march 1

Nn{X--fcn

amv 8 AtZ-iob h\n-Xm-Zn-\w. Iqp-Im hc Nn{X- t\mq...

Nn{X- Ab-bvt hnemkw: Nn{X--fcn, bpdo-, Nme-p-dw-, tImgn-tmSv 673002.

ken ]n, 6 _n, F.-Fw.-bp.-]n.-Fkv]pc-a-q, ae-p-dw

sdbv Fkv cmPp, 1mw Xcw,tI{o-b-hn-Zym-e-bw, amm-p-]-d-v, Iq

kvarXn Fkv.-hm-cn-b, hmKvtZhn hnemkv kvIq,adm--ln ]n.H _mwq

Imhy {ioIp-am, 7 kn,tI{ob hnZym-eb \w 1,

Cuvln, tImgn-tm-Sv.

Aizv sI.-hn, Imc-qF.-F-kv.-F-kv.Fkv.-

A--e--Sn, tImgn-tm-Sv.

tizX B, 2 _n, s{]mhn-UkvF.-]n.-kvIq tImgn-tm-Sv.

lrZy, 3 Un, tI{ob hnZym-eb\w 1, Cuvln,

tImgn-tm-Sv.

Ah-nI sF.-sI, bp.-sI.-Pn,skv tPmk^vkv Btm-C-y

\gvkdn, tImgn-tm-Sv.

tZhnI sF.-hn, 3 F, skvssa-nkv tKkv Fv.-F-kv.-F-kvv shvln, tImgn-tm-Sv.

A`n-\hv cRvPn-v, 3 Un, tI{obhnZym-eb \w.1, Cuvln, tImgn-tm-Sv.

XoY Sn, 2 mw Xcw, Imc-qF.-F-kv.-F-kv, A-e--Sn, tImgn-tm-Sv.

Imhy Fw.-sI, 5 Pn, skv ssankvPn.-F-v.-F-kv.-Fkv shvln, tImgn-tm-Sv.

hmeyw: 35 ew: 19 2014 amv 1

1970- {]kn-o-I-cWw Bcw-` n-Xv

tIc-f im-kv-{X-km-ln-Xy- ]-cnj-v {]-kn-o-IcWw kin-pI : www.kssp.in, www.wiki.kssp.in

]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXn:

s{]m^.-sI.-]m-qn(F-Un-)

jn-t\m-Pv cmPv(FUn. A-kn-kv v)

cm-[ sI(am-t\-Pn-Mv F-Un-)

P\pFw.Ko-Xm-Rv-Pen

C.F.jo-PA\n-X kn.sI

ssa\ Dssa-_mhn.N-{-_m_p

C.cm-PC.Pn\

Fw.Ir-jv-W-Zmkv]n.sI.kp[n

tUm.-sI.-In-tjm Ipam

Ih:A\okv sI.-Sn.

teHuv:jnt\mPv cmPv

{Km^nIvkv:d\ojv sI.-]n

hmjnI hcn-kwJy : ` 220.H-{]Xn : ` 10.

Un.-Un/Fw.-H. Ab-bvp-I.

hcn-kw-Jybpwhcn-m-cpsS ]cm-XnIfpwAb-bvm-\p hnemkw:

amt\-PnMv FUn-, bpdo,Nme-pdw, tImgn-tm-Sv673002.e-mail: [email protected],

Ph: 0495 2701919.

IpIfpw cN-\-IfpwAb-bvt hnemkw:

FUn-, bpdo-, Nme-p-dw,tImgn-tm-Sv-673002.

E-mail: [email protected]

4h-I-fpw k-cn-m Pp-fpw

_me-Ir-jvW sNdq

10\bpw Xnbpw

hn.Fw taml-\

12FmSm

tUm.-B Akmcn

15kz]v\w Nnev

Fw.-Ir-jvW-Zmkv

16As Ipn-mew

hnh: icXv aq

20ssl{U-P _eq-WpIloenbw _eq-Wp-I

]n.Fw knmY

36Iyq-

sI.-b-Xo-{-\m-Y

IS-p-ds aW-en Xnc-am-e-Isft\mn Ccn-p-Xv \ ck-am-Wv. sh-n-\-Sp-mWv Ccn-p--sX-n Nne Pp-sf \nco-n-p-Ibpw sNmw. \\ aW-en HmSn--fn-p RpIfmWv BZyw{i-bns-Sp-I. ]nSn-m {ian-mtem? an--tmgpw \n Nn-tm-Ipw. ASp-pIpgn-I-fn Ah HmSn-sbm-fn-pw. Rp-IXs ]e-X-c-m-cp-m-hpw. Nne-Xns HcpIm hmsX hep-Xm-bn-cn-pw. thsd Nnehncp-X-m ]gb sjp-I-fn Ib-dn-nAhbpw Npav \op-Xpw ImWmw.

Rp-Iv ]pdta ]e-Xcw sNdp-Po-hn-Ifpw ]pgp--fp-sams \\--a-W-enImWpw. ]md-Ifpw Ip-Ifpw D IS-p-d-am-sW-n Ip-I-fn ]n-n-Sn ]e-Xcw ]mb-ep-I ImWmw. Ip--m-bbpw ]e-bn-Spw km[m-c-W-am-Wv. Hp sXmm Npfp-n-tm-Ip ISPo-hn-Ifpw ]md-bp {]tZ-i--fn Dm-hpw. ]md-I-fnse Ipgn-I-fnsNdp ay--sfbpw ImWmw. sNdnb C\wsImp-I, t]c-dn-bm ]e-Xcw ]pgp-Ch-bp-ap-m-Ipw.

ISPo-hn-I-fpsS temIw 2

h-I-fpwk-cn-m Pp-fpw

_me-Ir-jvW sNdq

h-I-

4 2014 amv 1

5 2014 amv 1

Ic-bn-sebpw Ipf--fn-sebpw Pohn-Isf\apv \ ]cn-N-b-ap-v. Cu Adnhpw shvISPo-hn-Isf ]Tn-m t\mn-bm Nne{]iv\--sfms Dm-hpw. Ic-bn Pp--fpw kky-fpw Xn Fs\ _-s- n-cn-p-p-shp \ap--dn-bmw. Fm Pohn-I-pw th `Ww Dm-Zn-n-p-Xv ]pp-Ifpw ap kky--fp-am-Wv. Cu Dm-Z-Isckky-t`m-Pn-I `n-p-p. amwkt`m-Pn-Ikky-t`m-Pn-Isf ]nSn-p-Xn-pw. sNdnb amwk-t`m-Pn-Isf hen-bh ]nSn-p-Xn-pw. IqSmsX_mIvo-cnbbpw apw Fm-n-s\bpw hnL-Sn-nvan tNp-p. CXmWv Ic-bnse nXn.

IS-ense nX-sb-mWv? ]ppw ac--fp-sam-p-an-. ] \ndw Xs ImWm-\n-. A-tm BcmWv Cu ao\p-Ipw Xnanw-K-e-pw apw `-W-sam-cp-p-Xv? asmcp{]iv\w Xncn--dn-bm-\p hnj-a-am-Wv. ]e IS-Po-hn-I-sfbpw Im kky-amtWm Pp-hmtWm F Imcy-ntmepw kwibw h-cpw. Xmsg-sIm-Sp Nn{X- t\mn Pp-hmtWm kky-amtWm Fv Xncn-m Hp{ian-p-t\m-q.

IS Ippt\mn-ep F-bn\w GI-tIm-i-Po-hn-I

hmsX s]cp-Ip-tm-gmWv IS Ip--t]msetXmp-I. Chbvv Nph {]Imiw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-

m-\p Ign-hp-v. Nne k -`-fnCh Iq -tmsS {]Im-in-m XpS-pw.

6 2014 amv 1

(Nn{Xw 1, 2, 3). Ch Bscm-s-bm-sWvIpdv Ignv ]d-bmw. BZyw IS-ense Dm-Z-I-sc-n ]d-bmw. H tImi-ap kky-fpwBK-Ifpw BWv Cu hn`m-K-n-ep--Xv.t\mn-bm-sempw H-tIm-i-Po-hn-Isf ImWn-.Ch-bn 99 iX-am-\-sbpw ImWm ssat{Im-kvtImv thWw. Atm Bcpw ImWmsX Ch\n--ambn tkh\w sNp-I-bm-Wv. shdp-sX-b IS-en t\mn-bm ]\ndw ImWm--sXv Ctm a\-n-em-bnt? DmZI Ign-m `Ww D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xns _mn{Iaw Ic-bn-te-Xp-t]m-se--s-bm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, sNdp kky-sf sNdp Pp- ]nSn-p-Xn-pw. ]ns sNdp Pp-sf hen-bh Xnpw.Cs\ Xnpw Xn-spw IS-en Fm-h-pw `Ww Inpw. Bcpw ]nWn InS-tnXn-sbmpw IS-en-en-. ]t, ASp \n-anjw Pohn-ptam F-dn-bm Ah IS-en-ep-v. N Pohn-Isf hnL-Sn-nm\pw _m-Ivo-cn-b-fpw ^wK-kp-Ifpw Chn-sS-bp-ap-v.

Ic-bn Pp-fpw kky--fp-sams `qan-bpsS apI`m-K-mWv {][m-\-ambpw ImWp-I.

BK-I-fn\nv`Ww

AKm AKm F`-W-hkvXp IS BK-I-fn

\nv Dm-p-Xm-Wv.

(Nn{Xw 1) (Nn{Xw 2)

(Nn{Xw 3)

Db-c-n ]d-p ]n-Ifpw jUv]-Z--fp-sams Xmsg hv hn{i-an-pw. AXm-bXvIc-bpsS hnkvXoWw (\ofw x hoXn) BWvBhm-k-ta-J-e. IS-ens hnkvXoWw `qan-bpsS hnkvXoW-ns 71 iX-am\w B-sWv t\cs ]d-p. Atm Ic-bp-tSXv 29 iX-am-\w. IS-ens hnkvXoWw Ic-bpsS GXmv cc aS-m-Wv. ]t, CXIS-en e`n-p Bhm-k-ta-J-e. IS-ensicm-icn Bgw 3.8 Intem-ao--dm-Wv. ASn--

7 2014 amv 1

ntmbn hn{i-an-pI FXv an ISPo-hn-Ipw ]m--Im-cy-am-Wv. As-n A-Xns Bh-iyta Ahbvn-. Atm IS-ense Bhm-k-ta-Je \ofw x hoXn x Dbcw tN--Xm-Wv. imkv{Xo-b-ambn ]d-m Ic-bn-ep--Xns GI-tZiw 300 aSv hcpw. CXnASn-- n am{Xw ImWp ISPo-hn-IfpwDv.

IS-ense kqva-k-ky--sf-n Ipdv hnh-c- IqSn ]d-bmw. Ubm-- v^fmP-tp-I Fn-h-bmWv Cq- -n {][m-\n-I.Ubm--v cv ` mK--fp sj IhNwDv. Chbvv km-c-tijn Xosc-bn-. ^ vfmP-t-p-I v^fmP-w F \mcp-t]m-ep `mKwD]-tbm-Knv k-cn-pw. IS-ense `WDm-Z-\-ns 45 iX-am\w \nh-ln-p-Xv

\apv ImWm Ign-bm Ubm---fm-Wv.cp-Xcw IS Pohn-I-fp-v. BZys

hn`mKw s]mXpth sNdn-b-hbpw sh-nsHgp-n-s\-Xnsc \om tijn Cm--h-bp-am-Wv. Chsb h-I- FmWv ]d-bp-I.ay-- t]mep henb Pp--fmWv cm-as hn`m-Kw. Chbvv \mbn \om Ign-bpw. h-I--fn sNdnb kky-, sNdnbPp-, emh-I, sImp-hK-nsesNdnb Pp- Fn-hbmWv Ds-Sp--Xv.\psS ay--fn ]eXpw h-I- `n-p--h-bm-Wv. (DZm: an, Abn-e)

asmcp kwibw ]ep-ap-m-hpw. {]Im-iw 200 ao hsctb Fq Fv t\cs]d-p. kky-fpw apw hf-cm {]ImiwCmsX ]n-. Atm Bg-n-tev t]m-bm F-s\-bmWv `Ww Inp-I. apI`m-K-p kqva-Po-hn-Ifpw henb Pohn-I-

ho\kv tZhn-bpsS ]qqSbqs-Ivs F C\w kvt]mv

ImgvN-bn ]qqS t]mse-bn-cn-pw. CXns\ho\kv tZhn-bpsS ]qqS (Flower basket ofvenus) Fp ]d-bp-p.

fpsS Ah-in--fpw Xmtgmp hoWp-sIm-n-cn-pw. Chsb Iptd Pohn-I Blm-c-am-pw.Ahbpw Ahsb Xn-hcpw ASp L -n-ep Cc-]n-Sn-b-mcpw Fmw tNmWv Bg--S kPo-h-am-p--Xv.

C\n hnNn-{X-amb `-W-co-Xn-bp NnePohn-I-sf-n ]dbmw. Nn{Xw 1 sImSp-Xvkvt]mp-hK-ns Hcp Pp-hm-Wv.kky--sf-tmse ]md-I-fnepw apw ]n-n-Sn-mWv kvt]mp-I hf-cp-I. Iptd-mew Chkky--fm-sW-mWv imkv{X- Icp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv. sh-nse sNdp Pohn-I-fmWv Ch-bpsS `Ww. hmb F `mKw Chbvn-.]Icw icocw \ndsb [mcmfw sNdp Zzmc--fp-v. {]tXyI tImi--fnse v^fmP-pI Nen-nv ico-c-n-\-I-tbvv Hcp Pe-{]-hmlwDm-pw. CXn-eqsS hcp sNdp Pohn-Isf{]tXyI tImi- ]nSn-s-Sp-pw. ico-c-n-se-p Pew henb H Zzmc-n-eqsS ]pd-tbvv t]mIpw.

cm-as Nn{X-n ImWn-n-cn-p-XvIS^m F-dn-b-s-Sp Pp-hmWv. ]hn-g-p-p-I-fpsS AI _p-hm-Wn-Xv. aqm-as Nn{Xw IS enn-I F hn`m-K-nse AwK-am-Wv. cp Pohn-Ifpw kvt]mp-I t]mse Hcp ev nc-ambn Dd-n\ne-bn-em-Wv. Ccw PohnXw \bn-pISPp hn`m-K- C\n-bp-ap-v. Ch-bp-sS-sbms emh-I k-cn-m Ign-hp--h-bm-Wv.

(Xp-S-cpw)

Ubm--

8 2014 amv 1

ImSn-dn ]pg-\on Cud-t\msS h Imn-t\mSp Ipn-qhv tNmZn-p. "ImtImt, ]pXnb hntijw Fsm-s-bmWv?

"ImSpw Imn-ep--hcpw \in-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. ]pgbpw ]pg-bn-ep--hcpw acn-p-sIm-pan-cn-p-p.'

"Atm Iw. Ft C{X s]sv C-s\-sbms?'"ac-amWv ImSn\p hn\-bm-bXv. aW ]pgbvpw hn\-bmbn.'"CXp \ Xam-i. ac-an-s-n ImSpw aW-en-s-n ]pg-bp-aptm?' ImSpw ]pg-

bp-an-s-n a\p-jy-sc-s\ Pohnpw?"\o ]d-Xp kXyw. ]t Fm a\p-jypw As\ tXmt? `qan-bp-sS-

A-h-Im-in-I Ah am{X-am-sWm hnNm-cw...'"Atm Iw...' ]qhn\p apgp-an-m-\m-bn-. Atm-tgbvpw Btcm Ahsf sNSn-

bn \npw ASn-sb-Sp-p Ignncpp. AXp Ip Imp thKw ]pg-\onIS-ep-I-Sp Zqtcbvp HmSn-sbm-fn-p.

Imp t]mb hgnjm^n tIm-bn

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : kNo-{ Imd-Up

9 2014 amv 1

Ipn: hc-fp--a-pao sNSn-Ifpw Infn-IfpwHcp-t]mse amSn-hn-fnsChnsS \o s]msX t]mb-sX-m-sWsIcn-ap-In Im--dpo?

apIn:Ign-bn-s-\n--Xn-tm-a-t\-sb-psShgn-bn-se ssII ]nSn-mhcn-h-cn-bmbv hp-\n-sm-cm-Ip-p-IChnsS \ns-tm v t]mbn.

Ipn: a[p-c-ambv ]mp-I ]mSn--fn-sm-scabn-emSpw Ipnse IpcphoChn-sS-bn-tm hp ]mSm--sXp \oFhn-tSbvv \o t]mbva-dp?

Infn: ]e ]e ]mp-I ]mSn-c-kn-p-hm]e-cp-am-sbm-p-I-fn-mChn-sS-bn-p-m-a-c--sf IaWoFhn-sS-bn-cpp Rm ]mSpw.

Ipn: Xncp-thm-W-\m-fn-se sXmSn-I-fn Nncn-bp-ambv]Xn-hmbv hcm-dp XptChnsS \n Xq-sha amp t]mbnp \osXmSn-Isf Ft-a-dp?

Xp: ]cn-ip--am-sbmcmsXmSn-I-fn-sem-sbpwhnj-at \nd-bp--Xn-tmFs\ Rm hp Xma-kn-o-Spam\-bn-m-Xmw an

Ipn: C\nbpw ]cn-n-Sm Imn-cn-p--h]e-cp-ap-o-a-n-en-tmAh-km-\-sam-cp-Zn\w Rmt\-I-\m-IptamIcp-W-bn-m-sm-co \mn?

Fw.-Fw.-cm-P

RmGI-\m-Iptam?


10 2014 amv 1

]v djy-bn-semcp cmPm-hp-m-bn-cp-p. Hcn-bv-e-tlw t]Sn-s-Sp-p Hcpkz]v\w Ip. Fm-W-sX--t? cw Cn-p-ho-gp \mhp]pd-t-bvn v Xpdn Ip-I-fp-ambn Hcp Ipdp- sIm-m-c-nse apdnIfmb apdn-I-fn-semw Ib-dn-bn-d-p-p.kz]v\w I cmPmhv sRn-bp-Wp. F{X Btem-Nn-n-pw At-l-n\v kz]v\-n-s AYw a\-n-em-bn-. cm-Pm-hn-\msI ]cn-{ -`a-am-bn. A-tlw DSs\ Xs a{n-amschcpn Ah-tcmSv kz]v\-s-n ]d-p. AhpwAXns AYw ]nSn-In- n-bn-.

]nt-Zn-hkw cmPmhv Xm-I kz]v\-ns AYw]d-p-sIm-Sp-p BvBbncw dq_n km\w sIm-Sp-p--Xm-sWv cmPy-p-S-\ofw sImn-b-dn-bn-p.

sImn-b-dn-bn-p-tI v ]ecpwcmPm-hns\ kao-]nv kz]v\-hym-Jym\w \S-n. cmPm-hn\vAsXmpw Xr]vXn-I-c-ambntXmn-bn-.

{Kma-n-sem-cn-Sv ChmFp t]cp ]mh-s-smcpIj-I-\p-m-bn-cp-p. Abm-fpw cmPm-hns sImn-b-dn-bn-p tIn-cp-p. AXn-\p-tijwAbm-fpsS Nn kz]v\-s-p-dnp am{X-am-bn. F{X Xe]pI-m-tem-Nn-npw Abm--Xns s]mcp-f-dn-bm Ign-n-.

A-s\-bn-cns Hcp Znh-

\bpw Xnbpwhn.-Fw.-tam-l\(d-jy \mtSm-Sn--Y)

11 2014 amv 1

kw Chm hgn-b-cn-In-epHcp ac-p-h-n-en-cpv kz]v\-s-n kz]v\w ImWp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. AXn-\n-S-bn-e-bmBtcm-sS-n-msX Ipd-p-ds]dp:

""lm! Cu s]mmp]nSnkz]v\-ns AY-samp]nSn-In-n-bm Fs ZpcnXwXocpw. ]d-n-sp Imcyw?AXn-s\s a-bnhcs?!''

""Hm, AXn{X {]bm-k-apImcy-sam-p-a. cmPmhp Ikz]v\-ns AYw F\n--dn-bmw.''

CXp-tI Chm Xn-n-S-s-gp-tv \mep-]mSpw t\mn. Bscbpw Imm-\n-. ap-I-fn-tep t\mn-b-tm ac-sm-n Hcp sNdnb ]n-sb Ip; \oe-\n-d-ap-smcp]n.

""Ctm kwkm-cn-Xv \o-tbm, AtXm thsd h-h-cp-tam?'' Chm ]n-tbmSp tNm-Zn-p.

""kwi-bn-t-, Rm\mWvkwkm-cn-Xv.'' ]n ]d-p.

""\n\p cmPmhp I kz-]v\-ns AYw Adn-bm-sa-mtWm ]d-bp--Xv.'' ChmIpd-sm-cm--cy-tmsS tNmZn-p.

""Adn-bm-sa-sm-cn- ]d-nt?''

""Fs s]mp \oe--o,\o-sX-\np ]d-p-X-cptam?''

""]d-p-X-cmw.'' ]n ]d-p. ""Fm cmPm-hn \n-pw Inp {]Xn-^ -e-nst\]-IpXn F\np Xc-Ww.Fp ]d-bpp?''

""Hm, Xcmw, Xcmw. Inp--XnmXn \n\v. Hpw kwi-bn--.'' Chm Bm-Z-tmsS ]d-p.

Fm AYw tItm-fq.

cmPmhv kz]v\-n I Ip-dp- cmPm-hns\ h[nv A[n-Imcw ssI-em-m Xw-t\m-n-bn-cn-p i{Xp-hm-Wv.sImmcw Cu alm-cm-Pyhpw. F-{Xbpw thKw Cu i{Xp-hns\Ip-]n-Snv Cm-bva-sN-mcmPm-hn-t\mSp ]d-bq. Cs-nAXm-]-m-Wv.''

Chm\p hfsc ktm-j-am-bn. Abm ]np \n ]d-v t\sc sImm-c-n-tepXncn-p. sImm-c-n-sen cm-Pm-hns\ apJw ImWnv ChmXmgva-tbmsS ]dp:

""Xncp-ta-\o, Ap-I kz-]v\-ns AYw F\n--dn-bmw. Fm-eXv ap--h-cpsSapnshv ]d-bm ]n-.''

cmPm-hv Chms\ Xs kz-Im-cy-ap-dn-bn-tev Iqn-sm-p-t]m-bn. Chm cmPm-hn\v kz-]v\-ns AYw ]d-p-sIm-Spp; ]n ]d-Xv h-n-]pn sXm-sX.

Fmw tIp-I-gn cmPm-hv Ipd-p-t\cw Ftm Nnn-np ]d-p:

""Xm ]d-bp--Xn bpn-bp-v. AXv hmkvX-h-amtWmF-dn-b-s. aqp Znhkw Ign-p-h-cq.''

Chm cmPm-hns\ hWnaS-n-tm-bn. \memw ZnhkwAbm cmP-k-n-[n-bn-se-n.cmPmhv Chms\ {]Xo-n-n-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.

(Xp-S-cpw)

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : sI.kXojv

12 2014 amv 1

tIc-f-nse \nXy-l-cn-X-h-\--fnIp-h-cp Hcp Iq hn-s-Sn-bpsS im-kv{X-\m-a-amWv "FmSm' Fv ]d-m hniz-kn-ptam? Im-hn FmWv ae-bmfwt]cv. Cu Imp-h-n-bpsS ImbmWv `qan-bnseGhpw \ofw-Iq-Snb ImbvsbXpw imkv{XIuXp-I-am-Wv.

]qh-n-I-sf-p-dn-m-Wtm Ign--e---fn ]d-p-h--Xv. Atm-gmWv Cu Iqhn-s-Sn-sb-p-dnv Hm-Xv. Ccw henbhn-s-Sn-Isf Zmcp-eX (Liana) FmWv hnfn-

p--Xv. CXns ]q A{X BI-j-I-sam-p-a-. AXp-sImv ]qh-n-sbv ]d-b-. F-nepw ImbpsS imkv{X-Iu-Xp-Ihpw imkv{X-\m-a-ns {]tXy-I-Xbpw IW-n-se-Sp-v, CuImp-h-n-sb-qSn Hp ]cn-N-b-s-Smw. In-h-n, ImI-h-n, Imp-h-n, ]c--h-n, a-Imbv hn, ae-a-mSn Fo t]cp-Ifpw {]mtZ-in-Im-Sn-m-\-n BZn-hm-kn-I hnfn-p-p-v. B\-hn (Elephant Creeper) FmWvCwojv t]cv.

Iqp-Im-cpsS BImw IW-n-se-SpvBZyw CXns imkv{X-\m-a-ns hntijw ]d-bmw. AXn\v imkv{X-\m-a-ns Ncn-{X-n-tevXs t]mtI-n-h-cpw. ]Xn-t\gmw \qm-nsImn-bnse Uv ssk\ym-[n-]-\m-bn-cp sl-{UnIv B{Un-bm hm doUv, 1678 1693 Ime-b-f-hn 12 hmey--fn-embn eo `mj-bn{]kn-o-I-cn tlmqkv ae-_m-dn-kv(Hortus Malabaricus) F {K-amWv Cy-bnsekky--sf-p-dnv imkv{Xo-b-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p BZy {Kw. ae-bmfw en]nbn BZyw A-Sn ]pkvXIw F {]tXy-I-Xbpw CXn-\p-v.

]pkvX-I-ns cN-\-bvmbn ae-_m {]tZ-i-p-\npw `rXy-m aptJ\ tiJ-cn kky--fpsS ae-bmfw t]cp-Ifpw D]-tbm-K-fpwhm doUn\v ]d-p-sIm-Sp-Xv Cn ANyp-XF sshZy\pw At-l-ns klm-bn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-p. Cn ANyp-X ]d-p-sIm-Sp ae-bmfw t]cp-I-fmWv ]pkvX-I-n hnh-cn-n- p780 kky-pw eo en]n-bn A-SnptNn- p--Xv. ae-bm-fw, sImnWn Fo Zn-tW-y en]n-I-fnepw t]cv Fgp-Xn-bn- p-v. C-

tUm.-B.-Akmcn

kky-tem-Is hnti-j-

13 2014 amv 1

-c-n sImp-h Hcp Imp-h-n-bpsSsImv In- v, sNSn GsXv s]sv a\-n-em-Im-Xn-cp Cn ANyp-X AXv klm-bn-IsfImWn-n v CXv "FmSm?' Fv tNmZn-n- p-m-h-Ww. FmSm FXv sNSn-bpsS t]cmWv F-v sXn-cn doUn (AYhm A-t-l-nsklm-bn) As\ t]cv Fgp-Xp-Xv Xncp-mCn ANyp-X apXnn-. Cn ANyp-X\v hntZ-in-bmb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-tbm-Sp am\-knI {]Xn-tj-[-hpw, As\ Fgp-Xp--Xn-ep \a-hp-am-IWw At-ls AXn\v t{]cn-n--Xv.As\ tlmqkv ae-_m-dn--kn (hmeyw9, Nn{Xw 77) sNSn-bpsS t]cv eo `mj-bnFmSm (Entada) Fv ASn-p-h-p.

bqtdm-nse kky-im-kv{X--cpsS CS-bnHcp imkv{X-{K--ambn AwKo-Imcw t\Snbtlmpkv ae-_m-dn--knse \nc-h[n ae-bmfw

t]cp-I ]nm-ev kky--fpsS imkv{X-\m-a--fmbn amdn-bn- p-v. (B t]cp-I-sf-p-dnv]noSv Fgp-Xmw). A-c-n ssat A-Uk F imkv{X- Im-h-nvFmSm F t]cv Po\kv \ma-ambn \In.Cv temI-sa-p-ap imkv{X-cpw hnZym-Yn-Ifpw Cu kkys FmSm doUn (Entadarheedei) Fv hnfn-p-p. FmSm ]ko(Entada pursaetha) F imkv{X-\m-a-amIpw]gb ]pkvX-I--fn ImWp--Xv. sXmm-hm-Sn-bpsS IpSpw-_-amb ssatam-tkkn (Mimosa-ceae)bnse AwK-amWv Fm-Sm.

Cym atejym {]tZ-i--fnse ImSp-I-fnImWp `oam-Im-c-amb hn-bmWv Im-h-n.Ce-I henb kwbp ]{X- (Compo-und leaf) BWv. a-\n-d-n-ep sNdnb ]q-, \op-cp Ipe-I-fm-bmWv (spike) ImWp--Xv. Hc ao hsc \ofhpw 10 sko-ao--tdmfw hoXn-bp-ap ImbvIp-n 5 apX30 hsc Dcp-p-]-c, Ip-t]mse In-bp ]pd-tm-tSm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b, henb hnp-I-fp-m-Ipw.sXmm-hm-Sn-bpsS ImbvI t]mse Dn hn-p-I-fp `mKw ImbpsS ]pdv apg-p-Im-Wmw. ImbvI app-tm Hmtcm hnp`mKhpw Hsm-mbn ths] v tXmtSm-Sp-IqSnapdn-p-ho-gpw. Ccw ImbvIsf imkv{X- semsaw (Lomentum) Fv hnfn-pw.

BZn-hm-kn-I CXns hnn-\p-nse ]-cnv Acv apSn Igp-Im D]-tbm-Kn-p-p. ao-\ns\ sImv ]nSn-m-\p hnj-ambpw ]cnvD]-tbm-Kn-m-dp-v.

(Ah-km-\n-p)

14 2014 amv 1

""Ipn-Itf, Rm\npDWXv Hcp kz]v\w Ip-sIm-mWv''

""Fp kz]v\m So-td...''""Hcp \mn]p-d-qsS Rms\s

kvIqn-bn ]qzm-bn-cp-p...''""Fnv?''""Ccp-]p-dhpw ac- \ng-en- , Hcp

Bsfm-gn ew...''""v v?''""s]sv Fs hosS

]nN{Iw ]-dm-bn..''""Atm-tgm?''""Rm\vSv DWp...''

kz]v\w Nnev...Fw.-Ir-jvW-Zm-kv

""Imbn So-td...''""AXn-\ Rm kz]v\-ns

Imcyw ]d--Xv...''""]ns...''""kz]v\w Nne-tm ^en-p-

sap ]d-bm-\m-Wv...''""AsX--s\...''""cmhnse ]pd-s Rm kvIqn

mm-n-b-tm-gp-v...''


15 2014 amv 1

""Fm So-td?''""kvIqosS ]nN{Iw ]-dm-bn-cn-p-Wq...''AI-p--h Ap-X-s- n-cn-p-tm...""l... l... l...'' ]pd-p-\npw Nncn.IhnX ]Tnp hcm--Xn\v ]pd-m-nb ic-

m-Wv. Sov icnpw tZjyw hp. AhAhs\ Bf-bp hcp-n.

""Xms\-n\m Nncn--Xv...''""So-dpsS kz]v\w tIn- v...''

""AXn-s\m Ipg-w... Rm ]d-Xv kXy-am-Wv...''

""AXp-sIm- Sotd, Rm Nncn-Xv...''""]ns...''""Fs kz]v\w IqSn Hmp-t]m-bn...''""Fm ... Xs kz]v\w.''""So km\w Xcp--Xv...'' AXpw ]dv

Ah ]pd-tbvv t]mbn.

s^{_p-hcn 1 D-cw

{]iv\-]ZwAn-mb

Ccp- p-IpnIpp-]SnXmgvpg]nmWn

Cu e-nse{]iv\]Z- ChbmWv

s\bvpn s\bv Hgn-p-h-bvm-\p ]m{Xw

]-p-Xnc Hcp Xcw ]m, hnn, ]-\n-d-ap Hcp {]mWn

amdm- Fp-Im-en-h-e, amdme

sIm-m-ecn an, sIm-a-n, Hcp AmSn acpv

kmv kuP-\y-ambn hmp--Xv, shdpsX Inp--Xv,Nmv Fpw ]dbpw

Ab-t hnemkw:-{]-iv\]Zw, amv 1,bpdo-, Nme-p-dw,tImgn-tm-Sv- 673 002.

o

16 2014 amv 1

Ae-Ivkm- dmkvIn

hnh -\w:- i-cXv aq

A Hcp ]nsb CW-pp

2

hnZy AXns Ip-I-fn-tev Iptd t\cw Xpdn-p-t\m-p-I-bm-Wv.''

Abm ]dXv t\cm-bn-cp-p. Imc-Ww, Abm-sfmp t\mn-b-tm-tgbvpw knwlw Hcpqfn hn-cp-p. ]nsHcp henb ho-bpsS apI-fn NmSn--b-dn. AXn-\p-tijw N-Xp-t]mse InS-p. B a\p-jys Ip-Isf t\cn-Sm Ign-bm--Xp-sIm-mWv knwlwAsXms sNbvX-Xv.

Abm-fpsS {]I-S-\-n-s\mw hmZy-tLm-j--fp-ap-m-bn-cp-p. CS-bvnsSImWn-I Bth-i-tmsSI-Snv Abmsf A`n-\-n-p-sIm-n-cp-p. Atm-sgmsAbm s\n ssItNp-shv Fm-h-tcbpwhW-n. Abm-sf-tmseHcp arK-]-cn-io-e-I-\m-I-W-sav AtmsA Xocp-am-\n-p. h\y-ar-

K--sfmpw BZyw th.hon hfp GsX-nepw arKs ]cn-io-en-n-p-sImv XpS-m-savA hnNm-cn-p. AvA Hcp sNdnb Ipn-bm-bn-cpp tItm. knwl-fpwISp-h-Ifpw Xs-tmseXpS--mp C\--fFv \m-b-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-p.AXp-sIm-p-Xs BZywHcp ]nsb CW-m-sa-mWvIcp-Xn-b-Xv. henb ]n-bm-I-cp-Xv. GsX-nepw Hcp sNdnb]nsb Ip-]n-Sn--Ww.

A[nIw sshImsXA ]nb Hns\ Is-p-I-Xs sNbvXp.

B ] -W-n sNdnbHcp ]mp-m-bn-cp-p.Ctm AXns m\vhenb ]mm-Wp--Xv.apn Fpw As\ B]mn Ifn-m sImp-t]m-Ipw. Hcp Znhkw ]Xn-hp-t]mse apn A-s\bpwIqn ]mn-se-n. As\

A Ipn-bm-bn-cp--tm Hcn- kkvImWm t]mbn. A\v AXvhf-sc-b-[nIw C-s-Sp-IbpwsNbvXp. AXn arK--sf-smv ]e A`ym-k-fpwsNn-p Hcm-fp-m-bn-cp-p. A\v G-hp-a-[nIwC-am-bXv Abm-sf-bm-Wv.B a\p-jys Xnf-pIpm-bhpw apw A\v\t t_m[n-p. knwl-pw ISp-h-Ip-samw Abmsf t]Sn-bm-bn-cp-p. Abm-fpsS Hcp IntXmpw at In Nm -hm-dp-ap-m-bn-cp-p. ]tAbm Ah-sbmpw Hcn-epw D]-tbm-Kn-n-cp-n-.

""Fs t\mw ImWp-tms arK- t]Sn-pw. Ahbvv Fs Ip-Isf t]Sn-bm-Wv.'' AbmImWn-I-tfmSv hnfn-p-]-d-p.""Fs {][m\ Bbp[wFs Ip-I-fm-Wv. GXvarK-sbpw Iog-S-m-\p

Ifn-m hnn v apn Hcps_n-en-cpv hmb\ XpS-n. Ipd-p-t\cw Ign--tm Hcp kv{Xo Hcpshfp ]n-sbbpw sImvAhn-tSbvv hp. ap-n-bpsS sXm -p-ds s_n-en-cpv Ahcpw hmb\ XpS-n. sNdnb Hcp ]n-p- n-bm-bn-cpp AXv. s_n-\-Sn-bn InS-p-sImv AXvAs\ Xpdn-p-t\m-n.""Fs Hv CWq Ipo.Rms\-{X-Im-e-ambn Imn-cn-p-p. Fs-sbmv t\mn-bm aXn, AtmsRm CW-p--Xm-Wv.''Fv AXv XtmSv]dbpIbm-sWv A\ptXmn.

A ]nsb CW-m-\mbn aptmp \S-p.apn ]pkvXIw hmbn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. ]n-bpsS DS-a--bmb kv{Xobpw]pkvXIw hmbn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. AhnsS \S--sXmpw Ah cp-t]cpwIn. ]n-pn A-s\-s Xpdn-p-t\m-n-smv s_n-\-Sn-bn InS-p. A sas sasAXns t\sc \on-sm-n-cp-p.

""Hm; CXn\v Fs t\mwXmm Ign-bp-p-v.''A kzbw ]d-p,""knwl-n-em-bn-cpp ]co-n-t-n-bn-cp--Xv... Cu]n a\-p-am-n-sbptXmp-p. CXv CW-p--

a- n-...''\ NqSp

Znh-k-am-bn-cp AXv. AXp-sIm-p-Xs A jn- n-cp-n-. Hcp sNdnb {Sukam{X-am-bn-cpp thjw.A ]n-bpsS t\vASp-p-sIm-n-cp-p. AXm-sW-n As\st\mn-smv A\-msXInS-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. AAXns sXm -Sp-s-n.Atm-sg-p-m-sbtm?AXv NmSn-sb-gp-tv A\vHcp ISn sImSp-p. Ashb--mWv ISn-tb--Xv.]ns Ahn-sS-bp-mb_lfw ]d-bm-Xn-cn-p-I-bmWv t`Zw. A hen-b-hm-bn \ne-hn-fn-p. ap-nbpw \ne-hn-fn-p. ]n-bpsSDS-a-bpw \ne-hn-fn-p. ]n\nmsX Ipc-p-sIm-n-cp-p. \ne-hn-fn-p--Xn-\n-S-bn A hnfn-p-Iq-hn.

""Atm Fs ]n-I-Sn-t... Fs hbdv ]n ISn-p-

s]m-fn-t...''ap-nbpw

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : tdmj

18 2014 amv 1

hnfn-p-Iqhn ""FsIpns\ ]n-I-Snt...''

Atm ]n-bpsS DS-a-bpw hnfn-p-Iq-hn.

""Cu Ipn-bmWv Fs]nsb D]-{Z-hn--Xv. Fs]n Btcbpw ISn-n- n-...''

]nbpw hnfn-p-Iq-hn.]t AXmpw a\-n-em-bn-. Bfp-I HmSn-q-Sn.""`b-cw Xs...'' Ah ]d-p. ]mns Imhm-c HmSn-h-p.

""Ipo; \o ]nsb D]-{Z-hntm?'' Abm tNmZn-p.

""C... Rm\n-Xns\ CW-m t\mn-b-Xm-Wv.'' AXp-tI v Fm-hcpw Nncn-p.

""Fs\?''""Rm AXns t\sc

Xpdn-p-t\m-n-smv ASp-t-bvp-sN-p. AXn\va\p-jys t\mwXmm Ign-bn-svCtm F\nv a\-n-em-bn...''

hopw Fm-hcpwNncn-p.

""Ch ]d-Xp tIn-t...Ch-\mWv Ip-m-c.''

B kv{Xo ]d-p.""Fs ]nsb CW-mCh-t\m-Smcm ]d--Xv.'' ap-n-bpsS t\sc hncNq-n-smv Ah XpSp.""Ipnsb t\mm--Xn\v\n-sf-bmWv inn-t--Xv.''

AXp-tI v apn A-c-p. Ahv Hpw ]d-bmIgn-n-. AtmImhm-c ]d-p.

""AXm, B t_mUvItm? ]n-Isf AIpsImp-h-cm ]mSn-FmWv AXn-se-gp-Xn-bn-cn-p--Xv. Ipn-Isf sImp-h-cm

]mSn Fm-bn-cp-s-nRm Xo-bmbpw Chv]ng-bn-Sp-am-bn-cp-p.''Imhm-c ]n-bpsS DS-a--bpsS t\sc Xncnp-sImv XpSp. ""Ctm\n ]ng-b-S-bv-Ww.Fn v ]nsbbpw sImvDS ]pd-p-t]m-hp-IbpwthWw. Cu Ipn Ifn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. \n-fpsS ]nISn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp...ChnsS Ifn-mw. ]t ISn-m ]mSn-. ]ns, Ipn-Ifpw Ipd-sms {in--Ww. Ipn Fn-\mWv ASp-t-bvv h-sXv ]nFs\ Adnbpw? AXv

hnNm-cnp \o AXns\ISn-m sN-Xm-sW-

v. AXp-sIm-mWvCsXms Dm-b-Xv. a\-n-emtbm\n\v?''

19 2014 amv 1

""a\-n-em-bn...'' A ]d-p. AtXmsS As a\-n arK-sf CW-m-\ptamlhpw AkvX-an-p. ]n-I-Sn--Xns Ipg--sampw Dm-Im-Xn-cn-m-\p apI-cp-X-embnAs\ Bkv]-{Xn-bnsImp-t]mbn Ipn-sh-n-t-n-h-p. AXpwIqSn Ign--tm arK-sf CWptPmen Hcp KpW-hp-an-m--Xm-sWv A\v t_m[y-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

arK-v a\p-jy-cpsSXpdn-p-t\mw Xmm Ign-bn-sp ]d-bp--Xn-s\-p-dnvA\v kz-ambn Nne A`n-{]m-b-fpm-bn. henb Hcp ]n-bpsS I]oen-I ]dn-s-Sp-m {ian-p Hcp ]s\]noSv I-tm A\vAhs am\-kn-Im-h Ffp--n a\-n-em-m Ign-p. B ]\v cp Ihn-fn-ep-amWv ISn Inn-b-Xv. hb--m-bn-cp-n. Fnepw Ah\v hb--p-Xs kqNn-sh-bvt-n-h-p.

(XpS-cpw)

sImXnknp F.-]n,

An-h-c-smcptNmn-sem-cm-nsXn hcp-XpImWp-tmHp ISnm

sap sImXntmIS-e-e

Ip-I \opp!

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : tdmj

20 2014 amv 1

1766 sl\vdn Imh-Unjv Fmcp {_nojv ck-X-{- Ip Hcp hmX-I-s-p-dnv e-\nse tdm-b skmssk-n-bn Hcp{]_w Ah-X-cn-n-p-I-bp-m-bn. Cu hmX-I-n\v hm-bp-hn-t\-m km{X Ipd-hm-sWv Abm a\-n-em-n-bn-cp-p. k^yq-dnv Bkn-Upw teml-fpw D]-tbm-KnvCu hmXIw Dm-m ]p-sapw Abm hnh-cn-p. ]n-oSv 1781 {^v ck-X-{-\mb emthm-kntb BWvCu hmX-I-n\v ssl{U-PFv t]cn- -Xv.

ImhUn-jns Cu Ip-]n-Sp--sp-dnv {^p-Im-c-\mb Nmkv Fsmcp bph-im-kv{X- {im-]qhw]Tn-p. Nmkpw tdm_ v k-tlm-Z-c-m F cp-t]cpwtNv tamSv tKm^ _-eq-Wn ssl{U-P \ndv ]-co-n-p. CsXmcp h hnP-b-am-bn-cp-p. tamSv tKm-^ _eq-Wns Hcp henb\yq\-X, AXnse ]pI XWp-p-tm _eq X-m-t\ Xmtgbvv hcp-sa--Xm-bn-

ssl{U-P _-eq-Wp-I,loenbw _eq-Wp-I

3

]n.-Fw.-knmY

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : sI.kXojv

21 2014 amv 1

cp-p. ssl{U-P _eq-Wn\vCu {]iv\-an-. F{X kabwthW-sa-nepw ]dv \S-mw.

Nmkns {ia- I-tm BZys _eq bm-{X-\-S-nb tdmknbv Hcp-{K sFUnbm hp. NqSp]pI-bpw, ssl{U-P\pw IqSn\nd-m _eq IqSp-X\mbn ]d-nt? tdmkn-b]co-np. ^etam? _eq-Wn\v Xo]n-Snv tdmkn-b acn-p. ssl{U-P Ip hm-X-I-am-sW Imcyw ]mhw tdm-kn-b Hmn-. loen-b-n-s Ip-]n-Sp--tmsS A]-I-S-c-ln-X-amb loenbw _eq-Wp-I D]-tbm-Kn-m XpS-n.

Ctmgpw ]e Imcy--

pw _eq-Wp-I D]-tbm-Kn-p-p-v. Imem-h-m-]-T-\-n\pw Imns KXnbpw thK-Xbpw ]Tn-m\pw Af-m\pw_eq-Wp-I D]-tbm-Kn-p-p-v. Ib-dp-]-tbm-Knv `qan-bp-ambn _n-n-p-\nnb _-eq-WpI Hcp ]vfmvt^mw B-bn D]-tbm-Kn-m-dp-v. ChtdUn-tbm, sSen-hn-j {]t-]-W-n\v Xmm-enI dntetj-\p-I-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn-mw.

]t, _eq-Wp-Isf \nb-{n-m hnj-a-am-Wv. AXn-\m CXv \nc--c-amb bm{X-Iv A\p-tbm-Py-a-. F-m _eq-Wn kml-kn-I-bm{X sNp-h [mcm-f-ap-v. bqtdm-]y cmPy--fn

Iq -am-bn- p _eq bm{XHcp hnt\m-Z-am-Wv.

_eq-Wn Ibdn kml-kn-I-ambn temIw Npn-b-h-cp-v.Fm-en-h D]-tbm-Kn _eq-Wp-I in-tb-dnb hkvXp-sImv \nan--Xpw, B[p-\nI kmt-Xn-I-hn-Zy-I D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xp-am-Wv. s{]m-t] (F.-]n.-Pn) Kymkv I-n-mWv NqSv hmX-I-ap-m-p--Xv. IqSmsX AXym-[p-\n-I \nb-{W kwhn-[m-\--fp-ap-v. 1999 s_{Sv ]nm-Uv, {_nbm tPmkv Fn-h-cmWv _eq-Wn \nmsXtemIw-Np-n-b-h. 2002 ohvt^mkv F-bm-fmWv BZy-ambn Hbvv _eq-Wn tem-Iw-Np-n-b-Xv. o

kp

22 2014 amv 1

A[nIw thA[nIw shbn-ep-sIm-m ico-c-n\p h

KpW--hp-aptm Fv tNmZn-m \n ]dbpw:Dv, hnm-an Un Dm-hm Cfw shbn sIm-

Ww. Fm h tZmjhpw hcptam Fp tNmZn-mtem? i-amb shbn-ep-sIm-m Nne tZmj--sfm-s-bp-v. c-k-Zw Db-cm-\n-S-bm-Ipw.IqSmsX lrZ-b-n\pw izmk-tIm-i-n\pw XI-cm-dp--h IqSp-X shbn-ep-sIm-p-Xp \-X-. shfp sXm-en-bp--hv sXmen-bnse Imk-dn\pw km[y-X-bp-v.

sNhn-bm- A-co--nse NqSv kln-m-\m-hmsX hcp-

tm tZl-ns Xm]-\ne \nb-{n-m \{ian-m-dp-v. Hp-In DuXpw As-n hoipw.(^m\nsbpw G.-kn-bpsSbpw Imcyw AhnsS\n-s) arK-fpw Cs\ tZl-ns Xm]-\ne \nb-{n-m {ian-m-dp-v. D-h--d-nXnS-tn \np B\ sN-sm- n-s\mw sN-hn-bm- p-Xv Xmfw ]nSn-m-\-. {][m\ ImcWw

NqSn \nv c-s-Sm Xs.

km-\-tmZyw

Ftmsm-gp-Ipp?\psS 44 \Zn-I-fn aqv Fw

Ing-tm v Hgp-Iphbm-Wv. ]mm, `hm-\n, I_-\n Fn-h-bm-W-h. CXn ]mmdpw `hm-\nbpwXan-gv\m- n-temWv Hgp-Ip--Xv. I_\n Ftm vHgp-Ipp? GXp kwm-\-n-tev? km-\-tm-Zys Adn-bn-q.

sXn-mdn\op-sa-en ] DS, hr-in-J-c--fn

Npn-n-S-pw. B t\cv Xncn--dn-bm Xs {]-bm-kw. ASpv thsd ac-n--I-fp-s-n Hd--emWv; hmbp-hn-eqsS sXnsn... ]mnst]c-dn-bmtam? "sImtdn' Fp-X-s. imkv{X-\m-aw {Utbm-^nkv ssaIvsS-dn-kmkv (Dryophismycterizans). tIc-f-n Fm-bn-Spw ImWp- CXn\v ISp hnj-sam-p-an-. ]tm-e-m-v,]n-e-m-v, Nm -hm-d ]mv Fn--s\-sbmsNne t]cp-n-Xn-\v.

pc-`n-h-N\

23 2014 amv 1

ssIX-pWnssIX---bp-m-hp sNSn-bp-

sS Ce-I In- nt? \ov ]-\n-d-am Ce-I. CXp-sImv NneD]-tbm-K--sfm-s-bp-v. Fm-sW-tm? XpWn s\ Xs. Chn-sS-b-, Ap-Zq-sc, ^ nens-bnknepwssN\-bnepw.

ssIX Ce-I-fnse sh-\n-d-ap \mcp-I(ss]-\-ss -^_ Fp-t]-cv) thXn-cn-s-Spv Xp-Wn-s\-p-p-. ^nen-oknse ssIX-\mcv XpWn(ss]-t\m-tm-v) hfsc hne-Iq-Snb, {]i-kvX-ambHcp -C-\-am-Wv.

H-tmZywhnZymYn-Ipw D]-

{Klw Dmn {`a-W-]-Y-n-se-n-m ]ptam?

Fp-sImv ]n?imkv{X-ta-f-I-fn hnZym-Yn-I Dmn {]Zin-n-p C\-fn F{X-{i-t-b-am-bh Dv. CubnsS bp.-F-nse ssl-kvIq hnZymYn-I \nan Hcp D]-{Klw \mkhnP-b-I-c-ambn {`a-W-]-Y-n-se-n kw`hw hen-b hm-bm-bn-cp--tm.

C-gn \hw-_ 19\v shPo-\n-b-bn-em-bn-cpp kw -`hw. "SnsP Iyq_vkmv' F \mt\m D]-{K-l-am-bn-cpp AXv. tIm -b-p-Im-c-\mb tcml]pqkv F kSp hnZymYnbpw {]kvXpX D]-{K-l-\nam-W-kw-L-n-ep-m-bn-cp-p.

CXm Hcp aywCXmWv tImUv ayw. KmUkv tamlph (Gadus morhua)

Fv imkv{X-\m-aw. Dc AvemnIv kap-{Z-n ChImWsSp-p. Hcp hjw Ap Zi-ew ap-bnSpw Cuayw. Bg--S-en-emWv ap -bn-SpsXnepw AXv hncn-b-W-sa-n sh-n s]mn-n-S--Ww. sh-ns Xm]-\n-esbB{i-bn-mWv ap -hn-cn-bp-I. cp ao-tdmfw \of-ap tImUva-y-ns `mcw GI-tZiw 90 Intem-{Km-am-Wv.

cv hcnbn IqS-cp-Xv. km[m-cW t]mv ImUn Ab-m aXn.ASn-p-dn-n-s\mw t]cv, kvIq hnemkw, hop-hn-em-kw, t^m

Fnh tN-Ww. anI-h {]kn-o-I-cn-pw.

ASn-p-dn-p-m-q...

24 2014 amv 1

FhnsS?Cy-bn ]n-a-L-hpw ]qh-L-hpw

Hn-p ew Fhn-sS-bm-sWv ]d-bmtam?(Dcw 41- mw -t]-Pn)

Bcp-tSXv?{]i-kvX-cmb Nne hyn-I-fpsS B-I-Y-

I-fmWv Xmsg sImSp-p--Xv. Bcp-tStX-m-savFgp-Xn-t\m-mtam? (Dcw 41- mw -t]-Pn)

1. B-I-Y2. B-I-Ybvv Hcm-ap-Jw3. Fs Pohn-X-IY4. Fs hgn-b--e-5. B-tcJ

"{Iq {IqWt{Im sImdqW'

Xe-s v hmbn-n v Fs-nepw a\-n-emtbm? (Dcw41- mw -t]-Pn)

Fgp-p-akcw

B Imew_n-m Hcp Imewhm Fm-bn-cnpwAs a\p-jysPohn-Xm-h?Nnn-p-t\m-q.AsX-gpXn (10 hcn-bnIhn-b-cp-Xv) Zqc-Zin\nFgp-p-a--cs A-dn-bn-q. anI-h {]kn-o-I-cn-pw.

shn-p-d-s-gp-Xm! sImn-\p-dp-n-h-bvm!

Idp-ap-dp-Xn-m! Hcp ]mN-I-pc

25 2014 amv 1

]m lhFw.-a-Wn-I-WvT

aqv Iv ]men\v cv Iv]-kmc. CXn-tev Ac-vs\v \n_--am-Wv. C{Xbpw tN-cp-h-I Xm-dm-bm tNmC\n ImIv dh thWw.

Cu \mep tNcp-h-Ifpw Xm-dmn hbvp-I. ]mN-I-n-tevIS-mw.

Ch Hnv Hcp In-bp ]m{X-n FSpv sNdp-Xo-bn h-bvp-I. \mbn Cf-n-smvIpdp-n-sb-Sp--Ww.

ImgvN-bn lh ]cp-h-n-tev hn hn hcp-tm, Hcp ]c- ]m{X-n s\v ]pc- n, AXn-tev Hgn-p-h-bvp-I.

sNdp-Nq-Sn Xs ]c-n-h-v,XWp--tijw sImp-I-j-W--fm-n, C BIr-Xn-bn apdn-mw.XWp--tijw hnf-mw.

s\bv]-Dj ]n

D-c-a-e-_m-dnse Hcn--hn-` -h-am-Wn-Xv.Ipn-Iv Hbvv CXv Dm-m-\m-hn-.]pXnb kzmZv ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-m-\mbn ap-Xn-h AhnXv Dm-n-sm-Sp-q.

th km[-\- : H-c-v s]mnAcn, Ac-v sNdnb Dn, cv Sokv]qs]cpw PocIw, Hcp Iv tX, hdp-m-\m-h-iy-amb shfn-s-bpw Bh-iy-n\vDpw.

]mNIw sNp hn[w : s]mn Acn\ Xnf sh-n IpXnn-Sp-I. Nq-Sm-dn-b-tijw Acn Dun-sb-Sp--Ww.

C\n Acnbpw tXbpw Dnbpw Poc-Ihpw Bh-iy-n\v Dpw tNv \-t]mse Acv FSp--Ww.

shfn-s Hcp No\-- n-bn Hgnv NqSm-bm Ac Iq v A-sa-Spv ssIsh--bn hv ]c-n, F-bn-en v hdp-s-Sp--Ww. Aw Ign-bp-tm-tgbvpw s]m-n-h-cpw. s\bv]- Xm.

o

26 2014 amv 1

ISepw Iqp-Imcpw]rYzn Fkv

aghnjvWp-{]nb sI

an aW-ap hnn Ag-IpshWn app-t]mshn-sm-ep-p-t]m

Nmsc \osbp-smcm thf-bnF arZp-a-{Ww

\n ag-sm--enXmf-ambv CuW-ambv hoWp-Xnp.

_n.-F.-Cw-ojv en-td- hnv tPW-en-kw,enn v^f-h Cn-yq v Hm v^ tkmjyk-bkv &

slv (ssI-X-sm-bn)

_n \nn-d-n-b-tm apn ]pgbvpw IS-en\pw CS-bn-eqsS \op-t]m-Ip ""\S-mX''. Ccp-h-ipwCcn-n-S-. ]IpXn ZqcwRm\m ]mX-bn-eqsS \S-p. F-p-sImtm Hcp BIjWin IS-en-\p-m-bn-cp-p.t_q, Nmen-bw t_mp-sP- n-bnse ssevlukv A-IseHcp s]mp-t]mse ImW-s- p.\ndsb ao\p-I-fps#-ambn aS-p- t_mp-I ]pg-bn henbHmf- krn-p. I-e-n,sFkv{Iow hn-\-m hnZq-c-tbvv Ipw \n-cn-p-p. mnIv t_mn-ep-I IS-ens ku-cy-n\v ` wKw hcp-p-p-m-bn-cp-p. Xncn-p-t]m-cp-tm Rm Xncn-p-t\m-n. IS Cc-n-b-Sp-p-

p. ]pg \mZ-kzcw apg-p-p.apI-fn N{-\pw-Xm-c--fpw.\nem-hp B cm{Xn-bn F-s a\-n IhnX hncn-bp-I-

bm-bn-cp-p. ]t- AXn\p I-hn-bm GSp-I-fp-m-bn-cp-n-.

kmlnXn lukv, ImSm-p-g676553

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : cLp-\mYv Fw.-sI.

27 2014 amv 1

Xpcp-n Ccp--gn-Ip apn-se-{]-Xna H-\nAXn-\p-n \nv Hcp Ip-hmfn ]pd-p-h-p.

Abm-fpsS Ip-I-fn Ie-bp-m-bn-cp-p.a\-n Ip-t_m-[-ns Icn-\n-g-ep-m-bn-cp-p.

Xs-ssI-I Xm Adn-bmsXXpp-I-sf-t-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.

Xmt\mppAv,

Ie Ae-dn--c-n-cp-p.]no-Sv,

Xn-bpsS Iqm-c-n\p \Sp-hn\-hn-cn-bn-Xpw Xs ssII.

CXp Ivlr-Zbw s]mn--Ip.Ip-t_m[w Xmm-\m-hm-sX...

lrZ-b-iq-\y-\mbntZl-iq-\y-\mbn

Rm.""Rm\o {]Xn-abvv `mc-am-Ip-n.''

Ip-hmfn tKp IS-p.{]Xn-a-bpsS In \nvcnp Io hoWp.

7 F, Nf-hd Fv.-F-kv.-F-kv, Nf-hd ]n.-H, ]me-m-Sv 679505

]nm-pdwAizXn Pn.-B

ImWm temIwAcp-Wna F.-F-kv

Rm Hmp A ]d-p-X-n-cp IY-bnse Nphv, Xnf-w, BImiw CsXms F-s\-bmhmw Ccn-pI? Rm Ic-bp-tm A ]d-p-X-n-cp IYbnse `wKn-bp ]q. Nph-v,

a As\ At\Iw \nd-n-ep- ]q. ]t F\n-v AsXmpw ImWm Ign-bn-. Fs Gsd kvt\ln-pAsb ImWWw Fp-v. AXn\p Ign-bn Fs-\nvAdn-bmw. Ab-es Nnphpw Nnnbpw Fsmw Ifn-pw.AXneqsS Fv ckw Inp-sapw F\n--dn-bn-. ]qsfRm aWpw sXmp-sams t\m-nbnp-v. ]t, AXvImgvNbvv ]Icw BIptam? F\nv ImgvN-bn-sv RmHcm-tfmSpw ]d-n- n-. FtmSv Bcpw tNmZn-n- p-an-. Nne-tm A ]dbpw temIv ktmjw am{X-a Duln-mIgn-bm k-S-hp-ap-s-v. Atm F\np tXmpwIn Ccp- -S Rm CsXmpw ImWp-n. AXp-sImvktmjhpw k-Shpw Xncn--dn-bp-p-an-. Rm Ic-bpw.]t Bcpw Ic-bp-Xv F\n-n--a-. F\nv ImgvN th.Bcp-sSbpw kSw ImWp-Ibpw th.

7 _n, Bn]pdw bp.-]n.-F-kv, ]\-b-ap- w, Xncp-h-\--]pcw.

28 2014 amv 1

Ip -m-a Ap ]Xn-hnepw t\ct Fn. Hcp]t amb-mbn ]mp ]p-cmWw ]d-Xp sImm-h-Ww. ]pm-c-tam-fpsS hoc km-l-kn-I-X-I ]mhw amb-m-bnv Xmm-\m-hn-. AcwIpkr-Xn-Iv t{]mm-l\wAh-cpsS A Xs-bm-Wv.

icnpw Ip -mas\ Cf-b- FmWv a\p hnfn-t-

-Xv As A\n-b. F-m hey--bpsS a hnfn-p-Xv tI v Ah\pw Ip -m-h-s\v hnfnp ioen-p. Ip -m-a\pw amb-m-bn-bpw. Ip -m-a sNdp--n Hcp ]SphnIr-Xn-bm-bn-cp-s-mWv tI-n-cn-p--Xv. ]ns tamsf--s\ tami-am-hm\m! Ip -m-h-s\ IXpw Nnp Ah-fpsSkml-kn-I-X-I hnh-cn-m

XpS-n. Hs aqfn-t v Ip -m-h Ah-tfm-sSmw tImgn-q-Sn-\-Sp-tbvv \S-p. ]nd-sI a\p-hpw. ]e-I-In-S-bn-eqsS tImgn-q- n-\p-nse hn-Zzms\ A-t\cw t\mnbtijw Ip -m-a ]d-p. ""C-sXmcp ]mhw tNc-bm. Xpdvhnt -mw.'' In Hcp sNdnbhSn-bp-ambn Ip-m-a IqSpXpd-p. ]Xps hSn-sImv

tXmn tNcsb ]pd-t-n- p.AXv ic-th-K-n ]d-nsXnn-te-tm-Sn. Xnp-I-bdn]pd-t-bvpw.

""AXv tNcm-m-Wv. Ij-Is an{Xw.'' Ip-m-a ]d-p.

""AsXm As\ hnfn-p-Xv?'' a\p tNmZn-p.

""AtXm, tNc-m-ns {]n-

b ` Ww Fen-I-fm-Wv. Irjn-m-cpsS {][m\ i{XphmWvFen. Ah-cpsS hnf-I-sfmsXnp \in-n-p Fen-Isf`n-p tNcsb Ij-I-an-{X-sa--msX thsdp hnfn-Ww?'' Ip -m-a tNmZn-p.a\p Imcyw a\-n-em-sbpXe-bm- n. Nnp-hpw.

Ip -m-a Imepw apJhpwIgpIn h-tm-tgbvpw amb-

mbn Nmb-bp-am-sb-n. A- Hcp In-n N-bp-t-cnbpw sImp-sm-Sp-p.

""C\npw thWw Np-t-cn...'' Nnp A-bpsS ]nm-se AI-t-bvtm-Sn.

""Nnq... Ipd-s-\npw Iq-Sn FSp--tW,'' a\p hnfn-p-]-d-p. Fn v hcm--bn Ip--m-a-s-b-Sp-n-cp-p.

t\mhA[ymbw 3

]mp ]pcmWw[\ym-`m-kvI-c

29 2014 amv 1

""a\p-hn\v tIc-f-nse ]m-p-I-sf-p-dn--dn-bmtam?'' Ip -ma tNmZn-p.

a\p "C' Fv Xe-bm- n.""tIc-f-n-se--, Cy-

bn Xs-bp- ]mp-I-fnGXmv 20 iX-am\w am{X-tabpq hnj-m-p-I. hnj-m-p-Isf {][m-\-ambpw cvhn`m-K--fns-Sp-mw. ISn-m hnjw \mUo-hyq-ls_m[n-p--h. cm-as Xcw hnjw cNw{I-a-W-hyq-l-s _m[n-p--h.''

""GsXms ]mp-I-fmWvhnj-m-p-I?''

""a\p, aqJ AYhm tIm-{_sb In- nt?''

""Dv''""aqJ, iwJp-h-c-

b'' Cu cp ]m-p-Ifpw BZy-s KW-

ns-Spw. hnjw \mUo-hyq-l-s-bmWv _m[n-p-I.''

""\psS cmP-sh-m-e-tbm?''

""Ah\pw Aq- -n-s. Ahs ISn-In-n-bm]ns c-bn-. Imc-Ww {]Xn-hnjw Cy-bn Inn-. cm-as Iqtcm?''

""B Iq -n s]Sp--h-cmWv AW-enbpw Npcp- -a-WvU-en-bpw. ]ns Ch-cpsS hnjwc-N-{I-a-W-hyq-l-s-bmWv_m[n-p-I.''

Atm-tgbvpw Hcp Ip-p]nmWw \ndsb N-bp-t-cn-bp-ambn Nnp Atm-

s -n.""Am... ]mns Imcyw

]d-bp-hmtWm? F\n-q-sS...F\n-q-sS...''

""icn... ]d-bmw. Nnp-hn\vIgn -m Ghpw CwFm?''

""Dw... F\nv... F\n-v...Imbp-t-cn. t\{-m-bp-t-cn.''

""Imnse ]mp cmPm-hmbcmP-sh-m-e-bpsS C-`--Ww Adn-bmtam?''

""Np-t-cn-bmtWm?''""AsSo ao... aqJ

]mn-s\...''""Atm... Atm shdp-sX-

b Ahs\ cmP-sh-me F-p hnfn-p-s...'' Nnp kz-

bw ]d-p.""cmP-sh-me am{X-ta kz-ambn hoSp-

m-p ]mp-q FXv i-

cn-bmtWm?''

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : kXojv Nfn-mSw

30 2014 amv 1

a\p tNmZn-p.""AXv Icn-bn-e-I Ipp-

Iqn IqSp-m-pw. Cu ]mp-I ag-m-Sp-I-fn-em-Wp-m-hp-I. Icn-bn-e-I Iqn AXn-\-Iv ap -bn- m AXn-\-IsNqSpw ap -hn-cn-bm klm-bn-pw.''

""Am... Cu cmP-mv Chn-sS-bptm?'' Nnp-hn\v A-w ` bw tXmm-Xn-cp-n. Dv.]t A[n-I-sampw ]pd-p-Im-Wn-. Imn-\-I-p-X-s-bmWv an-tm-gpw.

""C\ow ]mp-IY ]d A-m...'' Nnp-hn\v lcw aqp.

""icn... ]mp-I {]k-hn-p-tam, AtXm ap -bn-Sptam?''

Ip -ma Ahp-t\sc tNm-Zy-sa-dn-p.

""Rm ]dbmw ap -bn-Spw...]mv ap-bn-Spw. A ]d-n- p--tm...'' Nnp hnfn-p-]-d-p.

""Nne ]mp-I {]k-hn-m-dnt Ip -ma?'' a\p kw-ibw tNmZn-p.

""AWen Ipp-sf {]-k-hn-p--Xcw ]mm-Wv. A-cw thsdbpw Ipsd ]mp-I-fp-v. AW-en-smcp kq{X-ap-v. AW-en-bpsS hb-nepwap-Ip-n-emWv Ipp-. hb-dn-\-Ip \np X-s Ah hncn-bpw. ]noSv A-h ]pdp hcpw. F-s\-bp-

v kq{Xw?''""ASn-s]mfn'' a\phpw Nn-

phpw Hnp ]d-p.""Csm ]mp ]pcm-W-

hpw sImn-cp-m aXntbm?D-h-n\v Bcpw t]mhp-nt?'' A--bm-Wv.

""Atm... AtXmn-.Cs A-e-n DhwsImSn-tb-dpI! Ipn-i--c\pwthem-bp-[-\p-sams hn-p-m-hpw. a\p Hmp. ""Ip -m-am... \apv IS-hn-tev]qmw? AhnsS Ipn-i--cIpfn-p-p-m-hpw.''

""icn... Fm cmfpwsdUn-bm-bn-tm-fq.''

(XpS-cpw)

31 2014 amv 1

sNhn-qSamam, Hcp tNmZyw, Rm Ggmw mn-em-

Wv. i-{]-]--sa ]mT-` mK-p-\npw Hcpkwi-bw. sNhn-q-S-bn-m Pohn-I, ]n-I, D -`b-Po-hn-I, Cg-P-p- Ch F-s\-bmWv tIp-Xv? bpdo--bpsS D-c-n-\mbn Imn-cn-p-p.

A`n-tjIv ]n P\mZ-\,7 kn, tZi-an{Xw bp.-]n.-F-kv, tNSn-t-cn, s]cp-h-f-p-]-d-,

Iq670593

sNhn-qS kkvX\nhn`m-K-ns-Sp Pp--fpsS khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. a\p-jy-cn CXn\v tIhn-i-n-bp-ambn A{X henb _-sam-p-an-. sNhn-qSP\m Cm--hpw A]-I-S-n \jvsSp--hpw tIhn-pdhv Imcy-ambn Dm-hm-dn-. AtX-k-abw sNhn Nen-n-m]p Pp-v (DZm:]ip) CXv iw kzoI-cn-p--Xn\v klm-bn-p-p-v.

]n-I-fnepw Dc-K--

fnepw Xe-bpsS hi--fnImWp Zzmc- _mly-IW-n-t-Xm-Wv. CXn\nv XpS-p sNdnb \mfnSnw]m\w (Tympanaum) FNa-` m-Kv Ah-km-\n-p-p. a[y-IW-` m-K-pHcn Snw]m-\hpw B-c-IW-hp-ambn _wm]n-p-p. (k-kvX-\n-I-fn Cu m\v 3 An-I-fp-v). Snw]m-\-n A\p--`h-s-Sp I-\-

An/ An-I hgnBcIW-n Fp-p. B-c-IW-hp-ambn_-s-Sp \mUn-I CXvXe-tm-dn-se-n-p-tmi- Xncn--dn-b-s-Sp-p.

Dd-K--fns ]mp-I-fn _mly-IWhpw a[y-IWhpw C. Chbvvhmbp-hnse I-\-t\cn v kzoI-cn-m ]n-.]t \ne-p-IqSn hcpI-\- XmSn Fp-Ihgn B-c-IW-n-se-pw.

Xh-f-I-fnepw av D -`b-Po-hn-I-fnepw Snw]m\w FNa-` mKw Xe-bpsS hi--fn-s-bm-Wp--Xv.Chbvv _mly-IWw F`mK-an-.

o

32 2014 amv 1

samgn-amw Pbv tkma-\m-Y

cN\:A\n_m l{k

Nn{X-:a[p-hn A\--cm-P

]mco-kv, 1789:emthm-kn-sb-bpsS ]pkvXIw"ck-X{nse {]mY-anI ]T-\-'{]Imi\w sN-s- p.]co--W--fpsS ASn-m-\-nAXv ^ vtfmPn-tm knm-s\ncm-I-cn-p. Zl-\-{]-{In-bbvv]pXn-b, GXmv Cp \mwAwKo-I-cn-p hymJym\w AXvAh-X-cn-n-p. {]Ir-Xn-bn-em-sI-bpefn-X-amb ]ZmY--fpsS Hcp]n-Ibpw ]pkvX-I-n-ep-m-bn-cp-p. ` uXnI ]ZmY--fn-e-S-nbaqe-I--fpsS BZy ]n-I-bmbnAXns\ IW-m-mw.

33 2014 amv 1

InWz\ (fermentation) {]{In-bsb ]pkvX-I-n Cs\ Ah-X-cn-n-n-cn-pp:

apn-cn-mdv =

Imt_m-WnIv BknUv + B-tlm.

B[p-\nI cmk-k-a-hm-Iy--fpsS apKm-an-bmbnCXns\ ]cn-K-Wn-mw.

1794, {^v hn-h-ns Dm-Z-aqO-bn, shdpw 50 hbv {]mb-am-bn-cpemthm-kntb Kn-n\p (I-gp--dp-p b{w) hnt[-b-\m--s- p.

1799 am{Un-UnA[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp{^v ck-X-{-

tjmk v^eqbn-{]ukvXv(1754 1826) ncm-\p-]mX\nbaw ]co--W--fn-eqsSm]n-p.tIm Im_-tW-nAS-nb aqe-I--fpsS]nm-\p-]m-Xw,AXv {]Ir-Xn-Z tImIm_-tW-m-bmepw hyXy-kvX-amK--fn-eqsS Ir{Xn-a-ambn krjvSn-s-Sp--Xm-bm-epw, FtmgpwHp Xs Bbn-cn-p-savAtlw Is-n.

34 2014 amv 1

am--dntPm Um(1766 1844) Hcp AWp-kn-mw (Atomic theory)Bhn-jv-cn-p. {]ukvXns\nco--W-v icn-bmbhni-Zo-I-cWw \Im\pwcmk-kw-bp--sf Cp\mw ImWp coXn-bnImWm\pw CXp klm-bn-p.

""B- ImTn-\y-ap- tKmf--fm-Wv.Hmtcm Xc-n\pwhyXykvX hep--am-bn-cn-pw. cp-Xcw]ZmY- tNv Hcp kwbp--ap-m-Ip-tm AXn cn-sbpw Hmtcm Bw-hoXw AS--nbn-cn-pw. Pew Hcp ssl{U-PAWphpw Hcp HmIvkn-P AWphpw tNp-m-Ip--XmWv; Hcp ssl{U-P AWphpwHcp ss\{SP AWphpw tNmWvAtam-Wnb Dm-Ip--Xv ,'' C-s\...

(UmFgp-Xnb"ck-X{Zi-\-n-s\mcp\h ]Xn'F]pkvX-I-nset]Pv)

35 2014 amv 1

kzoUnjv ck-X-{-\m-bn-cp

tPmkv tP_v s_ko-en-bkv(1779 1848) cmk-tN-cp-h-I ap-hn-[-nepw km[y-am-sWv Xncn--dn-p.Hcp aqe-I-ns Hcm--n\v apaqe-I--fpsS Hn-tesd B--fp-ambnIqSn-t-cm Ign-bpw. AXp-t]m-se,Hcp aqe-I-ns cv B-vap ]e-Xcw B--fp-ambn Htc-k-abwIqSn-t-cm-\m-Ipw.

Cu \nK-a-\-ns ASn-m-\-n kwbp--sfcmk-]-c -ambn A]-{K-YnvUm B--fpsS Bt]-nI `mcw Is-n. Pe-s A]-{K-Yn--tm AXn

3285 `mKw HmIvkn-P\pw 3

114

`mKw ssl{U-P-\p-am-sWpIp. ssl{U-Ps Bt]-n-I `mcw Hcp GI-I-ambn IW-m-n-bm HmIvkn-Ps B-t]-nI `mcw 6 BsWp hcp-p. Cu coXn-bn av B--fpsS Bt]-n-I-` m-c-fpwIs-p-Ibpw AWp-` m-c--

fpsS BZy-]- nI Xm-dm-p-Ibpw sNbvXp Um.

Xs knm-- Ah-X-cn-n-m Um Hcp

Iqw kqN-I-p cq]w\In. Nn{Xcq]-n-embtXm-sS knm---fpsS kzoIm-cyXh[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

1809. {^v ck-X-{--\m-bn-cp tjmklv eqbn- tK-ep-kmIv(1778 1850) Cs\ Hcp knm-w aptm- p-sh-p. ""{]Xn-{]-h-\-n-tes-

Sp hmX-I--fpsShym]vXm-\p-]mXweLp ]qW kwJy-IBbn-cn-pw. ssl{U-P\pw HmIvkn-P\pw2:1 F A\p-]m-X-nIqSn-tv shwDm-Ip-p. ss\{SPsHcp hym]vXhpw ssl{U-Ps aqp hym]vXhpwIqSn-tv Atam-WnbDm-Ip-p.

36 2014 amv 1

Hcn-Sv aSn-b-\mb HcpcmPm-hp-m-bn-cp-p. Ccp-n-Sp \npw FWo-mcmPm-hv. tkh-Iv ]-an-m-Xn-cp--Xn-\m Hn\pw Hcphnj-a-hp-an-. ]t, FnpwcmPm-hn\p Xr]vXn -h-n-.

\ntXym-]-tbmK hkvXp-

IyqsI.-b-Xo-{-\m-Y

Atlw a{nsb hnfn-p-h-cpn. As-\n-smcp b{w\nan-p-X-c-Ww. Rm\m-{K-ln-p ]mp-I AXp ]mS-Ww.\r- ImWn--Ww. AXn-eqsS Fs Ax]pcw ImW-Ww. dmWn-am-cp-ambn kwkm-cn--

Ww. Fs cmPyp \S-p--sXmw F\np ImW-Ww.NXp-cwKw Ifn--Ww. Bh-iy--fpsS Xn--bw I-tm a{n ]dp: alm-cm-Pmth F\n-smw a\-n-em-bn. \msf-s A-c-

37 2014 amv 1

samcp b{w A-bpsS apn-se-pw. ]d-Xpw ]d-bm-\m-{K-ln--Xp-amb Fmw AXp\nd-th-n--cpw. a{n hmp-]m-en-p. cmPm-hns apnAe--cn Hcp tai sImp-h-p-h-p. AXn\p apI-fnat\m-l-c-amb Hcp b{hpw.cmPmhv Bh-iy-s--sXmwsRmSn-bn-S-bn AXn Im-Wm Ign-p. ]mp-tI-p.\rw Ip. As\ k-tm-j-tmsS b{w \n-m-s\m-cp-n-b-tm b{-n \nsmcp iw. alm-cm-Pmth, A-bpsS icocwhmsX XSn-p-t]m-bn. Aan-Xm-lm-chpw hymbm-a-p-dhpamW-Xn\p Imc-Ww. Fs apnIpn-bn-cp-m A-bpsSBtcmKyw hopw tami-am-Ipw. c-s-S-W-sa-n F-s ad-p-I. hymbmaw sN-bvXp XpS-p-I. Blmcw anX-am-pI. b{w \np. a{nFnb-tm cmPmhv b{wFSp-p-am-m ]d-p. A-tlw hymbm-a- sNmXpS-n. cmPm-hns `-W-n Inbpw ]bdpw CSw-

]n-Sn-p.C-d-Xv Hcp km-

nI IY-bm-Wv. ]t, Cm-sW-n cmPm-hn-s-sb-BcpsS B{K-lhpw \nhr-n-p-sIm-Sp-m-\m-Ipw. HcpIyq- apn sImp-h-m aXn.

tIhew IW-p-Iq b-{-am-bmWv Iyq- Ah-X-

cn--Xv. Hcp sam-\n- b{w.AXm-bXv ssIsImp {]h-n-n-m-hp Hv. _pnDWtm henb henbsam-\n- b{- ]nd-p. ]ns sshZypXn klm-b-n-s\-n, Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIvkvhp. C-t{K-Uv kIyqvF Nnp-h-p. UnPn- hnZyhp. As\ Iyq- sNdp-Xmbn sNdp-Xmbn UkvIvtSm-]v,t]gvk-W, em]vtSm-]v, t\mp-_p-v, Sm_vev Fn\v skt^mWn hsc Fn-\np-p. A- am{Xw ssIIm-cyw sNbvXn-cp Iyq- A-c-tem-I-tp tNt-dn. a\p-jys\smv sNm-\m-Im]eXpw Gs-Spv kvXpXyl-ambn sNbvXp-Xop.

C{Xbpw henb ]Wn-I sN-p Iyq- -dn\v BsI c--tf Adn-bmhq F-XmWv c-k-I-c-amb kXyw. Hpw, ]qPy-hpw. Hcp kznn-Sp-Xpw kznvHm^m-p-Xpw Fp ]d-bp--XmIpw IqSp-X icn. Cu c-- sImv Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-m-\m-Iptam? cm{Xn-

tM, CXv Abcm-Pys dmWn-bpsSt^mtm-bm-W-tm...

temI-nse BZys Iyq-

38 2014 amv 1

bn \n-fpsS ] Hcp tSmv DspIcp-Xp-I. Abh-s Iqp-Im-c\v Hcp k-tiw sImSp--Ww. apIqn Xm-dm-nbtImUv A\p-k-cnv tSmns kznv HmWm-p-Ibpw Hm^m-p-Ibpw sNbvXm Ffp--am-bn-t? Hcp XhW tSmv sXfn-m Rm\n-hn-sS-bpv Fpw cp XhW XpSsc sXfn-m Rm\-tm- p-h-cn-I-bmWv Fpw aqpXhW sXfn-m \app kn\na ImWmt]mImw Fp-amImw tImUv. AXpt]m-se--s-bmWv Iyq- sNp--Xpw. \ HvFs-gp-Xp-Xv Iyq- -dn\pw Hp-X-s. cvFXv Iyq- -dn\v 10 BWv. aqv FXv 11BWv. Atm \mtem. AXv 100 BWv.Cs\? cw sImp Ikn-s\-bmWv ss_\dn \ Fp ]d-bp--Xv.\psS ] kwJy-bpsS ss_\dnNphsS sImSp-p-p.

1 = 1

2 = 10

3 = 11

4 = 100

5 = 101

6 = 110

7 = 111

8 = 1000

9 = 1001

10 = 1010

Iyq- \ sImSp-p kwJysbss_\-dn-bn-tep samgn-am-pp. ]noSv \-fm-h-iy-s-Sp Iqepw Ipd-bvepw KpWn-epw lcn--ep-samw AXn-dn-bm-hp ` mj-bn sNp-p. Ah-km\w Inp ^ew \ap--dn-bm-hp ]v A kwJy-bn samgn-am-n--cp-p. \apv tNmZy-n-\p Dcwe`n-m t]mtc, IWp Iqp--bm Fp`mj D]-tbm-Kn-m-sev? ss_\-dn-bn A- \op-\o-p-t]m-Ipw. a\p-jy\v AXp Xe-th-Z-\-bp-m-pw. ]t, Iyq- -dn\v F{Xhenb kwJy-sImpw A`ymkw Imm-\-dn-bmw.AXp oWn-p-I-bp-an-.

Atm A-c--fpsS Imcytam? A B CapX Z hsc \ A--fmn amppFp kn-p-I. A\p AYhm ANUF t]cv C\n A--fn-segp-Xq. CwojvA-c-am-e-bnse {Iaw A\p-k-cnv A = 1, N =

BZy-Imes Iyq- dpI

39 2014 amv 1

14, U = 21. ANU = 1, 14, 21. CXp \npw sNm-hp--X-t. Iyq- \ sImSp-p A-c-sf ss_\dn \-dp-I-fm-p-p. Bhiywhcp-tm \psS `mj-bn-tep samgn-amn\Ip-p.

Iyq- Hcp b{w am{X-am-Wv. AXn-s\-smp \ ]Wn FSp-n-p-I-bmWp sN-p--Xv. Hmtcmtcm t{]m{Kmw Xm-dmn Iyq--dns\ ]Tn-n-p-p. AXn ]d--Xp-t]mse

Iyq- A\p-k-cn-pp. A{X-X-s.Hmw-m-nse Ipn-I apX Iyq- -dn-

s\-n Cp ]Tn--bm-Wv, Xnb-dnbpw {]mIvSn--ep-sam-s-bm-bn. apXn-h-tc-m thK-n Ah-cXp ]Tn-p-p-ap-v. Iyq- -dn\p{][m-\-ambpw cp hn`m-K--fp-spw HplmUvshb BsWpw cm-a-tXp tkm-^vvshb BsWpw ]d-mWp XpS-w.tai-p-d-n-cn-p Iyq- Hcp skm-Wv.AXnse Ghpw {][m-\-s LSIw kn.-]n.bpAYhm sk{S s{]mk-nwKv bqWnv BWv.Iyq--dns Xe-tm-sdp ]d-bmw. AXn\p\ntZiw sImSp-m-\mbn Hcp Iot_mUpwHcp aukpw Dv. Nps-en-bpsS BIr-Xn-tbmSpkmay-ap--Xp-sImp \Inb t]cmWv aukv.tamUw Iyq- -dns\ Cs\-n-tep IS-n-hn-Sp-p. sdmUv tbdpw Hcp lmUvshb-dmbn ImWmw. Iyq- -dn\p shfn-bn tmsNp hnh-c- Iyq- -dn-te-s-n-p-I-bm-Wn-Xns tPmen. Ctm-gs Iyq- -dp-I-fnkn.-Unbpw (Compact Disc), s]ss{UhpwFmw LSn-n-m-\p kwhn-[m-\--fp-v.Iyma-d, XpS-nb \app ImWm-hp D]-I-c-

W--sfmw lmUvshb-dns-Spw. sSen-hn-j t]mse tXmp tamWn- , kv]o-dp-I Fn-h-bnqSn-bmWv Iyq- \-tfmSp kwh-Zn-p--Xv. Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-p--sXpw ]d-bmw. A-c-tem-I-tp Iqn-sm-p-t]m-Ip--Xpw, Nn{X-- Imp--Xpw,hoUntbm ImWn-p-Xpw Fmw tamWn- hgn-bm-Wv. kv]o-dp-I-fn IqSn AXp kwkm-cn-bpw ]mSp-I-bp-samw sNpw. \ap-m-h-iy-ap hnh-c- {]ndnqSn FSppkqn-mw. Hcp \nnX thmtPn Ub-dIvv Id v \Im\pw sshZypXn \ne-p-t]m-bm Iptd-t\cw IqSn {]hn-m\pw bp.-]n.-Fkv (Un interrupted Power Supply) Dv.

tkm v^vshb Fp ]d-bp-Xv t{]m{Km-ap-I-fm-Wv. kn.-]n.bp hn LSn-n-n-p

Unkvn tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn- p t{]m{Km-ap-I-\p-kr-X-am-bmWv Iyq- {]hn-p-I. Nne t{]m{Km-ap-I Iyq- \nam-Xm-Xs tcJ-s-Sp-n-h-n-cn--bm-Wv. Ch-bnamw hcp-m ]mSn-. CXn\p ]pdta \ap-m-h-iy-amb ap t{]m{Km-ap-I \In-bmAh kqn-m\pw AX-\p-k-cnp {]hn-m\pw Iyq- -dn\p Ign-bpw. \ \Iphnh-c-, Um-I, t^m \-dp-I, hnem-k-, Ub-dn-p-dn-p-I, sNm-\p Imcy-, clky hnh-c-, Nn{X-, hoUntbmnp-I, kn\na XpS-n-b-h-sbmw Hma-s-n Iyq- kqn-pw, \ap-m-h-iy-ap-XvFtm-gmtWm Atm Ah \apv \Ipw.CXmWv tmdnpw dn{So-h-epw.

(XpScpw)

em]vtSmv Iyq- -dns BZy-cq]w

40 2014 amv 1

Hp klm-bn-mtam...?2014 P\p-hcn 1mw e-n h Znlm-

^m-kn Fgp-Xn-b, "F\n-p-thn {]mYn--tW' F Xe-s- p Ip-I-p. B Iphmbn--tm R-fpsS Hma-bn-ep-Zn Hcp ck-I-c-amb A\p-` hw R bpdo--tbmSv ]p-h-bv-s. kmaq-ly-imkv{X ]T-\-n-\n-SbvvF-s\tbm \nco-iz-c-hmZn F Bibw R-n-S-bn hp-s]- p. R-fn-sem-cm-fmbsdmaoe ]t \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-bm-hm-\p Xm-sd-Sp-n-em-bn-cp-p. ]ns Hpw Nnn-n-. RAp-t]cpw NmSn-tdn Xocp-am-\-sa-Spp, \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-fm-hm. Iptd-\m Ignv \\ ]d-p: ""A-bpw, A-bpw No ]d-bp-p.''

sdmao-e-bpw, ao\p-hpw, \b-\bpw Xocp-am-\-n Dd-p-\n-p-sh-n-epw, sshImsX ao\phpw]nm-dn. ]co-m-m-e-am-b-tXmsS NcSpw Ipdn-bpw, a{-h-N-\-fpw Fmw {]Xy--s-SmXpS-n. Ctm kwL-S-\-bn Ah-ti-jn-p-Xv cp-t] am{X-am-Wv. ]com t] I-n Inn-b-tm \\ ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. ""ssZ-h-hp-anm Hcp Ip-hp-anm' Fv. kXy-nCuiz-c-\ptm bpdo-t. R-fpsS kwL-S\hen-sbm-cm-i-b-p-g--n-em-Wv. Hp klm-bn-mtam?

sdmaoe sI.-]n, \\ kn.-Fw, \b\ B, evan Fkv.,7 Un, Pn.-hn.-Pn.-F-v.-F-kv.-Fkv.Nn-q,

Nnq ]n.-H, ]me-m-Sv 678101

(Fp sNpw Iqp-Im-sc, bpdo-bvpw\nsf klm-bn-m tijn-bn-. Hcp ImcywXo-bm-Wv. ssZhw Ds-n, B ssZhw al-Xz-ap Hcp in-bm-sW-n, AXns\ ]pI-gvnbpw {]mYnpw ImWn \Inbpw Iog-Sn \psS kzmY-Xm-cy- t\Sm Ign-bn-. {]mYn-m am{Xw I\n-bp Hcp ssZh-

tmSv Hcp BZ-chpw tXmp-n-. Hcp hnIm-c-n \nco-iz-c-hmZnbm-Ip--Xn AY-an-sv]d-tb--Xn--tm. BZyw \apv Cu {]]--

s \mbn a\-n-em-m {ian-mw.)

bpdo F ImewRm BZy-am-bmWv bpdo--bn-tev Hcp

I-b-bvp--Xv. Ftmgpw ap Iqp-Im A-b Ip-I Rm hmbn-m-dp-v. ]e-tmgpw Ah tNmZn tNmZy--fpsS D-c- ]pXp Adn-hm-bn-cn-pw. 2014 P\p-hcn 16seFw.-Ir-jvW-Zmkv amas ""hne-bn-cp-'' FIY Rm hmbn-p. F\nv hf-sc-bn--s- p.B IY Fs IqSp-X Nnn-n-p-I-bm-WvsNbvX-Xv. Cwojv aoUnbw kvIqfn Cwojvam{Xta ]d-bmhq FXv Xam-i-bm-sbms tIn-p-v. AXv icn-p-am-Ws?

Fm-Wmthm A-s\. \psS amXr-` mjkwkm-cn-m t]mepw kzmX-{y-an-t? Cwojv]Tn--W-sa-nepw Cs\ ]ptam?

bpdo--bn F{X-t] hp-t]m-bn- p-m-hpw.Ah-sc-m-hcpw Ctm-sg-p-sN-p-p-m-hpw.Fs hop-ap-s amhn F{X-sb{X ]n-I hn-cp-p-t]m-bn, F{X Ddp-p-I amgw\pIp, F{X Infn-I IqSpIqn, F{XAm-\p-I HmSn Xnanp. hp-t]mb Ime-amWv Fs aps amhv. AtX t]mse-sbpdo-bpw Hcp Ime-a-t.

Fm-bmepw icn bpdo--bpsS ]nd-mfpwag-p-n-I-fpsS Bc-hhpw kvIqfp-I-fnsNs-p-Xv Htc Znh-k-am-sWp Rm\-dn-p. ]ns bpdo--bpsS klmbw sImvF\nv Pnm-Xe hnm-t\m--h-n\v

41 2014 amv 1

skeIvj Inn. ]d-n-Ip-f-tm t]mb-Xv.]mT-]p-kvX-I--fn am{Xw HXp-n-bn-cp ]n-a-L- s F\nv ImWp-hm\pw Adn-bp-hm\pw]n.

Hpw-Iq-Sn-bpt. F\np thn bpdoHcp klmbw sNm-tam. kuc-bqYsp-dn-pw, \-{X--sf-p-dnpw F\n--dn-bm B{K-l-ap-v. {]tXy-Inv A\y-{Kl Pohn-I-tfbpw(Aliens ) Xtam-K--sf-bpw (Black hole)Ipdnv k -^e-am-p-sav Icp-Xp-p.

A`n-Pnv sI.-F, 8mw Xcw, sI.-kn.-]n.-F-v.-F-kv.-FkvImh-t-cn, 678543

hne-bn-cp-Rsf _ln-cm-Im-i-tbvv Iqn-sm-

p-t]m-Ip ""]d-t hogpw'' F ]wnDjm-dm-bn. amXr-` mj ]d-bm-\m-hmsX IpSp-p]mhw Ipn-I-fpsS IY ]d-bp Fw.-Ir-jvW-Zmkv amas ""hne-bn-cp-'' tPmdm-bn.""cmcn''bpsS IY Cm-bn. Ipp-a-\-n Bi--I \nd-bvp ""anTm-bn-sSn''bpw Cm-bn.sam-n bpdo Ie-p-p.

A\p{io hn, 7 _n, F.-bp.-]n.-Fkv cmbn-c-\-q, ]me-m-Sv.

]ptcm-K-an-pp"hne-bn-cp-' \m-bn. AXns Ah-

km\w C-am-bn. tdUntbm Ip-]n-Sn amtm-Wn-sb-p-dnv Adn-bm ]n. Zqc-Zin\n Nn{X-hn-tijw ckm-bn. Xpn-bpsS thKX hniz-kn-m-\m-bn-. anTm-bn-sSn Cm-bn. bpdo ]ptcm-K-an-p-p.

{ioe-van, 2 F, Pn.-F.-]n.-F-kv, hq,i-c-aw-K-ew, ]me-m-Sv.

hmb\ Hcp ioe-amn2013 \hw-_ 1 apX-emWv Rm bpdom

hmb-\-m-cn-bm-b-Xv. Ap apX bpdoFs {]nb Iqp-Im-cn-bm-bn amdn. bpdo--bnhcp IY-Ifpw Ihn-X-Ifpw F\nv Hcp-]mSvC-s- p. Fs A\p-Pn BXn-cbvv hmb-\-bn Hpw Xm-cy-an-m-bn-cp-p. Fm HcpZnhkw Ah ]d-bp-I-bmWv F\npw Cu]pkvXIw C-s-s-v. F\nv Hcp-]mSvApXw tXmn. Ap apX Ahfpw

Rm\pw IqSn-bmWv bpdo hmbn-p--Xv. bpdo--sb-tmse F\nv C\n-sbmcp Iqp-Im-cn-bp-v. "tam\nj'. Ahv Rm\o ]pkvXIwImWn-p-sIm-Sp-p. Ahpw Cm-bn. FskvIq A[ym-]-Ipw Cu ]pkvXIw C-am-Wv. Unkw-_ 1 se "Zqc-Zin\n' F\nv C-s- p. F\nv C\nbpw bpdo Xc-tW...

A\nj Fkv, 7 kn, Pn.-bp.-]n.-Fkv \t-n-n.

IY-I BWv CwRm bpdo hmbn-p Ipn-bm-Wv. bpdo-

sb F\nv hfsc Gsd C-am-Wv. RmF{X-\m-fmbn Iv Fgp-X-W-sav hnNm-cn-p-p. Ctm-gmWv km[n--Xv. F\nv IY-Ihmbn-p--XmWv Cw.

Bhn tPm, 7 _n, sI.-F.-Fw.-hn.-F-v.-F-kv,]hn-t{X-izcw ]n.-H, sImw.

A`n-Pnv sI.Fkm\w

Xan-gv\m- nse \oe-Kn-cn-pv. \oe-Kn-cn-p-n-emWv ]na]qh-L- - kn-p--Xv.

B-I-Y-I

1. C.-Fw.-Fkv2. efn-Xmw-_nIm AP\w3. F.-sI.-tKm-]m-e4. Fkv.sI s]ms-m v5. shn-pfw tKm]m-e-p-dpv

Ch \mW-b--fpsS t]cp-I-fm-Wv.Ft-mWn-bn {Iq.s{Imtb-jy- Iyq\sUamv t{ImsNv dn-n-v sImdqW

Dc

Printed and Published by V.V. Sreenivasan, Parishad Bhavan, Chalappuram, Calicut - 2. on behalf of Kerala Sastra Sahithya ParishadPrinted at: Geethanjali Web Offset, Kundayithode, Kolathara P.O, Calicut.

and Published at Parishad Bhavan, Chalappuram, Calicut - 673 002. Phone : 0495-2701919. Editor: Prof.K.Pappootty. Approved by CSIR for Financial Support.

Volume 35 No. 19 Eureka 2014 March 1, 44 Pages

`qan-bpsS D]-{K-l-amWv N{.N{ `qansb Npn-smt Ccn-p-I-bm-Wv. Cs\ Hcp-hw `qan-sb Npm N{-s\-Sp-p kabw27 Znh-khpw Ggp-a-Wn-qdpw 43 an\n-p-am-Wv.

"eqW' Fv tIn- nt. CXv N-{s t]cp Xs-bmWv. emn ` m-j-bn-emWv N{-s\ Cs\ hnfn-p--Xv.

Keo-entbm F imkv{X--\mWv 1609 sSen-kvtIm-n-eqsS

\psS N{

BZy-ambn N{s\ t\mn \nco-n-m\pw ]Tn-m\pw XpS-n-b-Xv.

Pntbm-hn dnntbmfn Fhm\-im-kv{X--\mWv N{-\nseK-v alm-m-cpsS t]cp-I CSp coXnv XpSw Ipdn--Xv. ttm, Acn-tm- n, B-sa-Uo-kv, \yq XpS-nb alm-m-cpsSsbmw t]cn K- N{-\n-ep-v.

N{s Zriy- BZyw ]-In-b-Xv. "eqW 3' F hml-

km\wcma-N-{ ]pp-am-\q

At-bt In-t,An-a-bpw t\c-v,Anfn ama am\-v,

Fs t\mn-Nn-cn--WXv\msf-b-tm, F ]nd-m-,An-fn-amam Xcp-tam -\o,Ipn-bp-Sp-sm-cp-k-m\w

\-am-Wv. Ahn-Sppw ]p hj-v tijw, 1969 Pqsse 20\v""Atmtfm 11' F hml-\-na\p-jy BZy-ambn N{-\n Imep-

Ip-n.Cpw a\p-jy Cd-n-bn- p

GI BIm-i-tKmfw \psS N{am{X-am-Wv.

alm-m-cpsS t]cp-Ishp N{-\nseK-


march 1

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