managerial accounting-v1.2

MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING

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Contents COMMITMENT MANAGEMENTS ............................................................................................. 4

Maintain Financial Management Area (OF01) ........................................................................... 4

Assign Company code to FM area (OF18) ................................................................................. 4

Assign Fiscal year Variant to FM area (OF32) ........................................................................... 4

Assign field status variants to company code (FMUV) .............................................................. 4

Commitment item creation (FMCIA) ......................................................................................... 5

Assign Commitment item to GL ................................................................................................. 5

Commitment Item Posting (FMZ1) ............................................................................................ 5

Field Status group settings (OBC4) ............................................................................................ 5

Purchase Documents Posting ...................................................................................................... 6

Display Fund Commitment Status (FMZ3) ................................................................................ 6

PROFIT CENTER ACCOUNTING ............................................................................................... 6

Set controlling area (OKKS) ....................................................................................................... 6

Maintain Controlling area settings (0KE5) ................................................................................. 6

Create Dummy profit Centre (KE59) ......................................................................................... 7

Set Control parameters for Actual data (1KEF) ......................................................................... 7

Maintain Plan Version (OKEQ).................................................................................................. 7

Define number range for local Documents (GB02) .................................................................... 7

Creation of Profit Centre (KE51) ................................................................................................ 8

Creation of Cost Centres ............................................................................................................. 8

Revenue Elements Creation ........................................................................................................ 9

Maintain automatic account assignments of Revenue elements (OKB9) ................................... 9

Choose additional balance sheet and Profit and Loss account ................................................... 9

Choose Accounts (3KEH)........................................................................................................... 9

Account Group Creation (KDH1) ............................................................................................. 10

Define Plan values for PL items (7KE1) .................................................................................. 10

Define Plan Value for Balance sheet items (7KE3) .................................................................. 11

Actual Values Postings ............................................................................................................. 11

Revenue Postings .................................................................................................................. 11

Cost posting .......................................................................................................................... 12

Profit Centre PL Report (S_ALR_87013326) .......................................................................... 12


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Profit Centre wise Balance sheet (S_ALR_87013336) ........................................................ 12

PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS (CO-PA) .................................................................................... 13

Define operating concerns (KEA0) .......................................................................................... 14

Define profitability segments characteristics (KEQ3) .............................................................. 14

Assign controlling area to operating concerns (KEKK) ........................................................... 15

Determine number ranges for actual postings (KEN1)............................................................. 15

Maintain assignment of SD condition to CO-PA Value fields (KE4I) ..................................... 15

Maintain PA Transfer structure for direct postings (KEI2) ...................................................... 15

Activate profitability analysis (KEKE) ..................................................................................... 16

Sales Order creation .................................................................................................................. 16

Creation of Sales Order ......................................................................................................... 16

Goods Deliver ........................................................................................................................... 17

Display of Documents............................................................................................................... 17

Billing (VF01) ........................................................................................................................... 17

Billing Documents update in FI (VF02) ................................................................................... 17

CO-PA Report Generation ........................................................................................................ 18

Create Profitability Report ........................................................................................................ 19

COMMITMENT MANAGEMENTS ........................................................................................... 19

Maintain Financial Management Area (OF01) ......................................................................... 19

Assign Company code to FM area (OF18) ............................................................................... 20

Assign Fiscal year Variant to FM area (OF32) ......................................................................... 20

Assign field status variants to company code (FMUV) ............................................................ 20

Commitment item creation (FMCIA) ....................................................................................... 20

Assign Commitment item to GL ............................................................................................... 20

Commitment Item Posting (FMZ1) .......................................................................................... 21

Field Status group settings (OBC4) .......................................................................................... 21

Purchase Documents Posting .................................................................................................... 21

Display Fund Commitment Status (FMZ3) .............................................................................. 22

PROFIT CENTER ACCOUNTING ............................................................................................. 22

Set controlling area (OKKS) ..................................................................................................... 22

Maintain Controlling area settings (0KE5) ............................................................................... 22

Create Dummy profit Centre (KE59) ....................................................................................... 22

Set Control parameters for Actual data (1KEF) ....................................................................... 23


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Maintain Plan Version (OKEQ)................................................................................................ 23

Define number range for local Documents (GB02) .................................................................. 23

Creation of Profit Centre (KE51) .............................................................................................. 24

Creation of Cost Centres ........................................................................................................... 24

Revenue Elements Creation ...................................................................................................... 24

Maintain automatic account assignments of Revenue elements (OKB9) ................................. 24

Choose additional balance sheet and Profit and Loss account ................................................. 25

Choose Accounts (3KEH)......................................................................................................... 25

Account Group Creation (KDH1) ............................................................................................. 25

Define Plan values for PL items (7KE1) .................................................................................. 26

Define Plan Value for Balance sheet items (7KE3) .................................................................. 26

Actual Values Postings ............................................................................................................. 27

Revenue Postings .................................................................................................................. 27

Cost posting .......................................................................................................................... 27

Profit Centre PL Report (S_ALR_87013326) .......................................................................... 27

Profit Centre wise Balance sheet (S_ALR_87013336) ............................................................ 28

PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS (CO-PA) .................................................................................... 28

Define operating concerns (KEA0) .......................................................................................... 29

Define profitability segments characteristics (KEQ3) .............................................................. 30

Assign controlling area to operating concerns (KEKK) ........................................................... 30

Determine number ranges for actual postings (KEN1)............................................................. 30

Maintain assignment of SD condition to CO-PA Value fields (KE4I) ..................................... 30

Maintain PA Transfer structure for direct postings (KEI2) ...................................................... 31

Activate profitability analysis (KEKE) ..................................................................................... 31

Sales Order creation .................................................................................................................. 31

Creation of Sales Order ......................................................................................................... 31

Goods Deliver ........................................................................................................................... 32

Display of Documents............................................................................................................... 32

Billing (VF01) ........................................................................................................................... 32

Billing Documents update in FI (VF02) ................................................................................... 33

CO-PA Report Generation ........................................................................................................ 33

Create Profitability Report ........................................................................................................ 34


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COMMITMENT MANAGEMENTS In FI commitment refers to certain Commitment, Liabilities like the outstanding orders, open

purchase orders, bill liability etc. In CO the Commitment refers to the contractual or scheduled

commitments in CO production orders, Internal orders, Maintenance orders, Production orders,

Sales Orders, Network, Cost centres etc. that has not yet been passed on to FI but will result in

actual expenditure in the future.

Maintain Financial Management Area (OF01) Path: Spro → Img → Enterprise structure → Definition → Financial Accounting → Maintain

Financial Management area

Click on new entries

FM Area FM Area text FM Area currency

FMGT Financial Management Area for TAST INR

Press enter key and Save

Note: The FM area Currency is need to be same with Currency assigned to the company code

Assign Company code to FM area (OF18) Path: Spro → Img → Enterprise structure → Assignment → Financial Accounting → Assign

company code to FM area

Click on Position

Company code FM Area

TAST FMGT


Assign Fiscal year Variant to FM area (OF32) Path: Spro → Img → Public sector Management → Funds management government → Basic

setting → Fiscal year variant → Assign fiscal year variants to FM Area

Click on position

FM area Fiscal year variant

FMGT TE


Assign field status variants to company code (FMUV) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Cost centre Accounting → .Commitment and Fund

managements → Field control for fund managements → Assign filed status variant to company

code

Click on Position

Company code – TAST

Field Status variants – FMRE (earmarked fund status variants)



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Commitment item creation (FMCIA) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Public sector managements → Fund managements →

Master data → Account assignment elements → Commitment item → Individual Processing

FM Area – FMGT (tick mark)

Commitment item – 1000 (Any code)

Click on create field

Name – Purchase

Description – Purchases

Financial transaction – 30 (Revenue, Expenses, Asset, Inventory stock)

Commitment item category – 3


Assign Commitment item to GL Go to FS00 Select Purchases Account and click on change field

Click on create/ bank /interest tab

Commitment item – 1000

Press enter key Save

Commitment Item Posting (FMZ1) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Cost elements Accounting → Actual

Posting → Funds commitment → Create

Documents type – CO (CO fund commitment)

Document date – 31-04-09 Type – DR Company code – TAST

Posting date – 31-04-09 Period – 01 Currency – INR

Documents header text – Purchases

Original amount – 500000

Commitment item – 1000 (Purchase)

GL – Purchase account Business area – TAHY


Note: Before going to posting the Commitment account update with Purchase account in to CO

Field Status group settings (OBC4) Go to OBC4 Field status variants

Click on Position

Field status variants - FSTV

Now select your Field status variants

Double click on field status group

Double click on G004

Double click on Additional Assignment group

Keep Commitment item as Optional entry

Click on Page down key in keyboard

Keep Earmarked funds as Option entry


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Press enter and Save

Purchase Documents Posting Purchase 100000 Goods from Vendor on 01.10.2009

Go to F-43 Post the documents




Postkey – 31 Account - Vendor Account

Amount – 100000

Text - Purchase

Postkey – 40 Account – Purchase Account

Amount- * Text - + Business area – TAHY

Click on More fields botton

Earmarked funds – Select Earmarked fund


Display Fund Commitment Status (FMZ3) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Cost elements Accounting → Actual

Posting → Funds commitment → Display

Document Number – Give Document number

Press enter key

Click on Consumption tab

PROFIT CENTER ACCOUNTING This profit centre Accounting we are using for view the profit of a particular product wise,

Product group wise, location wise etc. (If business area is not maintain in FI records/ Division

wise etc) At the same time you prepare the profit and loss account and Balance sheet.

Set controlling area (OKKS) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Basic settings → Set controlling

area

Controlling area – TACO

Click on save

Maintain Controlling area settings (0KE5) Path: Same as up to basic settings → Controlling area settings → Maintain controlling area

settings

Standard hierarchy – TAST_PF (any)


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Profit centre local currency type – 20 (Controlling area currency)

Profit centre local currency – INR


Comeback

Create Dummy profit Centre (KE59) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Master data → Profit centres →

Create Dummy profit centre

Double click on create Dummy profit centre

Dummy profit centre – Dummy

Click on basic data tab

Name – Dummy

Description – Dummy profit centre

Person reasonable – Ubaid

Profit centre group – TAST_PF


Set Control parameters for Actual data (1KEF) Path: Same as up to Profit centre accounting → Basic settings → Controlling area settings →

Activate direct posting → Set control parameters for actual data


From year Line item Online transfer

2009 Tick mark Tick mark


Come back wise

Maintain Plan Version (OKEQ) Path: Same as up to activate direct posting → Plan version → Maintain plan version

Select 0 plan version

Double click on settings for profit centre accounting folder


Year Online Transfer Line items Exchange rate type

2009 Tick mark Tick mark M


Come back three times

Define number range for local Documents (GB02) Path: Same as up to Profit centre accounting → Actual Posting → Basic settings actual →

Define number range for local documents


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Click on maintain group tab (F6)

Activate click on Actual documents from direct posting check box

Go to Intervals in Menubar → Select Maintain

Company code – TAST (tick mark)

Click on insert Intervals

Year From number To number

2009 1 10000


Comeback

Activate click planned documents from direct posting check box

Go to intervals in Menubar → Select maintain

Company code – TAST (Tick mark)

Click on insert intervals

Year From number To Number

2009 100001 200000



Creation of Profit Centre (KE51) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Master data

→ Profit centre → Individual Processing → Create

Profit centre – Steel (Product wise)

Click on Master data tab

Analysis period – 01-04-09 To 31-12-9999

Name – Steel

Long text – Steel

Person responsible – Ubaid


Press enter key

Click on Activate Field (No need for Save)

Creation of Cost Centres For profit centre directly we post revenues values but its not possible to post cost values. If you

want to post cost values for profit centres we create a cost centre in cost centre accounting

through this cost centre we are posting cost.

Go to KS01 Create cost centre Steel under Production departments

Cost centre – Steel

Valid from – 01-04-09 To – 31-12-9999


Name – Steel

Description – Steel



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Cost centre Category – 01

Hierarchy area – Prod

Business area – THAY

Currency – INR

Profit Centre – Steel


Revenue Elements Creation Go to FS00 Create the Sales of Steel account under the incomes with field status group G029 and

Update the account in to CO. Cost elements category – 11

Maintain automatic account assignments of Revenue elements (OKB9) There we assign what are the revenue we are posting to profit centre those elements we are

assigning here.

Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Actual posting → Maintain

automatic account assignments of revenue elements.


Company code Cost elements Account assignments details

TAST Sales of Steels a/c 2 (business area is mandatory)

Select your Company code

Double click on Details per business area


Business area Profit centre

TAHY Steel


Comeback four times

Choose additional balance sheet and Profit and Loss account Path: Same

Choose Accounts (3KEH) Click on new entries

Account from Account to Profit centre

100001 300000 Steel


Click on Profit centre Deter: Details tab

Click on create field (F5)

Description – Profit centre balance sheet business area wise

Source field

GSBER – Business area

Click on maintain rule values tab

Click on yes


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Click ON/OF tab

Account Number To Account Numb Business area Profit centre

100001 300000 TAHY Steel


Come back four times

Account Group Creation (KDH1) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Master data

→ Account group → Create

A) Acct Group – PL-Items

Click on Hierarchy field (F6)

PL Items – Profit and Loss items

Click on Account tab

PL Items – Profit and Loss Items

→ 300001 - 500000



B) Acct Group – BS_Items

Click on Hierarchy Field (F6)

BS_items – Balance sheet items


BS-items

→ 100001 - 300000


Comeback wise

Define Plan values for PL items (7KE1) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre Accounting → Planning →

Cost/ Revenues → Change

Version – 0

From period - 12 To – 12

Fiscal year – 2009


Profit centre – Steel

Account Group – PL items

Select form based

Press F5 for Overview the screen

Account Numb Text Reporting Currency

3000014 Sale of Steel a/c 80000

400005 Salaries a/c 8000



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Note: Like we can assign the plan value of every PL items

Define Plan Value for Balance sheet items (7KE3) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre Accounting → Planning →

Balance sheet accounts → Change

Version – 0





Account Group – BS_ items

Select form based



100009 SBI Loan a/c 100000

200008 SBI Account a/c 100000


Note: Like we can assign the plan value of every BS items

Actual Values Postings

Revenue Postings Go to F-22 Post customer invoice with 100000 on 31-04-09

Customer Account

To Sales of Steel a/c



Documents header text – Customer invoice posting

Postkey – 01 Account – Customer Account

Press enter key

Amount – 100000 Business area – TAHY

Text – Customer invoice posting

Post key – 50 Account – Sale of Steel account

Press enter key

Amount - *

Text - + Business area – TAHY

Press enter key Simulate and Save


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Cost posting Go to F-02 post the following Documents on 31-04-09 and Assign the Steel cost centre

Salaries account 10000

To Cash 10000

Profit Centre PL Report (S_ALR_87013326) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Information

systems → Reports for Profit centre accounting → Interactive Reporting → Profit centre group:

Plan/Actual/Variance

From Period – 12

To period – 12


Plan version – 0

Profit centre values – Steel

Profit + Loss Values – Click on the arrow Mark in front of the P+L values

Assign Single value column

300014

400005

Press F8 for execute

Profit Centre wise Balance sheet (S_ALR_87013336) Path: Same as up to Interactive Reporting → Profit centre group: Profit centre group: Balance

sheet account Plan/Actual/Variance

From Period – 12

To period – 12


Plan version – 0

Profit Centre Value – Steel

Click on the (Arrow mark) in front of the Balance sheet value

Assign

10009

20007

Press F8 for copy and press F8 for execute


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PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS (CO-PA) What is the functionality of a PA Module?

PA Module is the most important when it comes to analysis the result of the organization.

In this module we basically collect the revenues from the sales order cost from production order,

cost centre, internal orders and analysis there results.

The interesting part about this module is that when it collecting the cost and revenue at the same

times it also collect the characteristics associated with the cost and revenue

Using PA Module we can find out the following things…

1- Profit of a certain product

2- Profit of a certain products in certain region

3- Profit of a certain products in certain region by certain customers

4- Profit of certain products in certain region by certain sales person that mean we can view

the products for the number of parameters at a time

What is mean by operating concerns?

The operating concern is the highest module in profitability analysis. The operating concern is

assigned to controlling area with in the operating concerns all the transaction of profitability

analysis are started.

What are the characteristics and value fields?

Value fields

In the operating concern there are two things are basically defined

a) Characteristics

b) Value fields

Characteristics

Characteristics are nothing but those accepts on which we want to breakdown the profit

classically surcharge, region, products, product z, sales person etc.

Value fields

Values fields are nothing but the values are associated with this characteristics.

Once we defined the characteristics and values are updated in the table..

Once we have capture the all cost and revenues how do u analyses them?

By analyses the report writes using the report writer functionality in SAP.


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Define operating concerns (KEA0) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Structure → Define operating

concern → Maintain operating concerns

Operating concern – TAST (Any code)

Click on Create fields

Description – Operating concerns for TAST

Select costing-based

Select Account-based

Click on Attributes tab

Operating concern currency – INR

Company code currency – (Tick mark)

Fiscal year variants – V3 (Standards)

Press enter key and Save.

Click on Data structure tab

Click on create filed under data structure tab

Select KMVTNR – Sales employee characteristics from transfer from column tab and click on

left tab

Click on value fields tab

Select VV010 – Revenue, VV140 – Cost of goods sold value fields from copy from column

select click on left arrow

Now go to Data structure in Menubar → Select Save

Now again go to Data structure in Menubar select Active

Comeback and click on yes

Ignore the warning messages

Comeback

Define profitability segments characteristics (KEQ3) Path: Same

Characteristics Description Costbased+Acc

ARTNR Products Select radio botton

KNDNR Customer Select radio botton


Comeback


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Assign controlling area to operating concerns (KEKK) Path: Spro → Img → Enterprise structure → Assignments → Controlling → Assign controlling

area to operating concerns

Click on position

Controlling area – TACO (Tick mark)

Operating concern – TAST


Comeback

Determine number ranges for actual postings (KEN1) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Flow of actual values → Initial

steps → Define number ranges for actual postings


Click on maintain group

Click on generated group check box (Tick mark)

Go to interval in Menubar → Maintain

Here system generates some default number you can use this or create new

Click on Save

Comeback three times

Maintain assignment of SD condition to CO-PA Value fields (KE4I) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Flow of actual values → Transfer

of billings documents → Assign value fields

Double click on Maintain assignments of SD Condition to CO-PA Value fields


Condition type Value fields

PR00 VV010 (500)

VPRS (Cost of goods sold) VV140 (400)


Comeback twise

Maintain PA Transfer structure for direct postings (KEI2) Path: Same as up to flow of actual values → Direct postings from FI/MM → Maintain PA

transfer structure for direct postings

Select FI (Financial account to CO-PA)

Double click on Assignments line folder

Select 20 – direct revenues from FI

Double click on Source folder

From – 300001 - 400000


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Double click on value fields folder


Quanty / Value Fixed indi Value fields

1 Value fields 1 VV010 (Revenues)


Double click on Assignments lines

Select 10 – Direct cost from FI

Double click on source folder

From – 400001 - 500000




1 Value fields 1 VV140


Comeback four times

Activate profitability analysis (KEKE) Path: Same as up to flow of actual values → Activate-profitability analysis

Click on position


Activate status

4 – Components active for both type of PA


Sales Order creation

Creation of Sales Order Path: Sap easy access → Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Order → Create

(VA01)

Order type – OR

Sales organization – TASO

Distribution channel – DR

Division – ST

Press enter key

Sold to party – Customer account

PO Number – 0001 (any)

Reg delivery date – 02-04-2009

Delivery plant – TAPL

Payments terms – 0001

Item Material Order Qty

10 TAF8MC 1

Press two times enter key

Select item 10


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Select go to in Menu bar → Item → Condition

Check the values and Tax

Click on shipping tab

Check the shipping point

Note the sales order number 11800

Goods Deliver Path: Same as up to Order → Subsequent function→ Outbound delivery (VL0IN)

Shipping point – TASP

Date – Current date

Order – 11800

Press enter key

Select 10

Click on Picking tab

Assign 1 in the Picked quantity column

Click on Post Goods issue tab

Note the delivery documents number – 80015001

Display of Documents Now Go to Outbound delivery in Menu bar → Display

Outbound delivery – 80015001

Press enter key

Click on Documents flow field (F7)

Select Goods issue

Click on display documents tab

Click on Accounting Documents tab

Double click on Accounting Documents

Billing (VF01) Path: Same

Documents

Delivery documents number – 80015001

Click on Save

Note the billing documents number – 90036105

Billing Documents update in FI (VF02) Go to VF02 for the change billing documents

Billing documents – 90036105

Click on flow field (Release to Ac)


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CO-PA Report Generation Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Information system → Report

components → Define forms → Define forms for profitability report (KE34)

Double click on create forms

Form – TAST (Any) from from copa

Click on create fields

Select Operating concern currency (Tick mark)

Double click on Row 1

Select value fields with characteristics (Tick mark)

Value fields – Revenue

Click on confirm



Value fields – Cost of goods sold

Click on confirm


Select Formula (Tick mark)

Click on Y001 – Revenue

Click on

Click onY002 – Cost of goods sold

Short – Net profit

Click on copy short text (Tick mark)

Double click on column 1

Select characteristics (Tick mark)

Select plant / Actual indicator

Click on ←

From

Assign 0 (Actual data)

Click on confirm

Click on Save

Now go to editing in Menubar → General data selection → General data selection

Select record type, period / year

Click on ←

From To

For record type select from column B F

Period / year click on variable ON/OF Check box in from column

Local variable – 1 (Tick mark)

Click on variable ON/OF Check box in to Column


Click on confirm

Now go to extras in Menubar → Variable → Variable definition

Description

-


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1 – From period

2 - To period / Year (Tick mark)


Comeback wise

Create Profitability Report Path: Same

Double click on create

Report - TAST COPA Report

Select Report with forms – TAST


Select Customers, Distribution, Channel, Division, Plant, Sales organization, Product

Click on ←

Click on Output type tab

Select Classical drilldown

Select Available on selection screen

Click on Save (Tick mark)


From Period/ year - 01-2009

To Period/ Year – 12-2009


COMMITMENT MANAGEMENTS In FI commitment refers to certain Commitment, Liabilities like the outstanding orders, open

purchase orders, bill liability etc. In CO the Commitment refers to the contractual or scheduled

commitments in CO production orders, Internal orders, Maintenance orders, Production orders,

Sales Orders, Network, Cost centres etc. that has not yet been passed on to FI but will result in

actual expenditure in the future.

Maintain Financial Management Area (OF01) Path: Spro → Img → Enterprise structure → Definition → Financial Accounting → Maintain

Financial Management area


FM Area FM Area text FM Area currency

FMGT Financial Management Area for TAST INR


Note: The FM area Currency is need to be same with Currency assigned to the company code


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Assign Company code to FM area (OF18) Path: Spro → Img → Enterprise structure → Assignment → Financial Accounting → Assign

company code to FM area

Click on Position

Company code FM Area

TAST FMGT


Assign Fiscal year Variant to FM area (OF32) Path: Spro → Img → Public sector Management → Funds management government → Basic

setting → Fiscal year variant → Assign fiscal year variants to FM Area

Click on position

FM area Fiscal year variant

FMGT TE


Assign field status variants to company code (FMUV) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Cost centre Accounting → .Commitment and Fund

managements → Field control for fund managements → Assign filed status variant to company

code

Click on Position


Field Status variants – FMRE (earmarked fund status variants)


Commitment item creation (FMCIA) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Public sector managements → Fund managements →

Master data → Account assignment elements → Commitment item → Individual Processing

FM Area – FMGT (tick mark)

Commitment item – 1000 (Any code)

Click on create field

Name – Purchase

Description – Purchases

Financial transaction – 30 (Revenue, Expenses, Asset, Inventory stock)

Commitment item category – 3


Assign Commitment item to GL Go to FS00 Select Purchases Account and click on change field

Click on create/ bank /interest tab

Commitment item – 1000

Press enter key Save


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Commitment Item Posting (FMZ1) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Cost elements Accounting → Actual

Posting → Funds commitment → Create

Documents type – CO (CO fund commitment)




Original amount – 500000

Commitment item – 1000 (Purchase)

GL – Purchase account Business area – TAHY


Note: Before going to posting the Commitment account update with Purchase account in to CO

Field Status group settings (OBC4) Go to OBC4 Field status variants

Click on Position

Field status variants - FSTV

Now select your Field status variants

Double click on field status group

Double click on G004

Double click on Additional Assignment group

Keep Commitment item as Optional entry

Click on Page down key in keyboard

Keep Earmarked funds as Option entry


Purchase Documents Posting Purchase 100000 Goods from Vendor on 01.10.2009

Go to F-43 Post the documents




Postkey – 31 Account - Vendor Account

Amount – 100000

Text - Purchase

Postkey – 40 Account – Purchase Account

Amount- * Text - + Business area – TAHY

Click on More fields botton

Earmarked funds – Select Earmarked fund



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Display Fund Commitment Status (FMZ3) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Cost elements Accounting → Actual

Posting → Funds commitment → Display

Document Number – Give Document number

Press enter key

Click on Consumption tab

PROFIT CENTER ACCOUNTING This profit centre Accounting we are using for view the profit of a particular product wise,

Product group wise, location wise etc. (If business area is not maintain in FI records/ Division

wise etc) At the same time you prepare the profit and loss account and Balance sheet.

Set controlling area (OKKS) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Basic settings → Set controlling

area

Controlling area – TACO

Click on save

Maintain Controlling area settings (0KE5) Path: Same as up to basic settings → Controlling area settings → Maintain controlling area

settings

Standard hierarchy – TAST_PF (any)

Profit centre local currency type – 20 (Controlling area currency)

Profit centre local currency – INR


Comeback

Create Dummy profit Centre (KE59) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Master data → Profit centres →

Create Dummy profit centre

Double click on create Dummy profit centre

Dummy profit centre – Dummy

Click on basic data tab

Name – Dummy

Description – Dummy profit centre

Person reasonable – Ubaid




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Set Control parameters for Actual data (1KEF) Path: Same as up to Profit centre accounting → Basic settings → Controlling area settings →

Activate direct posting → Set control parameters for actual data


From year Line item Online transfer

2009 Tick mark Tick mark


Come back wise

Maintain Plan Version (OKEQ) Path: Same as up to activate direct posting → Plan version → Maintain plan version

Select 0 plan version

Double click on settings for profit centre accounting folder


Year Online Transfer Line items Exchange rate type

2009 Tick mark Tick mark M



Define number range for local Documents (GB02) Path: Same as up to Profit centre accounting → Actual Posting → Basic settings actual →

Define number range for local documents

Click on maintain group tab (F6)

Activate click on Actual documents from direct posting check box

Go to Intervals in Menubar → Select Maintain

Company code – TAST (tick mark)

Click on insert Intervals

Year From number To number

2009 1 10000


Comeback

Activate click planned documents from direct posting check box

Go to intervals in Menubar → Select maintain

Company code – TAST (Tick mark)

Click on insert intervals

Year From number To Number

2009 100001 200000




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Creation of Profit Centre (KE51) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Master data

→ Profit centre → Individual Processing → Create

Profit centre – Steel (Product wise)


Analysis period – 01-04-09 To 31-12-9999

Name – Steel

Long text – Steel



Press enter key

Click on Activate Field (No need for Save)

Creation of Cost Centres For profit centre directly we post revenues values but its not possible to post cost values. If you

want to post cost values for profit centres we create a cost centre in cost centre accounting

through this cost centre we are posting cost.

Go to KS01 Create cost centre Steel under Production departments

Cost centre – Steel

Valid from – 01-04-09 To – 31-12-9999


Name – Steel

Description – Steel


Cost centre Category – 01

Hierarchy area – Prod

Business area – THAY

Currency – INR

Profit Centre – Steel


Revenue Elements Creation Go to FS00 Create the Sales of Steel account under the incomes with field status group G029 and

Update the account in to CO. Cost elements category – 11

Maintain automatic account assignments of Revenue elements (OKB9) There we assign what are the revenue we are posting to profit centre those elements we are

assigning here.

Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Actual posting → Maintain

automatic account assignments of revenue elements.


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Company code Cost elements Account assignments details

TAST Sales of Steels a/c 2 (business area is mandatory)

Select your Company code

Double click on Details per business area


Business area Profit centre

TAHY Steel


Comeback four times

Choose additional balance sheet and Profit and Loss account Path: Same

Choose Accounts (3KEH) Click on new entries

Account from Account to Profit centre

100001 300000 Steel


Click on Profit centre Deter: Details tab

Click on create field (F5)

Description – Profit centre balance sheet business area wise

Source field

GSBER – Business area

Click on maintain rule values tab

Click on yes

Click ON/OF tab

Account Number To Account Numb Business area Profit centre

100001 300000 TAHY Steel


Come back four times

Account Group Creation (KDH1) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Master data

→ Account group → Create

A) Acct Group – PL-Items

Click on Hierarchy field (F6)

PL Items – Profit and Loss items


PL Items – Profit and Loss Items

→ 300001 - 500000




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B) Acct Group – BS_Items

Click on Hierarchy Field (F6)

BS_items – Balance sheet items


BS-items

→ 100001 - 300000


Comeback wise

Define Plan values for PL items (7KE1) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre Accounting → Planning →

Cost/ Revenues → Change

Version – 0





Account Group – PL items

Select form based



3000014 Sale of Steel a/c 80000

400005 Salaries a/c 8000


Note: Like we can assign the plan value of every PL items

Define Plan Value for Balance sheet items (7KE3) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre Accounting → Planning →

Balance sheet accounts → Change

Version – 0





Account Group – BS_ items

Select form based



100009 SBI Loan a/c 100000

200008 SBI Account a/c 100000


Note: Like we can assign the plan value of every BS items


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Actual Values Postings

Revenue Postings Go to F-22 Post customer invoice with 100000 on 31-04-09

Customer Account

To Sales of Steel a/c



Documents header text – Customer invoice posting

Postkey – 01 Account – Customer Account

Press enter key

Amount – 100000 Business area – TAHY

Text – Customer invoice posting

Post key – 50 Account – Sale of Steel account

Press enter key

Amount - *

Text - + Business area – TAHY

Press enter key Simulate and Save

Cost posting Go to F-02 post the following Documents on 31-04-09 and Assign the Steel cost centre

Salaries account 10000

To Cash 10000

Profit Centre PL Report (S_ALR_87013326) Path: Sap easy access → Accounting → Controlling → Profit centre accounting → Information

systems → Reports for Profit centre accounting → Interactive Reporting → Profit centre group:

Plan/Actual/Variance

From Period – 12

To period – 12


Plan version – 0

Profit centre values – Steel

Profit + Loss Values – Click on the arrow Mark in front of the P+L values

Assign Single value column

300014

400005



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Profit Centre wise Balance sheet (S_ALR_87013336) Path: Same as up to Interactive Reporting → Profit centre group: Profit centre group: Balance

sheet account Plan/Actual/Variance

From Period – 12

To period – 12


Plan version – 0

Profit Centre Value – Steel

Click on the (Arrow mark) in front of the Balance sheet value

Assign

10009

20007

Press F8 for copy and press F8 for execute

PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS (CO-PA) What is the functionality of a PA Module?

PA Module is the most important when it comes to analysis the result of the organization.

In this module we basically collect the revenues from the sales order cost from production order,

cost centre, internal orders and analysis there results.

The interesting part about this module is that when it collecting the cost and revenue at the same

times it also collect the characteristics associated with the cost and revenue

Using PA Module we can find out the following things…

5- Profit of a certain product

6- Profit of a certain products in certain region

7- Profit of a certain products in certain region by certain customers

8- Profit of certain products in certain region by certain sales person that mean we can view

the products for the number of parameters at a time

What is mean by operating concerns?

The operating concern is the highest module in profitability analysis. The operating concern is

assigned to controlling area with in the operating concerns all the transaction of profitability

analysis are started.

What are the characteristics and value fields?

Value fields

In the operating concern there are two things are basically defined


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c) Characteristics

d) Value fields

Characteristics

Characteristics are nothing but those accepts on which we want to breakdown the profit

classically surcharge, region, products, product z, sales person etc.

Value fields

Values fields are nothing but the values are associated with this characteristics.

Once we defined the characteristics and values are updated in the table..

Once we have capture the all cost and revenues how do u analyses them?

By analyses the report writes using the report writer functionality in SAP.

Define operating concerns (KEA0) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Structure → Define operating

concern → Maintain operating concerns

Operating concern – TAST (Any code)


Description – Operating concerns for TAST

Select costing-based

Select Account-based

Click on Attributes tab

Operating concern currency – INR

Company code currency – (Tick mark)

Fiscal year variants – V3 (Standards)


Click on Data structure tab

Click on create filed under data structure tab

Select KMVTNR – Sales employee characteristics from transfer from column tab and click on

left tab

Click on value fields tab

Select VV010 – Revenue, VV140 – Cost of goods sold value fields from copy from column

select click on left arrow

Now go to Data structure in Menubar → Select Save

Now again go to Data structure in Menubar select Active

Comeback and click on yes

Ignore the warning messages

Comeback


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Define profitability segments characteristics (KEQ3) Path: Same

Characteristics Description Costbased+Acc

ARTNR Products Select radio botton

KNDNR Customer Select radio botton


Comeback

Assign controlling area to operating concerns (KEKK) Path: Spro → Img → Enterprise structure → Assignments → Controlling → Assign controlling

area to operating concerns

Click on position




Comeback

Determine number ranges for actual postings (KEN1) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Flow of actual values → Initial

steps → Define number ranges for actual postings


Click on maintain group

Click on generated group check box (Tick mark)

Go to interval in Menubar → Maintain

Here system generates some default number you can use this or create new

Click on Save

Comeback three times

Maintain assignment of SD condition to CO-PA Value fields (KE4I) Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Flow of actual values → Transfer

of billings documents → Assign value fields

Double click on Maintain assignments of SD Condition to CO-PA Value fields


Condition type Value fields

PR00 VV010 (500)

VPRS (Cost of goods sold) VV140 (400)


Comeback twise


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Maintain PA Transfer structure for direct postings (KEI2) Path: Same as up to flow of actual values → Direct postings from FI/MM → Maintain PA

transfer structure for direct postings

Select FI (Financial account to CO-PA)

Double click on Assignments line folder

Select 20 – direct revenues from FI

Double click on Source folder

From – 300001 - 400000




1 Value fields 1 VV010 (Revenues)


Double click on Assignments lines

Select 10 – Direct cost from FI

Double click on source folder

From – 400001 - 500000




1 Value fields 1 VV140


Comeback four times

Activate profitability analysis (KEKE) Path: Same as up to flow of actual values → Activate-profitability analysis

Click on position


Activate status

4 – Components active for both type of PA


Sales Order creation

Creation of Sales Order Path: Sap easy access → Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Order → Create

(VA01)

Order type – OR

Sales organization – TASO

Distribution channel – DR

Division – ST


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Press enter key

Sold to party – Customer account

PO Number – 0001 (any)

Reg delivery date – 02-04-2009

Delivery plant – TAPL

Payments terms – 0001

Item Material Order Qty

10 TAF8MC 1

Press two times enter key

Select item 10

Select go to in Menu bar → Item → Condition

Check the values and Tax

Click on shipping tab

Check the shipping point

Note the sales order number 11800

Goods Deliver Path: Same as up to Order → Subsequent function→ Outbound delivery (VL0IN)

Shipping point – TASP

Date – Current date

Order – 11800

Press enter key

Select 10

Click on Picking tab

Assign 1 in the Picked quantity column

Click on Post Goods issue tab

Note the delivery documents number – 80015001

Display of Documents Now Go to Outbound delivery in Menu bar → Display

Outbound delivery – 80015001

Press enter key

Click on Documents flow field (F7)

Select Goods issue

Click on display documents tab

Click on Accounting Documents tab

Double click on Accounting Documents

Billing (VF01) Path: Same

Documents

Delivery documents number – 80015001

Click on Save


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Note the billing documents number – 90036105

Billing Documents update in FI (VF02) Go to VF02 for the change billing documents

Billing documents – 90036105

Click on flow field (Release to Ac)

CO-PA Report Generation Path: Spro → Img → Controlling → Profitability analysis → Information system → Report

components → Define forms → Define forms for profitability report (KE34)

Double click on create forms

Form – TAST (Any) from from copa

Click on create fields

Select Operating concern currency (Tick mark)



Value fields – Revenue

Click on confirm



Value fields – Cost of goods sold

Click on confirm


Select Formula (Tick mark)

Click on Y001 – Revenue

Click on

Click onY002 – Cost of goods sold

Short – Net profit

Click on copy short text (Tick mark)

Double click on column 1

Select characteristics (Tick mark)

Select plant / Actual indicator

Click on ←

From

Assign 0 (Actual data)

Click on confirm

Click on Save

Now go to editing in Menubar → General data selection → General data selection

Select record type, period / year

Click on ←

From To

For record type select from column B F

-


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Period / year click on variable ON/OF Check box in from column


Click on variable ON/OF Check box in to Column


Click on confirm

Now go to extras in Menubar → Variable → Variable definition

Description

1 – From period

2 - To period / Year (Tick mark)


Comeback wise

Create Profitability Report Path: Same

Double click on create

Report - TAST COPA Report

Select Report with forms – TAST


Select Customers, Distribution, Channel, Division, Plant, Sales organization, Product

Click on ←

Click on Output type tab

Select Classical drilldown

Select Available on selection screen

Click on Save (Tick mark)


From Period/ year - 01-2009

To Period/ Year – 12-2009


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