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Chapter 13Managing Change and Innovation

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What is Change? Alterations in people Alterations in structure Alterations in technology

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Categories of Change

STRUCTUREAuthority relationshipsCoordinating mechanismsJob redesignSpans of control

PEOPLE

AttitudesExpectationsPerceptionsBehaviour

TECHNOLOGY

Work processesWork methodsEquipment

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External Forces of Change Marketplace Government laws and regulations Technology Economic

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Internal Forces of Change Corporate strategy The workforce Technology and equipment Employee attitudes

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Change Agents

OutsideConsultants

StaffSpecialistsManagers

C

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Resistance to Change

Fear of losingsomething

of value

IndividualResistance

Belief that changeIs not good fororganization

Fear ofunknown

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Reducing Resistance to Change Education and communication Participation Facilitation and support Negotiation Manipulation and co-optation Coercion

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Categories of Change Structure (teams) Technology (continuous improvement) People (training)

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Organization Development

Planned, long-term, organization-wide change initiative that focuses

on values and beliefs

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OD Techniques: Survey Feedback

I’d like to ask somequestionsto help usunderstandwhat you think aboutthe leadershipin our company.

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OD Techniques: Team Building

It is importantfor us to learnto work togetherand sing from thesame song sheet

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OD Techniques

Process consultation Intergroup development

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Stressin the

Workplace

Constraints

Opportunities

Demands

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Stressors

PersonalPersonalityFamilyFinances

OrganizationalTask demandsRole demandsInterpersonalStructureLeadershipSTRESS

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Ways to Reduce Stress

Proper match of employees to job Clear expectations Employee assistance programs Wellness programs

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What IsCreativity?

Combining new ideas in

unique ways or making

unusual connections

What IsInnovation?

Process of taking creative

idea and making into a

useful product, service,

or method of operation

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Innovation Process

Perception

Innovation

Incubation

Inspiration

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Fostering Innovation Structure Culture Human resource practices

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CharacteristicsCharacteristicsof anof an

InnovativeInnovativeCultureCulture

AmbiguityAmbiguity

ExternalExternalControlsControls

ImpracticalImpractical

RiskRiskConflictConflict

OpenOpenSystemsSystems

Ends/MeansEnds/Means

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Entrepreneurs and Innovation Key characteristic Supportive culture Need to be able to do something with

ideas