mammals. unit map set up unit name: mammals unit essential question: what are the different types of...
TRANSCRIPT
Unit Map Set up
• Unit Name: Mammals• Unit Essential Question: What are
the different types of mammals?
Unit Map Set up
• Concepts: (Fill in after we take our test)
• Daily Essential Questions: (Fill in as we go through the unit)
• Vocabulary: (Fill in before we take our test
Dogs
–Selective breeding• animals with the best traits kept for breeding
•Ex: size, color, swimming ability, etc.
Dogs
• Feeding depends on age–8-12 weeks old 4 meals a day–3-6 months 3 meals a day–6 mo.-1 yr 2 meals a day–1 yr 1 meal a day
Dogs
• Handling–To carry a small dog, place one hand under dog’s chest, with either your forearm or other hand supporting the hind legs and rump.
Dogs
• Housing–Winter- warm, dry, covered shelter•EX: dog crate or dog bed
–Summer- cool water and shade
Activity
• You have 20 minutes!• Read through the information
on the groups of dogs. • Complete the graphic organizer
with the information.
Dog Types
• Sporting- active and alert. Likeable, well rounded companions. Participate in hunting and other field activities. Need regular exercise
• Ex: Golden Retriever
Dog Types
• Hound- used for hunting. Acute scenting powers to follow a trail. Some have unique baying sound.
• Ex: Beagle, Basset Hound
Dog Types
• Working- bred to perform jobs such as guarding, pulling sleds, water rescue. Intelligent, quick to learn, strong. MUST be properly trained.
Dog Types
• Terrier- feisty, energetic dogs, little tolerance for other animals. Ancestors bred to kill vermin.
• Stripping- special grooming
Dog Types
• MISC- Breeds waiting to be accepted by the AKC Board of Directors.
• Ex: Russell Terrier
Pet Care
• Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Dogs.
Cats
• History–Domesticated after settled
agriculture in Egypt–Purpose- controlling vermin–Priests used them as deification–Middle ages- associated with
satan, witches and warlocks
Basic care of cats
• Feeding–6-12 weeks- 4 meals a day–3-6 months- 3 meals a day–Adult cat- 1 large meal or 2 or 3 meals a day
Basic care of cats
• Housing–Clean, dry place to sleep and rest
–Try to keep indoors, outdoor cats contract diseases, get ticks, parasites, etc.
Basic care of cats
• Handling–One hand behind front legs and another under hind quarters. Lift gently.
Basic care of cats
• Litter Box–All indoor cats need one–1 box per floor–Scoop solid wastes once a day–Once a week- dump everything,
wash with a mild detergent, and refill
Activity
• Students will use the charts to come up with information on their assigned cat. They are to include: History and Origin, head characteristics, body, tail, how many colors (not what colors), coat, care, temperament, and the environment.
Breeds of Cats
• 41 breeds, only top 10 covered in class
• American shorthair- “alley cat”, robust health, large eyes, and short, broad face. “family cat” affectionate
Breeds of cats
• Birman- very sweet and even-tempered. Seek out human companionship. Follow you, greet you. Striking blue eyes.
Breeds of cats
• Siamese- quick witted, excellent jumper and climber. Unusual voice sounds like he’s talking to you. Least friendliest.
Breeds of cats
• Maine Coon- long, thick coat. Temperament of shorthair. Active and excellent rat catchers. Mistaken as racoon.
Breeds of cats
• Persian- variety of colors. Thick , luxurious coat, large eyes, short but sturdy-legged body. Quiet and relaxed. Wary around children. Most affectionate.
• Based on the information given today, place the breeds of cats in order from 1-10 (1 being most popular, 10 being least popular)
Pet Care
• Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Cats.
Hamster History
• Golden Hamster- most often found in pet stores.
• Native to Syria dessert• Discovered in 1930 in
Jerusalem
Hamster Characteristics
• Nocturnal• Cheek pouches to carry
food (hoarders)• Protective of their territory
(may bite)
Hamster Temperature
• Prefer temperature of 70* • Above 80*- estivation
(deep sleep)• Below 50*- hibernation
Hamster cages
• Cages 10 X 16 X 10• Gnaw-proof • Water bottle hung on the outside
of the cage• Clean, fresh bedding (paper
confetti, paper strips, wood chips, wood shavings, etc.)
Hamster feeding
• Commercially prepared pellets• Occasionally carrots, potato
pieces, fresh clover or alfalfa to supplement diet
• Seeds such as–Corn, millet, wheat, oats,
sorghum, and rape seeds
Hamster diseases and ailments
• Wet Tail- wetness around the tail and rear area, caused by runny diarrhea. Go off their feed, have rough hair coats, become weak. Usually die within 1-2 days. When this occurs, disinfect everything and replace bedding.
Hamster diseases and ailments
• Tyzzer’s Disease- caused by clostridium piliformis. Loss of appetite, dehydration, watery diarrhea, and sudden death.
Hamster diseases and ailments
• Common diarrhea- overabundance of leafy greens, vegetables or fruit
• Fleas and lice- clean cage regularly and flea powder sprinkled in fresh bedding.
Hamster Reproduction
• Separate litter at 5-6 weeks• Sexually mature at 6 weeks• Females in heat every 4 weeks• Produce litter in 16 days• 2-16 young, 6-8 is average
Guinea Pigs History
• Bred for meat in South America for the last 3,000 years
• Still used for food in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Guinea Pigs History
• Since 1800 used for research on pathology, nutrition, genetics, toxicology, and develop of serums
Guinea Pigs History
• Means “little pig” although it is not from Guinea or a pig. Makes similar grunts.
• Makes ideal pets
Guinea Pig Varieties
• The American- most common. Short, glossy hair and fine in texture. Variety of colors and combinations.
Guinea Pig Varieties
• Peruvian- very long hair (up to 20 in.)
• Satin- satin like fur• Silkie- long hair• Teddy- short, kinky hair• White Crested- short hair, but
crest is rosette
Characteristics of Guinea Pigs
• Adults reach 8-10 inches• Weigh 1-2 pounds• Short, stocky build with short
legs• 4 toes on forefeet and 3 on
hind feet
Characteristics of Guinea Pigs
• Eyes on side of head• Sensitive hearing• Sense of smell highly developed• Live in colonies or clans in wild
–1 dominant male and 5-10 females
Guinea Pig Housing
• Cages- plastic bottom 3-4 in. deep with vertical wire bars
• 12 X 24 in. • Food bowls made of heavy glass • Water bottle
Guinea Pig Feeding
• Romaine lettuce, green leaf lettuce, kale, carrots, apples, pears, turnips, beets, and cucumbers
• Clover and grass hay• Wheat, corn and oats
Care
• Brushed daily • Mild shampoo • Dried and kept warm after bath• Toenails clipped- stay away
from pink or quick of nail
Handling
• Grasped firmly around front shoulders with one hand and the rear supported by the other hand. Cradle in palm and hold close to body.
Diseases and Ailments
• Respiratory diseases- usually lethargic and listless, discharges from the nose and sneeze. Treatment immediately or death may occur.
Reproduction
• Heat cycle- 16 days• Gestation- 56-74 days• Up to 5 litters a year, 2-4 per litter• Young fully developed- eat solid
food within 24 hours, nurse for 3 weeks
Pet Care
• Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Hamsters and Guinea Pigs
Review
• Exit question: Have you ever owned a hamster or guinea pig? If so, what was the biggest problem? If not, would you ever own one? Why/Why not?
History
• Order Lagomorpha• Fossil remains found 30-37
million years ago• Hunted for food, and used to
make clothing
History
• French monks domesticated rabbit
• Introduced to the US at the beginning of the 20th century
Uses
• Research–Study reproduction–Draize Eye Test (cosmetics and other products)
–Skin irritation tests
Uses
• Fur/Wool–Angora- softer, finer, warmer, lighter. No irritation or scratchiness
–Satin- sheen, luster and slick appearance
Uses
• Pets– clean, gently, lovable pets–Easily trained to use litter box
–Small and dwarf sizes most popular
Breeds
• Each student will be given a name of a breed. Using the book/handout you will give a brief description of your rabbit breed. It is your responsibility to take note of the other breeds discussed in class.
Housing and Equipment
• Hutches- houses used to keep rabbits
• Wire cages for 6-11 pounds• 12 pounds + solid floor• Proper lighting• Absence of drafts
Housing and Equipment
• Temperature- can stand cold temp but not too hot (80+ is uncomfortable)–Place bottle of ice for rabbit to
lie against to prevent heat stroke• Humidity- 60%-need ventilation
Feeding
• Supplemented foods kept to a minimum–May cause diarrhea–Fruits, vegetables, and green foods
Feeding
• Coprophagy- eating fecal material–Recover nutrients that were unabsorbed during the first pass
Feeding
• May give–Corn, oats, oatmeal, wheat germ, carrots, apple slices, green beans, banana, pineapple, or papaya
Diseases and Ailments
• Enteritis- inflammation of the intestinal tract and most common cause of death in rabbits
• Snuffles- persistent sneezing with white discharge caused by bacteria and stress conditions
Diseases and Ailments
• Mastitis- inflammation of the mammary tissue. Becomes swollen, hot and dark red or blue.
Diseases and Ailments
• Weepy eye- inflammation of the conjunctiva (mucous membrane lining the inner surface of the eyelids and covering the front part of the eye)
Diseases and Ailments
• Others- Vent Disease, Rabbit syphillis, ear mites, infectious myxomatosis, papillomatosis, ringwork, fur mites, mange mites, pinworm, wet dewlaps, fur chewing, hutch burn, sore hocks, malocclusion
Reproduction
• Sexually mature at 4-8 months• Females sexually active
depending on the length of day and temperature
• Birth will occur 30-32 days after mating
Babies
• Kindling- birth process in rabbits• Nest box 2 days before expected• Check young every 24 hours• Eyes open at 12-14 days• 3 weeks leave nest box
Pet Care
• Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Rabbits.
Review
• Word Wall/ Concept Map
• Exit Question: Why aren’t rabbits bred for meat in the US??
• Next Class: Gerbils, Mice, Chinchillas
Activity
• Using the Gerbil and Mouse Care Sheets fill in the Pet Care organizer with:–Food–Housing–Care–Handling
Gerbils
• 14 different species• Most common- Mongolian gerbil• Very quiet animals• Life expectancy- 2-4 years• Gestation period- 24-26 days• Litters of 1-10, 3-4 average.
Gerbils
• Seldom affected by disease–Respiratory infections–Nasal dermatitis-hair loss and red swollen areas of the skin.
Mice
• 36 species• Most common- house mouse• Smell is most highly developed
sense• Primarily nocturnal, pets may
come out during the day
Mice
• Prefer company of other mice (colony)
• Free of disease if given proper diet, housing, and exercise.
• Sexually mature at 4 weeks• 21 days gestation• Litters 5-10
Chinchillas
• 1,000 years ago, Incas used for fur
• First chinchilla skins sold on June 21, 1954 at the New York Auction Company.
Chinchillas
• Breeds based on color–The Black–The Sullivan Violet (clear white
belly and lavender center back strip of a fur pelt.)
Chinchillas
• Reading thru the packet we will fill out the pet care sheet with the following information:–Housing–Feeding–Handling–Care