mac_integration_basics_106[1]

Mac Integration Basics 10.6Adding a Mac to a Windows or other Standards-based Environment

© 2010 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple.

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5 Chapter 1: Introduction5 Overview5 Prerequisite Knowledge

6 Chapter 2: Integrating a Mac6 Connecting to a Network Account Server6 Overview6 Configuring a Mac to Connect to a Network Account Server11 Using Network Accounts12 Summary12 For Additional Information12 Sharing Files Between Mac OS X and Windows Computers12 Overview12 Connecting to File Servers15 Personal File Sharing19 Summary19 For Additional Information19 Email, Calendars, & Contacts19 Overview19 Email22 Contacts24 Calendars27 Summary27 For Additional Information28 Security28 Overview28 User Account Security34 System Security35 Network Security41 Summary42 For Additional Information

3

Contents

4 Contents

42 Printing42 Overview42 Connecting to a USB Printer45 Printing to a Network Printer49 Working with PPD files50 Summary50 For Additional Information51 Instant Messaging51 Overview51 Configuring iChat54 Other Instant Messaging Services60 Summary60 For Additional Information60 Data Management and Backup60 Overview60 Migrating Data from Windows to a Mac61 Backing Up Data65 Summary65 For Additional Information66 Cross-platform Compatibility66 Overview66 Cross-platform Compatibility67 Running Windows on a Mac71 Summary71 For Additional Information

72 Chapter 3: Additional Resources72 Mac OS X Training & Certification73 Books74 Support

5

OverviewThis course is designed for individuals bringing a Mac computer into a small business environment that is predominantly Windows-based. Windows Small Business Service is most likely the server being used. The course is also for users replacing a Windows computer with a Mac, and for reference by system administrators supporting the above users.

During this course you’ll learn all the different ways you can integrate a Mac within your organization’s network environment including how to configure your Mac to work with Active Directory, and how to take advantage of network services, file sharing, printing, instant messaging, emailing, calendars and contacts.

You’ll also learn about security at the user, local network, and remote networking levels. You’ll learn about data management, both migrating your data from a Windows computer as well as backing up your important data. Finally you’ll learn how to run Windows programs directly on your Mac, giving you total compatibility and interoperability with colleagues using Windows.

Prerequisite KnowledgeThis material assumes you have a basic understanding of Mac OS X skills and terminology. If you are new the Mac, you should review one of two online Apple Support resources that provide an introduction to using the Mac:

Switch 101 Designed for a PC user who has just switched to the Mac and wants to find out how to adapt old working habits to the Mac OS. Switch 101 is located online at http://www.apple.com/support/switch101/.

Mac 101 Written for those that are new to computers or simply need a refresher course on how to get the most out of a Mac. Mac 101 is located online at http://www.apple.com/support/mac101/.

1 Introduction

http://www.apple.com/support/switch101/

http://www.apple.com/support/mac101/

6

Connecting to a Network Account Server

OverviewMicrosoft Small Business Server and Windows Server use Active Directory to provide accounts, authentication and shared services for network users. Open Directory is another directory server implementation which enables the use of LDAP directory services. Whatever directory service protocol your organization uses, Mac users can effortlessly join existing networks and adhere to enterprise policies for strong authentication and password-protected access to network resources. Adding a Mac to a network with directory services is a simple process thanks to the network account support built into Mac OS X Snow Leopard..

Configuring a Mac to Connect to a Network Account ServerTo allow your Mac to use a network account, you must first configure it to connect to a directory server. This configuration process is known as binding.

Binding is accomplished in the Accounts pane of System Preferences. You’ll need to authenticate as an administrator user to initiate the process. In the next steps you'll learn how to bind to an Active Directory server and an Open Directory/LDAP server.

To bind to an Active Directory server:To bind a Mac to an Active Directory server, you'll need the following pieces of information from the server administrator:

• The domain name, typically expressed in the format: example.com.

• An administrator user name.

• An administrator password.

Note: Your server administrator may also specify the ID your computer should use.

To bind a Mac to an Active Directory server, follow these steps:

2 Integrating a Mac

Chapter 2 Integrating a Mac 7

1 Open System Preferences by either clicking the System Preferences icon in the Dock, or choosing System Preferences from the Apple menu.

2 Click Accounts.

3 Click Login Options.

4 Click the Join button.

If you've previously joined a directory server, click the Edit button instead of the Join button. In the dialog that appears, click the Add (+) button beneath the list of previously joined servers.

5 Enter the Active Directory domain name provided by your server administrator.

The dialog window will expand to include the Active Directory settings.

6 Enter the Active Directory user name and password provided by your server administrator.

8 Chapter 2 Integrating a Mac


7 Optionally edit the ID you want Active Directory to use for your server.

The Client Computer ID is preset to the name of the computer. (This is the same name the Mac uses in the Sharing preferences.) You can change this to conform to your organization’s established scheme for naming computers in the Active Directory domain. If you’re not sure, consult the server administrator.

8 Click OK.

This creates a record for your Mac in the Active Directory domain.

To bind to an Open Directory/LDAP server:When adding an Open Directory server, you must know the server name or IP address and whether the server requires the secure sockets layer (SSL) protocol.

To add an LDAP server, follow these steps:

1 Open System Preferences and click Accounts.

2 If the Lock icon is locked, unlock it by clicking it and entering the name and password of an administrator account.


4 Click the Join button.

If you've previously joined a directory server, click the Edit button instead of the Join button. In the dialog that appears, click the Add (+) button beneath the list of previously joined servers.

5 You can choose a server from the pop-up menu or manually enter the server’s domain name (or IP address).



6 If your server administrator said SSL is required, select the “Require secure connection (SSL)” checkbox.

7 Click Done to return to the Accounts pane.

You've bound your Mac to an LDAP server.

Using Network AccountsNow that you’ve configured the Mac to connect to a directory server, you can log into your Mac using your network user account.

Before you can log in, you’ll need to get a network account user name and password from the server administrator. For Active Directory accounts, user name can be in one of three formats:

• shortname

• [email protected]

• DOMAIN\shortname

To log in using a network account: 1 If you're currently logged in on your Mac, log out by choosing Log Out from the

Apple menu.

Mac OS X will log out and a login window will list all of the local user accounts, followed by “Other.”

2 Click Other and enter the network account user name and password as provided by your server administrator.

3 Click the Log In button.

You're now logged into your Mac using the account you provided by the directory server. Your Mac system is now fully integrated into the network.

SummaryIn this section you've learned the steps for setting up a Mac to connect to a directory server. Based on what you've learned in this section, you should be able to perform these tasks:

• Obtain the information from the directory server administrator necessary to bind a Mac to a directory server.

• Bind a Mac to a directory server.

• Log into a Mac with a network user account.

After completing these steps, your Mac can take advantage of user authentication and network resources that are provided by your organization's directory server. Mac OS X's built-in support makes this process simple and easy.

For Additional InformationThe following resources provide more information about configuring Mac OS X to connect to directory servers:

• “Managing Directory Clients Using Accounts Preferences” in Mac OS X Server: Open Directory Administration at http://www.apple.com/server/macosx/resources/documentation.html

• “Network Services” in Mac OS X Support Essentials v10.6, Peachpit Press, 2010

Sharing Files Between Mac OS X and Windows Computers

OverviewOrganizations constantly share files and resources across networked computers. Mac OS X Snow Leopard supports a wide variety of the most popular file server protocols. In this section you'll learn first how to connect your Mac to file servers on different networks. Then you'll learn how to configure Personal File sharing to allow other network users to access files on your Mac.

Connecting to File ServersYou can connect to Mac and Windows computers that have file sharing turned on, as well as file servers using the AFP, SMB/CIFS, NFS, WebDAV, and FTP protocols. To access shared files stored on file servers on your network, you can either browse for the server by name in a Finder window, or enter its IP address directly.

In some cases, you may also need to know the network area or workgroup the server is located in. To connect directly to a file server, you'll also need the server's IP address. You'll need to obtain an authorized user name and password from the server administrator to access network file servers.


http://www.apple.com/server/macosx/resources/documentation.html

http://www.apple.com/server/macosx/resources/documentation.html


To browse for file servers:To connect to a file server by browsing, follow these steps:

1 In the Finder, choose Go > “Connect to Server,” and then click Browse.

2 Search for the server’s name.

3 When you locate the desired shared computer or server, select it and click Connect As.

4 Choose to Connect as a Registered User and enter the user name and password you were provided by the server administrator.

Note: To make it easier to connect to the server in the future, select “Remember this password in my keychain” to add your user name and password for the computer to your keychain. This adds the authorized user name and password for the file server to your keychain on your Mac. Next time you want to connect to this file server, your authorization information will be remembered, and you'll gain access automatically.

To connect directly to Windows file servers:To connect directly to a file server by entering its network address, follow these steps:

1 In the Finder, choose Go > “Connect to Server.”

2 Type the network address for the computer or server in the Server Address field using one of these formats:

smb://DNSname/sharename

smb://IPaddress/sharename

where DNSname is the domain name of the server, IPaddess is the server’s IP address, and sharename is name of the shared volume to be mounted.

Note: SMB stands for the Server Message Block protocol used mainly by Windows computers to provide shared network access. SMB is also known as the Common Internet File System or CIFS.

If you have connected to the file server recently, you can also choose it from the Recent Servers pop-up menu. To add a computer or server to your Favorite Servers list, click the Add (+) button after entering the address. If you have added a server to the Favorite Servers list, you can double-click the server’s address in the list.

3 Click Connect.



4 Choose to Connect as a Registered User and enter the user name and password you were provided by the server administrator.

You've now configured your Mac to access files stored on network file servers. You may also want to set up your Mac to allow other network users to access your files with Personal File sharing. The next section will show you how to enable Personal File sharing on your Mac.

Personal File SharingTo allow other network users to connect to your Mac, you have to turn on file sharing in System Preferences. You may want to create a special file sharing account on your Mac, to maintain the security of your unshared files. You'll need to give these pieces of information to the users who you want to authorize to share your files:

• The IP or Bonjour ((Mac’s auto network discovery feature) address of your Mac

• The user account name on your Mac for which you've turned on file sharing

• The user account password for the file sharing account on your Mac

Note: If you want to use a user account that existed before you installed the latest version of Mac OS X, you may need to reset the password for the account in Accounts preferences.

Before you set up sharing you should choose which folders to share with network users and which permissions they'll have. By default, the Mac administrator account has full read and write access while all others have only read access.

To choose which folders to share:To set specific shared folders and user access, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and click Sharing.

2 Select File Sharing in the list.

3 Click the Add (+) button under Shared Folders to select folders you want other network users to be able to access.

You may want to begin by sharing your Public folder.

4 Click the Add (+) button under Users to choose which users have specific privileges for shared folders.

5 Next to each user to whom you've granted access, click the default Read Only privilege to view other privilege options. You can change users' privileges to Write Only or Read & Write.

6 Give authorized users your computer’s IP or Bonjour address and the user name address and the user name and password they should use to share files with your computer. Your computer’s Bonjour address is visible in the Sharing pane.



Now that you've granted access to users and configured your folder permissions, you can enable file sharing over File Transfer Protocol (FTP) or SMB. Mac OS X uses to share files with Windows users and FTP sharing for non-Windows users. In the following section you'll learn how to enable SMB sharing on your Mac, then you'll learn how to enable FTP sharing.

To enable Personal File sharing for Windows users:To set up Windows file sharing, follow these steps:


2 Select File Sharing in the list, then click Options.

3 Select “Share files and folders using SMB.”

4 Select the checkbox next to the user account that will be used to share files with Windows users, then enter the password for that user and click OK.

To help keep your computer secure, you may want to create a special account for Windows users in Accounts preferences.

Note: Because the passwords of user accounts used for Windows sharing may be stored in a less secure manner, turn off the account when it is not being used. Before you turn off Windows sharing, turn off all the accounts you enabled. Otherwise the passwords are still stored less securely.

5 Click Done.

You've now enabled access to your files for Windows users using the SMB protocol. You may also want to share files with non-Windows computers. For those users you can use your computer’s built-in FTP server to provide an alternate way for people to access your computer.

To enable FTP access to your computer:To turn on FTP access, follow these steps:


2 Select File Sharing in the list, then click Options.

3 Select the “Share files and folders using FTP” checkbox.

When FTP access is turned on, users with accounts on your Mac can access files and folders on it using a web browser or FTP client software.



Note: When users log in or transfer files using FTP, these connections are not encrypted, so they are less secure.

Congratulations, you've enabled Personal File sharing on your Mac for Windows and non-Windows computers. Authorized network users can now access the files and volumes you chose to share.

SummaryIn this section you've learned the steps for sharing files to and from a Mac with network file servers.

Based on what you've learned in this section, you should be able to perform these tasks:

• Access shared files on a network using a Mac via browsing and direct connection.

• Set up folder and user permissions for Personal File sharing.

• Enable Personal File sharing over SMB and FTP on a Mac.

• Provide network users with a user name and password allowing them to access files that are on your Mac.

For Additional InformationThe following resource provides more information about configuring Mac OS X to connect to file servers and share files:

• “Network Services” in Mac OS X Support Essentials v10.6, Peachpit Press, 2010

Email, Calendars, & Contacts

OverviewMac OS X has out-of-the-box support for email, contacts, and calendar using standards-based servers including Microsoft Exchange Server 2007, POP, SMTP and more. Mac OS X Snow Leopard lets you easily connect directly to shared services such as email, calendar invitations, and Global Address Lists. You’ll use Mail, iCal, and Address Book and take advantage of powerful Mac features including Spotlight, Quick Look, data detectors, and more.

In this section, you'll learn how to configure the Mac OS X Mail application to send and receive email via common server types. Then you'll learn how to configure Address Book to access shared contacts. Finally, you'll learn how to configure iCal to access shared calendar services.

EmailIn this section you'll learn how to set up Mac OS X Mail to connect directly to an Exchange server, then you'll learn how to connect to common non-Windows mail servers.

Connecting to an Exchange 2007 ServerTo connect a Mac to an Exchange server, you'll need the following pieces of information from the server administrator:

• The fully qualified domain name for the organization's Client Access Server (CAS), typically expressed in the format: exchange01.example.com.

• The Exchange user name, which is generated by the administrator for each individual user.

• The Exchange password, which is also generated for each user.

Once you have the required information from the server administrator, you can proceed to the next step and configure your Mac for use with Exchange. You can accomplish this either via the Autodiscover service, if it’s been enabled, or manually.

To connect to an Exchange server with Autodiscover enabled:The easiest way to set up Mail, Address Book, and iCal to access Exchange is the Exchange Autodiscover service. If this feature is enabled, simply open the Add Account pane in Mail and enter your Exchange email address and password.

Mail uses the Autodiscover service in Exchange to obtain the relevant information and you can start using Exchange services immediately. If Autodiscover is not enabled on the Exchange Server, use the following steps to manually configure your account.

To manually configure Mail for an Exchange account:To manually configure Mail to connect to an Exchange 2007 server, follow these steps:

1 In Mail, choose Mail > Preferences, then click Accounts.

2 Click the Add (+) button in the lower-left corner to add a new account.

3 Choose Exchange 2007 from the Account Type pop-up menu.



4 Enter a description for the account (for example, Work or Exchange).

5 Enter the fully qualified domain name for the organization's Exchange Client Access Server.

6 Enter the Exchange user name and password provided by the server administrator.

7 Make sure the Address Book and iCal checkboxes are selected to automatically set up those applications.

If you were not able to configure Address Book and iCal automatically during this process, see the upcoming sections for additional manual configuration steps.

Note: To access an Exchange 2007 server with a Mac from outside the organization's network, confirm with the server administrator that port 443 is open and Exchange Web Services (EWS) is enabled.

You've now configured Mail for use with Exchange 2007. You can confirm this by checking your email and sending email to a colleague from your newly enabled Exchange account.

Email with POP and IMAP ServersIf your organization uses a non-Windows server to administer email services you can also easily configure Mail for access. Common mail server protocols include, Post Office Protocol (POP) and Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) which allow client computers to access messages on the mail server, and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) for sending messages. Mac OS X Snow Leopard includes the "Automatically set up account" option. This option configures email settings for many popular email service providers.

Note: If this option is not present, that means the email service provider you have entered is not recognized. Make sure the domain (the part after the "@" symbol) is spelled correctly. If the domain is spelled correctly, you will need to manually configure the account in Mail.

To configure Mail to automatically connect:To automatically configure Mac OS X Mail to connect to common email services, follow these steps:

1 Open Mail.

2 If the "Welcome to Mail" assistant does not appear, choose Add Account from the File menu.

3 Fill in the full name, email address, and password you should have received from your email service provider.

4 Select "Automatically set up account."

5 Click "Create" to complete the process.

To manually configure Mail:Before proceeding with manual email setup, you'll need to obtain your user name, password, account type, security settings, and incoming and outgoing mail servers from your email service provider.

To manually configure Mac OS X Mail to connect to common email services, follow these steps:

1 Open Mail.

2 If the "Welcome to Mail" assistant does not appear, choose File > Add Account.

3 Fill in the full name, email address, and password from your email service provider.

4 Deselect "Automatically set up account" if it is enabled. Click Continue to proceed.

5 Choose the proper Account Type. This is the protocol the email service uses such as IMAP, POP, etc.

6 Give the account a useful description.

7 Enter your Incoming Mail Server, User Name and Password. Click Continue to proceed.

8 If prompted, enter your Incoming Mail Security settings. Click Continue to proceed.

9 For Outgoing Mail Server, choose a useful description.

10 Enter the Outgoing Mail Server details.

11 If necessary, select "Use Authentication" and enter your user name and password. Click Continue to proceed.

12 If prompted, enter your Outgoing Mail Security settings. Click Continue to proceed.

13 Verify your settings in the Account Summary. Check "Take account online."

14 Click "Create" to complete the process.

Congratulations, you've configured Mail for use with a variety of common mail server protocols. You can confirm this by checking your email as well as sending a test email to yourself or a colleague.

ContactsAddress Book contacts can be automatically set up for use with Exchange as part of the Mail configuration steps described in the Email section, but you might need to configure them manually. This may be necessary, for example, if you're not using Mac OS X Mail with Exchange but you still want to synchronize your contacts with Exchange.



To set up an Exchange account in Address Book:To configure Address Book for use with Exchange 2007, follow these steps:

1 Open Address Book, go to Address Book > Preferences and then click the Accounts tab.

2 Click the Add (+) button in the lower-left corner to add an account.

3 Choose Exchange 2007 from the Account Type pop-up menu and enter the Exchange user name and password provided by the server administrator.

4 Click the Create button to create the account and return to the Accounts window.

You've configured Address Book for use with Exchange. Having access to your pre-existing contacts can greatly increase your productivity and ease your transition to the Mac. The next section explains how to configure iCal for use with shared calendar services.

CalendarsiCal on your Mac includes the ability to view real-time availability of co-workers and conference rooms in the Global Address List, and to autocomplete their names when you invite them to meetings. You can also receive and act on meeting invitations in email, and you can send invitations to people outside your organization using email. In this section you'll learn how to set up an Exchange account in iCal. Then you'll learn how to configure iCal for use with other calendar services including Google and Yahoo.

To set up an Exchange account in iCal:iCal can be automatically set up for use with Exchange 2007 as part of the Mail configuration steps described in the Email section, but you might need to do this manually.

1 Open iCal.

2 Choose iCal > Preferences and click Accounts.

3 To add a new account, click the Add (+) button in the lower-left corner.



4 Choose Exchange 2007 from the Account Type pull down menu and enter the Exchange user name and password provided by the server administrator.

To configure iCal for Google Calendar:To use iCal with Google Calendar, you'll first need to sign up for a free Google account. After you've established a Google account and created a calendar, confirm that sharing is enabled in the online calendar settings before proceeding to the following steps.

To configure iCal for use with Google Calendar, follow these steps:

1 Open iCal.

2 Choose iCal > Preferences and click Accounts.

3 To add a new account, click the Add (+) button in the lower-left corner.

4 Choose Google for the account type and enter the email address and password you use to access your Google account.

5 Click the Create button to create the account and return to the Accounts window.

6 Click the Delegation tab and select any desired additional calendars from your Google account.

To configure iCal for Yahoo! Calendar:To use iCal with Yahoo Calendar, you'll first need to sign up for a free Yahoo! account. After you've established a Yahoo! account and created a calendar, confirm that sharing is enabled in the online calendar settings before proceeding to the following steps.

To configure iCal for use with Yahoo! Calendar, follow these steps:

1 Open iCal.

2 Choose iCal > Preferences and click the Accounts tab.

3 Click the Add (+) button in the lower-left corner.



4 Choose Yahoo! for the account type and enter the email address and password you use to access Yahoo! Calendar.

Congratulations, you've configured iCal for use with a variety of standards-based calendar services. Test out the configuration by selecting Calendar > Refresh All, which which initiates a download of the latest versions of all your shared calendars.

SummaryIn this section you learned how to configure a Mac to access server-based mail, calendar, and address book services. Based on what you've learned in this section, you should be able to perform the following tasks:

• Configure the Mac OS X Mail application to send and receive email using various types of mail servers.

• Configure the Address Book application to access shared contacts on an Exchange 2007 server.

• Configure the iCal application to access shared calendar services including Exchange, Google Calendar and Yahoo.

For Additional InformationThe following resource provides more information about configuring Mac OS X to connect to a network server to access mail, calendar, and address book services:

• Additional information about setting up Yahoo email accounts, http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3376.

http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3376

Security

OverviewMac OS X Snow Leopard offers strong, easy to use tools for all key aspects of network and computer security. Strong security is important to maintain at every level including protecting your user data, protecting the Mac system as a whole, and network security. Security is a complex topic and this is not a comprehensive guide, so please consult the additional resources at the end of the section for more information.

In this section you’ll secure your user data by choosing a strong password, configuring your Mac's home folder permissions, and enabling File Vault. Next you’ll protect your Mac system by setting a firmware password and enabling antivirus software. Finally, you'll enable network security by configuring the Mac OS X firewall and VPN access services.

User Account Security

Choosing a PasswordIt’s important for everyone to create strong passwords in a corporate work environment. A weak password can be compromised and allowing access to your Mac, your files, your personal email account as well as sensitive company data. The password you choose is very important for your computer’s security, as it will be used to install software, set up accounts, access the keychain utility, and log onto your computer.

The most secure passwords are created from a combination of random uppercase letters, lowercase letters, special characters (such as $@!#) and numbers. For example, L1quid$m0ke is a good password because it’s a long, easily remembered, uncommon phrase with letters replaced by special characters and numbers.

Snow Leopard includes Password Assistant, an application that analyzes the complexity of a password or generates a complex password for you. You can specify the length and type of password you’d like to generate.

You can choose from the following methods for setting a password:

Manual You enter a password, and then Password Assistant reports the robustness of that password to you on a Quality bar. If the password is weak, Password Assistant offers tips for increasing the quality of the password.

Memorable You adjust the password's Length setting, and then Password Assistant generates a list of memorable passwords in the Suggestion menu.

Letters & Numbers You adjust the password's Length setting, and then Password Assistant generates a list of passwords with a combination of letters and numbers.

Numbers Only You adjust the password's Length setting, and then Password Assistant generates a list of passwords containing only numbers.



Random You adjust the password's Length setting, and then Password Assistant generates a list of passwords containing random characters.

FIPS-181 compliant You adjust the password's Length, and then Password Assistant generates a password that is FIPS-181 compliant (which includes mixed upper and lowercase, punctuation, and numbers). For example, you can create a randomly-generated password or a FIPS-181 compliant password that is 12 characters long.

To use Password Assistant while changing a password:To use Password Assistant, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, click Accounts, and then click the Change Password button.

2 Open the Password Assistant by clicking the key button to the right of the New Password field.

3 From the Type pop-up menu, choose Memorable, Manual, or the type of password that most closely aligns with your company’s security standards.

You can also choose the number of characters you’d like for an automatically generated password by moving the Length slider to the left or right" to the end of the sentence.

4 Click the the Change Password button.

By setting a strong password you've protected your personal data from unauthorized access.

Locking the Computer ScreenIf you want to stay logged in to your computer while you are away from it, but need to prevent others from using it, you can lock the screen. When you return to the computer, type your login name and password to continue working.

To require authentication to wake your computer: 1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, click Security, and then click General.

2 Select “Require password... after sleep or screen saver begins.”

You can adjust the length of the delay before a password is required in the pop-up menu.

People with administrator accounts can use their names and passwords to unlock the screen.

Locking the screen doesn’t prevent other users from turning off the computer and restarting it, and then logging in to their own account. If you think this could happen, be sure to save your work before you leave your computer.

To lock your screen quickly when fast user switching enabled, choose Login Window from the menu with your user name. Your applications will remain open and undisturbed, but your computer will be locked.

Disabling Automatic LoginIf your computer starts up without displaying the login window, it’s set up to log in to a specified user account automatically. When a computer is shared by multiple users, it is best to set up a unique account for each user and disable automatic login. Using separate accounts protects each user's information and makes the computer more secure.



Important: Because automatic login allows anyone to access your Mac simply by restarting it, disable automatic login to keep your computer secure. If automatic login is enabled, make sure the computer does not automatically log in to an account with administrator privileges.

To turn off automatic login: 1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and click Accounts.

2 Click the lock icon to unlock it, and then type an administrator name and password.


4 Choose Off from the “Automatic login” pop-up menu.

The next time you start up your computer, the login window will appear and a user name and password will be required to log in.

FileVaultFileVault stores your home folder in an encrypted disk image. Encryption scrambles the data in your home folder so that unauthorized users, applications, or utilities can’t access your data without your password or the master password.

In this section, you’ll configure FileVault during which you’ll set a master password, a password used to reset the login password of any account. To configure FileVault, you must be logged into an administrator account.

Before you begin, make sure you have enough free space on the hard disk that contains your home folder. You need as least as much free space as your home folder currently occupies. For example, if your home folder uses 20 MB, make sure you have at least 20 MB of available space. This space is needed temporarily during the encryption process.

To set up FileVault:To configure FileVault for enhanced security, follow these steps:

1 Log in with the account you want to protect using FileVault.

Note: FileVault can encrypt the home folder for standard and administrator accounts.

2 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and click Security.

3 Open the FileVault pane of Security preferences.

4 If the Security preferences pane is locked, click the lock icon, and then authenticate as an administrator.



5 If the Security preferences pane shows that a master password hasn’t been set, click Set Master Password, and then type a password in the Master Password field.

The master password is used to reset the login password of any account, even if the account is protected by FileVault.

6 Type the password again in the Verify box.

7 Type a hint in the Hint box to help you remember the password.

WARNING: Don’t forget your master password. If you turn on FileVault and then forget both your login password and your master password, you won’t be able to log in to your account, and your files and settings will be lost forever.

8 Click OK.

9 Click “Turn On FileVault.”

You’ve set up FileVault and secured the contents of your home folder. With FileVault's encryption and a strong master password, your home folder data will be useless to unauthorized users even if they've gained physical access to your computer and hard drive.

System SecuritySecurity goes beyond settings passwords and encrypting data. Mac OS X supports additional methods to secure the system itself. Setting a firmware password helps prevent circumvention of the OS-level security through an unauthorized boot device. Antivirus protection helps insure that any viruses that might come from other operating systems on the network won't threaten your data.

Firmware PasswordYou can configure a firmware password to enable low-level hardware protection for your Mac. A firmware password helps prevent unauthorized users from booting your Mac from an external hard disk, optical disc, or USB key drive. In order to complete this process you’ll need the Snow Leopard Install DVD.

To set a firmware password:To set a firmware password, follow these steps:

1 Log in with an administrator account and open the Firmware Password Utility (located on the Mac OS X installation disc in /Applications/Utilities/).

2 Click the "Require password to change Open Firmware settings" checkbox.

3 Enter a password in the Password and Verify fields.

4 Click OK. A confirmation appears.

5 Click the lock icon to prevent further changes.

You can test your settings by attempting to start up in single-user mode. Restart the Mac while holding down the Command and S keys. If the Mac displays the login window after starting up, changes made by the Firmware Password Utility were successful.

To reset a firmware password:To reset a lost or forgotten Firmware Password, access to the inside of the Mac is required (just like resetting a PC BIOS password requires removing the on-board battery).

To reset a firmware password, follow these steps::

1 Shut down the Mac.

2 Change the memory configuration by adding or removing RAM.

3 Start up the Mac.



This will clear the firmware password.

4 Shut the Mac down again.

5 Return the RAM to its original configuration.

6 Start up the Mac.

Note: For information on recovering a lost firmware password on a MacBook Air (Late 2010), refer to http://support.apple.com/kb/TS3554.

Antivirus ProtectionWith virtually no effort on your part, Mac OS X offers a multilayered system of defenses against viruses and other malicious applications, or malware. For example, it prevents hackers from harming your programs through a technique called “sandboxing” — restricting what actions programs can perform on your Mac, what files they can access, and what other programs they can launch. Other automatic security features include Library Randomization, which prevents malicious commands from finding their targets, and Execute Disable, which protects the memory in your Mac from attacks.

Viruses are uncommon in Mac OS X, but it's good policy to remain vigilant, especially when exchanging files with computers using other operating systems. Regular use of commercial antivirus software such as Norton Antivirus or Intego VirusBarrier can help prevent forwarding of viruses.

Network SecurityIn addition to user account and system security, network security is also very important to organizations. The Mac OS X firewall protects your Mac from unauthorized incoming access from other systems on both a local network and the Internet. The virtual private networking (VPN) service provides a secure method for your computer to remotely access networks.

Mac OS X FirewallThe Mac OS X personal firewall can be used to block unwanted incoming connections to your computer. A firewall protects the services on your computer from other computers on the network or Internet. Services that were turned on in Sharing preferences already appear in the list of services to which other computers can connect. To prevent incoming connections from one of these services, you must turn off the service in Sharing preferences.

To enable the Mac OS X firewall:To enable the Mac OS X firewall, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, and then click Security.

2 Click the Firewall tab.



3 Click the lock in the lower-left corner and enter the administrator user name and password.

4 Click Start to enable the firewall.

To configure advanced firewall options:To enable advanced firewall options, follow these steps while in the Firewall tab:

1 Click Advanced.

2 You'll have 3 advanced firewall options you can choose:

• Select the "Block all incoming connections" checkbox to allow incoming connections for basic Internet functions only. You’ll still be able to check email and browse the web but this mode will prevent all sharing services, such as File Sharing and Screen Sharing found in the Sharing pane of System Preferences, from receiving incoming connections. To use these services, disable this option.

• Select the ”Automatically allow signed software to receive incoming connections” checkbox to allow applications that are already signed by a valid certificate authority to be automatically added to the list of allowed applications, rather than prompting you to authorize them. For example, since iTunes is already signed by Apple, it will automatically be allowed to receive incoming connections through the firewall.

• Select the "Enable stealth mode" checkbox to prevent unauthorized or unexpected incoming probes from receiving a response from your Mac. Your computer will still answer requests coming in for authorized applications, but other unexpected requests, such as network pings from other computers attempting to discover your Mac, will not get a response.

3 Click OK when you’re done making changes to the advanced settings.

You’ve configured your Mac’s built-in firewall service and increased the security of incoming network connections.

Virtual Private NetworkVirtual private network (VPN) access enables you to take advantage of network services while you are offsite, and simultaneously prevents access by unauthorized individuals. Mac OS X supports standards-based L2TP over IPSec, PPTP, and Cisco iPSec protocols to provide encrypted VPN connections with a built-in VPN client. In order to connect to a VPN, you’ll need to obtain the VPN server address, VPN type, VPN account name, and user authentication information from the network administrator.



To set up a VPN connection:To configure a VPN connection, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, and then click Network.

2 Click the Add (+) button at the bottom of the network connection services list, and then choose VPN from the Interface pop-up menu.

3 Choose what kind of VPN connection you want to set up from the VPN Type pop-up menu and give the VPN service a name.

4 Enter the server address and the account name for the VPN connection.

5 Click Authentication Settings, and enter the user authentication information.



6 Click OK, and then click Connect.

7 Select “Show VPN status in menu bar” to use the VPN status icon to connect to the network and switch between VPN services.

You’ve configured your Mac to access a VPN, enabling you to connect remotely to your organization's network while maintaining enhanced security.

SummaryIn this section you’ve learned the steps for securing a Mac at the user data, system and network levels. Based on what you've learned in this section, you should be able to perform the following tasks:

• Enable User Account security for your Mac using strong passwords.

• Configure FileVault and set a master password to prevent unauthorized access to the data within your home folder.

• Set the Mac's firmware password for low-level system protection.

• Configure the Mac OS X firewall to restrict incoming network access to services and data by other computers.

• Configure a Mac to securely access a remote network using the VPN service.

For Additional InformationThe following resources provide more information about Mac security:

• Setting up firmware password protection in Mac OS X, http://support.apple.com/kb/ht1352

• “User Accounts” in Mac OS X Support Essentials v10.6, Peachpit Press, 2010

• “Virtual Private Networks,” Mac OS X Security and Mobility v10.6, Peachpit Press, 2010

• Mac OS X Security Guide for Mac OS X Version 10.6 Snow Leopard, Apple Inc., 2010 at http://www.apple.com/support/security/guides/

Printing

OverviewMac OS X Snow Leopard enables you to quickly connect and share local printers as well as use remote printers on the network. Mac computers can share printing resources with Windows computers with relative ease, making it much easier to ensure that printers can be accessed by multiple platforms.

In this section you'll learn how to configure your Mac to print to a locally connected printer. Then you'll learn how to share the printer with Windows and other network users. Finally, you'll learn how to set up your Mac to connect to network printers using a variety of common printer protocols as well as how to optimize network printers.

Connecting to a USB PrinterBy default, Mac OS X Snow Leopard installs software supporting the printers currently connected to your Mac, nearby printers on your network, and popular printer and scanner models. To print to a locally connected printer, you'll first confirm it’s connected to your computer, and then add it to your list of available printers. For most USB printers, the printer is added to the list automatically when you connect it.

To add a USB printer to your list of printers:To print to a USB printer, first make sure it’s connected to your computer, and then add it to your list of available printers. For most USB printers, the printer is added to the list automatically when you connect it.

1 Follow the instructions that came with the printer to set it up and connect it to your computer.

2 Open a document to print, and then choose File > Print.

3 Open the Printer pop-up menu and choose your printer.


http://support.apple.com/kb/ht1352

http://www.apple.com/support/security/guides/


4 If you don’t see your printer, choose Add Printer, and then click the More Printers button.

If you don’t see the More Printers button, contact your printer’s manufacturer for more information.

5 Choose your printer’s type from the pop-up menu.

For example, if you’re using an Epson USB printer, you may be able to choose Epson USB.

6 In the Printer Name column, select the printer, and then click Add.

To share your printer with Windows users using SMB:You can share your USB printer with networked Windows users over the same SMB/CIFS protocol you use to share files.

To share a printer connected to your Mac, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, and then click Sharing.

2 Select the Printer Sharing checkbox.

3 Select the printers you want to share.

4 Select the File Sharing checkbox.

5 If you don’t want to share a folder, select it in the Shared Folders list, and then press the Delete (-) button below the list.

You can delete all the folders if you only want to share your printer.

6 Click Options.

7 Select “Share files and folders using SMB.”

8 Select the name of the account that will share the printer, and then enter the password for that account.

9 Click the Done button and close the Sharing window.

You've shared your local printer with Windows and other users.



To print to your printer using SMB/CIFS, a user must be logged in to an administrator account on a Windows computer, and then configure an SMB/CIFS network printer to use the PostScript printer driver, even if the printer isn’t a PostScript printer. Your Mac will translate the PostScript data into data that is compatible with the printer. The Windows user should see the Windows documentation for information about adding a network printer.

Printing to a Network PrinterIn addition to connecting to local printers, Mac OS X can easily connect to a variety of popular network printers. Many network printers offer built-in support for Bonjour (Mac’s auto network discovery feature), enabling you to automatically add a network printer using the same steps you used for adding a local printer in the previous section.

To add an IP printer to your list of printers, you need to know the IP address or DNS name of your network printer. You can also enter other helpful information about the printer, such as its location and queue name. In this section you'll first learn how to connect to a shared network printer. Then you'll learn how to work with PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files to get the most out of shared network printer features.

To connect to a network printer with LPR:In mixed operating system organizations, Line Printer Remote (LPR) is one of the most common network printer protocols. You can use Print & Fax preferences to add an LPR printer to a computer’s printer list. Make sure you have the printer's IP address or DNS name before proceeding.

To connect to an IP printer with LPR, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and then click Print & Fax.

2 Click the Add (+) button to add a new printer.

3 Click the IP tab and choose "Line Printer Daemon - LPD" from the Protocol pop-up menu.



4 Enter the printer's host name or IP address in the Address field.

5 Enter the printer's name.

Optionally, you can enter where the printer is located in the Location field.

6 Click the Add button.

7 Open any document and select File > Print.

You should see your new printer listed in the Printer pop-up menu.

To print to a printer shared by a Windows computer:You can also print to a printer connected to a Windows computer if it supports SMB/CIFS. The printer’s owner must set it up to be shared and use only the following characters in the name of the printer and computer: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, !, $, *, (, ), _, +, -, ‘, and . (period). If required, be sure to obtain the printer's user name and password before proceeding.

To connect to a Windows printer with SMB/CIFS, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and then click Print & Fax.

2 Click the Add (+) button to add a new printer.

3 Click the Windows tab.



4 Select the printer from the browser.

5 If prompted, enter the user name and password for the printer.

6 Enter the printer's name and location.

7 Click the Add button.

8 Open any document and select File > Print.

You should see the shared Windows printer listed in the Printer pop-up menu.

Working with PPD filesA PostScript Printer Description (PPD) file contains specialized information about a specific printer model. You need the PPD file to take advantage of a printer’s special features and capabilities. Without the correct PPD file, you can’t do things such as choose from multiple paper trays, use special paper sizes, or print on both sides of the page. Mac OS X comes with PPD files already installed for most popular printers.

When you add a printer, Mac OS X chooses a PPD file for the printer automatically. You can change the PPD file to one that you believe better describes your printer. You can use a PPD that came with Mac OS X or download a PPD from the Internet.

To choose a PPD file:To change the PPD file for a printer you’ve already added, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and click Print & Fax.

2 Select the printer from the list at the left, click Options & Supplies, and then click Driver.

3 From the Print Using pop-up menu, choose one of the following:

• To choose a PPD file that you downloaded, choose “ Other.”

• To choose a PPD file that came with Mac OS X, choose “Select Printer Software.”

4 Choose the PPD file and click OK or Open

5 Make sure the options under the Print Using pop-up menu match your printer’s features, and then click OK.

SummaryIn this section you've learned the different ways you can use a Mac with local and network printers. Mac OS X includes full support for most popular printers. You can usually add a USB printer just by connecting it to your Mac. Connecting to shared network printers, including Windows printers is also simple and intuitive. Windows users can print to a USB printer shared over a network by a Mac using Mac OS X's built-in printer sharing capabilities. Based on what you've learned in this section, you should be able to perform the following tasks:

• Configure a Mac to print to a USB printer.

• Share a local printer with network and Windows users.

• Configure a Mac to print to a network or Windows printer.

• Configure a PPD file for use with a network printer.

For Additional InformationThe following resources provide more information about printing documents with a Mac:

• “Peripherals and Printing” in Mac OS X Support Essentials v10.6, Peachpit Press, 2010

• Enterprise Printing with Mac OS X at http://images.apple.com/business/solutions/it/docs/ L418078A-US_Enterprise_Printing_with_Mac_OS_X_Technical_White_Paper-1.pdf

• Print Server Administration Version 10.6 Snow Leopard, Apple Inc., 2010 at http://images.apple.com/server/macosx/docs/Print_Server_Admin_v10.6.pdf


http://images.apple.com/business/solutions/it/docs/L418078A-US_Enterprise_Printing_with_Mac_OS_X_Technical_White_Paper-1.pdf

http://images.apple.com/business/solutions/it/docs/L418078A-US_Enterprise_Printing_with_Mac_OS_X_Technical_White_Paper-1.pdf

http://images.apple.com/server/macosx/docs/Print_Server_Admin_v10.6.pdf


Instant Messaging

OverviewOrganizations use instant messaging to to keep local and remote team members and leaders in contact with each other. iChat is the Mac OS X instant text messaging application which includes support for MobileMe, .Mac, AIM, Jabber, and Google Talk accounts. Your instant message appears in a window on your colleague’s screen almost as soon as you send it, so your colleague can respond right away. You can use iChat to send files to people across the Internet or on your local network. You can also set up audio and video chats to keep in touch with colleagues around the world.

iChat supports the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) protocol (also known as Jabber), enabling it to communicate directly with a variety of popular messaging services. It also supports Bonjour for automatically discovering fellow iChat users on your organization's network. iChat supports the high quality H.264/AVC codec for video chats.

In this section you'll learn how to set up a Mac for instant messaging with iChat and MobileMe. Then you'll learn how to use iChat with other popular instant messaging services like AIM, Jabber, and Google Talk.

Configuring iChatThe MobileMe service enables you to exchange instant messages using iChat with other MobileMe and .Mac users. You'll also be able to communicate with users of America Online Instant Messenger (AIM).

To set up iChat:To set up iChat for instant messaging with MobileMe, follow these steps:

1 Open iChat from the Dock or the Applications folder

2 Choose iChat > Preferences and then click Accounts.

3 Click the Add (+) button.



4 Choose MobileMe from the Account Type menu.

5 If you don't have a MobileMe account already, click the "Get an iChat Account" button to sign up for one.

6 Enter your MobileMe account name and password.

7 Click Done.

iChat should connect to the iChat service and you may see contacts with AIM or iChat accounts from your Address Book already listed in your Buddies list. If you don't have any contacts with AIM or iChat accounts, your Buddy list will be empty.

You've configured iChat for instant messaging with MobileMe, enabling you to stay in touch with your colleagues in the same building or anywhere in the world.

Other Instant Messaging ServicesIn this section, you'll configure iChat for use with a variety of other instant messaging services, such as AIM, Jabber, and Google Talk.

To configure an AIM account in iChat:To set up iChat for instant messaging with AIM, follow these steps:

1 Open iChat from the Dock or the Applications folder.

2 Choose Preferences > Accounts and click the Add (+) button.



3 Choose AIM from the Account Type menu.

4 If you don't have an AIM account already, click the "Get an iChat Account" button to sign up for one. You'll be taken to the AOL website.

5 Enter your AIM Screen Name and password and click Done.

iChat should log into the iChat service and you'll see contacts with AIM or iChat accounts from your Address Book automatically listed in your Buddies list.

To configure a Jabber account in iChat:A Jabber account can be configured to work with users of additional instant messaging services such as Yahoo! Messenger, MSN Messenger and ICQ. For more information on enabling your Jabber account for use with these messaging systems, visit www.jabber.com. Your organization may also have its own Jabber server.

To configure iChat for use with Jabber users, follow these steps:




http://www.jabber.com


3 Choose Jabber from the Account Type menu.

4 If you don't have a Jabber account already, visit www.jabber.com to sign up for one.

5 Enter your Jabber account name and password.

6 If required, click the disclosure triangle next to Server Options and enter the Server and Port you received with your Jabber registration.

7 Click Done.

Try adding other Jabber contacts to your Buddies list with Buddies > Add a Buddy to confirm that the account is working.

To configure a Google Talk account in iChat:To set up iChat for instant messaging with Google Talk, follow these steps:





3 Choose Google Talk from the Account Type menu.

4 If you don't have a Google Talk account already, visit www.google.com to sign up for one.

5 Enter your Google account and password and click Done.

Try adding Google Talk contacts to your Buddies list with Buddies > Add a Buddy to confirm that the account is working.

SummaryIn this section you've learned how to use instant messaging with your Mac, allowing you to collaborate instantly with your colleagues. iChat offers support for leading messaging services such as MobileMe and AIM. It can also be used with a variety of additional popular services such as Jabber and Google Talk. Mac OS X's comprehensive messaging support ensures you'll be able to communicate instantly with your colleagues regardless of which operating system or messaging service they use.

Based on what you've learned in this section, you should be able to perform the following tasks:

• Configure iChat instant messaging for use with MobileMe.

• Configure iChat for use with other messaging services like AIM, Jabber, and Google Talk.

For Additional InformationThe following resource provides more information about instant messaging with a Mac:

• Helpful iChat articles and information, http://support.apple.com/kb/ht2008/

Data Management and Backup

OverviewWhen you switch from a Windows computer to a Mac, you can transfer over many of your PC files and use them just like you did before. Common Windows file formats including text and PDF documents, images, audio and video files can be easily opened in Mac OS X. The first step is migrating your files from the Windows machine to your Mac.

In addition to migrating your data, it's also important to protect your data. You should make regular backups of your system and keep multiple backups of important files. Your organization may have a specific backup policy you should adhere to, but even if it doesn't, a personal backup strategy is always a good practice.

In this section you'll learn how to migrate your Windows data to a Mac through various transfer methods. Then you'll learn how to set up a backup strategy to protect your important data from potential loss.

Migrating Data from Windows to a MacYou can copy files from your PC onto external or removable storage media and then use the media in your Mac. You can also send Windows files to your Mac over the Internet via email or connect the Mac and PC together through a network and use file sharing.


http://support.apple.com/kb/ht2008/


Copying Files to External StorageAn external storage device or disc is useful for migrating a large amount of data from a Windows computer to your Mac. If your Windows computer has a CD or DVD drive, or a USB port, choose from these options:

• Copy the files from the PC to an external hard drive or storage device, then reconnect the drive to your Mac and transfer the files to your Mac hard drive. Make sure the disk is initially formatted on the PC. Your Mac can read disks natively formatted on a Windows computer, but not vice-versa.

• Burn the files to a CD or DVD on your PC, and then use the discs in your Mac to transfer the files to your computer’s hard drive.

Migrating Files Via EmailIf you have 5 MB or less of of data to transfer from your Windows computer, you can send it over email.

To migrate files via email:Follow these steps to migrate files from from a Windows computer to your Mac via email:

1 Create zip files for larger groups of files on the PC.

2 Mail all of your desired files from Windows to yourself.

3 Pick up the files you emailed using Mail on the Mac.

Backing Up DataFrequent backing up is the best way to protect your data against loss that may occur as a result of hardware failure, user error, data corruption, or even equipment theft. Mac OS X Snow Leopard includes Time Machine, an application that can automatically back up your system and your important, irreplaceable files to a hard disk or network volume.

Backing Up Data with Time MachineTime Machine has an intuitive interface for restoring your files or your entire system. In its default configuration, Time Machine keeps an up-to-date copy of the important data on your Mac—applications, digital photos, music, movies, documents, etc. You can easily go "back in time" to restore files if you ever need to. Some file types are ignored by Time Machine by default, such as Safari caches and certain basic system files.

Setting up Time Machine is as easy as connecting an external USB, FireWire, or eSata hard drive to your Mac. You can also use a secondary internal disk if your desktop Mac has one (that is, a disk that your Mac computer doesn't use as a startup disk).

To configure Time Machine:To set up Time Machine for the first time, follow these steps:

1 Connect a FireWire or USB hard drive to the computer.

If you haven't specified a backup disk yet, Time Machine asks if you would like to use the newly connected disk as a backup drive.

2 Click "Use as Backup Disk" to confirm you want to use the disk for Time Machine backups.

Time Machine preferences will then open with this disk selected as your backup device.

That's all you have to do for Time Machine to automatically back up your Mac. The first backup may take a while. You may want to set up Time Machine in the evening so that the initial backup can be done overnight. By default, Time Machine keeps hourly backups for the past 24 hours, daily backups for the past month, and weekly backups until your backup drive is full.



To manually select a Time Machine backup disk:You can manually select a Time Machine backup disk with the following steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and then click Time Machine.

2 Click "Select Backup Disk."

All suitable volumes, other than your startup disk, will be listed.

3 Choose a disk where backups will be stored, then click “Use for Backup.”

Alternate Backup MethodsIn addition to hard drives, you can also use alternate methods to back up your data, including backing up to a networked server or to a cloud-based service such as MobileMe.

To back up to a server:To back up to a disk on a network, the network server must use Apple File Protocol (AFP) file sharing and both your computer and the network backup disk should have Mac OS X 10.5.6 or later installed. To make the network server available to Time Machine, make sure you have mounted it as a shared volume on your Mac with the Go > Connect to Server command from the Finder before proceeding.

To back up to a network server, follow these steps:

1 Choose Apple menu > System Preferences and then click Time Machine.

2 Click "Select Backup Disk."

3 Choose a network server where backups will be stored, then click “Use for Backup.”



An alternate method can be used if you have a network home folder set up at your organization. Any files you store in your network home folder will get backed up, since the server’s files get backed up as network home folders reside on the server, not on your local drive.

To back up to MobileMe:As a MobileMe subscriber, you can use the application "Backup" to back up important files in your Home folder, such as files/folders on your desktop, or in your Documents, Movies, Music, and Pictures folders. If you don't have Backup installed, you can download it to your Mac from your iDisk's Software folder.

Note: MobileMe Backup isn't intended for backing up your entire hard drive or files that aren't within your home folder. Usually, your home folder is where your most important files are. Mac OS X and third-party applications can be reinstalled from original discs or source image files if necessary.

SummaryIn this section you learned about data management and how to migrate your files from a Windows computer in a variety of ways. You also learned how to back up your information with your Mac and protect against data loss and potential financial risk. Time Machine makes the process highly intuitive.


• Migrate data from a Windows computer to your Mac using external storage, email or file sharing.

• Migrate data from a Windows computer to your Mac using other methods.

• Configure Time Machine for use with an external hard drive.

• Back up data on a regular basis with Time Machine.

• Back up data to a server or to cloud-based services such as MobileMe.

For Additional InformationThe following resources provide more information about data management and backup with a Mac:

• Mac 101: Time Machine, http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1427

• Switch 101: Migrate your files or your Windows system, http://support.apple.com/ kb/HT2518

• MobileMe: Backup troubleshooting tips, http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1716




http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1716

Cross-platform Compatibility

OverviewMac OS X enables you to seamlessly integrate your Mac into Windows and mixed operating system network environments. You can use Microsoft Office, connect to most printers and cameras, join PC networks, and even run and even run Windows on your Mac. With Snow Leopard, the Mac is the only computer with built-in support for the latest version of Microsoft Exchange Server. So you can use your Mac with all the features and applications you love—at home and at work, and have all your messages, meetings, and contacts in one place.

A native version of Microsoft Office is available for Mac OS X, and it features a Mac-friendly interface that lets you create documents with Word, presentations with PowerPoint, and spreadsheets with Excel just like on a Windows PC. Your Mac is compatible with Microsoft Office for Windows, so you can easily share documents with friends and colleagues. Even if you don’t have Office installed on your Mac, you can use Quick Look to take a peek at Office documents without having to open an application. Mac OS X also offers OS-level support for key file types like PDF, TXT, JPEG, PNG and even PSD.

Every new Mac lets you install Windows operating systems such as Vista and Windows 7 and run them at native speeds, using a built-in utility called Boot Camp. Setup is simple and safe for your Mac files. After you’ve completed the installation, you can start up your Mac using either Mac OS X or Windows. Or if you want to run Windows and Mac applications at the same time without restarting, you can install Windows within Mac OS X using VMware or Parallels software.

In this section you'll learn about applications available for both Mac and Windows. You'll also learn about Mac applications with built-in support for Windows files. Then you'll learn how to set up your Mac to run Windows operating systems natively with Boot Camp, and virtually with VMware Fusion and Parallels Desktop.

Cross-platform CompatibilityYou can work with Windows files within Mac OS X using applications that are available for both operating systems. Alternatively, many Mac-only applications can import files formatted with Windows file formats.

Cross-platform applicationsSoftware developers offer versions of their applications for both Windows and Mac OS X, in consideration of the mixed operating system environments deployed by many organizations.



Available cross-platform productivity applications include:

• Microsoft Office, including Word, Excel, Entourage, Messenger and PowerPoint

• Adobe Acrobat, Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign, After Effects, Premiere Pro

• QuickBooks from Intuit

• FileMaker

Cross-platform file typesMany native Mac applications can import files created in Windows. They also let you view the most common file types, including Office documents, PDFs, images, text files, MP3s, videos, ZIP files, and more.

Mac applications with support for Windows files include:

• Pages can import Microsoft Word and most other Windows text formats.

• Numbers can import Excel as well as Open Financial Exchange files from Quicken, comma-separated-value and tab-delimited files.

• Keynote can import PowerPoint presentations.

• Any QuickTime-compatible application can import .AVI video and .WAV audio files.

Running Windows on a MacAn Intel-based Mac uses the same processor as computers running Windows, enabling it to directly run Windows software in a variety of ways. You can boot Windows operating systems natively on a Mac by installing Apple's Boot Camp software, which is included with Mac OS X. You can also run Windows directly in Mac OS X with virtualization applications such as VMware Fusion and Parallels Desktop, which create virtual Windows machines running on your Mac desktop. In this section you'll learn how to configure Boot Camp and then learn about virtualization.

Boot CampYou can run the Windows operating system on your Mac at native speed with Boot Camp. Windows applications have full access to multiple processors and multiple cores, accelerated 3D graphics, and high-speed ports and networking such as USB, FireWire, Wi-Fi, AirPort, and Gigabit Ethernet. Boot Camp drivers for Windows that let you use these features are on the Mac OS X installation DVD, as well as drivers for audio and Bluetooth. The drivers are automatically installed when you insert the disc into your Mac after installing Windows. In addition to your installation DVD, you'll also need a Windows installation disc with the version of Windows that you want to use.

To set up Boot Camp:To set up Windows with Boot Camp, follow these steps:

1 Log in to an administrator account on your computer, quit all open applications, and log out any other users.

2 Open Boot Camp Assistant (located in /Applications/Utilities/) and follow the onscreen instructions.

Next you'll create a partition for Windows.

3 Set the size of your Windows partition.

Refer to your Windows installer documentation to help you determine the best partition size for your system.



4 Click Partition.

Boot Camp Assistant creates the new Windows partition. Your original Mac OS partition, with all your software and information, remains intact. You can use Boot Camp Assistant later to remove the partition if you want to restore the disk to a single-partition Mac OS X volume.

5 Select “Start the Windows installer.”

6 If you are using a computer with more than one internal disk, select the disk on which you want to install Windows, and then click Continue.

7 Insert your Windows installation disc and click Start Installation.

Your Mac will start up from the Windows installation disc. Follow the onscreen instructions.

8 Select a Windows partition.

For Windows XP, Select “C: Partition3 <BOOTCAMP> [FAT32].” For Windows Vista Select “Disk 0 Partition 3 BOOTCAMP.”

9 Format the Windows partition.

• For Windows XP, choose NTFS for better reliability and security, though you will not be able to save files to the Windows partition from Mac OS X. Choose FAT for a partition writable by Mac OS X, though limited to 32GB.

• For Windows Vista/7, click “Drive options (advanced).” Click Format, then click OK and then Next. (Windows Vista and Windows 7 require NTFS.)

Note: Mac OS X includes support for reading and writing to FAT partitions, but can only read NTFS partitions.

Next, you'll install Mac-specific drivers and other software for Windows using your Mac OS X Snow Leopard installation disc.

10 Eject the Windows installation disc and insert your Mac OS X installation DVD.

11 Follow the onscreen instructions. Your Mac should restart and Windows will launch a Found New Hardware Wizard. Follow the instructions for any other wizards that appear.

Once you’ve installed Windows and the Boot Camp drivers, you can start using Windows on your Mac. Boot Camp makes it easy to start up your computer using either Mac OS X or Windows. You can set the default operating system for your computer using Startup Disk preferences (Mac OS X) or the Boot Camp control panel (Windows). You can also select an operating system as your computer is starting up.

VirtualizationIf you only need to run Windows applications occasionally or you don't require the increased performance of Boot Camp, virtualization offers instant access to Windows without having to leave Mac OS X. VMware Fusion and Parallels Desktop are two popular 3rd party Windows virtualization solutions.

VMware FusionTo download and purchase VMware Fusion, visit http://www.vmware.com/products/fusion/. In addition to a copy of the Fusion application with a valid serial number, you'll also need a full-install Windows installation disc with the Windows version you want to use.

VMware Fusion installs Windows, which can take up to 45 minutes. After installing Windows, VMware Fusion installs VMware Tools and powers on the virtual machine. You'll then be able to install and run Windows applications natively without leaving your Mac OS X desktop.

Parallels DesktopTo download and purchase Parallels Desktop, visit http://www.parallels.com/products/desktop/. In addition to a copy of the Desktop application with a valid serial number, you'll also need a full-install Windows installation disc of the Windows version you want to use.



SummaryIn this section you've learned about your Mac's cross-platform compatibility, enabling you to work seamlessly with Windows users. Many Windows programs like Microsoft Word and Adobe Photoshop are also available for the Mac. Mac OS X applications like iWork offer support for common Windows file formats. You can run Windows natively on a Mac via Boot Camp or in a window in Mac OS X with virtualization applications like VMware Fusion and Parallels Desktop.


• List applications that are available on both Windows and Mac OS X.

• List native Mac applications that support Windows file formats.

• Configure a Mac to run Windows natively with Boot Camp.

• List 3rd party virtualization options for running Windows.

For Additional InformationThe following resources provide more information about using Windows files and applications with a Mac:

• Boot Camp Installation & Setup Guide, Apple Inc., 2010 at http://manuals.info.apple.com/en/boot_camp_install-setup.pdf

• Mac 101: Using Windows on your Mac via Boot Camp, http://support.apple.com/ kb/HT1461

• “Applications and Boot Camp,” Mac OS X Support Essentials v10.6, Peachpit Press, 2010

http://manuals.info.apple.com/en/boot_camp_install-setup.pdf



Mac Integration Basics ExamAdd Apple Certified Associate - Mac Integration 10.6 to your credentials. Instructions for taking the online exam are at: http://training.apple.com/itpro/macinteg/exam.

Mac OS X Training & CertificationApple offers comprehensive certification programs for IT professionals in business, education, and other fields. Review the Apple Training and Apple Certification options below to find the path best suited to your goals.

Mac OS X CoursesCourses are taught by Apple Certified Trainers through a worldwide network of Apple Authorized Training Centers (AATCs).

Mac OS X Support Essentials 10.6: Provides an intensive and in-depth exploration of troubleshooting on Mac OS X, touring the breadth of functionality of Mac OS X systems.

Mac OS X Server Essentials 10.6: Gives technical coordinators and entry-level system administrators the knowledge to implement a Mac OS X Server-based system.

Mac OS X Directory Services 10.6: Teaches the skills to configure Mac OS X computers to access directory services, and to configure Mac OS X Server to provide directory services in a mixed-platform environment.

Mac OS X Deployment 10.6: Focuses on solutions for deploying and maintaining software, from the installation of individual files to the deployment of complete system images to multiple computers.

Mac OS X Security and Mobility 10.6: Teaches the skills to configure Mac OS X Server to provide network services so mobile computers and devices such as the iPhone can access private networks and services in a secure manner.

3Additional Resources


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Mac OS X CertificationsApple's Mac OS X Certifications are designed for IT professionals who:

• Support Mac OS X users in a business, education institution or school district

• Manage networks of Mac OS X systems in an organization — for example, a teacher or a technology specialist who manages classroom networks or computer labs

• Manage complex, multi-platform networks that include Mac OS X systems

Apple Certified Associate - Mac Integration certification verifies an understanding of the different ways to integrate a Mac within a Windows or other standards- based network.

Apple Certified Support Professional (ACSP) is next on the Mac OS X certification path, validating basic Mac OS X support and troubleshooting skills.

Apple Certified Technical Coordinator (ACTC) certification builds on ACSP by certifying essential Mac OS X Server support and troubleshooting skills.

Apple Certified System Administrator (ACSA) is Apple's premier Mac OS X certification, endorsing the skills of professional system administrators and engineers who manage networks of systems in complex multi-platform deployments.

Technical professionals who specialize in particular aspects of system administration can earn Apple Certified Specialist certifications in Directory Services, Deployment, and Security and Mobility.

For more information about all available Apple Certifications, visit http://training.apple.com.

BooksThe Apple Training Series books constitute a key part of Apple's official curriculum, covering Mac OS X and Mac OS X Server. These books offer an independent approach to training and certification, guiding students step-by-step through real world projects. The books are also excellent references for providing assistance with performing specific tasks and technologies.

There are five titles in the Apple Training Series, written for IT support and system administration personnel:

• Mac OS X Support Essentials v10.6

• Mac OS X Server Essentials v10.6

http://training.apple.com

• Mac OS X Directory Services v10.6

• Mac OS X Deployment v10.6

• Mac OS X Security and Mobility v10.6

For more information about the books, visit Peachpit Press at http://www.peachpit.com.

SupportIn addition to the AppleCare Product Plans, Apple provides online support at http://www.apple.com/support where you can access technical articles, download manuals, and join discussion forums.

The Apple Support site also provides some online training materials for those who are new to Mac OS X:

Switch 101: Learn how to get around and access everything on your Mac; find out how to move your old PC files to the Mac OS environment; figure out how to connect your printer, iPod, digital camera, or other device; learn how to do those tasks you did on a PC on a Mac; learn how to use the software that came with your Mac; or even find out what to do when things don't go as planned. Switch 101 is located online at http://www.apple.com/support/switch101/

Mac 101: Learn how to get around your Mac desktop (or find out what a desktop is, for that matter); figure out how to connect your printer, iPod, digital camera, or other device; discover email and the Internet; learn how to do various tasks; learn how to use the software that came with your Mac; or even find out what to do when things don't go as planned. Mac 101 is located online at http://www.apple.com/support/mac101/

74 Chapter 3 Additional Resources

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