main south road/sturt road...
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MAIN SOUTH ROAD/STURT ROAD INTERSECTIONConstruction Management Plan
6/10/2014University of South Australia
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CIV Consulting Mawson Lakes Boulevard Mawson Lakes SA 5095 10 June 2014
Attention: Mark Hennessy
University of South Australia School of Natural and Built Environments Mawson Lakes SA 5095
Re: Detailed Design
CIV consulting is pleased to present to you the Construction Management Plan for the Detailed Design for the Main South Road & Sturt Road Intersection Upgrade.
CIV Consulting believes it has the expertise and knowledge to complete the Detailed Design. The Feasibility Study was completed by us and we believe we can carry our knowledge over from this to design the most economical, environmentally and aesthetically friendly underpass.
Please feel free to contact us for any further discussion and concerns.
Yours sincerely,
Matthew PilcherProject Manager CIV Consulting
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Proprietary Information StatementThe information contained in this document produced by CIV Consulting is solely for the use of the Client
identified on the cover sheet for the purpose for which it has been prepared and CIV Consulting undertakes
no duty to or accepts any responsibility to any third party who may rely upon this document.
All rights reserved. No section or element of this document may be removed from this document,
reproduced, electronically stored or transmitted in any form without the written permission of CIV
Consulting.
Project Manager Quality Assurance Manager
Revision HistoryRevision Date Prepared Reviewed Approved0 2/6/14 Construction
ManagementM. Cluse
1 3/6/14 Construction Management
M. Pilcher 2 5/6/14 Construction
ManagementM. Cluse
3 8/6/14 Construction Management
M. Cluse M. Pilcher
Table of Contents
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1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1
2 Overview....................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Phase 1 – Site Setup and Demolition................................................................................................2
3.1 Allotments on the western side of the road.................................................................2
3.2 Allotments on the eastern side of the road..................................................................3
3.3 South-western side of intersection...............................................................................4
3.4 Demolition Time.........................................................................................................5
3.5 Perimeter......................................................................................................................5
3.6 Area.............................................................................................................................5
3.7 Site Setup.....................................................................................................................5
3.8 Services........................................................................................................................5
4 Phase 2 – Service Relocation................................................................................................................6
4.1 SA Power.....................................................................................................................6
4.2 Telecommunication Cables.........................................................................................8
4.3 AMCOM......................................................................................................................9
4.4 SA Water.....................................................................................................................9
4.5 Wastewater................................................................................................................10
4.6 Gas.............................................................................................................................11
4.7 Stormwater................................................................................................................11
4.8 Phase 2 Services........................................................................................................11
5 Phase 3 – Northern Underpass and Bridge.................................................................................13
5.1 Temporary traffic lanes.............................................................................................13
5.2 Piling..........................................................................................................................13
5.3 Excavation.................................................................................................................14
5.4 Benching....................................................................................................................16
5.5 Services......................................................................................................................19
5.6 Bridge Construction...................................................................................................19
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5.6.1 Bridge pier piles, pile caps and side headstocks................................................20
5.6.2 Piers and Middle Headstock...............................................................................21
5.6.3 Super T Storage..................................................................................................21
5.6.4 Super T Erection................................................................................................22
5.6.5 Decking..............................................................................................................23
5.6.6 Parapet Installation.............................................................................................24
5.7 Pavement + Amenities...............................................................................................25
5.7.1 Pavement............................................................................................................27
5.7.2 Curbing...............................................................................................................28
5.7.3 Line Marking......................................................................................................28
5.7.4 Traffic Signals....................................................................................................28
5.7.5 Lighting..............................................................................................................29
5.7.6 Signage...............................................................................................................29
6 Phase 4 – Southern Underpass and North Bound Interchange Ramps..........................30
6.1 Relocate traffic..........................................................................................................30
6.2 Piling..........................................................................................................................30
6.3 Excavation.................................................................................................................31
6.4 Services......................................................................................................................31
6.5 Pavement + Amenities...............................................................................................31
6.5.1 Pavement............................................................................................................32
6.5.2 Curbing...............................................................................................................33
6.5.3 Line Marking......................................................................................................33
6.5.4 Lighting..............................................................................................................33
6.5.5 Signage...............................................................................................................33
6.6 Northbound Interchange Ramps................................................................................33
6.6.1 Pavement............................................................................................................34
6.6.2 Curbing...............................................................................................................35
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6.6.3 Line Marking......................................................................................................35
6.6.4 Traffic Signals....................................................................................................35
6.6.5 Lighting..............................................................................................................35
6.6.6 Signage...............................................................................................................36
7 Phase 5 – South Bound Interchange Ramps...............................................................................37
7.1 Relocate traffic..........................................................................................................39
7.2 Remove existing surface............................................................................................39
7.3 Pavement...................................................................................................................39
7.4 Curbing......................................................................................................................40
7.5 Line Marking.............................................................................................................40
7.6 Traffic Signals...........................................................................................................40
7.7 Lighting.....................................................................................................................41
7.8 Signage......................................................................................................................41
8 Phase 6 – Closing.................................................................................................................................... 42
8.1 Open road..................................................................................................................42
8.2 Disassemble Site........................................................................................................42
9 References................................................................................................................................................. 43
10 Appendices................................................................................................................................................ 44
10.1 Appendix A – Construction Gantt Chart...................................................................44
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List of Figures
Figure 1. Land acquisition on western side of Main South Road......................................2
Figure 2. Land acquisition on eastern side of Main South Road.......................................3
Figure 3. Land to the southwest of the intersection...........................................................4
Figure 4: Truck Route to Dump.......................................................................................15
Figure 5: Galena Slope Stability – Benching...................................................................18
Figure 6, Bearing plate fitted to the beam prior to transportation....................................22
Figure 7, Dolly trailer transport super T within the construction site..............................23
Figure 8, Concrete parapets fixing...................................................................................24
Figure 9 – Construction Phase 3 – Pavement + Amenities Gantt Chart..........................26
Figure 10 - Construction Phase 4 – Pavement + Amenities Gantt Chart.........................32
Figure 11 - Construction Phase 4 – North Bound Interchange Ramps Gantt Chart........34
Figure 12 - Construction Phase 4 Gantt Chart.................................................................38
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List of Tables
Table 1. Details of land acquisition on western side of Main South Road........................3
Table 2. Details of land acquisition on eastern side of Main South Road.........................4
Table 3 - Areas output of 10-14 t BOMAG Articulated Tandem Rollers.......................28
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1 Introduction
Any construction project has numerous aspects and tasks, many of which are interdependent
on others. To ensure that the project is completed with maximum efficiency and minimal
cost, planning ahead is imperative. This is especially the case in large public works, where
delays can have an enormous cost to the public, both in time and taxpayer funds. A
construction management plan is an essential document to provide timelines, milestones and
other important considerations. The construction management plan also allows third parties,
such as governing bodies which may need to grant approval, to assess the impacts the
development has on stakeholders. As the longstanding saying goes “Failure to plan, is
planning to fail (Churchill 1942).”
2 Overview
This construction management plan details the upgrade of the intersection of Main South
Road and Sturt Road in Bedford Park, SA. The project is separated into six discreet phases,
with work beginning on the 1st of September 2014. The main construction phases begin with
the bridge and northern section of the underpass, followed by the southern section of the
underpass, and finally the southbound interchange ramps. It is expected these works will take
approximately 8 months and the opening date of the underpass will be 11th April 2015. By
starting works in early spring, it will allow the largest window of opportunity for the works to
be completed without inclement weather. The key part of this management plan is the Gantt
chart, which details each individual task to be completed and its expected timeframe. The
Gantt chart is shown in Appendix A.
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3 Phase 1 – Site Setup and Demolition
3.1 Allotments on the western side of the road
Thirteen allotments will be used under the plan for the offset vertical alignment (Figure 1).
These include lots 1 through to 9 of Gum Terrace, 34 Oak Avenue and 1 Mimosa Terrace.
This will gain an extra thirty seven metres perpendicular to Main South Road. The blocks
include six house and land, five units and one business. Two blocks are currently owned by
the state government and will not need purchasing. The blocks could reasonably be expected
to be compulsorily acquired for around $3.5 million (Table 1).
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Figure 1. Land acquisition on western side of Main South
Road
Table 1. Details of land acquisition on western side of Main South Road
Block Street Size m2 Est. Cost ($) Last Sold Last Sold price Notes1 Gum Ave 900 750000 3x units @ 250k2 Gum Ave 758 364-4100003 Gum Ave 799 364-410001 2005 2354 Gum Ave 587 364-410002 2004 2405 Gum Ave 620 364-410003 2005 210 Government Owned6 Gum Ave 622 364-410004 96 48 Government Owned7 Gum Ave 717 360-4070008 Gum Ave 306 100000 Car park/vacant9 Gum Ave 701 372-420000
34 Oak Ave 424 500000 2x units @ 250/ hammerhead1 Mimosa Tce 1575 Business
Total Area (m2) 8009Total Cost $3,500,000
3.2 Allotments on the eastern side of the road
A further thirteen allotments will be required for acquisition on the eastern side of Main
South Road (Figure 2). This is the entire block between Maidstone Drive and Sutton Road.
This land includes eight residences, two businesses (Repco Auto Parts and Bedford Park
Crash Repair) and three vacant blocks. The vacant blocks are currently owned by the state
government. The land on this side of the road could be acquired for around $4.4 million
(Table 2).
Figure 2. Land acquisition on eastern side of Main South Road
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Table 2. Details of land acquisition on eastern side of Main South Road
Block Street Size (m2) Estimated Cost ($) Use Notes1351 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential1353 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential1355 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential1357 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential1359 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential1361 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential1363 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential1365 Main South Road 608 395000 Residential
1367-71 Main South Road 1824 1250000 Repco & Bedford Park Crash1373 Main South Road 608 0 Vacant State Government owned1375 Main South Road 608 0 Vacant State Government owned1377 Main South Road 608 0 Vacant State Government owned
Total Cost ($) 3160000Total area (m2) 8512perimeter (m) 530
land Buildings Relocation costs total costRepco 300000 150000 100000 550000Bedford Crash 300000 250000 150000 700000
Total (Commercial) $1,250,000Total (Residential) $3,160,000Grand Total $4,410,000
3.3 South-western side of intersection
The state government currently own the land on the south-western side of the intersection so
it will not need to be bought (Figure 3). This land has an old restaurant and car park, which
will be utilized as site office and parking, as well as a yard for machinery etc.
Figure 3. Land to the southwest of the intersection
This will require 700m of temporary fencing. This area is approx. 23000m2
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3.4 Demolition Time
The average demolition time for a residential house is 3-5 days. However, with several
houses next to each other it could reasonably be expected that all could be demolished in 3-4
weeks. It generally takes one day to remove the asbestos from houses being demolished. The
houses are generally constructed from brick or stone, which should limit the amount of
asbestos present. Also, due to the nature of the project, salvageable materials may simply be
scrapped due to time constraints. CIV may opt to use the more time consuming option of
recycling all possible materials because CIV is an environmentally friendly corporation.
3.5 Perimeter
The perimeter of the acquired land that will need to be fenced off during demolition and
construction of the intersection is 1769m.
3.6 Area
The total area of the acquired land is 16521m2 plus the 23000m2 on the south western side of
the intersection.
3.7 Site Setup
The vacant restaurant on the south-western side of the intersection will serve as the site
office; there is also ample car parking space. Services such as telecommunication, electricity
and water will need to be reconnected and office equipment moved in. The site will also
provide storage for contractor’s machinery. Machinery will also be parked in the acquired
residential lots once demolition has been completed and on Flinders oval, if necessary. While
the restaurant should have good facilities, due to the amount of construction workers
employed, extra amenities will need to be rented for the duration of the construction phases.
3.8 Services
The full work for service will be explained in section 4. In construction phase 1 the following
will occur.
LV Cable - Gum terrace and Mimosa terrace cables terminated and then removed HV 11KV Cable – Terminate cable crossing Main South road to Mimosa terrace Minor Cable – Gum terrace cables terminated and then removed SA Water Supply - Gum terrace, Maple avenue and Mimosa avenue cables terminated SA Wastewater - Gum terrace, Maple avenue cables terminated APA GAS – Gum terrace cables terminated
Note: Colours refer to Construction Management drawings CM 2 of 50 to CM 18 of 50
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4 Phase 2 – Service Relocation
For phase 2 of the construction procedure a range of services must be relocated prior to the
construction of the underpass. This must be achieved before construction in phase 3, as a
large majority of cables and pipes will be affected either by the piling or excavation of the
northern side of the underpass.
In phase 2, new high voltage SA power cables and optic fibre cables will be installed on the
eastern side of Main South road as final service locations for the project. Also temporary
cables and pipes will have to be installed in order to terminate affected services in
construction phase 3. These include an optic fibre cable, a critical telecommunication cable
and temporary water supply and waste water pipes. These services are only temporary
relocations so excavation can be achieved and the bridge can be constructed. Once the bridge
is complete these services will be attached to the underside of the bridge, in order for the
services to cross the underpass.
A new APA Gas pipe will be installed on Sturt road and Main South road which will be
strategically placed to avoid future excavation for both northern and southern sides. The high
speed internet cable AMCOM will be relocated to avoid Mimosa Avenue. A minor
telecommunication cable will have to be installed on Oak Avenue to connect existing minor
cables, which will allow affected major telecommunication cables to be terminated.
Due to the large number of critical services, only crucial preparation work will take place in
construction phase 2. This will include installation of new and temporary services and
termination of void services. All other service work will be completed when most suitable in
phases 1, 3 & 4, when site preparation and excavation occurs and pipes and cables are
exposed. A detail construction schedule for services is included for each construction page
throughout the report (sections 3.8, 4.8, 5.5, and 6.4).
Note: Colours refer to Construction Management drawings CM 2 of 50 to CM 18 of 50.
4.1 SA Power
LV Cable – The low voltage cables on Gum terrace and Mimosa terrace are only servicing
properties which will be purchased and demolished for construction, therefore cables will be
terminated and then removed in phase 1 when site preparations occur. Also other low voltage
cables along the eastern side of Main South road and also along the northern side of Sturt
road will be unaffected and will remain in their current position.
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HV 11KV Cable –The high voltage cable which crosses Sturt road prior to the intersection
and also the cable which runs in an ‘L’ shape in the intersection and down the western side of
Main South road, will all be relocated to avoid the excavation and piling area.
Additionally, the high voltage cable on Mimosa terrace which crosses Main South road will
be terminated and removed. This cable is only servicing properties that will be purchased for
demolition, therefore making the cable void. The cable will be terminated in phase 1 site
preparations, and removed in phase 3 with the northern excavation.
The relocation of the other high voltage cables are shown by the dotted line, which avoids the
underpass excavation and will be relocated under the on-grade road. The relocation will
connect to the existing cable which runs on the eastern side of Main South road. The
relocation of the high voltage cable will be done in construction phase 2, before any
excavation or piling of the Northern side is completed and will be operational before void
cables are terminated. A new trench across Sturt road to lay the new cable will be dug first,
and the vehicles on Sturt road will avoid the intersection, crossing to the southern side of the
intersection. Once completed the cars will then return to the intersection and South road will
lose 2 lanes on the eastern side of the road while the new high voltage cable is installed. Once
the new cable is operational, the removal of the high voltage cable will be completed in
construction phase 3 when the northern excavation is completed.
Optic Fibre - The optic fibre cable that crosses Sturt road prior to the intersection and runs
down Main South road will be relocated in a two stage process to avoid the piling and
excavation area. The first stage of relocation will place a temporary cable that crosses Sturt
road and runs through the site office to connect to the existing cable running down the
western side of Main South road.
Also in the first stage the newly proposed optic fibre cable that runs down the eastern side of
Main South road will be installed. Finally the existing cable that crosses Sturt road and runs
down Main South road can be terminated up to a certain point, once temporary cables are
operational. All this work will be completed in construction phase 2, and is shown by the
dotted line in drawing CM 3.
In the second stage of the relocation process the final optic fibre cable will be relocated under
the newly constructed bridge, this will occur in construction phase 3. Removal of the existing
cables running in the intersection will be completed in construction phase 3, while excavation
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occurs. Removal of the temporary cables that cross Sturt road and the site office will be
completed in the final part of the phase 3 constructions, once the new cable under the bridge
is operational. Finally removal of existing cable running down the western side of Main
South road will be completed in construction phase 4, when southern side excavation occurs.
When installation of the temporary cable in the first stage of construction phase 2 occurs,
vehicles will avoid the installation by crossing to the northern side of the intersection, once
complete, traffic can return to the intersection. Also when the preparation cable is installed on
the eastern side of South road, 2 lanes along the eastern side of the road will be temporarily
closed while the new high voltage cable is installed.
4.2 Telecommunication Cables
Minor Cable – It is assumed that the minor cable on Gum terrace is only servicing properties
which will be purchased and demolished for construction, therefore cables will be terminated
and removed in construction phase 1, when site preparations are completed. Also the minor
cables on Oak Avenue will be connected, so that the major cables that run up the western side
of Main South road and also the cable that crosses the intersection can be removed. The
minor cable connection and consequently, the major cable termination, will be completed in
construction phase 2.
Major Cable - The major cables crossing the intersection and also the cable that runs up
Main South road side will be removed in construction phase 3, when excavation occurs. As
previously mentioned the connection of the minor cable on Oak Avenue and the termination
of major cables will occur in construction phase 2.
Critical Cable - The critical cable that crosses the intersection and runs north up Main South
road will be relocated in a two stage process to avoid the excavated area.
The first stage of relocation is shown by the dotted line, which crosses Sturt road and cuts
through the site office to avoid the northern underpass excavation, which will be done in
construction phase 2. Similarly with the temporary relocation of the optic fibre cable,
vehicles will avoid the cable installation by crossing on the northern side of the intersection.
Once the temporary cable is operational, the existing cable crossing the intersection can be
terminated and removed in construction phase 3, when excavation occurs. Once the bridge is
complete in construction phase 3, the final critical cable can be attached to the bridge. Once
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operational the temporary cables will be terminated, and then removed in construction phase
4, when excavation of the southern side is completed.
4.3 AMCOM
The AMCOM cable running on Mimosa Avenue and Main South road will need to be
relocated to avoid the northern excavation. The relocation is shown by the dotted line in
drawing CM 9, and will be placed on Bradley Grove, eventually connecting to Main South
road. The relocation will be completed in phase 2, prior to the excavation in construction 3.
Once the relocation is completed and operational, the void AMCOM cable will be terminated
and then removed when excavating in phase 3.
4.4 SA Water
SA Water Supply – Water supply pipes and connections on Gum terrace, Maple Avenue and
Mimosa Avenue are only servicing properties that will be purchased and demolished for
construction; therefore all pipes will be terminated in construction phase 1. These pipes and
connections will then be removed when excavating the underpass in construction phase 3.
All other water supply pipes along South road running north will be unaffected due to the
alignment of the underpass, therefore the pipes will either be under the nature strip or under
the on-grade roads.
The only other relocation that has to occur is the relocation of the 200mm main pipe running
along Sturt road directly through the intersection. As the pipe will have to maintain its
position travelling through the intersection, the pipe will be attached to the bridge after
construction. Therefore while construction occurs, the pipe will be relocated in two stages.
First a temporary pipe will be installed straight through the site area, connect to the pipe
running on Main South road and then divert the intersection. This will be completed in
construction phase 2, and then the void water pipe will be terminated. In construction phase 3
when excavation on the northern side is complete, the void water pipe running through the
intersection will be removed.
For the second stage of relocation, a new water pipe will be attached to the newly constructed
bridge and connect to the existing service in the latter part of construction phase 3. Once the
final water supply pipe is operational, then the temporary pipe will be terminated, also in the
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latter part of construction phase 3. The temporary pipe will be removed in construction phase
4, when the excavation occurs on the southern side of the intersection. Similarly to the
temporary optic fibre cable and critical cable installation, the temporary water supply pipe
will be installed across Sturt road; therefore vehicles will avoid the installation by crossing on
the northern side of the intersection in construction phase 2. Finally as the water pipe is less
than 675mm, the angle of change in direction does not have to be 45 degrees, thus the most
suitable angle of relocation will be selected.
4.5 Wastewater
SA Wastewater – Similarly to the water supply pipes, the wastewater pipes and property
connections on Gum terrace and Mimosa Avenue are only servicing properties which will be
purchased and demolished for construction. Therefore all pipes and connections will be
terminated in construction phase 1 and will be removed in construction phase 3. All other
wastewater pipes along South road running north will be unaffected due to the alignment of
the underpass; therefore the pipes will either be under the nature strip or under the on-grade
roads.
The only other relocation that has to occur is the 525mm main pipe running along Sturt road
directly through the intersection. As the pipe will have to maintain its position travelling
through the intersection, the pipe will be attached to the bridge after construction. Therefore
while construction occurs, the pipe will be relocated in two stages.
First a temporary pipe will be installed straight through the site area, across Main South road
and then divert back to the centre of the Sturt road pipe after the intersection. This will be
done in construction phase 2, and then the void water pipe will be terminated. In construction
phase 3 when excavation on the northern side is completed, the void water pipe running
through the intersection will be removed.
For the second stage of relocation a new water pipe will be attached to the newly constructed
bridge and connect to the existing service in the latter part of construction phase 3. Once the
final water supply pipe is operational, then the temporary pipe will be terminated, also in the
latter part of construction phase 3. The temporary pipe will then be removed in construction
phase 4, when the excavation occurs on the southern side of the intersection.
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Similarly to the temporary water supply installation, the temporary waste water pipe will be
installed across Sturt road, therefore Sturt road will lose 2 lanes while installation occurs.
When the temporary pipe is installed across Main South road, further delays will occur and
vehicles will have to divert from left to right of Main South road to avoid the installation.
Finally as the waste water pipe is less than 675mm, the angle of change in direction does not
have to be 45 degrees, thus the most suitable angle of relocation will be selected.
4.6 Gas
APA Gas - The APA Gas pipe on Gum terrace is only servicing properties that will be
purchased and demolished for construction, therefore will be terminated in construction phase
1 and removed in phase 3. Also the pipe that runs down the middle of Main South road and
connects to Sturt road on the western side of the intersection will have to be relocated. A new
gas pipe will be installed parallel to the existing pipe along Main South road and will connect
to the existing pipe running on the eastern side of the intersection on Sturt road. The pipe will
be installed in construction phase 2, by diverting 2 lanes along Main South road and also
Sturt road. Once the new APA gas pipe is in service, the void pipe will be terminated in the
latter stages of construction phase 2. The removal of the Sturt road pipe will then occur in
phase 3 when excavation occurs and finally the removal of the pipe along Main South road
will occur in construction phase 4.
4.7 Stormwater
The Stormwater pipe and pits on Main South road, Gum Terrace and to the western side of
the intersection on Sturt road will all be removed when excavation occurs in construction
phase 3. The new stormwater layout will be detailed in the stormwater plan.
4.8 Phase 2 Services
HV 11KV Cable – Lay cable crossing Sturt road HV 11KV Cable – Lay cable running eastern side on Main South road Optic Fibre – Stage 1 temporary cable laid crossing site office Optic Fibre - Preparation cable running on the eastern side of Main South road laid Optic Fibre - Terminate cable crossing intersection Minor Cable – Oak Ave cables connected Major Cable (Gum/South Road) – Terminated Critical Cable - Stage 1 temporary cable crossing site office and crossing south road
laid
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AMCOM - Relocated SA Water Supply – Stage 1 temporary pipe laid and then terminate old SA Wastewater – Stage 1 temporary pipe laid and then terminate old APA GAS – Lay new pipe on Sturt road and Main South road APA GAS – Terminate old pipe on Sturt road and Main South road
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5 Phase 3 – Northern Underpass and Bridge
Phase 3 of the construction involves the works done on the northern part of the underpass and
the bridge. This includes the piling, excavation, bridge construction road pavement and the
final amenities. However before any of these works can begin, temporary traffic lanes must
be set up to maintain traffic flow through the intersection.
By the conclusion of phase three, the bridge will be completed and able to take traffic. The
northern end of the under pass will be suitable for traffic however, it cannot be used until the
southern part is complete.
5.1 Temporary traffic lanes
Due to the construction of the northern part of the underpass and the bridge, traffic will be
moved around the current intersection. Due to the new horizontal alignment, the eastern side
of the current Main South road can be used throughout this phase.
To avoid the current intersection, temporary traffic lanes will be moved slightly south. A
temporary road surface is required on the area that is currently un-occupied land, while the
current pavement will be used as long as possible. At the very northern end of the excavation,
a temporary road surface on the eastern side is also required to avoid the construction area.
There will be two lanes in either direction along Main South road as well as an emergency
lane, heading towards Flinder’s Medical Centre. Sturt road will use the current lanes where
possible and will have a minimum of two lanes in either direction.
During the morning peak period, an extra lane will be added along Main South road with
traffic heading north. During the Afternoon peak period, an extra lane will be added along
Main South road with traffic heading south.
The temporary traffic lane set up can be seen in drawings CM 22 of 50 to CM 30 of 50
Where a temporary road surface is required, the soil will be graded with a Motor Grader and
compacted with articulated tandem rollers. A Bitumen spray seal will then be applied using a
bitumen spray truck. This is a small area and so it will only take one day to complete.
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5.2 Piling
The concrete piles are one of the most major aspects in this project. The retaining wall along
each side of the underpass is to be constructed of secant piles and the piers that the support
the bridge sits on a pile group. Due to the noise and vibration issues of driven piles, all piles
are to be cast in-situ. There are to be 1606 secant piles and 25 pier support piles. The secant
piles are to be 900mm diameter and there is a total linear length of 30,082 metres. The pier
support piles are to be a group of 5, with a diameter of 900mm and a total linear length of 500
metres. The pier support piles will have starter bars cast into them to tie to the piers.
As one piling machine can pile approximately 90 linear meters a day, it will be necessary to
hire 4 machines. This will bring the total piling time to around 100 days. The piling will be
split into two sections, the bridge and northern section of the underpass first, and the southern
section of the underpass afterwards, as per the drawings.
Secant piles intersect each other to form one continuous member. In this case the overlap is
112.5 mm on each side. Secant piles walls consist of primary unreinforced piles and
secondary reinforced piles. The primary piles are weaker concrete (25 MPa), so that they can
be drilled through to lay the stronger secondary piles (40 MPa). The concrete used in primary
piles is slow curing so that it is easier to drill through the secondary piles.
The construction of the piles will be staggered for maximum efficiency. Firstly, all 4
machines will drill primary piles. After an adequate amount of primary piles have been
completed, approximately one week after beginning, 2 of the machines will begin building
the secondary piles. This will allow for the retaining wall to be completed in sections and
thus allow the excavation to begin in the shortest possible timeframe.
There are 918 piles in the northern section, with a total linear length of 16,756 metres. This
will take 61 days. Two machines will begin work on each side of the southernmost extent of
the northern section i.e. the southern edge of Sturt Road. The remaining two machines will
begin where the other two machines will approximately finish their first weeks’ working.
This will allow one pair of machines to go back to the southern edge and drill the secondary
piles. By the time the secondary piles are completed to the extent of the first weeks’ primary
piling, the other piling machines will have completed another weeks’ worth of primary piles.
Thus, leapfrogging along each wall, the piling will be completed with maximum efficiency.
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5.3 Excavation
The Northern excavation volume calculated to approximately 72,440m³. Therefore after
piling is completed, excavation will take place to remove the soil to construct the underpass.
The dumping site chosen is ResourceCo Lonsdale Landfill, located at 8 Meyer Road,
Lonsdale. The dumping site was chosen as it accepts clean fill, demolition waste and also
asphalt, which are all the materials that will be required to dump, plus due to its location
being relatively close to the site.
The only negative about the site is that it is closed on Sundays and also doesn’t except
vegetation waste. This means excavated soil will have to be piled up on Sundays ready to
dump on Monday. Vegetation waste will be dumped at Lonsdale Waste & Recycling Depot
at 10 Donegal Road, Lonsdale. The Lonsdale Waste & Recycling Depot is open 7 days a
week and accepts all green organic waste.
Below are calculations to determine a suitable duration for excavation:
Travel path for trucks for soil dumping:
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Figure 4: Truck Route to Dump
Main South road Right on Majors road Left on Lonsdale road Right on Meyer
road
Total Travel Time: 14mins
The total time for excavation was calculated by using a formula that determined the total
duration by working with variables, including truck capacity, truck cycle time, loading time
and production rate of loader.
Truck capacity=TruckCapacityLoading time=TruckCapacity / Production rate of loaderTruck cycle time=Loading time+Goingtime+Returntime+Dumping timeNumber of required trucks=Truck cycle time / loading time
Truck Capacity=20m3
Loading time=¿24 minutes
Travel time=14∗2=28minutes
Cycle time=24+28+5=57 minutes
Number of trucks=5724
=2.375 trucks
Therefore if 9 trucks and 3 excavators are used, 180m³ of soil moved / hour:
72,440.13m3
180m3 =402hours
Assuming 7 hours of excavating a day:
4027
=57days
Maybe say what these mean?
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5.4 Benching
Between excavation of the northern side of the underpass in construction phase 3 and the
southern side in phase 4, there will be difference in soil elevation of 8m. Therefore to
decrease the risk on site with issues regarding the slope stability, a form of stabilisation of the
soil was required. Possibilities of a temporary retaining wall were postulated but through
slope stability analysis on Galena, final conclusions were found that benching of the soil is
the most feasible option.
The benching was designed in Galena to measure the horizontal distance required of the
benching geometry to achieve a Factor of Safety of 2.3. Galena required the soil parameters,
an initial design of the benching and a surcharge of the diverted traffic which would flow
relatively close to the excavation. The final output is shown below in figure 5, with the final
benching designs with the achieved F.O.S. The benching will be excavated to design, with
the excavators on site, at the completion of construction phase 3.
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2.5mm
1.5m
2m
14.5m17m
Input for Galena
Hard Stiff Clay
Unit Weight (γ)=21 kN /m3
Cohension(c)=15 kN /m2
Phi(φ)=270
Surcharge=10 kPa
Output Galena
Individual slopes will have dimensions of 2.5m x 2m, with a horizontal bench of 1.5m,
providing a total horizontal distance of 14.5m to achieve a stable slope of 8m of soil. Finally
the vehicles that will provide an additional surcharge to the slope will have to be at least 17m
from the start of the slope, which is 2.5m from the final edge of the slope.
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Figure 5: Galena Slope Stability – Benching
5.5 Services
HV 11KV Cable – Remove cable crossing Mimosa avenue HV 11KV Cable – Terminate and remove cable crossing intersection and Sturt road Optic Fibre - Attach new cable to bridge and then connect to preparation cable Optic Fibre - Remove existing cables in intersection Optic Fibre - Remove temporary cables Major Cable (Gum/Main South Road & intersection) – Removed Critical Cable – Terminate then remove cable running up the centre of South road
and then intersection Critical Cable – Attached new cable to the bridge Critical Cable –Temporary cable terminated AMCOM – Cable on Mimosa avenue and Main South road terminated and then
removed SA Water Supply - Gum terrace, Maple avenue and Mimosa avenue removed SA Water Supply – Remove old pipe running through intersection SA Water Supply – Attach new pipe to bridge running through intersection SA Water Supply – Terminate temporary pipe SA Wastewater - Gum terrace, Maple avenue pipes removed SA Wastewater - Remove old pipe running through intersection SA Wastewater - Attach new pipe to bridge running through intersection SA Wastewater - Terminate temporary pipe APA Gas – Gum terrace and Sturt road cables removed Stormwater – Pipes and pits on Gum Terrace, Main South road and Sturt road
removed
Note: Colours refer to Construction Management drawings CM 2 of 50 – CM 18 of 50
5.6 Bridge Construction
The bridge is the designed to carry the current Sturt Road traffic over Main South Road.
There will be three lanes in each direction. The main super structure of the bridge consists of
30 precast pre-stressed super T beams which are simply supported on middle piers and two
side secant pile walls. There will be headstocks running underneath all super T beams to
distribute loads to both sides of support.
A precise survey control network is required prior to any construction and it will be done
during the site preparation stage. These survey marks will be check regularly throughout the
construction.
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Please refer to CM-33 – Bridge construction sequence for entire process of bridge
construction.
A request for tender should be sent out for tendering of the entire bridge construction,
excluding all piles construction. The piling contract will include the secant pile wall and
middle pier piles.
5.6.1 Bridge pier piles, pile caps and side headstocks
The bridge secant piles and piers will be the support of headstocks which will then hold the
super T structures. Construction of the secant piles is described in section 5.2 of this report.
5.6.1.1 Pier piles and pile caps
There are five 1m x 1m rectangular piers in the middle of the bridge and they run parallel to
Main South Road. Each middle pier transfers the load to the pile cap and then distributes the
load to the supporting 5 piles. Firstly, 25 piles (5 piles x 5 piers) need to be drilled by SR-30
piling rig with 900mm diameter drill. Secondly, pre-fabricated steel cages are placed in each
drill hole. Make sure the starter bar for cast pile cap is sufficient and meet the requirements of
BD 13. Finally, to pour 40 MPa early strength concrete to all pile holes.
The pile cap will need to be constructed after the piles have gained 90% of strength and it
should be within 7 days of pouring. To place the pile caps steel cage, a 90T crane is sufficient
for the lifting. Moreover, the same concrete as the piles will be poured and compacted
carefully. With similar consideration, pier starter bars will need to be considered and satisfy
the design specification.
The entire construction of the pier piles and pile caps will be finished within 30 days. During
this time, two side headstocks will be casted.
5.6.1.2 Casting Headstock
As long as secant piles have gained sufficient strength, the two side headstocks can be cast
in-situ. There will be reinforcement left protruding from the secant wall piles, which will be
the starter bars for connection steels with cast in-situ headstocks. The pile and side
headstocks were designed by the Earthwork/Roadwork and Bridge Design teams
respectively; for details of these designs, please refer to BD 13 for piles and BD 5 for side
headstocks.
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The first step is steelwork, which the headstock cage will be pre-fabricated and deliver to site
and then connect to the piles reinforcements. For details on the reinforcement connection
please refers to BD 13 and BD 5. The recommended procedure of casting the headstocks are
as following:
Place the pre-fabricated steel cage to the correct location and check the alignment and
levels at the same time.
Fix and adjust reinforcements, the site engineer is responsible for checking that the
reinforcement’s lapping comply with the design.
Placement of headstock’s formworks by qualified concrete contractors.
Pour 40MPa concrete and compact concrete properly with vibrator.
Cover this section to protect concrete for curing.
During the construction of the west side headstock, appropriate traffic management will be
applied.
5.6.2 Piers and Middle Headstock
Piers and the middle headstock will support the super T’s. The load will migrate through the
pile cap and then to the pile groups underground. While the piers and headstock can be cast
in-situ in order after the pile cap has gained sufficient strength by using 40 MPa high early
strength concrete.
Again, the starter bar is important for connecting the pier steel to the pile cap. All steel cages
will be pre-fabricated and fixed to the correct location. A 90T crane will be used through the
construction for lifting and placement of all formworks precisely. Fresh concrete will be
pumped by a truck mounted boom pump from the top of the pier. An extended vibrator will
be needed at the start of pouring to ensure concrete at bottom of pier is compacted properly.
Headstock will be casted after all columns are ready to support the heavy middle headstock.
The total length of middle headstock will be 44 m. Therefore the steel cage will be pre-
fabricated by 4 sections for transport and then they will be welded on site. Scaffolding will be
built up to 7m height for workers to place formwork. Concrete boom pump will be used to
deliver the concrete to the top of headstock.
5.6.3 Super T Storage
The dimension of each super T is 2.5m wide x 1.5m height x 24m long. Each of them weighs
approximately 48 tonnes. Due to the special requirement and dimension, super T’s can only
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be transported on weekends and the Bianco Precast cannot transport 30 super T in two days.
Therefore, an empty site is designated for super T storage at the northwest of the bridge
construction (refer to drawing CM-31 bridge construction part 1).
The super T manufacturer will be responsible for transport products. But a crane contractor
(200T crane) will be required to unload them. Hardwood bearers will be used when stacking
the super T. Two piles of the stacked super T will be located on the storage site.
All unloading and loading of super T will happen in the closed construction area which will
be fenced away from traffic, therefore there will be no temporary traffic management
involved.
5.6.4 Super T Erection
Before all super Ts are transported to the storage site bearing plate Elastomeric Laminated
Bearing GJE-03(refer to figure 6) should be installed to the underside of the beam.
Furthermore there will be a bottom part of the bearing plate installed on the headstock to
support the super T. The Super T analysis and design are located in sections 1.5.1 and 1.6 or
the Bridge Design, Detailed Design report respectively. The design detail of the bearing plate
is in section 1.12 of the Bridge Design, Detailed Design report.
Figure 6, Bearing plate fitted to the beam prior to transportation
Once all headstocks, piles and piers gained the sufficient strength, the erection can be taken
place by using dual crane lift. The entire erection will be broken to two stages, stage one and
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stage two.
Stage one is to install the west section of bridge. A 350T crane will set up on the west side of
underpass and it is on the bank. A 400T crane will set up on the bottom of underpass. Stage
two is to install the east section of bridge. The 350T crane will move to the east bank. During
this erection, one lane needs to be closed for safety concern.
The following erection sequence is a guide for contractors to install the super T (refer to
drawing CM-30 and CM-31 Bridge construction). Stage one and stage two of erection will be
similar except the 350T carne set up.
There will be a 200T carne lifting each stored super T to two dolly trailers (refer to
figure 7) and transport to west side of bridge.
A 350T carne on the bank lift one side of super T and drag over to allow super T half
hanging and half supported on one dolly trailer.
A 400T carne will set up at the bottom of excavated Northern underpass. This crane
will take over the half hanging side of super T. The 350T crane will connect to the
dolly trailer side of super T. A 15m cherry picker will be used for connecting the
crane arm to shackle pin embedded in super T.
Two cranes then will move the super T into place carefully.
Figure 7, Dolly trailer transport super T within the construction site
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5.6.5 Decking
Once all of super T erections are completed, the decking will be casted in-situ. Deck
reinforcement will connect to the super T stirrup. Total 310 m3 of concrete will pour on the
top of super Ts by using 40Mpa high early strength concrete. At the bottom of each super T
wings, there will be formworks to prevent the concrete leaking through the gap. All concrete
will be compacted properly. After 7 days curing, pavement and footpath pavers will be laid to
the top of bridge. Please refer to BD 2 for deck detail design.
5.6.6 Parapet Installation
All parapets will be pre-casted and then transported to the correct location. At the edges of
bridge deck, a series of steel bars will be designed and left protruding for install parapets.
Once the parapets are placed correctly, all penetration needs to be grouted by 40 MPa
concrete. Figure 8 is an example of this design. Please refer to BD 10 for final design of
parapet.
Figure 8, Concrete parapets fixing
Around the bridge piers, it is necessary to install parapets to prevent car crashes into the pier,
which can potentially cause failure of bridge. The same installation method will be used for
these parapets. The pier parapets should be installed by small crane (20T carne) to prevent
damage to bridge structure.
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5.7 Pavement + Amenities
The pavement and amenities in the final step of phase 3 involves paving the roads, setting the
curbs, marking the road lines and installing the traffic signals, street lights and road signs. All
up it will take 11 days. A breakdown of how the time will be spent is shown in figure 9
below.
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Figure 9 – Construction Phase 3 – Pavement + Amenities Gantt Chart
35
5.7.1 Pavement
In Phase 3 the final road pavement will be laid for the northern part of Main South Road as
well as on Sturt road over and to the west of the bridge. The paving process includes grading
and compacting the soil before laying and compacting the base and sub-base when required.
After a primer has been sprayed onto the base (or sub-grade when there is no base) the
asphalt will be laid. Each layer is rolled and then tested before moving on.
A motor grader will be used to grade the soil and five articulated tandem rollers will be used
to compact it. This can be done in one day for each road. On Sturt road there is currently old
pavement that must be first removed. This can be done while the grader is being used on
Main South Road.
While Sturt road is being graded, Main South road will be laid with the sub-base and base
layers. Four of the rollers will be used to compact this while one will be used on Sturt road.
Next the asphalt will be laid. The duration estimates for the paving process are based on a Cat
AP1000E Paver which has a maximum operating speed of 25 m/min and a maximum
operating width of 8 m. Both Main South road and Sturt road will require four passes of the
paver to cover the entire surface. With a length of approximately 440m, the pavement on the
northern part of Main South road can be laid in approximately 70 minutes per layer while the
single pavement layer, with a length of 150m on Sturt can be laid in 24 minutes.
Table 3 below shows the area output of BOMAG’s 10-14 tonne articulated tandem rollers. To
be conservative, the minimum value has been assumed. The pavement on Main South road
has a volume of approximately 11,000m3 and a layer thickness of 50mm. With four rollers
and two asphalt layers, this pavement can be rolled in approximately 5 hours and 30 minutes.
The pavement on Sturt road has an approximate volume of 3,100m3 and a layer thickness of
150mm. With one roller, Sturt road can be rolled in approximately 5 hours and 15 minutes.
Since there are five rollers, there is enough equipment to pave both roads on the same day.
36
Weight (t) 10-14 Assume (conservative):
Area output (t = 20-40 mm) (m2/h) 1000-2200 1000
Area output (t = 60-80 mm) (m2/h) 800-1200 800
Area output (t = 100-140 mm) (m2/h)
600-900 600
Table 3 - Areas output of 10-14 t BOMAG Articulated Tandem Rollers
5.7.2 Curbing
After the pavement has be laid, the curbs along the sides of the road and the median strips
will be set. This can be done in-situ with a curber. The Power Curber 5700-C will set the
concrete curbs at a speed of approximately 15m/min.
The combined length of curb on the northern part of Main South road is approximately
1,850m and will be set in approximately 2 hours. The curbs on Sturt road have a combined
length of approximately 410m and will be set in approximately 30 minutes.
5.7.3 Line Marking
The best assumption for the speed of the line marking is approximately 2 km worth of road
lines per day.
Main South road has 8 road lines for a length of approximately 440m. This can be done in
approximately 1 day and 6 hours (assuming an 8 hour day).
Sturt road has 8 road lines for a length of approximately 150m as well as 12 arrows. This can
be done in approximately 6 hours.
5.7.4 Traffic Signals
Three traffic signals will be erected on Sturt road in phase 3. A pole borer, such as the Proline
1014 Series Pole Borer will first be used to bore the holes before the bases are concreted in
place. After the concrete has set, the pole borer will come back and be used to erect the poles.
The signals can then be installed onto the poles.
Since the curbing will be done quickly, the holes and bases for the traffic signals can be
installed on the same day that the curbs are set.
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5.7.5 Lighting
The street lights will be erected in the same way as the traffic signals, using the same pole
borer. In this phase, 14 street lights will be erected on Main South road and 9 on Sturt.
Assuming that a hole can be dug and the base concreted in place every hour, it will take
approximately 1 day and 6.5 hours for Main South road and approximately 1 day and 1 hour
for Sturt.
After the concrete has been allowed to cure, the poles will be erected. Assuming that one pole
can be erected every hour this will also be done in approximately 1 day and 6 hours for Main
South road and approximately 1 day and 1 hour for Sturt.
5.7.6 Signage
There are only 5 medium sized signs to be installed in this phase. There are two speed limit
signs on Main South road, two speed limit signs on Sturt road and a stop sign on Sturt.
It will only take one day to install these signs.
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6 Phase 4 – Southern Underpass and North Bound Interchange
Ramps
Phase 4 of the construction involves the works done on the southern part of the underpass and
the north bound interchange ramps. This includes the piling, excavation, road pavement and
the final amenities for Main South road and the road pavement and amenities for the
interchange ramps. The traffic lanes will be moved again to avoid the new construction areas.
With the completion of construction phase 4, the Main South road underpass will be
completely finished and open for use, as will the north bound interchange ramps.
6.1 Relocate traffic
Since the southern end of the underpass will be constructed in this phase, the traffic lanes
must be moved to avoid the new construction areas. With the conclusion of phase 3, the
bridge can be used to take traffic. In phase 4 Sturt road will be connected by the new bridge,
and the temporary lanes for Main South road will continue to run down the eastern side.
The temporary lanes on Main South road north of the intersection will remain the same as in
phase 3, while the south side will be change to mirror this. A new temporary road surface will
be required on the southern end of Main South road to avoid the construction. This will be
installed in the same process as phase 3 and will also take one day.
Again an extra lane will be added along Main South road with traffic heading north during
the morning peak period and an extra lane along Main South road with traffic heading south
during the afternoon peak period.
6.2 Piling
The piling on the southern side of the intersection will continue as per the northern side.
Construction will commence as soon as piling the northern section is complete. There are 688
piles to complete in the southern section, with a total linear length of 13,326. All the piles in
this phase are 900mm diameter secant piles for the retaining wall (there are no bridge support
piles in this phase). The 4 machines will again work in a leapfrogging fashion, working north
to south.
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6.3 Excavation
The Southern excavation volume was calculated to be approximately 26,286m³. The same
dumping sites will be used for soil and vegetation, ResourceCo Lonsdale Landfill and
Lonsdale Waste & Recycling Depot.
Below are calculations to determine a suitable duration for excavation:
Therefore if 9 trucks and 3 excavators are used, 180m³ of soil moved / hour:
26,286 m3
180 m3 =146 hours
Assuming 7 hours of excavating a day:
1467
=21days
6.4 Services
HV 11KV Cable – Remove cable running down western side of Main South road Optic Fibre - Remove void cable running on western side of Main South road Critical Cable – Temporary cable removed SA Water Supply – Remove temporary pipe SA Wastewater– Remove temporary pipe APA GAS –Remove pipe on Main South road
Note: Colours refer to Construction Management drawings CM 2 of 50– CM 18 of 50
6.5 Pavement + Amenities
The Pavement and amenities of Main South road are the final steps of phase 4. Again the
roads will be paved, the curbs will be set, the road lines will be marked and the street lights
and road signs will be installed. There are no traffic signals to be installed on Main South
Road.
It will take 9 days to finish the pavement and amenities for Main South road which is shown
in figure 10 below.
40
Figure 10 - Construction Phase 4 – Pavement + Amenities Gantt Chart
6.5.1 Pavement
The paving for phase 4 will be done in the same way as it was in phase 3 (section 5.7.1).
Main South road will not be paved at the same time as the interchange ramps, therefore all 5
rollers will be used here.
Again 4 passes of the Paver are required to cover the entire width of Main South road. In this
phase, Main South road has a length of approximately 260m, which can be laid in
approximately 45 minutes per layer.
41
Using 5 rollers for an area of approximately 7,000m2 and a layer thickness of 50mm with two
asphalt layers, Main South road can be rolled in approximately 2 hours and 50 minutes.
6.5.2 Curbing
The curbing for phase 4 will be done in the same way as it was in phase 3 (section 5.7.2).
Main south road has a combined length of curb of approximately 1,120m, which will be set in
approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes.
6.5.3 Line Marking
The line marking for phase 4 will be done in the same way as it was in phase 3 (section
5.7.3).
Main south road has 8 road lines with a length of approximately 160m. This can be painted in
one day.
6.5.4 Lighting
The street lighting for phase 4 will be done in the same way as it was in phase 3 (section
5.7.5).
There are 18 street lights to be erected on Main South road. This will take approximately 2
days and 2.5 hours. After the concrete has set it will take another 2 days and 2.5 hours to
erect the poles.
6.5.5 Signage
There are only two speed limit signs to be installed on Main South road, which can easily be
done in one day.
6.6 Northbound Interchange Ramps
The north bound interchange ramps will be constructed at the same time as the underpass is
being excavated. All that will be done for the north bound interchange ramps, is to pave the
road, set the curbs, mark the road lines and install the traffic signals, street lights and traffic
signs. This will be done in 9 days, which is shown in figure 11 below.
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Figure 11 - Construction Phase 4 – North Bound Interchange Ramps Gantt Chart
6.6.1 Pavement
First the ramps will be graded and compacted then the asphalt will be laid. Due to the
changes in width of the interchange ramps, some parts will require only one pass of the paver
while others will require two.
The north bound exit ramp has approximately 90m of pavement, 7.5 to 10m wide and
approximately 145m, 5.5 to 7.5m wide. This can be laid in approximately 15 minutes.
43
The north bound entry ramp has approximately 165m of pavement, 7.5 to 12.5m wide and
approximately 260m, 5.5 to 7.5m wide. This can be laid in approximately 25 minutes.
The north bound exit ramp has a pavement area of approximately 1500m2, a single asphalt
layer with a thickness of 50mm, and with two rollers, can be rolled in approximately 45
minutes.
The north bound entry ramp has a pavement area of approximately 3600m2, a single asphalt
layer with a thickness of 50mm, and with three rollers, can be rolled in approximately 1 hour
and 15 minutes.
6.6.2 Curbing
With a combined length of approximately 1,300m, the curbs will be laid in approximately 90
minutes.
6.6.3 Line Marking
The north bound interchange ramps contain approximately 1,980m of road lines and three
arrows. This can be done in one day.
6.6.4 Traffic Signals
The traffic signals for the phase 4 north bound interchange ramps will be done in the same
way as it was in phase 3 (section 5.7.4).
There is one traffic signal on the north bound exit ramp. The hole will be dug and the base
concreted in place in one day, and the pole will be erected and the signals installed on
another.
6.6.5 Lighting
There are 4 street lights on the exit ramp and 9 on the entry ramp.
It will take approximately 4 hours to dig the holes and install the bases on the exit ramp, and
another 4 hours to install the poles after the concrete has been allowed to cure.
It will take approximately 1 day and 1 hour to dig the holes and install the bases on the entry
ramp, and another 1 day and 1 hour to install the poles after the concrete has been allowed to
cure.
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6.6.6 Signage
There is a speed limit sign and a give way sign on the exit ramp and a give way sign, a stop
sign and a speed limit sign on the entry ramp. These can be installed in one day.
There is also a large exit sign on the north bound exit ramp which will require the pole borer.
The hole will be bored and the base set on the same day that the other signs are installed,
which is also the same day that the traffic signal is installed. The sign will then be erected on
the same day that the traffic signal pole is erected.
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7 Phase 5 – South Bound Interchange Ramps
This is the final phase that involves construction works and disruptions to traffic. The
majority of the project works will be completed and open for use while the south bound
interchange ramps will be constructed. The pavement on the eastern side of Sturt road will
also be re-laid. This will be constructed in two stages so that the traffic can always flow. The
two stages are shown in drawings CM 43 of 50 to CM 50 of 50.
The schedule of the works is shown in figure 12 below.
46
Figure 12 - Construction Phase 4 Gantt Chart
47
7.1 Relocate traffic
After the completion of phase 4, the underpass, the bridge and the northern bound
interchange ramps will be completed and open for use. Temporary lanes will only be required
for the south bound interchange ramps. Due to the new horizontal alignment, there is enough
space on the eastern side of the under pass to accommodate the temporary traffic lanes while
the new south bound interchange ramps are under construction.
However it is impossible to construct the entire south bound interchange at once without the
temporary lanes crossing the construction area. Therefore phase 5 will be done in two stages
and the traffic lanes will be shifted so that the construction can continue. The location of the
temporary lanes can be seen in drawings CM 43 of 50 to CM 50 of 50.
Traffic will also be directed around the repaving of the eastern side of Sturt road.
During this phase, the temporary lanes will be located on existing pavement and will not
require any additional temporary road surfaces.
7.2 Remove existing surface
For each stage of construction phase 5, the existing pavement on the eastern part of Main
South road must be removed. This will be done with an excavator and will require
approximately two days for each stage.
7.3 Pavement
The paving for phase 5 will be done in the same way as it was in phases 3 and 4 (section
5.7.1). In total there is a length of approximately 710m of pavement along the interchange
ramps with width varying from 5.5 to 16m. This can be laid in approximately 30 minutes per
stage.
Sturt road will require 2 passes of the paver per stage with a length of approximately 130m.
This can be laid in approximately 10 minutes per stage.
The south bound exit ramp has a pavement area of approximately 1,100m2 per stage, a single
asphalt layer with a thickness of 50mm, and with one roller, can be rolled in approximately 1
hour and 10 minutes per stage.
48
The south bound entry ramp has a pavement are of approximately 1,700m2 per stage, a single
asphalt layer with a thickness of 50mm, and with two rollers, can be rolled in approximately
1 hour per stage.
Sturt road has a pavement are of approximately 1,750m2 per stage, a single asphalt layer with
a thickness of 150mm, and with two rollers, can be rolled in approximately 1 hour and 30
minutes per stage.
7.4 Curbing
The curbing for phase 5 will be done in the same way as it was in phases 3 and 4 (section
5.7.2).
The south bound exit ramp has approximately 380m of curb per stage, which will be set in
approximately 30 minutes per stage.
The south bound entry ramp has approximately 370m of curb per stage, which will be set in
approximately 30 minutes per stage.
Sturt road has approximately 160m of curb per stage, which will be set in approximately 15
minutes per stage.
7.5 Line Marking
The line marking for phase 5 will be done in the same way as it was in phases 3 and 4
(section 5.7.3).
The south bound exit ramp has 3 road lines with a length of approximately 180m per stage.
There are also 3 arrows to be painted in the first stage. This can be painted in approximately 2
hours per stage.
The south bound exit ramp has 3 road lines with a length of approximately 180m per stage.
This can be painted in approximately 2 hours per stage.
Sturt road has 4 road lines with a length of approximately 130m per stage. There are also 4
arrows to be painted in the first stage. This can be painted in approximately 2 hours per stage.
7.6 Traffic Signals
The traffic signals for phase 5 will be done in the same way as it was in phases 3 and 4
(section 5.7.4).
49
There is one traffic signal on the south bound exit ramp and one on Sturt road. These will
both be installed in the first stage.
The holes will be bored and the bases concreted in place in one day, and the poles will be
erected and the signals installed on another.
7.7 Lighting
The street lighting for phase 5 will be done in the same way as it was in phases 3 and 4
(section 5.7.5).
There are 4 street lights to be erected on the south bound exit ramp for the first stage and 3
for the second. There are 4 street lights to be erected on the entry ramp per stage and 6 on
Sturt road per stage.
It will take approximately 1 day and 6 hours per stage to bore the holes and install the bases.
After the concrete has set it will take another 1 day and 6 hours per stage to erect the poles.
7.8 Signage
There is a give way sign and a stop sign to be installed on the south bound exit ramp in the
first stage and a speed limit sign and a stop sign in the second stage. There is a give way sign
and a speed limit sign to be installed on the south bound entry ramp in the first stage and a
speed limit sign in the second stage. Finally there is a speed limit sign to be installed on Sturt
road in the first stage and a speed limit sign and a stop sign in stage 2.
These can all be installed in one day per stage.
There is also a large exit sign on the south bound exit ramp to be installed in stage 2, which
will require the pole borer. The hole will be bored and the base set on the same day that the
other signs are installed in the second stage. The sign will then be erected after the concrete
had been allowed to cure.
50
8 Phase 6 – Closing
8.1 Open road
A site opening ceremony will be held upon completion of the project. Public tours will be
taken through to educate the general population on the features and innovations of the new
intersection.
Upon the opening of the upgraded intersection, the temporary lanes will be removed. The
spray seal laid will be ripped up with a motor grader, and loaded into trucks for disposal.
The ground covered in drawing 50 will be landscaped to match the rest of the verge on
Flinders University's boundary.
8.2 Disassemble Site
With construction complete, the rented equipment may be returned and any surplus items
disposed of. An auction will be held to sell excess tools, computers and other articles that will
have been acquired for the project. If public land, such as Flinders University’s grounds, has
been damaged, it will be rejuvenated to its original condition or better.
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9 References
City of Onkaparinga, 2010, viewed 6/5/2014,
<http://www.onkaparingacity.com/onka/living_here/waste_recycling/waste_disposal_sites.js
p>
Dr. E Elbeltagi, Estimating work items costs, idirect costs, markup and contract pricing, pg
98, viewed 10/5/2014, <http://osp.mans.edu.eg/elbeltagi/Cost%20Ch5.pdf>
ResourceCo, viewed 6/5/2014,
<http://www.resourceco.com.au/products-services/resourceco/pricing/disposal.html>
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10 Appendices
10.1 Appendix A – Construction Gantt Chart
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