Making and Separating Mixtures

Making and Separating MixturesMixtures and SolutionsInvestigation 1

Part 1Making and Separating MixturesWhat is a mixture?What is a solution?What is the difference b/t a mixture and solution?Our first investigation is figuring out what a mixture is and what a solution isQuincy and her ParrotWhat are steps you can use to solve a problem, a scientific or math problem?We just say in this classQuincy Heard My Parrot Talk and CackleWhat do you think that sentence might actually mean?

QuestionHow do you separate a mixture?HypothesisList different ways you can separate a mixture.Use bullets to separate your ideasAdd others ideas to your list

Diatomaceous EarthThis powder stuff is the skeletal remains of aquatic organisms called diatoms.These are pictures of diatoms. They are small critters with glass houses.

MaterialsGravelDiatomaceous earth (powder)Salt (sodium chloride)Hand lensesCups Sticky notesSyringeCraft sticksWaterPaper towels

PropertiesWhat are does the word property mean when you are observing a substance?A property is List several properties of each of the three substances. Use bulletsUse your hand lensesProceduresLabel the cups, G, P, and S.Put one level spoon of gravel in the G cupPut one level spoon of powder in the P cupPut one level spoon of salt in the S cupObserve the materials and record your observations in the chart.Add 50 ml of water to each cup.Stir the contents of each cup with the stick.Observe what happens and record.Procedures Part DeuxLabel a second set of cups, G, P and SYour goals is to is to separate the mixtures so that the water is in one cup and the material is in another.Use the screen and the filter paper to see if you can separate the mixtures. Write no or yes in the box if it works.The Screen, The Filter PaperThe screen is pretty simple to figure out.To make the filter work without making a huge mess, fold the paper into fourths, then open it to make a cone filter.

Clean Up TimePut the saltwater solution on a window sill, write your names on the cupPlease rinse out and dry all the materials.Put all the materials back in your tubClean and dry your tablePut your journals away.Answer the questions on the back of your lab sheet for the next class period.MixturesMixture when you put two or more materials together.What are everyday mixtures you use? Brainstorm with your table and write your ideas in your journal.Thinking of these three mixtures, how do you think you can separate them? List each mixture and how you plan to separate the parts in your journal.Journal QuestionsWhich mixture was separated by the paper filter?How are a screen and a paper filter similar? How are they different?Part 2 Separating a Salt SolutionQuestion: How can you separate salt and water when in a solution?Hypothesis: Write your hypothesis in your journal.

Weighing a Salt SolutionWill a solution made with 50 ml of water and a spoon of salt have the same mass as 50 ml of plain water?More mass?Less mass?How can we find out?Materials1 Craft stick2 plastic cups2 evaporating dishes1 container liter1 syringeWaterElectronic Scale or TBB

Salt SentencesThe weight of the salt w/o water is ______ grams.The weight of the water w/o salt is ______ gramsThe weight of the water and salt is ______ grams

Now Undo It! How can you determine the number of grams of salt you put in the water to make the solution. You separated the gravel from the water and the powder from the water with filters. How can you separate the salt from the water? How can you get the salt back so you can reuse it?So what about the salt?How could you separate the salt from the water?Lets try it! If the solid material in a mixture seems to disappear in a liquid, and the mixture cant be separated from the water with a filter, it is a special kind of mixture, called a solution. Salt disappears or dissolves in water to make a saltwater solution.Salt CrystalsSalt is otherwise known as sodium chloride.Crystal the solid form of a materials that can be identified by its properties, such as shape, color, and pattern. Notice that all the salt crystals are _______.VocabularyMixture two or more materials stirred togetherProperty is a characteristic of an object, something you can observe such as size, color, shape, or textureSolution is a special mixture formed when a material dissolves in waterDissolve a process in which one materials disperses uniformly into another material, so that the first material seems to disappearRead a Story?Discussion QuestionsWhat is a mixture?How can a mixture be separated?Can you separate a solution with a small screen? With filter paper?How might you separate the ingredients in a solution?Today you are going to put salt solutions together and take them apart.How to use the Scales

ProceduresMeasure 50 ml of water and put in the cup.Add one spoon of salt.Stir carefully with the craft stickMeasure the mass of the solution and record it in your journal.The mass of the water is ______ grams.The mass of the salt and water is ______ grams.The difference b/t the two is ______ gramsSo the salt should weigh ______ grams when not in waterProcedures ContinuedSet up two evaporating dishes of salt solution.Put a stickum under the dish with your names to label each dish.Pour a small amount of solution into the dish just enough to cover the bottom.Put your dish on a papertowel and then in a window sillClean up!! Rinse and dry.Part Three Observing CrystalsWhat happened when the saltwater solution evaporated?What is the material in the dish?What happened to the water that was in the mixture?Does the salt look the same as it did originally?Draw a sketch of what the crystals look like in your journal draw a circle and then the crystals.Use your hand lens, and then check them out under the dissecting microscope.Lets ReviewHow would you separateGravel and water?Powder and water?Salt and water?More WordsEvaporation when a liquid turns to a gas by adding energy. The liquid disperses in the air leaving any dissolved material behind.Crystal the solid form of a material that can be identified by its properties, such as shape, color and pattern.Part Four Separating a Dry MixtureQuestion: How can you separate a dry mixture?We are going to mix the salt, gravel, and powder in a cup how can you separate them?Hypothesis: Write yours down in your journal.Materials1 spoon salt1 spoon gravel1 spoon diatomaceous earthScreenFunnelFilter paperCupsCraft sticksEvaporating dishesHand lensesSpoonsSyringesWaterPaper towelstapeYour ProceduresWork with your table to come up with a set of procedures to separate everything outWrite your procedures for separating the mixtures so that the salt is in one cup, the gravel is in a second cup, and the DE is in another cup Write your procedures using numbers, 1 and 2 and so forth32Try It!You have this class period to try out your procedures.Stack up the evaporating dishes like before, labeling the dishes by writing on paper under the tray.Ill give you an 8-minute warning for clean upHow Did you Do?Did you do it?Write down a summary of how you managed to separate the mixtures. This is called the conclusion.What would you do differently next time to make the experiment work better?Is there anything you would change?