management process
TRANSCRIPT
MANAGEMENT PROCESS Think beyond imagination….
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT? Management is an art of getting things done through
others. It is social & technical process that utilizes resources,
determines human actions & incorporates changes in order to accomplish goals.
Rightly Management has come into its own,like other leading professions such as medical, engineering & law has achieved this distinction within a comparatively short time.
VARIOUS DEFINITIONS:
“Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages business, manages managers & manages workers & work”-Peter Drucker
“To manage is to forecast & to plan, to organize, to command, to co-ordinate & to control”
- Henri Fayol “Management is the art of getting things done through &
with people in formally organized groups” --Mary Parker Follett & Harrold Koontz
“Management is the process of accomplishment of results through the efforts of other people”
-Lawrence Appley
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT: 1.Management is a Process:
Role of a Manager as follows-
Plan the activities
Organize the resources
Direct the subordinates
Control the activities
2.Management is an art as well as a Science:
By using proper knowledge & available resources a manager can make an activity work better. Hence it is a science.
3.Management follows professional approach:
A professional manager is who:
Delegates Authority
Encourages initiative attitude
Invites suggestions
of subordinate
s
Provides training
to employee
s
4.Management is Intangible:
Management can be seen in form of results. Results
such as high productivity & efficiency, disciplines
Workforce, cordial relations in organization gives the
presence of Management.
5.Management is Group activity:
The combines & collective efforts of the team brings
Success to the organization. A single manager
however efficient & capable can’t attain
organizational goals without support of other
Managers or his subordinates.
6.Management is result oriented:
Management stresses on result orientation not on
activities. Results may lead to ultimate goals like:
Reduction in
wastages
Optimum utilization
of resources
Motivated workforce
Higher efficiency
7.Management follows established principles:
Division of Work
Division of Work
Authority-Responsibilit
y Balance
Authority-Responsibilit
y Balance
DisciplineDisciplineUnity of
commandUnity of
command
8.Management is Dynamic in Nature:
To manage means to be creative & innovative. How
successful an organization would be largely depends
upon innovation. Managers need to have: New & creative ideas. New & better products. Cost effective process.
NEED & IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT:
1.To facilitate optimum utilization of resources.
Resources such as men, money, materials, machines..
2.To generate efficiency.
Lesser the cost-Higher the returns, this leads to
efficient organization
3.To motivate personnel.
The success of management is reflected from the
performance of their workforce.
4.To encourage Initiative.
Through individual upliftment, group benefits which
leads to organizational growth & development.
5.To develop team spirit.
Through team efforts an organization can achieve
growth.
6.To facilitate innovation.
Modern management demands managers to bring in
innovation in their regular work tasks & decision
making to solve business complications.
7.To improve technology.
Innovative ideas lead to break-through in technology
which if incorporated in an efficient manner by the
management leads to growth & stability to the
organization.
8.To maintain good relations.
Proper communication, directions & leadership on the
part of managers, lead to good relationship between
subordinates & managers. This leads to organizational
growth.
9.To facilitate growth & expansion.
Good managers actively invade & commit toward
organizational goals.
10.To assist society.
Managers at large have to incorporate CSR(Corporate
Social Responsibility) techniques that lead
organization towards making a goodwill & brand
image.
11.To create corporate image.
Effective management maintains & develops a brand
image of the company.
HENRY FAYOL’S PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
1. Division of work
2. Authority & Responsibility
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
6. Subordination of Individual interest to General interest
7. Remuneration of Personnel
8. Centralization
9. Scalar Chain
10. Order
11. Equity
12. Stability
13. Initiative
14. Espirit De Corps (Team Spirit)
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
PLANNING
Planning is the management function that involves:
-setting goals
-formulating missions
-making plans
-achieving goals
PLANNING PROCESS
The Mission of an organization is organizations purpose or fundamental reason for existence.
A goal is a future target or end result than an organization wishes to achieve.
A plan is the means devised for attempting to reach a goal.
Setting goals and developing plans will lead to goal attainment ultimately organizational efficiency and effectiveness.
ORGANIZING
An organization is a group of people working together to achieve a common goal.
Definition:
To organize a business is to provide it with everything useful for its functioning such as raw materials, tools, capital and personnel.
–Henry Fayol
TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONS
Line organization. Functional organization. Line and staff organization. Matrix organization.
LEADING
Leading is the management function that involves influencing others to engage in the work behaviours necessary to reach organizational goals.
It includes communicating with others, providing direction and motivating people.
LEADER’S SKILLS
Technical skills. Interpersonal skills. Conceptual skills.
CONTROLLING
Controlling is the management function aimed at regulating organizational activities so that actual performance meets the expected objectives and standards of company.
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT:
P Planning O Organizing S Staffing D Directing C Controlling Co Co-ordinating D Decision making M Motivating R Reporting B Budgeting
LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
TOP LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT
It consists of board of directors, chief executive or managing director. The top management is the ultimate source of authority and it manages goals and policies for an enterprise. It devotes more time on planning and coordinating functions.
MIDDLE LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT
The branch managers and departmental managers constitute middle level. They are responsible to the top management for the functioning of their department. They devote more time to organizational and directional functions.
LOWER LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT
Lower level is also known as supervisory / operative level of management. It consists of supervisors, foreman, section officers, superintendent etc. They are concerned with direction and controlling function of management.
RELATIVE AMOUNT OF TIME THAT MANAGERS SPEND ON THE FOUR MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS