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TTIP. Um tratado para uniformizar a exploração / Rojava. A revolução sitiada / Bitcoin: A cripto-revolução pariu um rato / Sade. Pulsão e crime.

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Page 1: Mapa#8

NÚMERO 8DEZEMBRO 2014 -FEVEREIRO 2015

TRIMESTRAL / ANO III3000 EXEMPLARES

PVP: 1€WWW.JORNALMAPA.PT

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“Creio que quem tenha uma leitura romântica da Constituição está a falhar completamente o alvo(...)”

ENTREVISTA A PEDRO BRAVO, AUTOR DO “MANUAL DE RESISTÊNCIA CIVIL PÁGS.12 E 13

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Bitcoin: a cripto-revolução pariu um rato?págs.14 e 15

ASSINA O JORNAL MAPA

Dois anos de Informação Crítica

+ INFO NAS PÁGINAS 16 E 17

SADEPULSÃO E CRIME PÁGS. 28 E 29

CINEMA & RURALIDADEPRIMEIRO CICLO DE CINEMA SOBRE AGRICULTURA NO NOSSO TEMPO EM IDANHA-A-NOVA PG. 30

SALTA MONTESGERÊS: FAUNA, FLORA E TRADIÇÃO PG. 31

YANN RENOULT

Page 2: Mapa#8

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Page 3: Mapa#8

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NOTÍCIAS À ESCALA 3MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

“Ayotzinapan Vive! Estado Morre!”

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Exarchia mais uma vez iluminada pelo fogo da revolta

Demolições, cerco e terror na periferia de Lisboa

NIKOS CHRISTOFAKIS

Page 4: Mapa#8

4 NOTÍCIAS À ESCALAMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

JOSÉ PEDRO ARAÚ[email protected]

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É notório que quando se trata das questões técnicas e impacto dos grandes projetos de empresas do setor en-ergético - como a REN e a EDP - são sempre os seus argumentos que ganham força e projeção no espaço público.

O projeto desta subestação e o processo em torno da sua instalação é mais um exemplo da forma como o espaço urbano se pensa e organiza. Existem claramente zonas onde é aceite pelas autoridades a instalação deste tipo de infraestruturas – como as periferias e bairros pobres dos grandes centros urbanos – e zonas onde isso não é possível.

Page 5: Mapa#8

NOTÍCIAS À ESCALA 5MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

FILIPE [email protected]

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Surge assim, em Dezembro de 2013, na Aldeia das Amoreiras, um encontro para pensar uma cooperativa informal de produtores/consumidores.

Page 6: Mapa#8

6 NOTÍCIAS À ESCALAMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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Rede Cooperar: [email protected]://redecooperar.blogspot.pt

Capa do primeiro número da fanzine da

RECO, publicado em Novembro deste ano.

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Em territórios como o Alentejo, temos assim a presença de uma “ruralidade” vinda das cidades que se cruza com uma imigração proveniente do Norte da Europa, em boa medida igualmente ávida e capacitada pelas propostas alternativas aos modelos de desenvolvimento e crescimento capitalista.

Page 7: Mapa#8

NOTÍCIAS À ESCALA 7MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

JOÃO PAULO GOMES

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Infografia que ilustra o processo de evolução das plantas desde a formação do planeta Terra. Desenhado e planificado por: HUMA >>

Page 8: Mapa#8

8 NOTÍCIAS À ESCALAMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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O PAÍS É UMA MANTA DE RETALHOS ONDE É DIFÍCIL INTERPRETAR O QUE ERA SUPOSTO EXISTIR E O QUE É RESULTADO DA ARTIFICIALIZAÇÃO DESCONTROLADA

Mata de Albergaria No coração do Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês, é o mais próx-imo que existe em Portugal de um bosque pristino de carvalho-alvarinho e carvalho-negral. Terra de lobos e corços, a vegetação é exuberante e diversificada, onde musgos e fetos homogeneízam o ambiente granítico. Podemos ver espécies já pouco comuns na natureza como o azevinho e o mirtilo.

Mata da MargaraçaInserida na Paisagem Protegida da Serra do Açor, é dominada pelo carvalho-alvarinho e pelo castanheiro. Outras espécies de folha caduca compõem este bosque de solo xistoso: aveleiras, ulmeiros, cerejeiras e nogueiras. Entrecruzam-se espécies tipica-mente mediterrânicas como o medronheiro, o folhado e o loureiro com relíquias da floresta Laurissilva subtropical do Terciário como o azereiro (Prunus lusitanica), que tem aqui a sua maior área de distribuição.

Mata do SolitárioNo Parque Natural da Arrábida, onde o calcário não permite a existência de cursos de água permanente, esta mata situa-se próximo do Portinho da Arrábida. Este bosque é representativo da paisagem marcadamente mediterrânica, com a particularidade de muitas das espécies que a compõem serem arbustos que aqui atingem porte arbóreo, tal como os carrascos, os medronheiros e os adernos.

Florestas de Laurissilva nos Açores e MadeiraEstas florestas caracterizam-se pela presença de espécies ar-bóreas, de folha grandes e persistentes, associadas a um clima ameno, como o loureiro, o vinhático e o barbusano. A sua existên-cia deve-se ao efeito termo-regulador do Oceano Atlântico, que protegeu a vegetação da última glaciação.

>> Continuação da infografia

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NOTÍCIASÀ ESCALA 9MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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Page 10: Mapa#8

10 NOTÍCIAS À ESCALAMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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(...) O USO DE HORMONAS COMO A SOMATOTROPINA BOVINA RECOMBINANTE NA CRIAÇÃO DE BOVINOS E A RACTOPAMINA NA DE SUÍNOS, BEM COMO A LAVAGEM DAS CARNES COM DIÓXIDO DE CLORO SÃO ACTUALMENTE PROIBIDAS. NO QUADRO DO NOVO TRATADO ESSA LEIS SERÃO “AJUSTADAS”, PERMITINDO A INTRODUÇÃO NA UE DESSES PRODUTOS, JÁ INTENSAMENTE USADOS NOS EUA.

Em cima: Acção num silo de areias betuminosas. O processo de extração de crude “não convencional” é altamente poluente.Em baixo: Manifestação no centro de Lisboa contra o TTIP, organizada pela plataforma Não ao Tratado Transatlântico no passado dia 11 de Outubro.

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Ç~êáÉÇ~ÇÉ= ëÉ= ÅçãÉÅÉ= ~= êÉÅä~ã~ê=

ÉëëÉ= ãÉëãç= Äçäç= èìÉ= ¨= ÇÉ= Ó= É=

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O MAIOR PROBLEMA COLOCADO POR ESTE TRATADO É QUE ELE REPRESENTA UM RÁPIDO E DECISIVO PASSO PARA A PERDA FORMAL E EFECTIVA DO PODER, DA INDEPENDÊNCIA LOCAL E AUTONOMIA DAS POPULAÇÕES.

Page 12: Mapa#8

12 ENTREVISTAMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

As rusgas policiais, como a última num bairro da Amadora, parecem estar a tornar-se cada vez mais megalómanas (200 agen-

tes e o tanque blindado da cimeira da NATO) e banalizadas pela comu-nicação social. Qual a legitimidade com que a polícia pode sequestrar um bairro inteiro, tratando qual-quer pessoa como suspeita, revis-tando até crianças?lë=ÅÉêÅçë=éçäáÅá~áë=ÇÉ=Ä~áêêçë=ÇÉ=

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Åçåíê~=ìã=å©ç=ÑìåÅáçå~K

No último verão, polícias e jorna-listas tornaram-se obcecados com encontros de adolescentes, os famo-sos meets. No encontro que esteve na origem de tudo, no C.C. Vasco da Gama, a polícia agrediu vários jo-vens, incluindo uma mulher grávida. Já dois jovens (negros) sem quais-quer antecedentes foram condena-dos, com uma procuradora do M.P. a assegurar que “não há racismo em Portugal”. Perante esta cumplicida-de entre a polícia e os tribunais, será possível nestes casos esperar alguma justiça pela via judicial?aÉëÇÉ=äçÖçI=Çç=èìÉ=¨=èìÉ=ëÉ=Ñ~ä~=

èì~åÇç=ëÉ=áåîçÅ~=~=åç´©ç=ÇÉ=àìëíá´~=

å~=éêçÇì´©ç=ëçÅá~ä\=°=èìÉ=å©ç=ëÉ=

àìäÖìÉ=èìÉ=ëÉ=íê~í~=Ç~=ãÉëã~=Åçáë~=

èì~åÇç=~=Åä~ëëÉ=Ççãáå~åíÉ=çì=çë=

Éëíê~íçë=áåíÉêã¨Çáçë=Ñ~ä~ã=ÇÉ=àìëíáJ

´~I=çì=èì~åÇç=~ë=Åä~ëëÉë=ëìÄ~äíÉêå~ë=

Ñ~ä~ã=ÇÉ=àìëíá´~K=mçê=ãìáíç=èìÉ=ëÉ=

ÉåÅçåíêÉ=ìã=ëìÄëíê~íç=äáåÖìíëíáÅç=çì=Ä~ëÉ=ÇÉ=ëáÖåáÑáÅ~´©ç=ÅçãìãI=å©ç=ÇáJ

òÉã=~=ãÉëã~=Åçáë~=ÅçåÅêÉí~ãÉåíÉK=

mçêí~åíçI=é~êÉÅÉJãÉ=èìÉ=ëÉê•=éçìÅç=

êÉäÉî~åíÉ=èì~åÇç=ëÉ=íÉåí~=~äáÅÉê´~ê=

åìã~=åç´©ç=ÇÉ=àìëíá´~=ç=ÇáëÅìêëç=

ÅçåíÉëí~í•êáç=ëçÄêÉ=~=éêçÇì´©ç=

ëçÅá~äW=~ë=Åä~ëëÉë=É=~ë=ëì~ë=Ñê~Å´õÉë=å©ç=ÇáòÉã=ç=ãÉëãç=èì~åÇç=ìë~ã=

~=ãÉëã~=é~ä~îê~I=Ç~Çç=èìÉ=å©ç=ëÉ=

íê~í~=Çç=ãÉëãç=ÅçåÅÉáíçK=^ëëáãI=ëÉ=

Éëí~ãçë=¶=ÉëéÉê~=èìÉ=Ü~à~=~äÖìã=

êÉÄ~íÉ=ÇÉ=ÅçåëÅáÆåÅá~=Ç~=Åä~ëëÉ=ÇáêáJ

ÖÉåíÉI=ç=ãÉäÜçê=¨=Ñ~òÉê=çìíê~=Åçáë~K

mçê=çìíêç=ä~ÇçI=å©ç=ëÉ=íê~í~=ÇÉ=

ÅìãéäáÅáÇ~ÇÉ=ÉåíêÉ=éçäíÅá~ë=É=íêáJÄìå~áëI=ã~ë=Çç=ÑìåÅáçå~ãÉåíç=Éã=

Çáëíáåíçë=åíîÉáë=Çç=ãÉëãç=ëáëíÉã~K=

kÉëëÉ=ëÉåíáÇçI=Ü•=èìÉ=éÉêÅÉÄÉê=èìÉ=

~ë=éçäíÅá~ë=ÑìåÅáçå~ã=Åçãç=ìã~=

ã•èìáå~=ÇÉ=ÅçêíÉI=Éä~ë=áåíÉêêçãéÉã=

ç=Ñäìñç=ÜáëíµêáÅçI=ëçÅá~ä=É=ÉÅçåµãáÅçI=

èìÉ=ÇÉéçáë=ç=ãáåáëí¨êáç=éúÄäáÅç=ÅêáëJí~äáò~I=Ñê~ÖãÉåí~=É=Éãé~Åçí~=Éã=~ÅìJ

ë~´õÉë=çì=~êèìáî~ãÉåíçëI=Éåèì~åíç=

çë=íêáÄìå~áë=éÉå~áë=ÑìåÅáçå~ã=Åçãç=

ã•èìáå~ë=ÇÉ=ÑäìñçI=êÉëí~ìê~åÇç=~=

éêçÇì´©ç=ëçÅá~ä=É=íê~åëÑçêã~åÇç=~=

“Nos tribunais, não se transforma a sociedade, nem as suas classes: renova-se o sistema, conservando-lhe a dinâmica produtiva.”

mÉÇêç=_ê~îç=¨=~ìíçê=Çç=“j~åì~ä=ÇÉ=oÉëáëíÆåÅá~=`áîáäÒI=äáîêç=ÉÇáí~Çç=Éã=OMNQ=éÉä~=ÉÇáíçê~=iÉíê~=iáîêÉK=̂ ë=ëì~ë=VO=é•Öáå~ë=

ÇáëéçåáÄáäáò~ãJåçë=ìã=ã~åì~ä=Åçã=ç=èì~ä=éçÇÉêÉãçë=Ñ~J

òÉê=ÑêÉåíÉ=~çë=íêáÄìå~áë=É=¶ë=Ñçê´~ë=éçäáÅá~áë=É=~çë=ëÉìë=éÉêJ

ã~åÉåíÉë=~Äìëçë=ÇÉ=éçÇÉêI=ÇÉ=~ìíçêáÇ~ÇÉ=É=ÇÉãçåëíê~´õÉë=ÇÉ=ÇÉëéçíáëãçK=m~ê~=~ä¨ã=Çáëëç=ç=j~åì~ä=íê~òJåçë=ìã~=îáJ

ë©ç=äìÅáÇ~=ëçÄêÉ=~ë=êìëÖ~ë=éçäáÅá~áëI=çë=~ëë~ëëáå~íçë=ÇÉ=àçJ

îÉåë=Éã=Ä~áêêçë=ëçÅá~áëI=~=êÉéêÉëë©ç=éçäáÅá~ä=ÉI=ã~áë=èìÉ=áëëçI=

~=îáçäÆåÅá~=ÇÉ=ìã=ëáëíÉã~=àìÇáÅá~äI=ëçÅá~ä=É=éçäííáÅç=èìÉI=ëçÄ=ç=íííìäç=ÇÉ=ÇÉãçÅê~Åá~I=ëÉ=~ëëÉãÉäÜ~=Å~Ç~=îÉò=ã~áë=¶=ã~áë=

Çìê~=Ç~ë=Çáí~Çìê~ëK

MANUAL DE RESISTÊNCIA CIVILPedro BravoLetra Livre, 2014

Page 13: Mapa#8

ENTREVISTA 13MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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No início de 2011, a Bitcoin movimentava uma economia que ultrapassava um milhão de dólares e a sua cotação equiparava a do dólar. Com o seu valor a aumentar aparecem também as primeiras notícias de extravios, como consequência de falhas de segurança encontradas no sistema.

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BITCOIN, TRANSAÇÕES E ANONIMATO 15MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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/// NOTAS1 Bitcoin: el universalismo como error de diseño, David de Ugarte, El Correo de la Indias, 11-05-2014.2 The Crypto-anarchist Manifesto, Tim May, Usenet, 1988.3 Em 1991, o programador e activista anti-nuclear Phil Zimmerman, criou o program a informático PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), para facilitar o uso pessoal de criptografia de chave pública em emails, textos, ficheiros e directórios. O programa foi disponibilizado para download gratuitamente, juntamente com o código fonte. Pouco tempo depois, a encriptação PGP ficou disponível fora dos Estados Unidos e Zimmerman tornou-se alvo de investigação criminal por “exportação de munições”. Os sistemas criptográficos, com chaves superiores a 40 bits, eram na altura considerados “munições”, segundo a definição da lei americana que regulava as exportações.4 Autodenominados Cypherpunks.5 Pseudónimo de indivíduo ou colectivo que permanece anónimo até à actualidade.6 Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, Satoshi Nakamoto, The Cryptography Mailing List (metzdowd.com), 2008.7 Bitcointalk (http://bitcointalk.org), laszio, 22-05-2010.8 Conteúdos anónimos da web que não estão indexados nos motores de busca convencionais e só podem ser acedidos através de software especializado.9 Entre outros, canábis, cocaína e heroína.10 Distributed Denial-of-Service11 Arquitectura de redes de computadores, onde cada ponto (ou nó) funciona simultaneamente como cliente e servidor, sem necessidade de um servidor central, configurando uma topologia distribuida. Este conceito passou também a ser utilizado em dinâmicas sociais.12 Criptografia de chave pública e hashing.13 Por exemplo, a Cooperativa Integral Catalã suporta as criptomoedas e alguns dos seus membros participam no desenvolvimento do projecto DarkWallet, que tem por objectivo incrementar a privacidade da Bitcoin.

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ATM Bitcoin (multibanco) instalada no centro comercial Saldanha emLisboa. Estas máquinas têm-se multiplicado por vários paises desdeOutubro de 2013, data em que o primeiro equipamento foi instalado em Vancouver, no Canadá.

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Na faixa pode-se ler: Contra o Aeroporto e o seu mundo

Page 19: Mapa#8

OCUPAÇÕES RURAIS NA EUROPA 19MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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O Testet é uma de muitas sementes de resistência que brotaram por toda a França quando desde Notre-Dame-des-Landes se espalhou o slogan “ZAD partout” (ZAD por toda a parte).

Em novembro de 2011, mil pessoas marcharam de enxada em mão para ocupar um terreno

para uma horta coletiva na ZAD, França. Fotografia: Anne-Marie Chabod, acipa-ndl.fr

Page 20: Mapa#8

20 LATITUDESMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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“Convidamos-vos a entrar em contacto com o movimento de ‘okupação’ e repovoamento rural, apoiando coletivos ou criando novos projetos. Defendendo o território das garras do Estado e do mercado”

“Não ocupo porque fui expulso das minhas terras – mas precisamente porque já nascemos sem terra.” afirma Zou, parisiense que vive na ZAD desde 2011

/// NOTAS1 Ver ZAD, mais do que uma luta contra um aeroporto, Jornal Mapa, março 20132 reclaimthefields.org3transitionheathrow.com/grow-heathrow4 rosiamontana.org5 hambachforest.blogsport.de6 convergenciapermacultura.wordpress.com7 http://goo.gl/qyPygs8 Bajo el Asfalto está la Huerta!, bah.ourproject.org9 Red Rizoma Tierra y Libertad, colectivosrurales.wordpress.com10 Ver revista Alambique nº5, primavera 2013.

Camponeses sim, Aeroporto não

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LATITUDES 21MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

TEÓFILO FAGUNDESTEÓ[email protected]

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Rojava: Guerra e Revolução

Desde a sua instauração, em 2012, a região autónoma democrática de Rojava (o conjunto desses três cantões) tem sofrido um duro blo-queio económico e uma forte pressão militar, acima de tudo por parte da Turquia, talvez numa tentativa de fazer o projecto autonómico falhar.

JONAS

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Órfãos de líder e de modelo, com o desabar da experiência soviética, os partidários do PKK e do PYD começaram a ler artigos de filósofos, feministas, anarquistas e ecologistas sociais.

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Funcionamento concreto do sistema de comunasA Primavera Árabe chegou à Síria em 2011 e expandiu-se em pouco tempo para Afrin, Jazira e Kobanê, onde se revelou forte e eficaz, a pon-to de ter contribuído de forma decisiva para a retirada do exército sírio dos cantões curdos.Com o espírito assembleário bem presente, o povo dessas regiões, com o apoio do PYD e do PKK, formou o Tev-Dem (Tevgera Ci-vaka Demokratîk – Movimento da Sociedade Democrática).Com a retirada do poder sírio, a situação ameaçava tornar-se caótica e o Tev-Dem ini-ciou a implementação dos seus programas.Programas extraordinariamente inclusivos, mas de organização pré-estabelecida a que se adere ou não. Programas com tudo antecipa-damente pensado. Em primeiro lugar, criar uma quantidade de grupos, comités e comunas nos bairros, aldeias e cidades, com o papel de se envolverem em todos os aspectos da sua sociedade: questões de género, ambiente, edu-cação, saúde.Hoje, estes grupos têm reuniões semanais onde falam dos problemas de onde vivem. Nas cidades, têm o seu representante no grupo principal, chamado “Casa do Povo”.As comunas foram criadas um pouco por todo

o lado. Baseadas no princípio da participação directa na gestão das ruas, dos bairros, das aldeias e das cidades. São os lugares onde as pessoas com mais de 16 anos se organizam voluntariamente para falarem e procurarem soluções para os seus problemas sociais, políticos, ambientais e de segurança.O corpo executivo desta “auto-administração democrática” é eleito pela Assembleia Popular e tem autonomia para implementar e executar as decisões da Casa do Povo. Quase metade dos seus membros são mulheres. Está organizado de forma a que pessoas de todos os géneros, nacionalidades e crenças possam participar.Na maioria das zonas, as decisões são tomadas de acordo com os princípios do consenso. Há cuidados para que uma pessoa não domine os processos.Das suas mãos já saiu um Contrato Social, uma Lei dos Transportes, uma Lei dos Partidos. No Contrato Social, pode ler-se na primeira página: “as áreas de democracia autogerida não aceitam os conceitos de nacionalismo estatal, exército ou religião, gestão e governo centralizados, mas estão abertas a formas compatíveis com as tradições da democracia e do pluralismo”.Há dezenas de partidos. A maioria em oposição ao PYD, ao Tev-Dem e à auto-ad-ministração democrática. A única restrição que têm é a de não poderem ter guerrilheiros ou milícias sob seu comando.

/// NOTAS1 Não é possível determinar o número exacto de curdos que vivem no Médio Oriente, principalmente devido à relutância dos vários governos das regiões habitadas por curdos em fornecer dados importantes.2 A história que se conta nos meios de comunicação explica todas as alterações do PKK e do PYD unica-mente através da “visão” de Oçalan. Diz-se que, na prisão, tropeçou em Murray Bookchin (escritor anar-quista, percursor das ideias da ecologia social), adoptou o seu “municipalismo libertário” e, com algumas modificações, rebaptizou-o de “confederalismo democrático” e, mesmo atrás de grades, promoveu a criação do Grupo de Comunidades do Curdistão (Koma Civakên Kurdistan, ou KCK), uma experiência territorial do PKK de uma sociedade livre e de democracia directa.3 Há, aliás, um texto que explora as semelhanças entre Rogava e Chiapas (http://roarmag.org/2014/07/rojava-autonomy-syrian-kurds/)4 Como curiosidade, refira-se que Janet Biehl, viúva de Bookchin, tem estudado as KCK no terreno e tem escrito sobre as suas experiências do site http://new-compass.net. Também traduziu e publicou o livro Democratic Autonomy in North Kurdistan: The Council Movement, Gender Liberation, and Ecology (2013)5 O texto completo da Constituição de Rojava pode ser encontrado em castelhano, por exemplo em http://www.resumenlatinoamericano.org/?p=5926

O exército turco mantém-se na fronteira a impedir que reforços, armas e munições cheguem aos defensores de Kobanê, ao mesmo tempo que abre poros para que jihadistas a atravessem.

Page 24: Mapa#8

24 LATITUDESMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

TEXTO E FOTOGRAFIAS:WILLIAM [email protected]

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À espera da mãe RússiaA guerra civil ucraniana e sua contextualização geo-política, vista por um fotojornalista que, no último ano, tem documentado o conflito que conta já com mais de 4300 mortos.

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~ãáúÇÉ= Ççë= ä~´çë= ÑçêíÉë= èìÉ= íáJåÜ~ã= Åçã= ~= oúëëá~I= Ö~ê~åíáåÇç=åÉÖµÅáçë=áåíÉêå~Åáçå~áë=çé~Åçë=É=

äìÅê~íáîçë= èìÉ= êÉÑçê´~ê~ã= ç= ëÉì=

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íÉ=~ë=éçäííáÅ~ë=áåíÉêå~Åáçå~áë=êìëJ

Situada no coração do continente europeu, a Ucrânia foi sempre um importante campo de batalha para exércitos estrangeiros rivais. Vikings, góticos, bizantinos, mongóis, polacos, czaristas, nazis e soviéticos, todos eles lutaram e morreram pelo controlo da região.

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DE MAIDAN A DONETSK 25MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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éçéìä~êÉë= ÇÉ= Éíåá~= êìëë~= ~éêçî~î~ã=

~=~åÉñ~´©ç=åìã=êÉÑÉêÉåÇç= áåÑçêã~äK=

bã= t~ëÜáåÖíçå= É= _êìñÉä~ëI= Ü~îá~ã=

êìãçêÉë= ÇÉ= ìã= éçëëíîÉä= ~í~èìÉ= êÉJäßãé~Öç= êìëëç= ~= háÉî= É= Éã=açåÉíëâ=

Ü~îá~= ìã= ãÉÇç= ÅêÉëÅÉåíÉ= ÇÉ= ìã~=

Após a queda do governo, alguns mem-bros da oligarquia ucraniana renasce-ram como políticos proeminentes do Maidan, com as suas fervorosas platafor-mas anti-russas, e alguns nacionalistas ucranianos radicais introduziram-se es-trategicamente nos novos aparelhos de segurança do país.

A praça Maidan no centro de Kiev foi durante os primeiros meses do ano o centro neurálgico da resistência ao governo pró-russo de Yanukovych

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Å~ëI= çì= Åçãç= ãçîáãÉåíçë= éçäííáÅçë=åÉçJÑ~ëÅáëí~ë=É=äìí~ë=ÇÉ=äáÄÉêí~´©ç=å~J

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ÉëíÉà~ã=éêÉëÉåíÉë=åç=~Åíì~ä=ÅçåÑäáíçI=

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Simplificar a guerra actual na Ucrânia, ou como uma batalha entre os interesses de-mocráticos ocidentais e as aspirações im-periais pós-soviéticas, ou como movimen-tos políticos neo-fascistas e lutas de liber-tação nacional, não ajuda à compreensão das verdadeiras causas desta guerra.

Åáçë~=Ç~ë=ëì~ë=áåíÉêJêÉä~´õÉë=ÅçãéäÉJ

ñ~ë=¨=èìÉ=éçÇÉãçë=ÉåÅçåíê~ê=ìã~=êÉJ

ëçäì´©çK=`çãç=Éã=íçÇçë=çë=ÅçåÑäáíçëI=

~= ÖìÉêê~= å~=rÅêßåá~= íÉã= ëáÇç= ÇÉëí~J

Å~Ç~=éçê=ãçãÉåíçë=~=éêÉíç=É=Äê~åÅç=

ÉåíêÉ=ç=ÅÉêíç=É=Éêê~ÇçI=ã~ë=¨=ÇÉÑáåáÇ~=

éçê=ìã=ÅçåÑìëç=É=Éëã~Ö~Ççê=ÅáåòÉåJ

íçK=j~áë=ÇÉ=QPMM=éÉëëç~ë=ãçêêÉê~ã=~=

äìí~ê=ÇÉëÇÉ=èìÉ=ç=ÅçåÑäáíç=ÅçãÉ´çì=ÉI=

áåÑÉäáòãÉåíÉI=íìÇç=Éëí•=ãìáíç=ãÉåçë=

Åä~êç=~Öçê~=Çç=èìÉ=èì~åÇç=ÅÜÉÖìÉá=~=

háÉî=Ü•=éçìÅç=ãÉåçë=ÇÉ=ìã=~åçK=l=

èìÉ=¨=Åä~êç=é~ê~=ãáã=¨=èìÉ=ë©ç=ëÉãJ

éêÉ=çë=Åáîáë=èìÉ=é~Ö~ã=éÉä~ë=ÇÉÅáëõÉë=Ççë=ÜçãÉåë=~êã~Ççë=É=ÇÉ=èìÉ=åÉëëÉë=

åìåÅ~=áãéçêí~=ÇÉ=èìÉ=ä~Çç=Éëí•ëK

A proclamação da República de Donetsk é a desesperada resposta russa (juntamente à anexação da Crimeia) à intervenção ocidental em Maidan e ao pior pesadelo de Moscovo, a Ucrânia na OTAN.

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TRANSHUMANISMO MON AMOUR 27MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

κοινωνία

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Sê tudo o que podes ser1

O projecto DARPA e as novas raças de super-humanos. Exércitos preparados para

um futuro que já está aqui.

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/// NOTAS1 Slogan do exército americano, que adquire hoje uma significação nova e inquietante. 2 Intracerebral Radio Stimulation an recording in Completely Free Patients, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Vol. 147(4), 1968, 329-340.

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28 A EFEMÉRIDEMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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Conceitos como ateísmo, roubo, prostituição, incesto, sodomia, até o assassínio, são para ele (Sade) institucionalizáveis. Foi preso pelos vários regimes políticos da época em que viveu: monarquia, república, consulado e império.

O LIMBO DA LÍBIDO

Page 29: Mapa#8

A EFEMÉRIDE 29MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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ufuK= bã= NUPQ= ç= aáÅáçå•êáç= råáîÉêë~ä= ìë~=

ç=íÉêãç=ë~ÇáëãçI=ëáÖåáÑáÅ~åÇçW=“~ÄÉêê~´©ç=ÜçêêíîÉä=Çç=ÇÉÄçÅÜÉX= ëáëíÉã~=ãçåëíêìçëç=É=~åíáJëçÅá~ä=èìÉ= êÉîçäí~=~=å~íìêÉò~ÒK=j~ë=ç=

åçãÉ=íçêå~êJëÉJá~=Ñ~ãçëç=ÇÉéçáë=ÇÉ=ìë~Çç=

éÉäç=éëáèìá~íê~=hê~ÑÑíJbÄáåÖ=åìã=Å~í•äçÖç=

ÇÉ= éëáÅçé~íá~ë= ëÉñì~áëI= Éã= NUUSK= jÉëãç=

~ëëáã=¨=éçëëíîÉä=ÑçäÜÉ~ê=çÄê~ë=ãáåìÅáçë~ë=

ëçÄêÉ= “~ë= fÇÉá~ë= É= ëÉåëáÄáäáÇ~ÇÉ= Çç= ë¨Åìäç=usfffÒI=ëÉã=ÉåÅçåíê~ê=ç=ëÉì=åçãÉK=“mçÇÉêJÉãçëI=ëÉã=êÉåÉÖ~ê=~=åçëë~=áåÇáîáÇì~äáÇ~ÇÉI=ë~íáëÑ~òÉê=~ë=åçëë~ë=~ëéáê~´õÉë=¶=ìåáîÉêë~äáJÇ~ÇÉ\=lì=¨=~éÉå~ë=éÉäç=ë~ÅêáÑíÅáç=Ç~ë=åçëJë~ë=ÇáÑÉêÉå´~ë=èìÉ=éçÇÉêÉãçë= áåíÉÖê~êJåçë=å~= ÅçäÉÅíáîáÇ~ÇÉ\= bëí~= èìÉëí©ç= áåíÉêÉëë~J

“Estes princípios e gostos foram por mim leva-dos até ao fanatismo e o fanatismo é obra das perseguições dos meus tiranos. Voluntarioso, colérico, arrebatado, extremado em tudo, de um desregramento de imaginação quanto aos cos-tumes como igual nunca houve, ateu até ao fa-natismo, eis como eu sou; e repito: matem-me ou aceitem-me assim, porque eu jamais mudarei”

Marquis (1989) de Henry Xhonneux é uma excelente proposta cinematográfica que tem como eixo principal o pensamento do Marquês de Sade. Decorre durante a sua “estadia” na Bastilha, onde um entediado e resignado Donatien Alphonse se vê constantemente superado pelo carácter rebelde do seu próprio pénis, que está decidido a deixar claro que é ele quem controla o seu amo e não o contrário.

Page 30: Mapa#8

30 BALDIOMAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

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1. Campo Sagrado, Guerra Sagrada de Lech Kowalski2. Dióspiros Vermelhos de Shinsuke Ogawa3. Abelhas e Homens de Markus Imhoof

1

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SALTA MONTES 31MAPA / JORNAL DE INFORMAÇÃO CRÍTICA / DEZEMBRO’14 - FEVEREIRO’15

FILIPE [email protected]

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/// NOTAS1 http://goo.gl/kSyBTD2 http://goo.gl/Jk5b1i3 http://goo.gl/i6jU8R4 Miguel Torga: “Fogo Preso”, Coimbra, 1976

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Almada: Centro de Cultura Libertária (Rua Cândido dos Reis, 121, 1º Dto, Cacilhas) / Oficina Divagar, Rua Serpa Pinto, 4 1ºandar Arouca: Quiosque do Parque (Av. 25 de Abril) Barcelos: CCOB – círculo católico operário de barcelos (Rua D. Diogo Pinheiro)Braga: Livraria Centésima Página (Avenida Central) / Papelaria Unipessoal (Largo da Estação – Edificio da CP) / Tabacaria Central (Estação de Camionagem) / Quiosque Duarte (Largo Paulo Orósio) / Quiosque do Pópulo (Praça Conselheiro Torres Almeida) / Papelaria Tabacaria ARJP (Rua Frei José Vilaça – Ferreiros) Castro Verde: ContraCapa – Livraria Papelaria (Av. General Humberto Delgado, Nº 85, Castro Verde) Coimbra:Tabacaria Espirito Santo (Praça 8 de Maio, nº8) / Papelaria Botânico (Bairro S. José, nº1) Evora: Tabacaria Génesis ( Rua João de Deus n.º 150 ) / Fonte das Letras ( Rua 5 de Outubro n.º 51 ) Guimarães: Loja do Júlio (Rua da Rainha D. Maria II, 145) / Livraria Snob (Rua D. João I, 210A) Lisboa: Livraria Letra Livre (Calçada do Combro, 139) / BOESG (Rua das janelas Verdes nº13, 1º esq) / RDA (Rua regueirão dos anjos nº69) / Casa da Achada (Rua da Achada, nºs 11 r/c e 11B) / Espaço MOB (Travessa da Queimada, 33, Bairro Alto) / Zona Franca (Rua de Moçambique nº42, Anjos) / Livraria Caixa dos Livros (FLUL, Alameda da Universidade) / Associação de Estudantes da FCSH da Universidade Nova de Lisboa / Centro LGBT (Rua dos Fanqueiros nº 40) Mangualde: Papelaria Adrião (Largo do Rossio, nº7) Ourique: Quiosque Tony (Praça Garvão) Porto: Livraria Utopia (Rua Regeneração 22 / Gato Vadio (Rua do rosário, 281) / Casa Viva (Praça marquês pombal 167) / Espaço Musas (Rua do Bonjardim, 998) / Terra Viva (Rua dos Caldeireiros nº 213) / Dar à Sola (Rua dos Caldeireiros, nº204) / Copacabana Café (Rua de Belém, 624) / Casa da Horta (Rua de São Francisco, 12A) / Tendinha dos Poveiros (Praça dos Poveiros) / Livraria Poetria (Rua das Oliveiras, 70 r/c, loja 12) / Duas de letra (S. Lázaro) / Café Pedra Nova (Rua da Alegria) / Louie Louie (Rua do Almada, 275) / Bar Picadilly (Rua de S. Vitor) / Bazar Quental (Rua Antero de Quental, 80) Setúbal: Associação José Afonso, Casa da Cultura, 1º andar / Livraria Universo, Rua do Concelho nº 13 (junto à Câmara Municipal de Setúbal) / Papelaria e Tabacaria Portela (Av. 22 de Dezembro, nº21, Loja 6- Centro Comercial de São Julião) / Livraria Culsete (Avenida 22 Dezembro nº23) / Taifa bar (Avenida Luisa Todi nº 558, 2900-456 Setúbal) Vila do Conde: Pátio Café (Praça da República, 12, 4480-715 Vila do Conde)

Cortesia: Mónica Baptista

Espaços onde podes encontrar o MAPA

MAPA: Jornal de Informação CríticaNúmero 8Dezembro 2014 / Fevereiro 2015

Propriedade: Associação Mapa CríticoNIPC: 510789013Morada da redacção: Rua das janelas Verdes nº13, 1º esq, LisboaRegisto ERC: 126329

Diretor: Guilherme LuzEditor: Ana GuerraSubdirector:Frederico LoboDirector adjunto: Inês Oliveira Santos

Colaboram neste número com Artigos, Inves-tigações, Ilustrações, Fotografias, Design, Paginação, revisão, Site e Distribuição:M.Lima*, IA *, Filipe Nunes*, Gastão Liz*, Teófilo Fagundes*, Delfim Cadenas*, C. Custóia, Samuel Buton, J. Barreira, José Smith Vargas*, Ana Rute Vila*, Cláudio Duque*, P.M*, A.P, Ali Baba*, Júlio Silvestre*, José Pedro Araújo*, Granado da Silva*, Olegário Bigodes, X. Espada, Huma*, Finja Delz, Palinho, João Paulo Gomes, João Martins, J. Barreira, Pedro Bravo, Francisco Colaço Pedro, William Sands, κοινωνία, Manuel Dias, J.H, Sara Serrão, Yann Renoult

Periodicidade: TrimestralPVP: 1 euroTiragem: 3000 exemplares

Contacto: [email protected]ção: [email protected]: [email protected]: www.jornalmapa.ptFacebook: facebook.com/JornalMapa2012Twitter: twitter.com/jornalmapa

Depósito legal: 357026/13

Tipografia: Funchalense-Empresa gráfica S.A.Morada: Rua da Capela da Nossa Senhora da Conceição, nº50-Morelena 2715-029 Pêro Pinheiro-Portugal.

Os artigos não assinados são da respon-sabilidade do colectivo editorial do jornal MAPA. Os restantes, assinados em nome individual ou colectivo, são da exclusiva responsabilidade dos seus autores.

Page 32: Mapa#8

Petrolíferas abandonam Portugal

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20 DE DEZEMBRO (14H ÀS 23H)Grupo Excursionista dos Amigos do Minho.

Rua do Benformoso nº244, 1º. Intendente, Lisboa

28 DE FEVEREIROSociedade Musical União Paredense (SMUP).

Em parceria com a Associação Cultura no Muro.Rua Marquês de Pombal, nº319. Parede

NÚMERO 8DEZEMBRO 2014 -FEVEREIRO 20153000 EXEMPLARES JO

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.PT

NU STA DJUNTO é um movimento de entre ajuda e auto-gestão ba-seado nos princípios da união, da auto-suficiên-cia e da solidariedade. Num contexto, onde cada vez mais o cinto nos aperta a todos e a sobrevivência nos tenta pôr uns contra os outros, é importante sentirmos que não estamos sozinhos, para contra-riar o medo que nos divide e isola.Através da organização de eventos (normal-mente concertos de Hip-Hop), bem como ou-tras formas de contribuição, angariamos co-mida, roupa, mobília, etc. Também é possível, em alguns estabelecimentos comerciais, pedir a um cliente para fazer uma doação através do arredondamento do preço de uma despe-sa a favor do Nu Sta Djunto. Para partilhar di-retamente com quem precisa.A distribuição é gerida através das mesmas pessoas que organizam o evento solidário e os

bens são entregues às pessoas que mais ne-

cessitam ao seu redor, seja na sua cidade, no seu bairro ou na sua casa.Como todos nós podemos ajudar e ser ajudados, Nu Sta Junto funciona ‘de todos para todos’, sem qualquer tipo de

distância ou diferença entre quem dá e quem recebe. Com

isto, pretendem-se criar relações e estruturas horizontais sem represen-

tantes nem representados, onde cada pes-soa sinta que o movimento ‘é seu’ e se possa envolver livremente, enquanto indivíduo em coletivo.Em relação às entidades, será sempre recebi-da com toda a gratidão todo o tipo de ajuda, enquanto a intenção da mesma for apenas o ato solidário. A boa vontade não vem com se-gundas intenções. Nu Sta Djunto não promove nomes, não reclama méritos nem alimenta lu-cros. Os laços acontecem entre as pessoas.Estamos juntos.

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