ans:3Q.24.Thebalancesheetofanorganizationgivesinformationregarding‐(1)ResultofoperationsforaparticularPeriod(2)Thefinancialpositionasonaparticulardate(3)Theoperatingefficiencyofafirm.(4)Financialpositionduringaparticularperiod

(5)Alloftheabove Ans:2Q.25.Theadvantageoftelephoneintervieware‐(1)Relativelylowcostperinterview(2)Goodforreachingimportantpeoplewhoareinaccessible(3)SecuringCo‐operationwhichisnotalwayspossible(4)Allofthese(5)Both1&2 Ans:5Q.26.Thebestadvertisementis‐(1)Glowsignboards (2)Oninternet(3)TVmedia (4)Printmedia(5)AsatisfiedCustomer Ans:5Q.27.AcidTestofabrandis‐(1)Brandpreference (2)Brandawareness(3)Brandloyalty (4)Brandequity(5)Bandacceptability Ans:3Q.28.Inbanksloansandadvancesareconsideredas‐(1)Assets (2)liabilities(3)Resources (4)causeofexpenditure(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.29.Inthecontextofglobalization,BPOmeans‐(1)BritishPetroleumOrganization(2)BritishPassportOffice(3)BusinessProcessOutsourcing(4)BusinessProcessOrientation(5)Alloftheabove Ans:3Q.30.Modernmethodofmarketinginclude‐(1)Publicityonthenet(2)Advertisementonthenet(3)Solicitingbusinessthroughe‐mails(4)Both1and2(5)Alloftheabove Ans:5Q.31.Foreffectivemarketingthesalesmenshouldhavewhichofthesequalities‐(1)Creativity (2)Teamspirit(3)Motivation (4)Effectivecommunicationskill(5)Allofthese Ans:5Q.32.MarketResearchisneededfor‐(1)Decidingthemarketarea(2)Decidingtheright‐producttobesold.(3)Makingpropermarketingdecisions(4)Decidingrighttimetosell(5)Allofthese Ans:5

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Q.33.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue‐(1)Marketingmakesthecompanytogointolossduetohigherexpense(2)Marketingisnotrequiredinprofitmakingcompanies(3)Marketingsharpensthemindoftheemployees(4)Marketingiswastageoftime.(5)Allofthese Ans:3Q.34.Marketingplanhelpsin‐(1)Betterleadgeneration(2)Bettersystems(3)Betterresults(4)Bettercustomerservice(5)Alloftheabove Ans:5Q.35.Motivationmeans‐(1)Inspiringemployeestoperformbetter(2)Bettercommunicationskills(3)Salescoaching(4)Marketresearch(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.36.InaMarketingprocessintoday'sworld‐(1)Onlystandardproductsaresold(2)Thesellerneedstohaveproductknowledge(3)Thesellershouldensurecustomersatisfaction(4)Onlyquantumofsalesmatters.(5)Allofthese Ans:3Q.37.Saleforecastinginvolves‐(1)Salesplanning (2)salespricing(3)Distributionchannel (4)ConsumerTastes(5)Allofthese Ans:5Q.38.Inadditiontoproduct,price,promotion,theaugmentedmarketingmixforservicesincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT;(1)People (2)Packaging(3)Process (4)Physicalevidence(5)Both1and2 Ans:2Q.39.Dumpingrelatestothesaleof‐(1)Productsinforeignmarketsthatcannotbesoldinthehomemarket(2)Productsdiscontinuedinthehomemarketsoldtoaforeignmarket(3)Productioninforeignmarketsthatcannotpasssafetystandardsinthehomemarket(4)Noneofthese(5)Allofthese Ans:2Q.40.Thefollowingdoesnotrepresentamarketsituation‐(1)Abankrundispensarylocatedinits,staffquarters.(2)AfundraisingcharityshowforthemembersofanNGO

(3)Ameditationcampofareligiousorganizationconcludedforitsmembers.(4)AstalldistributingKadaPrasadinaGurudwara(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.41.Thefollowingofferingisnotaservice‐(1)Fixeddepositreceipt(2)Postagestamp(3)Insurancepolicy (4)Giftcouponofthechainstore.(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.42.Theactofobtainingadesiredobjectfromsomeonebyofferingsomeinreturniscalledasa‐(1)Transaction (2)Exchange(3)Relationship (4)Value(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.43._______isagroupofrelatedproductsthatfunctioninasimilarmanner,aresoldtothesamecustomergroupsandmarketedthroughthesametypeoftheoutlets.(1)Group (2)Productline(3)Category (4)Market(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.44.Goodsthataretypicallyboughtbyconsumerbasedonacomparisonofsuitability,qualitypriceandstylearecalled‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐goods‐(1)Industrial (2)Specialty(3)Shopping (4)Convenience(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.45.Outofthefollowing‐‐‐‐‐‐isnotanobjectiveofpricing‐(1)Profit(2)Stabilizingdemandansalesoftheproduct(3)Improvementinproductquality(4)Expansionofbusiness.(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.46.Outthefollowing‐‐‐‐‐‐‐isnotthethreeleveloftheproduct‐(1)Core (2)Symbolic(3)Augmented (4)fragmented(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.47.Ofthefollowingpricingmethods‐‐‐‐‐isnotfornewproduct‐(1)Marketskimming (2)Penetration(3)Discriminatorypricing (4)Noneofthese(5)Alloftheabove Ans:1Q.48.Inmarketskimmingpricingstrategy‐‐‐‐‐(1)Initiallypriceislowerthanitisreduced(2)Initiallypriceishigherthanitisreduced(3)Initialpriceishighandismaintainedhigh(4)Noneofthese(5)Allofthese Ans:2

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Q.49.BankofMathuraisofferinghigherinterest‐ratioonfixeddeposittoseniorcitizensof60yearsandabove‐Itispracticing‐(1)Promotionalpricing (2)Psychologicalpricing(3)Segmentalpricing (4)Productmixpricing(5)Allofthese Ans:3

Q.50.With‐‐‐‐pricing,theproductsarepricedbelowlistprice(orevencost)foratemporaryperiodtocreatebuyingurgency‐(1)Reference (2)By‐product(3)Promotional (4)Marketpenetration(5)Allofthese Ans:3Q.51.Regulationthatarisetoensurethatfirmtakesresponsibilityforthesocialcostsoftheirproductsorproductionprocessesstemfromwhichreasonforgovernmentlegislationofbusiness‐(1)Toprotectcompaniesfromeachother.(2)Toprotectcompaniesfromunfairbusinesspractices.(3)Toprotecttheinterestsofthesociety.(4)Tobusinessesfromunfairconsumerdemands.(5)Allofthese Ans:3Q.52.Thelaststageinsellingprocess‐(1)approach (2)handlingobjections(3)closing (4)followup(5)Allofthese Ans:4

Q.53.TheMajoradvantageofsurveyresearchisits‐(1)Simplicity (2)Structure(3)Organization (4)flexibility(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.54.A‐‐‐‐‐isanyactivityorbenefitofferedforsalethatisessentiallyintangibleanddoesnotresultintheownershipofanything.(1)Demand (2)Basicstaple(3)Product (4)Service(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.55.______isaperson'sdistinguishingpsychologicalcharacteristicsthat‐leadtorelativelyconsistentandlastingresponseshisorherownenvironment‐(1)Psychographics (2)Personality(3)Demographics (4)lifestyle.(5)Allofthese Ans:2Q.56.Theplaninthebusinessbuyingbehaviourmodelwhereinterpersonalandindividualinfluencemightinteractiscalledthe‐(1)Environment (2)Response(3)Stimuli (4)Buyingcenter(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.57.Thecourseofaproduct'ssaleandprofitoveritslifetimeiscalled‐(1)Thesaleschart(2)Thedynamicgrowthcurve.(3)Theadoptionprocess(4)Theproductlifecycle.(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.58.AllofthefollowingarethoughttobesourcesofnewproductideasExcept‐(1)InternalSources (2)Customers(3)Competitors (4)Locallibrary(5)Allofthese Ans:3Q.59.IfHondausesitscompanynametocoversuchdifferentproductsasitsautomobileslawnmowersandmotorcycles,itispracticingwhichofthefollowing‐(1)Newbrandstrategy(2)Liveextensionstrategy(3)Multibandstrategy(4)Brandextensionstrategy(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.60.Ifacompany(consideringitsoptionsontheproduct/marketexpansiongrid)choosestomoveintodifferentunrelatedfields(fromwhatithaseverdonebefore)withnewproductsasameanstostimulategrowth,thecompanywouldbefollowingwhichofthefollowinggeneralstrategies.(1)Market‐Penetration(2)Marketdevelopment

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(3)Productdevelopment(4)Diversification(5)Allofthese Ans:4Q.61.Whenthemarketresearchorganizationchoosesasegmentofthepopulationthatrepresentsthepopulationasawhole,theyhavechosena‐(1)Group (2)Bi‐variant‐population(3)Sample (4)MarketTarget(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.62.Joiningwithforeigncompaniestoproduceormarketproductandserviceiscalled‐(1)Directexporting(2)Indirectexporting(3)Licensing(4)Joint‐Venturing(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.63.A‐‐‐isaname,term,sign,symbolordesignoracombinationofthesethatidentifiedthemarketorsellerofaproductorservice‐(1)Productfeature (2)Sponsorship(3)Brand (4)Logo(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.64.Thestudyofhumanpopulationintermsofsize,density,age,gender,race,occupationandotherstatisticsiscalled:(1)Geothermic (2)Demography(3)Ethnography (4)Geography(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.65.Theprocessthatturnsmarketingstrategiesandplansintomarketingactioninordertoaccomplishstrategicmarketingobjectiveiscalled‐(1)Marketingstrategy(2)MarketingControl(3)Marketinganalysis(4)Marketingimplementation(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.66.Ifyourcompanyweretomakeaproduct‐suchassuitofclothesandsellthatproductyourcompanywillcomeunderwhichsector?(1)Retailer (2)Business(3)Government (4)Service(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.67.Costthatdonotvarywithproductionorsaleslevelarecalled‐(1)fixedcosts (2)Variablecost(3)Standardcosts (4)Independent‐costs(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.68.ConsumerInformationsource‐(1)Personalsourceandcommercialsource(2)Publicsource(3)experientialsource

(4)alloftheabove(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.69.Zero‐basedbudgeting(ZBB)means‐(1)Atoolofmarketingcost(2)atoolforfinancialanalysis(3)eachyear,budgetingstartsfromascratch.(4)acertainpercentageofsales(5)both1&2. Ans:3

Q.70.WhichofthefollowingexpressesMaslow'sMotivationtheorybest‐‐‐‐(1)ImportanceofMotivationforcustomerdevelopment(2)Whypeoplearedrivenbyparticularneedatparticulartimes.(3)Wherehumanneedsarearrangedinahierarchy.(4)Alloftheabove(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.71.Thelongtermobjectiveofmarketingis‐(1)Customersatisfaction(2)Profitmaximization(3)Costcutting(4)Profitmaximizationwithcustomersatisfaction(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.72.Whichamongthefollowingisstatisticalindicatorforequalityinincomedistribution‐(1)GiniCoefficient (2)PriceIndices(3)GNP (4)GDP(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.73.Shorttermplanningfocuseson‐(1)Functionalplans (2)Longtermobjective(3)Specificgoal (4)Both1&3(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.74.InmarketingtermsAttitudecanbestbedefinedasa‐(1)RudebehaviourofSalesperson(2)Rudebehaviourofconsumer(3)Mentalstateofconsumer(4)Egoofthemarketingexecutive(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.75.ReferencegroupinfluencesVis‐a‐Visconsumptiondecisionisafunctionofthe‐‐‐‐(1)ProductCategory(2)Groupcharacteristics(3)Groupcommunicationprocess(4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:4

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Q.76.Justintime(JIT)techniqueisgettingwideracceptanceworldover.Thetechniquewasfirstintroducedin‐(1)India (2)America(3)Japan (4)Noneofthese(5)Allofthese Ans:3Q.77.Thelevelofcommitmentthatconsumersfeeltowardsagivenbrandiscalled‐(1)Brandequity (2)BrandName(3)Brandloyalty (4)Noneofthese(5)Allofthese Ans:3

Q.78.AssigningspecificJobsandworkplacestotheselectedcandidatesisknownas‐(1)Placement (2)Recruitment(3)Transfer (4)Promotion(5)Allofthese Ans:1Q.79.Asacouncillor,apersonnelmanager‐(1)Remindsthemanagementofmoralobligationstowardsemployees.(2)Encouragestheemployees.(3)Triestosettlethedisputesbetweenlabour&management.(4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.80.Informationsystemscanassistmanagerby‐(1)Providinginformation(2)Providingdataoninternalsources(3)Directing(4)Alloftheabove(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.81.WarehouseManagementdoesnotinclude‐(1)Spacedetermination (2)Stocklayout(3)Stockdesign (4)Stockplacement(5)Orderpickingprocedure Ans:5Q.82.Amarketingtechniquewheremarketerplaysaspecificroleinaparticularsegmentiscalled‐(1)MassMarketing(2)Nichemarketing(3)StrategicMarketing(4)CommunicationMarketing(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.83.Whichamongthefollowingisnotanexampleofconveniencegoods?(1)Tea (2)Newspaper(3)Coffee (4)Shirts(5)Noneofthese Ans:4

Q.84.InMarketingMix4P’sImply‐(1)Product,Price,Place,Promotion(2)Product,Price,Policy,Place(3)Place,People,Product,Promotion(4)Alloftheabove(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.85.InMarketsegmentationwhichamongthefollowingisnotaneconomiccomponent‐(1)Age (2)Gender(3)Both1and2 (4)Incomelevel(5)Taxes Ans:3Q.86.Whichamongthefollowingisafeatureofgoodforecastingmethod‐(1)Accuracy (2)Simplicity(3)Economy (4)Availability(5)Allofthese Ans:5Q.87.Apersonwhoultimatelydeterminesanypartorwholeofthebuyingdecisioniscalled‐(1)Decider (2)Buyer(3)User (4)Influencer(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.88.Whenafirmsellsoffpartofitsbusinesstoanotheritiscalled‐(1)Diversification (2)Divestment(3)Pruning (4)Strategy(5)Jointventure Ans:2Q.89.BuyerResistancemeans‐(1)Buyersfightingwiththesalesman(2)Reluctantsalesman(3)IndifferentSalesman(4)Hesitantbuyers(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.90.DigitalBankcanberesortedthrough‐(1)Mobilephones (2)Internal(3)Telephones (4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.91.Crosssellingisveryeffectiveinthesaleofoneofthefollowing‐(1)Debit–Card (2)Credit‐Cards(3)Internal‐Banking (4)AutoLoan(5)Allofthese Ans:5Q.92.Targetmarketfordebitcardis‐(1)Allexistingaccountholder(2)Allsalespersons(3)AllNRI’s(4)AllHNI’s(5)Allofthese Ans:1

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Q.93.SMEmeans‐(1)Smallandmediumenterprises(2)Smallscalemarketingentities(3)Small&mediumestablishments(4)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.94.“Out‐sourcingmeansservicerenderedby‐(1)Outsideagencies(2)Otherdepartmentsofthecompany(3)Employeesotherthanthesalesperson(4)Marketingdepartment(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.95.Salespromotioninvolves,theincorrectoption‐(1)Buildingproductawareness(2)Creatinginterest(3)ProvidingIntonation(4)Designingnewproduct(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.96.DSAMeans‐(1)DistrictsalesAuthority(2)DirectSellingAgent(3)DistributorandSalesagent(4)Noneofthese(5)Allofthese Ans:2Q.97.“Conversion”insaleslanguagemeans‐(1)Convertingabuyerintoaseller(2)Convertingasellerintoabuyer(3)Convertingaprospectintocustomer(4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.98.BankMarketingistreatedas‐(1)Transactionmarketing(2)Servicemarketing(3)Indoormarketing (4)allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.99.Leadscanbeprovidedby‐(1)friendsrelatives (2)Websites(3)Directories (4)Allofthese(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.100.Marketingis–Findthewrongoption‐(1)anancientconcept(2)amodernconcept(3)acontinuousaffair(4)ateameffort(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.101.Customer’sRelationshipwiththeBankisinfluencedby‐(1)Customer’sattitudes(2)Attitudeofbankstaff(3)Attitudesofsalesperson(4)Goodservice(5)Allofthese Ans:5

Q.102.DeliverychannelotherthanBankcountersare‐(1)ATM’s(2)InternetBanking(3)MobileBanking(4)TeleBanking(5)Alloftheabove Ans:5

Q.103.TheSequenceofasalesprocessis‐(1)Leadgeneration,call,presentation&sale(2)Sales,presentation,leadgeneration,call(3)Leadgeneration,call,sale&presentation(4)Thereisnosequencerequired(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.104.AutomatedTellermachines(ATMs)areinnovationforthebankingindustry.Intermsoftheserviceindustrythisisaninnovationinthe–elementofthemarketingmix.(1)Pricing (2)Promotion(3)Distribution (4)Product(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.105.AbrandisBESTdefinedasa‐(1)Registereddesignorsymbolthatisdisplayedontheproduct.(2)Relatedgroupofwordsthatdescribetheproduct.(3)Name,symbol,designorcombinationofthesethatidentifiesaseller’sproduct.

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(4)Copyrightedword(s)thatgivethemanufacturerexclusiveownership.(5)Nameofthemanufactureroftheproduct.Ans:3Q.106.OnedistinguishingfactorbetweenabrandnameandabrandisthatabrandName.(1)Createscustomerloyalty(2)Consistsofword(3)Identifiesonlyoneitemintheproductmix(4)Impliesanorganization’sName(5)Noneofthese Ans:2

Q.107.Whenafirmusesoneofitsexistingbrandnameaspartofabrandnameforanimprovedornewproduct,thebrandingiscalled________(1)Individualbranding(2)Overallfamilybranding(3)Linefamilybranding(4)Brandextensionbranding(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.108.Acartonoforangejuicehasnobrandnameandonthepackageonlythenameoftheproduct‘OrangeJuice’iswritten.Thisisanexampleof‐(1)amanufacturer’sbrand(2)anownlabelbrand(3)anofrillsbrand(4)agenericbrand(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.109.When_____brandingisused,allofafirm’sproductsarebrandedwiththesamenameoratleastpartofthename:(1)Individual(2)Trademark(3)Family(4)Selective(5)Extension Ans:3Q.110.Labelingisimportantforthreereasons‐promotionalandlegalreasons.Whatisthethirdreason?(1)Marketing (2)Branding(3)Strategic (4)Informational(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.111.Labelingisimportantforinformational,legal&‐reasons‐(1)Marketing (2)Branding(3)Strategic (4)Promotional(5)Noneofthese Ans:4

Q.112.Thelabelandasoftdrinkcanreads“coolandreforestingforwhatreasonarethesewordsused?(1)Toprovideinformation(2)Toencouragemultiplepurchases(3)Topromotetheproduct(4)Tosatisfylegalrequirements(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.113.Multiplepackagingis‐(1)Likelytoincreasedemand(2)Thesameasfamilypackaging(3)Themosteffectivetypeofpackaging(4)Themostexpensive(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.114.Marketersshouldviewpackagingasamajorstrategictool,especiallyfor‐(1)ConsumerConvenienceproducts(2)Industrialproducts(3)ConsumerShoppingproducts(4)Specialtyproducts(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.115.Thefirststepinsellingprocess‐(1)Pre‐approach(2)approachingthecustomer(3)Makingthepresentations(4)Prospecting(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.116.BeforeContactingacceptableprospects,asalespersonforanindustrialcleaningequipmentcompanyanalyzesinformationabouttheprospects,productneed,feelingaboutbrands,andpersonalcharacteristics.Thisprocessiscalled‐(1)Prospecting(2)preapproach(3)approach(4)makingthepresentation(5)Preparing Ans:5Q.117.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytostimulatecustomerloyalty‐(1)Coupons (2)Sweepstakes(3)Frequentuserincentives (4)Premiums(5)Samples Ans:3Q.118.Agooddefinitionof________wouldbethatitconsistsofdirectconnectionswithcarefullytargetedindividualconsumerstobothobtainanimmediateresponseandcultivatelastingcustomerrelationships‐(1)advertising (2)directmarketing(3)salespromotion (4)publicrelations(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.119.Personalsellingtriestoachievethreegeneralgoalsfindingprospects,convincingprospectstobuyand‐(1)Monitoringnewproductsbeingdeveloped

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(2)Beingawareofcompetitorssalesactivities(3)Avoidingrepeatsales(4)Keepingcustomersatisfied(5)Noneofthese Ans:4Q.120."PureBankingNothingElse"‐AdvertisementtitlebelongstowhichBank?(1)AllahabadBank(2)StateBankofIndia(3)CanaraBank(4)UnionBank(5)IndianOverseasBank Ans:2Q.121.WhichofthefollowingstatementisFALSE?(1)Marketingisaconsumer–orientedprocess.(2)Marketingismuchmorethansellingandadvertising.(3)Theconceptofmarketingisanarrowterm.(4)Marketingstartsevenbeforeproductionstarts.(5)Marketinghelpstheenterprisetoadapttothechangingconditionsandcircumstances. Ans:3Q.122.Whichofthefollowingorganizationgavethedefinition–‘Marketingisconcernedwiththepeopleandactivitiesinvolvedintheflowofgoodsandservicesfromproducertoconsumer’(1)AmericanMarketingAssociation(2)UKinstituteofMarketing(3)UniversityofRegina(4)HarvardLawSchool(5)UniversityofChicago Ans:1Q.123.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecharacteristicsofservices?(1)Perishability(2)Variability(3)CustomerParticipation(4)Tangibility(5)Inseparability Ans:4Q.124.Whichofthefollowingsectorcomesundertheservicessectors?(1)Tourism(2)Legal(3)Transportation(4)Communication(5)Allofthese Ans:5Q.125.ExpandSWOT.(1)Strengths,Width,Opportunities,Threats(2)Security,Weaknesses,Opportunities,Threats.(3)Strengths,Weaknesses,Opportunities,Threats(4)Society,Weaknesses,Opportunities,Travel(5)Systems,Weaknesses,Opportunities,TravelAns:3Q.126.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartof‘ProductLifeCycle’?(1)Introduction (2)Growth

(3)Saturation (4)Inflation(5)Maturity Ans:4Q.127.WhatismeantbyB2BE‐businessModel?(1)Bank‐toBusiness(2)Business‐toBank(3)Building‐toBusiness(4)Business–toBroadcast(5)Business‐toBusiness Ans:5Q.128.DescribeB2Cmodelofe‐business.(1)Sellingofproductsandservicestocorporates.(2)Sellingofproductsandservicesdirectlytoconsumers.(3)Consumersnameownprices,whichbusinessescanacceptordecline.(4)Businessessellingtolocalstate,andfederalagencies.(5)Consumerssellingdirectlytootherconsumers.Ans:2Q.129.Telemarketingisaformof_________(1)IndirectMarketing (2)FieldMarketing (3)VirtualMarketing (4)DirectMarketing(5)OnlineMarketing Ans:4Q.130.WhatisM‐marketing?(1)MobileMarketing (2)ManagementMarketing(3)ModelMarketing (4)ModernMarketing(5)MindMarketing Ans:1Q.131.Whatarespecialtystores?(1)Storesthatspecializesinelectronicgoodsonly.(2)Storesthatspecializesinasinglelineofgoodswithadeepassortmenttogivewiderchoicetocustomers.(3)Storesthataremanagedbyhawkers,pedlars,streetvendors.(4)Storesthatoffergreatshoppingconveniencetocustomers.(5)Storesthatspecializesinsellingbooksonly.Ans:2Q.132.WhatisconceptMarketing?(1)Itisthetypeofmarketinginwhichmanufacturesownoutletsandexclusiveshowrooms.(2)Itisthefactoryoutletsownedandoperatedbyretailers.(3)Itisanactofconvertinganewconceptintoaproduct.(4)Itistheconceptofmarketingthroughsendingmessagesonmobiles.(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.133.ExpandICDTModel.(1)Information,communication,TransactionandDistribution.(2)Investment,communication,transactionanddistribution.(3)Internet,carrier,TransactionandDistribution.(4)Internet,communication,TransportandDistribution.(5)Information,communication,TransportationandDistribution. Ans:1

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Q.134.Anadvertisementisnotfor__________.(1)Suggestingnewusesofproduct.(2)Explaininghowaproductworks.(3)Tellingaboutanewproduct.(4)Buildingbrandpreferences.(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.135.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabaseforMarketsegmentation?(1)BehavioralSegmentation(2)DemographicSegmentation(3)GeographicSegmentation(4)Psychographicsegmentation(5)StatusSegmentation Ans:5Q.136.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanimportantcomponentof‘PROMOTIONALMIX’?(1)Advertising(2)Personalselling(3)SalesPromotion(4)Publicity(5)TotalqualityManagement Ans:5Note:Therearefiveimportantcomponentsinpromotionalmix‐1.Advertising 2.PersonalSelleing3.Salespromotion. 4.Publicityandpublicrelations.5.DirectMarketingQ.137.Advertisingisanon‐personalmasscommunicationbyan_____________sponsor.(1)Unidentified (2)Identified(3)Powerful (4)Spontaneous(5)Convenient Ans:2Q.138.Whichofthefollowingfactorsdonotaffectthe‘PricingPolicy’ofacompany?(1)Cost (2)Demand(3)Competition (4)DistributionChannel(5)Standardofliving Ans:5Q.139.Thetaskofcreatingstrongcustomerloyaltyiscalled:(1)AccountableMarketing(2)TotalQualityMarketing(3)RelationshipMarketing(4)DirectMarketing(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.140.Whatismeantbytheterm‘Brandinsistence?(1)Abuyerwillbuythebrandbuthasanopenmindtotryanotherbrand.(2)Abuyerinsistsonpurchasingonebrandonlyandwillnotacceptasubstitute.(3)Abuyerhasnoknowledgeoftheexistenceofbrand.(4)Abuyerfavorsthepurchaseofthebrand(5)Abuyerhasastrongattachmenttothebrandandwillnotacceptasubstituteifbrandisavailable.Ans:2

Q.141.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?(1)Marketingisthetermusedtoreferonlytothesalesfunctionwithinafirm.(2)Marketingmanagersusuallydon’tgetinvolvedinproductionordistributiondecisions.(3)Marketingisanactivitythatconsidersonlytheneedsoftheorganization,nottheneedsofsocietyasawhole.(4)Marketingistheactivity,setofinstitutions,andprocessesforcreating,communicating,deliveringandexchangingofferingsthathavevalueforcustomers,clients,partners,societyatlarge.(5)Noneofthese Ans:4

Q.142.Thetermmarketingrefersto———‐(1)Newproductconceptsandimprovements(2)Advertisingandpromotionactivities(3)Aphilosophythatstressescustomervalueandsatisfaction(4)Planningsalescampaigns(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.143.Inthehistoryofmarketing,whendidtheproductionperiodend?(1)Inthelate1800s(2)Intheearly1900s(3)Inthe1920s(4)AftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar(5)Noneofthese Ans:3Q.144.Amarketingphilosophysummarizedbythephrase“agoodproductwillsellitself”ischaracteristicofthe———period.(1)Production (2)Sales(3)Marketing (4)Relationship(5)Noneofthese Ans:1Q.145.Whichofthefollowingfactorscontributedtothetransitionfromtheproductionperiodtothesalesperiod?(1)Increasedconsumerdemand(2)Moresophisticatedproductiontechniques(3)Increaseinurbanization(4)TheGreatDepression(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.146.Anorganisationwitha————orientationassumesthatcustomerswillresistpurchasingproductsnotdeemedessential.(1)Production (2)Marketing(3)Relationship (4)Sales(5)Noneofthese Ans:4

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Q.147.Intherelationshipmarketingfirmsfocuson———relationshipswith—————.(1)Shortterm;customersandsuppliers(2)Longterm;customersandsuppliers(3)Shortterm;customers(4)Longterm;customers(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.148.Politicalcampaignsaregenerallyexamplesof———.(1)Causemarketing(2)Organizationmarketing(3)Eventmarketing(4)Personmarketing(5)Noneofthese Ans:4

Q.149.TheCocaColaorganisationisanofficialsponsoroftheOlympics.Thefirmisengagingin——(1)Placemarketing(2)Eventmarketing(3)Personmarketing(4)Organizationmarketing(5)Noneofthese Ans:2Q.150.Today’smarketersneed…....(1)Neithercreativitynorcriticalthinkingskills(2)Bothcreativityandcriticalthinkingskills(3)Criticalthinkingskillsbutnotcreativity(4)Creativitybutnotcriticalthinkingskills(5)Noneofthese Ans:2

QuickNotes:1. MarketMayCompriseof:

i.Onesellerandmanybuyersii.Manysellersandonebuyeriii.ManysellersandManybuyersiv.FewsellersandManybuyersv.ManysellersandFewbuyers

2. A“likely”interestedcustomerofthebankistermedasprospect.

3. InMarketing,callingontheprospectivecustomersisknownasacall.

4. DivisionofthewholemarketintorelativelyhomogeneousgroupsiscalledMarketSegmentation.

5. MarketingGuruPhilipKotlerdefinesmarketsegmentationasthesubdivisionofamarketintohomogeneoussubjectsofcustomers.

6. MarketingMix:Itisthesetofmarketingtoolsthatafirmusestopursueitsmarketingobjectivesinthetargetmarket.

7. E.JeromeMcCartyproposedaclassificationofmarketingmixinfourkeyareas:1.Product 2.Price3.Place 4.Promotion

8. SWOTAnalysis:Atoolusedbyorganizationtohelpthefirmtoestablishitsstrength.S–Strengths W–WeaknessO–Opportunity T‐ThreatsNote:StrengthsandWeaknessare–InternalFunctionOpportunityandThreatsare‐ExternalFunction

9. 4StagesofProductLifeCycle(PLC):i.Introduction ii.Growth iii.Maturity iv.Decline

10. Brand:Brandisdefinedas“aname,term,signandsymboloracombinationofthese,thatidentifiesthemakerorselleroftheproduct

.11. BrandEquity:ItreferstothevalueoftheBrand.12. JIT–JustinTime13. MRTP–MonopoliesandRestrictiveTradePractices14. IMC–IntegratedMarketingCommunications15. InDoublewinstrategycustomergetspricedebate.

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16. Monopoly(onlyoneseller)existswhenaspecificpersonorenterpriseistheonlysupplierofaparticularcommodity,whichrelatestoasingleentity'scontrolofamarkettopurchaseagoodorservice.

17. Oligopoly(fewsellers)whichconsistsofafewentitiesdominatinganindustry.18. MRP–ManufacturingResourcePlanning19. HNI–HighNetworthIndividual20. TheConceptofGoriilaMarketingisintroducedbyJ.C.Levinson.21. TheMethodofsendingpromotionalitemstoclientsiscalledDripMarketing.22. Marketingviae‐mailfallsunderthecategoryofdirectmarketing.23. CTR(ClickThroughRate)isrelatedtoAdvertisingmetrics.24. CreatingabuzzintheindustryisanexampleofViralMarketing.25. Anon–traditional,lowcost,flexibleandhighlyeffectivemarketingistermedasGoriilaMarketing.