Mao and the Economic Stalinization of China, 1948-1953 by Hua-Yu LiReview by: Lucian W. PyeForeign Affairs, Vol. 85, No. 6 (Nov. - Dec., 2006), p. 177Published by: Council on Foreign RelationsStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20032194 .

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Mao and the Economic Stalinization of China, 1948-1953. BY HUA-YU LI. Rowman &

Littlefield, 2006, 266 pp. $75.oo. During its rise to power, the Chinese Communist Party often seemed to cham pion liberal values and spoke of building a "New Democracy." But then, in 1953,

Mao Zedong made a 18o-degree turn and declared the "general line" to be the "transition to socialism." Hard-line communist rhetoric became dominant, and every policy had to meet the test of ideological purity; Mao the pragmatist was replaced by Mao the obsessed ideologue.

Li has gone to great effort to uncover the story of this change, and her research into the years immediately after the ccp came to power shows that Sino-Soviet relations were far more complex than

Western opinion imagined at the time. Stalin thought the Chinese were not sufficiently developed to start a socialist revolution, whereas Mao suspected that Stalin was trying to hold China back. Li concludes that "Mao was paradoxically both a disciple and a rival of Stalin." It was only after Stalin died that Mao was free to advance his belief in the importance of disciplined ideology.

China's Deep Reform: Domestic Politics in Transition. EDITED BY LOWELL

DITTMER AND GUOLI LIU. Rowman

& Littlefield, 2oo6, 532 pp. $89.oo (paper, $34.95).

This impressive anthology presents a selection of articles on China's post-Mao reforms, which together offer a detailed analysis of their political and economic effects both in China and abroad. Elite politics became more open and aboveboard, while the economy was opened up to foreign investment and trade (although

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