market leader advanced text bank key
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Market Leader advanced text bank keyTRANSCRIPT
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Text bank answer key
Unit1
Networking
1 id 2f 3g 4a sb 6c 7e
2 1C 2b 3e 4d sa
3 Suggested answersa) glossy brachure b) businessjsociallunchc) leading brand d) personal computere) social occasion
4 a) True On Tuesday, I will be on the 8.38 a.m. toMoorgate Station as usual. (paragraph 2)
b) False ... aetually the prospeet of the biggestnetworkathon in the world appeals to me even
less than the prospeet of going skiing - whieh
appeals not at all. (paragraph 2)c) True Having to make eonversation with strangers .., is
a wretehed way to spend an evening; do ing it fordays on end must be pure torture. (paragraph 2)
d) True The whole networking proeess defeats me(paragraph 3)
e) True theyare usuallya bit grubby (paragraph 3)f) False on the rareoeeasionslam requiredto produee
one. (paragraph 3)g) False ... get fished out whenever Ispring dean it.
(paragraph 3)h) False They then sit on my desk for a while before
eventually going into the bin. (paragraph 3)5 a) iii b) ii c) ii d) i e) iii r) ii g) i6 Suggested answers
a) correet
b) thought he hadn't made any useful business deals whilenetworking.
c) hadn't employed a single person he had met whilenetworking.
d) found he enjoyed networking less as he got older.e) eorreet
7 a) off-putting b) pushy c) calculating d) self-defeatinge) annoying
Relocating
I,.
I
1 e, b, h, d, f, a2 a) shockproof b) head back c) commuter d) always on
the move e) given their marching orders f) brave newworld g) ghetto h) lavish rental allowancei) expatriate; expat j) blend into
3 a) well-heeled b) property market c) mainstayd) tenants e) landlords f) exclusive expatriateneighbourhoods g) take ... on the chin h) stand outi) saturated marketplace j) make way for
4 a) False landlords in Hong Kong have been offeringbusinesses free aeeommodation for up to 18months of a three-year lease to seeure theirtenure.
2041
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landlords in Hong Kong have been offering
businesses free accommodation for up to 18months of a three-year lease to seeure theirtenure.
Singapore, home to 80,000 foreigners workingin white-eollar professionsSingapore ... has begun to play second fiddleto Chinese cities sueh as ShanghaiShanghai, where rents are lower, and theinfrastrueture and sehools are improvingimmeasurably.
5 ih 2a 3g 4f Sd 6c 7e 8b6 a) HoteIsoffermanynewfacilities for businesstravellers.
b) Servicedapartmentsare pepperedaround the world.c) Servicedapartmentswill comewithconciergeservices
and tailored facilities.
d) Familieswon't haveto uprootasoften.e) Relocationcan putstrainsona couple'srelationship.
Business ideology
1 a) Bing Xiang b) GMAT test c) EMBA(executiveMBA)d) $3S,SOO(Rmb 288,000) e) 80 r) Insead and the
Wharton School (University of Pennsylvania)
2 Suggested answers
a) The Chinese government licensed China's first privatelyowned business school.
b) China hopes to adopt US-style education in
management education.c) The new school was set up wit h money fram Li Ka-Shing
3A8 BiAg XiaAg.
d) The new business school is run by Bing Xiang.
e) eorreet
3 a) application procedure (paragraph 3)
b) sit (atest) (paragraph3)c) minimum score(paragraph3)d) inception (paragraph4)e) doctoral degree(paragraph4)f) thirst for knowledge(paragraph4)g) faculty (paragraphS)h) dean (paragraphS)
4 a) False ProfessorXiangaspiringtoattraetoverseasstudents to his programme, whieh is taught in
English... (paragraph 3)top of the hit list are Chinese professors who
have studied and taught abroad. (paragraph S)Both were sedueed by the idea of eonduetingreseareh in China. (paragraph S)The EMBAalumni network is extremelypowerful... we ean get information not through
the formai ehannels. (paragraph 6)We don't want to regurgitate what we leamt in
the US. (paragraph 7)
b) True
c) True
d) False
e) True
Unit 2
b) False
c) True
d) True
e) False
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5 a) i b) ii c) i d) i e) ii t) ii g) i h) ii6 1e 2f 3d 4b SC 6a7 a) keeping...afloat b) all it took c) running
d) come50far e) get into f) pioneer g) aspiring to
Professional development
1 1b 2h 3d 4e sa 6f
2 1e 2h 3a 4g sf 6d
3 1f 2g 3c 4a Sb 6e
4 a) ii b) i c) ii d) iii
5 1b 2d 3a 4C se 6f
7C 8g7C 8b
7d
Unit3
Toll systems
1 a) Austrian b) gantries c) cash d) and easy
e) inspectors f) Autostrade g) the system was untried
h) credit card i) 60% i) mobile-phone users2 a) iii b) i c) iii d) ii
3 19 2f 3e 4b sa 6c 7d
4 a) Truck drivers; toll booths b) loose change
c) commercial vehicles d) satellite technology
5 a) period since when tolls have operated on Itatianmotorways
b) number of years ago when more than half of Itatian
drivers paid to 115in cash
c) percentage of Itatian drivers who pay wit h credit cards or
Telepass
d) amount of money (in euros) spent by Autostrade on
research and development
e) percentage of Autostrade's revenue that came from tollsin 2004
f) percentage of the Itatian tolled network controlled byAutostrade
g) percentage of Itatian toll roads for which Autostrade acts
as a clearing house for the non-cash revenue
h) num ber of cameras installed by Autostrade on
motorways
i) name of the telecommunications company wit h which
Autostrade is discussing a venture
6 a) True the accompanying sensor s can reJay
information on traffic and weather to units suchas media outJets ar screens in service stations.
b) False Autostrade is discussing a venture with 3, the
teJecommunications company, that will see free
and paid-for services avaiJabJeon mobiles.
drivers' phones can be Jocated by readings
taken from the mobile phone network.
Mr Bergamini says tracking the exact Jocation
ofvehicJes, and speed and direction oftraveJ
are not vet precise enough.
If you want personaJ information, you want
information that is tailored for you, not for
sameone who is near you. (Here, he is referring
to personal information for the driver andmobile user, not for Autostrade.)
c) 'True
d) True
e) False
<9 Pearson Education Limited 2006
Text bank
Partnerships with NGOs
1 a) Peter Melchett, head of Greenpeace (paragraph 1)
b) corporate communications company (paragraph 1)c) conservation group (paragraph 2)
d) US banana giant (paragraph 2)
e) UK electricity supptier (paragraph 2)f) consumer goods group (paragraph 2)
g) executive director of Greenpeace (paragraph 3)
h) executive director of the FLA (paragraph 5)i) US-based monitoring organisation, working with
companies and NGOs (paragraph 6)i) co-director of the Partnering Initiative at the
International Business Leaders Forum (paragraph 9)2 a) Peter Melchett angered many environmentatists when
he became an adviser at Burston-Marsteller.
b) Peter Melchett argued that he could achieve more
working with companies than in opposition to them.
c) A growing num ber ot non-governmental organisations
are currently doing the same as Greenpeace and theRainforest AlIiance.
d) Chiquita has come under severe criticism for its poorrecord on environmental and labour issues.
e) Greenpeace has embarked on joint ventures to improveworking practices in companies such as Ci:lia(,Jita,NPower and Unilever.
3 a) i b) iii c) ii d) i e) ii t) i
4 a) False The FLA... works more cJoseJywith companies
than many organisations... The FLA has, forexampJe, both companies and non-
governmentaJ organisations on its board.
to maintain its independence ... the
organisation Jaysdown strict ruJesof
engagement.Ali businesses co-operating with the FLA must
agree to give it unimpeded and unannounced
access to their factories
none of the companies has any controJ over
what the FLApubJishes in its reports about the
Jabour conditions in their suppJy chains.'/t's warts and aII,, says Mr van Heerden.
'... we feeJ we can onJy do aur job properly ifwehave independence.'
5 1b 2C 3a 4f se 6d
b) True
c) False
d) False
e) Truef) True
India's energy needs
Before you read
According to the BPAmoco Statistical Review ofWorld Energy
(2000), the top five biggest energy consumers in the worldwere as follows:
1 USA 2 China 3 Russia 4 japan 5 Germany
International Energy Agency forecasts suggest that China will
soon be the top consumer. India is presently the sixth largest
consumer of energy, but will shortly become one of the topfive.
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1 Four types of energy:
2 a) ii b) iii c) ii d) iii e) i t) ii g) i3 a) growth rate b) feli well short of c) represent
d) resulted in e) forecast f) projected (forecast usedas a verb is also possible) g) average
4 a) negate b) conundrum c) the West; developedcountries d) developing world e) in turnf) development g) per capita h) wide
5 a) percentage of India's total energy use accounted for bybiomass and waste
b) number of years over which the use of biomass isexpected to deeline and use of oil, gas and coal toincrease
c) number of million barrels a day of oillndia is expected tobe using by 2030
d) percentage of oil that will be supplied by importatione) number of cars that exist for every 1,000 people today in
India
f) number of people that own a car in Europe6 a) True strong economic growth rates ofmore than 4
per cent a yearwillstimulate gas demand among industrialusers in India.
a recent significant gas discoverythis will not be enough to meet future demand.India... is also negotiating with Bangladeshand Burma about building pipelines to import
gas.coal willremain the preferred energy forindustrial users.
The IEAprojects Indian coal demand to rise atsimilar rates to total growth rates of energy usein the country during the next 25 years. (similarrates refers to 4 per cent a year at thebeginning of the paragraph.)
b) True
c) Trued) Falsee) False
t) False
g) False
Nuclear energy
1 a) 7, 8 b) 6 c)1, 2 d) 2 e) 3 f) 5 g) 42 a) There were once plans to build a new nuelear reactor.
b) The company is the target ot safety inspectors becauseof its accident record.
c) Solar energy is the darling ot many environmentalgroups.
d) The use oftossil tuels increases the levels of carbondioxide in the atmosphere.
2061
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e) The Swedish government is pursuing its plan to reducedependence on nuelear energy.
t) A major problem with nuelear energy is the disposal otwaste.
3 d, e4 1f 2a 3e 4b 5d 6c5 a) the public purse b) nuelear plant c) elear-up
operations d) green lobbyists e) upfront costsf) gas-fired power station
6 a) 4 b) 6 c) 5 d) 2 e)1 f) 37 B
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OffshoringF-
1 f, e, g, c, b, d, h, a2 a) Both b) Germany
t) France3 a) True
b) False
c) France d) Both e) Germany~r--The evidence is patchy
nearly half of European companies planned toshift more services offshore.UKcompanies accounted for 61per cent of thetotal ofjobs moved, folIowed by Germany andthe Benelux countries with 14per cent each.... western Europe itself benefited with 29 percent- the favoured locations being the UK,Ireland, Spain and Portugal
e) False Asia was top destination, with 37 per cent4 a) the number (in millions) of European information
technology and service jobs that will move offshore overthe next ten years (according to Forrester Research)
b) the proportion of those jobs that will be from the UKc) the distance (in miles) used by Forresters to define
offshoringd) the number of jobs created by German multinationals in
Eastern Europe between 1990 and 2001e) the number of jobs created by Austrian multinationals in
Eastern Europe between 1990 and 2001t) the number of jobs lost in Germany as a result
5 a) 7 b) 4 c) 2 d) 5 e) 6 t) 3 g) 8 h)16 a) Germany's b) displaced German workers
c) it = outsourcing;them = companies
c) False~....-
d)True
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Older people
1 a) International Labour Organisationb) runs the Unemployment and Labour Market
Disadvantage programme at the Institute forEmployment Studies
c) British DIV(do-it-yourself) retailerd) Halifax Bank of Scotlande) founder of Mist Consultingf) a Cologne-based diversity consultancy
2 Suggested answersa) The ILOsays that, by the year 2050, the number of
people over 60 will increase from 600m to 2bn.b) In 50 years' time there will be more over 60S than
children under 15 in the world.c) Employers should deal with age discrimination at work
and provide incentives for senior workers to agree tostay in their jobs longer.
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wood and cow dung currently accounts for more(also referred to as than half of the country's totalbiomass and waste) energy use; will remain the
main source of energy fordomestic energy users
oil usage currently low due to thelow level of car ownership;demand will rise to 5.4m barrelsa day by 2030
gas demand will rise amon gindustrial users
coal remains the preferred source ofenergy for industrial users
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d) John Atkinson from the Institute for Employment
Studies says changes in legislation will force companiesto take action.
e) The British government is committed to implementing
age legislation under the European Directive on EqualTreatment.
3 a) ij b) i c) i d) jji
4 a) 6 bh c) 5 d) 4 e) 2 f) 3 g) 7 h) S
5 lf 2a 3C 4b se 6d6 B
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Businessresponsibilities
1 e, d, c, a, b, f, g2 a) ii b) i c) ijj d) i3 ld 2e 3C 4f Sb 6a4 a) supplychain b) state-ownedutilities c) Clothing
manufacturers d) dominant market positione) corporatemalpractice f) low-incomecountries
5 a) MichaelFairey b) MervynDavies c) MichaelFaireyd) Associationof British Insurers e) MervynDavies
6 a) violations b) instil c) appointment d) enduringe) taking f) promoting
7 a) appointment b) enduring c) promote d) violatione) instil f) take
8 1C 2d 3e 4a Sb
Business models
1 a) oil companies b) mining companies c) miningcompanies d) mining companies e) Accenture
Development Partnerships f) pfjzer g) Unilever Vietnam
2 a) lack (para. 1) b) social programmes (para. 1) c) tread
extremely carefully (para.l) d) backfjre (para. 1)
e) contentious (para. 2) f) extractive industries (para. 2)
g) create vast footprints (para. 2) h) the thorniest issue
(para. 2) i) arise (para. 2) i) feelleft out (para. 2)3 a) improve b) create c) fund; roll out d) withdraw;
embark on e) conduct f) abandon g) leave
4 a) approached in a measured way b) cash is probably notthe answer c) transparency is essential d) to promote
better schooling e) it's seen as self-serving f) there's
credibility to it5 a) False ...hasunforeseenbenefits.
b) True ... has created 800 to 1,000 smali businesses in
support
the biggest contribution companies can make
to development is the economic story.
c) True
Unit7
International banking
1 a) biggest b) politicians c) top 20 d) equity e) 19%(to 25%) f) US g) Siemens and BASF h) compromisei) consolidation i) (political) interference j socialengineering
2 lf 2g 3a 4C sd 6e 7b3 a) 6e b) Sd c) 7b d) 3a e) 2g fhf g) 4C
@ Pearson Education Limited 2006
4 a) peer group b) return c) equity d) (market)
capitalisation e) assets f) revenues g) analyst
communityjanalysts h) on a par with i) play in the toptier i) balance sheet
5 a) Siemens b) neither c) BASF d) bot h e) neither
f) neither g) Siemens h) BASF6 a) False Deutsche's difficu/t relationship with the
German establishment is long-standing.
Tocompound matters, Mr Ackermann is noteven German.
Mr Ackermann is obliged to maintain a degree
of distance in his political and corporate
networking in order to avoid being drawn into
unprofitable patriotic business.
the political outcry over the Deutsche jobs
saga carries a resonant message.
'This kind of political interference is derailing
capitalism in Germany,' says Mr Williams. 'It is
sodal engineering. And it is delaying much-needed consolidation in German banking.'
'It is a big deterrent for potential acquirers
from abroad. 'ForDeutsche,in particular, senior managersbelieve the debacle has exacerbated the
'German discount' attached to the share price.
That is the last thing Mr Ackermann needs as
he tries to play catch-up with his internationalrivals.
b) False
c) True
d) True
e) True
f) False
g) False
Textbank J
Corporate recovery
1 ld 2h 3g 4f se 6c 7b Sa2 ld 2e 3C 4a sb3 a) Sb bhd c) 3C d) 4a e) 2e4 a) (dramatic) turnaround(s) b) deluging ... (markets)
c) a flood d) fluid e) stakeholders f) trustees5 b6 a) ii b) jj c) i d) i
7 a) DJ b) DJ c) IP d) IP e) PK f) PK g) IPlan Powell is most in favour of the new style.
The growth of management consultancy
1 a) False
b) True
c) True
The strength and pattern of the recovery varies
by country, and some sectors remain
depressed ...the information-technology
consulting sector is likely to growat an
average compound rate of little more than
1per cent. (paragraph 2)
The merger and acquisition wave among US
public companies helps explain why North
America is leading the w'!Y-Consultants areoften called in to review potential deals and
advise on post-merger integration.
(paragraph 3)The economic boom of the late 1990Sled to
very strong demand... The result: raw recruits
delivering work of questionable quality to
increasingly disil/usioned clients.
(paragraph 3)
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Under particular scrutiny is the traditional,
pyramid-shaped organisation in which a few
senior partners are supported byan army of
enthusiastic juniors. (paragraph S)The ability to 'Ieverage' the expertise of senior
consultants in this way is central to the
economics ofthe industry. (paragraph 6)
Experienced consultants were leaving to work
for 'hot' technology companies, and youngrecruits could not be trained fast enough to fili
the gap. (paragraph 3)
'This is an apprenticeship industry. Ifyou have
too few people coming in at the bottom, you
end up with not enough managers.'
(paragraph 6)Some consultants predict the emergence of
'diamond-shaped' firms, in which partner s are
supported by more experienced consultantsand fewer youngsters (Le. where senior
consultants are in the majority) (paragraph 7)
...some will doubtless find ways to maintain
the leverage model. Others will evolve intodiamond-shaped organisations. (paragraph 9)
2 a) sector b) exaggerated c) several d) recuperation
e) recovery f) sector .3 a) the merger and acquisition wave b) leading the way
c) advise on post-merger integration d) economic boom
e) raw recruits delivering work of questionable quality
f) competitive bidding on engagements
Il a) ii b) iii c) iii d) i e) ii f) iii5 a) leverage b) expertise c) correlation d) progression
e) intakes f) apprenticeship6 lb 2f 3e 4d sa 6c
7 1C 2e 3b 4a Sf 6d
8 a) primary activity b) Experienced recruits c) diamond-
shaped fjrms d) advisory fees e) strategy consultingf) adjacent industries
d) True
e) False
f) False
Management consultancy
1 a) the MCA (para. 2) b) the writer (para. 3) c) the writer(para. 4) d) Bruce Tindale (para. S) e) anonymous
consultant (para. 6) f) Fiona Czerniawska (para. 7)
g) Bruce Tindale (para. 9) h) anonymous client (para. 9)
2 a) amount earned by British consultants last year On billiondollars)
b) percentage or members of the MCA whose income
comes from outsourcing
c) percentage of MCA members' fee income accounted for
by information-technology-related consulting and
systems development
d) percentage of MCA members' fee income accounted for
by traditional management consulting
e) percentage by which MCA members' fees for traditionat
consulting felllast year
f) percentage ofthe UK consulting industry's feesaccounted for by MCA members
2081
3 a) ii b) i c) ji d) i e) iii
Il a) sophisticated b) toll c) retention d) pushback
e) subsume f) steeply5 Ais correct. B contains various errors:
... there are two reasons [thereare variousreasons,ofwhichonly two are described in this paragraph] why revenue per
consultant is falling. Many independent consultants have
become members of the MCA and charge less, which hassi~nifjcantlv reduced the avera~e income or smaller fjrms
[partly true, but not a definite or significant decrease; she
says smaller firms may have depressed the figure]. Ms
Czerniawska also thinks outsourcing [and IT-related
consulting] generate less fee income than traditional
management consulting services.
6 a) True But the likeliest explanation for the fali is the
increase in the number of consultants.
Because so many consultants, inveterate
optimists, believe sales are about to increase.
Many consultants over-recruited during the
Internet boom at the beginning ofthe decade,
and Ms Czerniawska says: 'Consulting firms
have perhaps not entirely learnt the lessons of2001.'
Tindale ... says consultants need to provide
their cIients with a better value-for-money
service than they did in the past.
b) True
c) True
d) False
- ------.Unit9 - - ----
What is strategy?
1 1C 2f 3e 4g sb 6d 7a
2 a) True Strategy is, very simply, an out/ine of how a
business intends to achieve its goals. The
goals are the objective; the strategy sets out
the route to that objective.In the early stages, business objectives are
usually fairly simple: to survive and to achieve
growth targets.
Strategies are correspondingly simple as well,and are often not even committed to paper; it
is enough that everyone in the company
understands where it is going and how it willget there.
But as the business grows, so does the need
for co-ordination. Accordingly, there is a need
for a mutually agreed and accepted strategyfor the business.
3 a) the wrong way to go about it b) tailored to meet the
requirements c) easier said than done d) branched oute) a matter of
Il B
5 a) framework b) arise c) ad-hoc d) adage e) novice6 a) ii b) ii c) iii d) i e) ji
7 1 e 2 g 3 d 4 b S h 6 c 7 a 8 f 9 j 10 i .
b) True
c) False
d) False
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Mission statements
1 C2 f,d, a, c, e, b3 a) liable b) stomped off; drive (customers) away
c) a regularjloyal customer d) queried the bill e)emblazoned f) chatting (freely)
4 a) False The writer says The words haunted me and thewords were sti/l swi/ling around my head, buthe is referring to Avis's mission statement, notto the words ofthe woman.
as an out/et for my rage, I began researching
the subject of mission statementsthere is a substantia/ amount of literatureavailab/e on the subject: o.. theses (a thesis is
an essay written by an MAor PhD student)The writer says... with live/y tit/es such as'Libraries, Mission and Marketing: WritingMission 5tatements That Work', but he is being
b) True
c) True
d) True
ironie.
the authors fali into two camps (not themission statements)One expert insists that ...Anotherinsists on ...Yet another insists that ...
5 a) i b) ijj c) ii d) i e) Hi f) i6 1 b 2d 3a 4f SC 6e7 a) memorable b) ordinary c) modest d) unsolved
e) lamentable f) rallying
e) False
f) False
Unit 20 ~
Online groceries
1 f, c, e, a, g, d, b2 a) False ... he wasverymuch an outsider. (paragraph1)
b) False He and his brother Thomas persuaded lewe/
Stores, a Chicago grocer, to take the
revo/utionary step of allowing some of its
customers to place delivery orders via their
computers with their start-up, Peapod.
(paragraph 1)Andrew and Thomas were not allowed to work
from the supermarket that served as their
base. Instead, they were con{ined to a van in
the car parko (paragraph 1)
Peapod is a wholly owned subsidiary of Aho/d
(paragraph 2)... Peapod's sa/es were estimated to be about
$200m /ast year, making it the biggest onlineoperator in terms of revenue in what is sti/l the
comparative/y smali U5 market. (paragraph 2)3 1C 2f 3a 4e Sb 6d
4 a) financingpackage b)distributionpartnershipsc) software development; brieks-and-mortar grocer
d) online operation
c) True
d) True
e) False
--@ Pearson Education Limited 2006
.,Text bank J
5 a) True The takeover by Aho/d dramatically reduced
Peapod's sourcing costs.
Aho/d a/50 kept Peapod's separate identity, he
says. 'From the very beginning, we had "the
Peapod way", which was to "amaze and
delight" the customer..o'... make sure you enjoy your job and don't
forget about your family.
Peapod claims that it has achieved far /ower
turnoverofstaffthan wou/d be usua/ in a
businessthat combines /ogisticsand retailing
It sti/l runs regu/ar emp/oyee awards and its'8roken Promises Index' that monitors its
performance in 14 keyareas, such as /ateness
and incomp/ete orders.6 a) (strong)background b)heads c) (site)users
d) customised e) innovation(s) f) what it comesdownto
7 a) entrepreneur b)challenges c) supermarketchainsd) fast e) outside f) investors g) motherh) start (up) i) books j)JeffBezos
b) False
c) True
d) False
e) True
Using a website
1 a) 6 b) S c) 7 d) 3 e) 2 f)1 g) 4
2 a) brand-building b) cuddly c) strength d) attributes
e) fundamentally
3 a) True Hardwebis the websiteas a too/. Consumers
can buy products or check accountso 828
customers can place orders. lournalists can (ind
how much money your CEOearned /ast year.
Investors can see how much money they have
made out of you. Theyare all doing somethingthat he/ps them in their lives or jobs.
Consumers can buy products or check
accounts. 828 customers can place orders ...Theyare all doing something that he/ps themin their lives or jobs.50ft web is using a site to nudge, to impress,
to massageo '8rochureware', where a websitereproduces marketing literature created for
print, is 50ft web.50 are the /ook, fee/ and 'voice' of asite, whichtransmit messages about the organisation's
cu/ture and brand.
Most CSR, but not all: And the great bulk otcorporate socia/ responsibility (C5R)materia/ issofto
b) False
c) True
d) True
e) False
4 B5 a) trick b) in harness c) stopping point d) serviee
reminder e) back (this)up f) op,timisation g) flowingh) bombard
6 1e 2a 3f 4C Sg 6b 7d7 a) arrivesj has arrivedmid-site b) keep up standards j
keep standards up c) hiring;writers d) links;scatterede) Drawingpeople in;feeding
1209
r-lTextbank
Unit 11
Technological innovation
1 a) founder b) big break c) trade exhibitiond) technology manager e) three days f) nine staffg) intellectual property h) printing-ink i) single pricei) Licences
2 a) False Three years ago, a young entrepreneur inLeeds risked everything he had to make hisbusiness a success ... His route to success took
him as farafieldas Chinao.. (China is not theonly country where the company has beensuccessful.)Andrew Ainge's print-technology company,MetalFX,... an innovative technology-licensingmodel that minimises the operation'soverheads while maximising its profits.The system has changed the industry's
approach to the use of metallic inks, and thevisual results - on brochures, packaging,
annual reports and 50 on - have beenstunning. (Thereis no mentionof it needingfurther development.)Printersuse the CMYKsystem (combinationsofcyan, magenta, yel/ow and black ink) to createcoloured images and text.The system al/owed millions of metallic coloursto be created at ance.
3 1d 2C 3e 4a Sb4 a) ji b) i c) i d) ii e) iii f) iii5 1b 2e 3d 4a SC6 a) branching out b) eye-catching c) caught the attention
of d) down to e) overseas buyers
b) True
c) False
d) True
e) True
Increasing market share
1 b, d, f, h2 a) Defyingthe laws of gravity b) a succession of
c) seemingly unassailable leaders d) astute e) gainedf) brought in g) head up h) True to form
3 1d 2C 3b 4a4 1C 2a 3b 4d5 a) (had) launched new brands b) condiment company;
case history c) has grabbed; market shared) nationwide distribution e) Changing conditions
6 a) i b) ii c) iii d) ii e) i7 A
Unit 12 ~ --
project mediators
1 a) MP (paragraph 1) b) BF(paragraph 2) c) IC(paragraph3) d) BF(paragraph 4) e) AC(paragraph S) f) MP(paragraph 6) g) PV(paragraph 7) h) AC(paragraph 8)
2 1C 2b 3f 4e sa 6g 7d3 a) True Whena relationship breaksdown, it is never
total/y oneparty's fault.A third party cancomein with a moreobjectiveview.
b) True
210 I
Sometimes, to ensure the advice is truly
impartial, the cIient and IT contractor will share
advisory fees.... companies are often nominating a third-
party mediator (rom the start. There is more ofan expectation that things can get out of shape
The company had about 100 engagements last
year; and demand is growing at around 25 percent each quarter.
4 a) oversee b) have different agendas c) everything it issupposed to d) keep everyone on track e) fed up (with)f) driving g) parachuted in to tum round a projecth) run into trouble
5 a) iii b) iii c) ii d) ii e) i f) ii g) i h) iii
c) False
d) False
e) False
Remote management
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1 d Theyarescatteredacrosstheworld... their operationsand customers are global... It represents what more and
more companies will come to look like. (paragraph 1)b Gone are the days when managers could supervise the
hour-to-hour work of individuals. (paragraph 2)
a ... managers must have a deeper understanding ofwhento use the wide range of communications that are now
available. When is a phone cal/ best? A teleconference?
A video conference? An e-mail? A face-to-face meeting?
(paragraph 3)
f As a general rule, face-to-face sessions are for intensive,
real-time problem-solving (paragraph 4)
g ...individual managers need to work with and influence
people who are not their subordinates. (paragraph 7)
c First, they must explain that sharing leadership is a
performance expectation and will be rewarded. Second,
team members must accept responsibility for providing
as wel/ as responding to peer-based leadership.
(paragraph 8)e This means often deferring critical decisions ...They
must be able to demonstrate shared leadership in
meetings, turning leadership over to a capable
subordinate ar peer at the appropriate moment. They
must coach and develop their team 's individual and
col/ective leadership skillso (paragraph 9)
2 1C 2h 3f 4b sa 6d 7e 8g
3 a) Managers now have to lead by focusing on processes,
performance and resultsob) Staff need to achieve results.
c) This can only be done if managers set appropriate goals
and milestones, shape behaviour and analyse progress
being madeod) Face-to-face communication is the best way to start a
virtual project in order to reach an agree~nt onmilestones and commitments.
4 a) conferences; virtual b) relationship; face-to-facec) problem-solving; information-sharing
5 a) i b) i c) ii d) ii e) iii
6 a) shared b) cross-functional c) locations d) peers
e) performance expectation f) responsibility g) directive
h) developjcoach i) leadershipskills i) directcontrol
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