machine design calc

7/25/2019 Machine Design Calc

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M236 MACHINE DESIGN EXCEL SPREAD SHEETS Rev. 9 Mar 09Copy write, Machine Design Spreadsheet Calculations by John R Andrew, 6 July 2006

Backhoe Abo e is the i!age in its original conte"t on the page#

www$chester%ieldgroup$co$u&'products'!obile$ht!l

MACHINE DESIGNTh ! " PDH #ach $e %e! &$ co'r!e '!e! E(ce)*! ca)c')a+ $& a$%

o,+ # - $& ca,a ) + e!. Mach $e %e! &$ $c)'%e!/($ A description o% the needed !achine in a written speci%ication$

2$ )easibility studies co!paring alternate designs and %ocused research$

*$ +reli!inary s&etches, scale CAD drawings, !aterials selection, appearanceand styling$

-$ )unctional analysis strength, sti%%ness, ibration, shoc&, %atigue,te!perature, wear, lubrication$ Custo!er endurance and !aintenance costesti!ate$

.$ +roducibility !achine tools, /oining !ethods, !aterial supply and handling,

!anual s auto!ated !anu%acture$

6$ Cost to design and !anu%acture one or !ore !odels in s!all and largeuantities$

1$ Mar&et place# present co!petition and li%e e"pectancy o% the product$

$ Custo!er ser ice syste! and %acilities$

3$ 4utsource part or all engineering, !anu%acturing, sales, warehousing,custo!er ser ice$


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S+re$&+h a$% S+ $e!! A$a)1! !5he strength and sti%%ness analysis o% the bac&hoe begins with a, )ree 7odyDiagra! o% one o% the !e!bers, shown abo e #

)orce )( 8 9ydraulic pressure " piston area$

:eight : 8 ar! !aterial olu!e " density$

)orce )* 8 ;Mo!ents due to )( and :< ' ;=( " cos A- ;: sin A*< ? ;)* cos A-< < ' cos A2

Mo!ent M!a" 8 )( " cos A( " =(

Ar! applied bending stress, S 8 @ " M!a" D2 ' ;2 pac&aging>!achinI

A'+o#a+e% Packa& $& Mach $e5he relati ely high cost o% labor in the nited States re uires auto!ated!anu%acturing and asse!bly to be price and uality co!petiti e in the world!ar&et$ 5he product pac&aging !achine abo e is one e"a!ple$

A'+o#o )e I$%e,e$%e$+ 4ro$+ S'!,e$! o$ Abo e is the i!age in its original conte"t on the page#www$hyundai$co$in'tucson'tucson$aspKpageLa!e8$$$

Coil springs absorb shoc& loads on bu!ps and rough roads in the %rontsuspension abo e$ Double acting shoc& absorbers da!pen suspensionoscillations$ 7all /oints in the lin&age pro ide swi eling action that allows thewheel and a"le asse!bly to pi ot while !o ing up and down$ 5he lower ar!

pi ots on a bushing and sha%t asse!bly attached to the %ra!e cross !e!ber$5hese co!ponents are applied in !any other !echanis!s$

S,'r Gear!7elow is the i!age in its original conte"t on the page#www$used!ills$net'!achinery>e uip!ent'%eed'

Select the, ears tab at the botto! o% the N"cel :or&sheet%or !ore in%or!ation about spur gears$


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5hee) a$% 5or# Gear!5ypical, C>%ace wor! gearbo" below$ C>%ace re%ers to the round %lange usedto attach a !ating !otor %lange$ :or! gears o%%er higher gear ratios in as!aller pac&age than any other !echanis!$ A -0 to ( ratio increases tor ueby a %actor o% -0 while reducing wor! gear output sha%t speed to ('-0 " inputspeed$

5he wor! !ay ha e a single, double, or !ore thread$ 5he a"ial pitch o% thewor! is e ual to the circular pitch o% the wheel$ Select the, ears tab at thebotto! o% the N"cel :or&sheet %or !ore in%or!ation about wor! gears$


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Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! ork!hee+.

5or# &ear Abo e is the i!age in its original conte"t on the page#

www$global>b2b>networ&$co!'b2b'(1'2.'1.('gear$$$

La!er 7e+ Pr $+er Abo e is the i!age in its original conte"t on the page#news$tho!asnet$co!'%ullstory'.*(. 3

5he co!puteriBed printer abo e has !any !o ing parts# lin&ages, gears,sha%ts, bushings, bearings, etc, %or !anipulating sheets o% paper$ 5he designand analysis o% the light weight plastic co!ponents o% such a printer re uiresthe sa!e principals as do !any hea y duty !achines with steel and alu!inu!parts$

4bser ance o% %unctional uality control in the design stage has i!pro ed theirreliability in recent years$


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MACHINE DESIGN EXCEL SPREAD SHEETS

O Machine co!ponents are designed to withstand# applied direct %orces, !o!ents and torsion$O 5hese loads !ay be applied gradually, suddenly, and repeatedly$O 5he design load is e ual to the applied load !ultiplied by a co!bined shoc& and %atigue %actor, @sO 5he a erage applied design stress !ust be !ultiplied by a stress concentration %actor @$O Calculated de%lections are co!pared with re uired sti%%ness$O 5he !aterial strength is co!pared with the !a"i!u! stress due to co!binations o% anticipated lo

Ma+h S1# o)!A ( B 8 A B A : B 8

S,rea% Shee+ Me+ho%/ 2 ( 3 8 2 3 3 : 2 8;. T1,e $ va)'e! or +he $,'+ %a+a. 8 6 82. E$+er.

A < B 8 A < B2 < 3 8 2 < 3

8 = 8:hen using N"celPs oal See&, unprotect the spread sheet by selecting#Dro, %o $ #e$'/ Too)! > Pro+ec+ o$ > ?$,ro+ec+ Shee+ > @:hen N"celPs oal See& is not needed, restore protection with#Dro, %o $ #e$'/ Too)! > Pro+ec+ o$ > Pro+ec+ Shee+ > @

TENSI@N AND C@MPRESSI@NA! !ho $ e)o < P 8 Te$! o$

P 8 Co#,re!! o$

5wo !achine co!ponents, shown abo e, are sub/ected to loads + at each end$5he %orce + is resisted by internal stress S which is not uni%or!$

At the hole dia!eter D and the %illet radius R stress is * ti!es the a erage alue$5his is true %or tension ?+ and co!pression >+$

Copy write, Machine Design Spreadsheet Calculations by John R Andrew, 6 July 2006

*$A$! er/ X 8 )) e ca)c')a+e%. X$ 8-$ Auto!atic calculations are o)% +1,e $ 23 8

Re%erence# DesignMachine Nle!ents)aires, publishedMac!illan Co!pa

or&'Collier>Mac!i=i!ited, =ondon, N


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Mach $e Co#,o$e$+ Ma( #'# S+re!! Ca)c')a+ o$ ?!e / D:H > 0.= or R:Re er +o +he % a&ra# a ove/ I$,'+

2000 lb%Section height, 9 8 *$. inSection width, 7 8 0$. in

4riginal length, = 8 . inStress concentration %actor, @ 8 *$0 >

Co!bined shoc& and %atigue %actor, @s 8 *$0 >Ca)c')a+ o$!

Sec+ o$ area A 8 H B 8 ;. = $ 2

Ma( #'# % rec+ !+re!! S#a( 8 ! P : A 8 ;02"6 ) : $ 2

Sa e+1 ac+or S4 8 Sa : S#a(8 2.;F

Ma+er a) E ( ;0 6 ) : $ 2 G ( ;0 6Bra!! ;=.0 =."0

Bro$-e ;6.0 6.=0ASTM AF =2 Ma))ea )e Ca!+ Iro$ 2=.0 ;0. 0

D'ra)'# $ ;0.= F.00Mo$e) Me+a) 26.0 ;0.00

ASTM A 36 M )% S+ee) 29.0 ;;.=0N cke) Chro#e S+ee) 2".0 ;;."0

I$,'+5ension ; ? < Co!pression ; >


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8 0.0003F $

I$,'+2200 lb%

Section height, 9 8 *$.00 inSection width, 7 8 ($2.0 in

Shear !odulus, 8 ((.0000 lb%'inQ2=ength, = 8 (2 in

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ area A 8 H B

A 8 F.3 = $ 2Shear !+re!! co$ce$+ra+ o$ ac+or k 8 ;.=

Ma( #'# !hear !+re!! S(1 8 k P : A 8 =F ) : $ 2

Shear !+ra $ e 8 4! : G 8 0.00066

Shear %e )ec+ o$ v 8 e L 8 0.00 9 $

N"ternal shear %orce, + 8

Shear S+re!! D !+r '+ o$ A stress ele!ent at the center o% thebea! reacts to the ertical load + with a

ertical up shear stress ector at theright end and down at the other$ 5his isbalanced by horiBontal right acting topand le%t acting botto! shear stress

ectors$ A stress ele!ent at the top orbotto! sur%ace o% the bea! cannot ha ea ertical stress ector$ 5he shear stressdistribution is parabolic$

Re%erence# Mechanical NngineeringRe%erence Manual ;%or the +N e"a!


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SHEAR STRESS IN R@?ND SECTI@N BEAMRe er +o +he % a&ra# a ove/

So) % !ha +!/ 8 ;.= % 8 0.Th $ a)) +' e!/ 8 2.0 % ! $o+ -ero. I$,'+

-000 lb%Section outside dia!eter, D 8 ($.00 in

Section inside dia!eter, d 8 0$000 inShear stress concentration %actor, & 8 ($** >

Shear !odulus, 8 ($(.N?06 lb%'inQ2=ength, = 8 . in

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ area A 8 J D 2 % 2 : F

A 8 ;. 6 F $ 2Ma( #'# !hear !+re!! 4! 8 k P : A

4! 8 30;0 ) : $ 2 Shear !+ra $ e 8 4! : G

e 8 0.00262Shear %e )ec+ o$ v 8 e L

v 8 0.0;3; $

C@MP@?ND STRESS

N"ternal shear %orce, + 8

S+re!! E)e#e$+

5he stress ele!ent right is at the point o% interest inthe !achine part sub/ected to operating# %orces,!o!ents, and tor ues$

D rec+ S+re!!e! #9oriBontal, ?)" 8 tension, >)" 8 co!pression$Fertical, ?)y 8 tension, >)y 8 co!pression$

Shear !+re!!/Shear stress, S"y 8 nor!al to " and y planes$

Pr $c ,a) S+re!! P)a$e/5he ector su! o% the direct and shear stresses,called the principal stress )(, acts on the principalplane angle A degrees, see right$ 5here is Beroshear %orce on a principal plane$ Angle A !ay becalculated %ro! the e uation#

Ta$ 2A 8 2 ( S(1 : 41 4(


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PRINCIPAL STRESSES Pr $c ,a) !+re!! 4; 8 4(


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Fertical %orce, F 8 600 lb% 5orsion, 5 8 2000 in>lb%

Cantile er length, = 8 (0 inDia!eter, D 8 2 in

Pro,er+ e! a+ !ec+ o$ A B Ca)c')a+ o$J 8 3.;F;6 >

Area A 8 J D 2 : FA 8 3.;F2 $ 2

Sec+ o$ #o#e$+ o $er+ a I 8 J D F : 6FI 8 0. "=F $ F

Po)ar #o#e$+ o $er+ a 7 8 J D F : 327 8 ;.= 0" $ F

AT P@INT OAOHor -o$+a) % rec+ !+re!! 4% 8 H : A

4% 8 9== ) : $ 2Be$% $& !+re!! 4 8 M c : I

4 8 639 ) : $ 2Co# $e% % rec+ a$% e$% $& 4( 8 H:A < M c : I

4( 8 "=9F ) : $ 2D rec+ !+re!! %'e +o O O 41 8 0 ) : $ 2Tor! o$a) !hear !+re!! S(1 8 T D : 2 : 7

S(1 8 ;2 3 ) : $ 2

Ma( $or#a) !+re!! a+ ,o $+ A 4; 8 4(


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Ma( !hear !+re!! a+ B S(1 #a( 8 K4$ #a( 4$ # $ : 23= ) : $ 2

C'rve% Bea# Rec+a$&')ar Sec+ o$I$,'+

4utside radius, Ro 8 $.00 innside radius, Ri 8 1$000 in

Section width, 7 8 ($.00 in Applied !o!ent, M 8 .00 in>lb%

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ he &h+ H 8 Ro R $

8 ;.=00 $Sec+ o$ area A 8 2.2=0 $ 2

Sec+ o$ $e'+ra) a( ! ra% '! 8 R$aRa% '! o $e'+ra) a( ! R$a 8 H : L$ Ro : R

8 . 26 $e 8 R < H:2 R$a

8 0.02F $I$! %e er e$% $& !+re!! S 8 M R$a R : A e R

8 9=0 ) : $ 2@'+! %e er e$% $& !+re!! So 8 M Ro R$a : A e R

8 ;0;3 ) : $ 2

C'rve% Bea#! C rc')ar Sec+ o$C'rve% Bea# Sec+ o$ % a#e+er D 8 Ro R

8 ;.=00 $Sec+ o$ ra% '! o $e'+ra) a( ! R$a 8 0.2= Ro 0.= < R 0.= 2

8 . 32 $e 8 R < D:2 R$a

8 0.0;" $


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I$! %e er e$% $& !+re!! S 8 M R$a R : A e R8 ;626 ) : $ 2

@'+! %e er e$% $& !+re!! So 8 M Ro R$a : A e Ro 8 ;F06 ) : $ 2

C'rve% Bea# 2 C rc')ar Sec+ o$I$,'+

4utside radius, Ro 8 6$000 innside radius, Ri 8 -$000 in

Applied !o!ent, M 8 (1. in>lb% Ca)c')a+ o$

C'rve% Bea# Sec+ o$ % a#e+er D 8 Ro RD 8 2 $

Sec+ o$ ra% '! o $e'+ra) a( ! R$a 8 0.2= Ro 0.= < R 0.= 2R$a 8 F.9F9 $

e 8 R < D:2 R$ae 8 0.0=; $

I$! %e er e$% $& !+re!! S 8 P R$a


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8 3.3 = $ FCe$+er o area C; 8 C2 8 H : 2

8 ;.= $

I a$% C Sec+ o$! I$,'+ Ca)c')a+

B$ H$ A; 3 2 ;"2 ($. 1 ;0.=3 6 * ;"

A 8 F6.=

Ca)c')a+ o$ $ A $ A $ 2

; ;;.000 ;9".00 2; ".002 6.=00 6".2= FF3.633 ;.=00 2 .00 F0.=0

8 293.2= 2662.;3

Ca)c')a+ o$

Sec+ o$ #o%')'! I(( 8 A $ 2 < Ic& 8 2 2F.=0 $ F

Ce$+er o area C; 8 A $: A 8 6.306 $

C2 8 ; < H;:28 ;2.000 $

I$,'++ 8 2200 lb% = 8 6 in


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a 8 2 inCa)c')a+ o$

8 L aF

P L;3200 $ ) !

P a 2 : L 2;9=6 $ ) !

P a : L2933 $ ) !

7ending shoc& %atigue %actor, @b 8 * DataBe$% $& !+re!! )) e ca)c')a+e%. I$,'+

(*200 in>lb% =arger o%# C( and C2 8 C 8 (2$00 in

Section !o!ent o% inertia, "" 8 -$66 inQ-7ending shoc& %atigue %actor, @b 8 ($.0 >

Ca)c')a+ o$Ma( #o#e$+ !+re!! S# 8 M C : I

8 =09" ) : $ 2

I$,'+ Ca)c')a+B$ H$ A

; 2 3 ;".002 1 ($. ;0.=03 * 6 ;".00

A 8 F6.=

Ca)c')a+ o$! $ A $ A $ 2

;.000 9.00 F.=03.=00 ;".3" 32.;6;.=00 ;3.=0 ;0.;3

8 F0."" F6. "

Sec+ o$ #o%')'! I(( 8 A h 2 < Ic& 8 22F.2= $ F

Ce$+er o area C; 8 A $: A 8 0." 9 $

C2 8 B; C;8 ;.;2; $

S1##e+r ca) H Sec+ o$ Pro,er+ e! I$,'+ Ca)c')a+

B$ H$ A

Ca$+ )ever MMAX a+ B 8

4 (e% e$%! M MAX a+ C a Q 8

P $$e% e$%! M MAX a+ C 8

E$+er va)'e o a,,) e% #o#e$+ M MAX ro# a ove/

Applied !o!ent %ro! abo e, M MA 8

Re%# A SCSteel Cons


18/135

; 2 3 ;".002 1 ($. ;0.=03 * 6 ;".00

A 8 F6.=

Ce$+er o &rav +1 c& 8 B; : 2 8 ;.000 $

Sec+ o$ #o%')'! I(( 8 Ic& 8 62 $ F

Ce$+er o area C; 8 C2 8 B; : 28 ;.000

I$,'++ 8 ( 00 lb% = 8 (2 ina 8 * in

Ca)c')a+ o$ 8 L a

8 9P L

8 2;600 $ ) !P a 2 : L 2

8 303" $ ) !P a : L

F0=0 $ ) !

E$+er va)'e! or a,,) e% #o#e$+ a+ a ea# !ec+ o$ & ve$/ C I(( a$% c&.

Be$% $& !+re!! )) e ca)c')a+e%. I$,'+

(*200 in>lb% =arger o%# C( and C2 8 C 8 ($1.0 in

Section !o!ent o% inertia, "" 8 -$-66 inQ-7ending shoc& %atigue %actor, @b 8 ($. >

Sha%t !aterial elastic !odulus, N 8 23000000 lb'inQ2Ca)c')a+ o$

Bea# )e$&+h ro# a ove L 8 ;2 $Bea# )oa% ro# a ove P 8 ;"00 )

E$+er va)'e o a,,) e% #o#e$+ M MAX ro# a ove/

Ca$+ )ever MMAX a+ B 8

4 (e% e$%! M MAX a+ C a Q 8

P $$e% e$%! M MAX a+ C 8

Applied !o!ent %ro! abo e, M MA 8

Re%# A SCSteel Con


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Ma( #o#e$+ !+re!! S# 8 M C : I 8 =9 ) : $ 2

Ca$+ )ever %e )ec+ o$ a+ A 8 P L 3 : 3 E I0.00"0 $

4 (e% e$%! %e )ec+ o$ a+ C 8 P a 3 3 : 3 E I L 30.0000=3 $

P $$e% e$%! %e )ec+ o$ a+ C 8 P a 2 2 : 3 E I L0.0002"; $

Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! ork!hee+


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o$ $;;6.=;.=

Ic&6.00

F2."";3.=062.3"


29/135

o$ $;.003.=0;.=0

Ic&;2;.=0

;.9=F.00

; .F

o$Ic&

anual o%ruction$


30/135

6F3;F62

Manual o%truction$


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Rev/ 26Se,09S,rea% Shee+ Me+ho%/;. T1,e $ va)'e! or +he $,'+ %a+a.2. E$+er.


3. A$! er/ X 8 )) e ca)c')a+e%.F. Auto!atic calculations are o)% +1,e $

DESIGN @4 P@5ER TRANSMISSI@N SHA4TING5he ob/ecti e is to calculate the sha%t siBe ha ing the strength and rigidity re uired to trans!itan applied tor ue$ 5he strength in torsion, o% sha%ts !ade o% ductile !aterials are usuallycalculated on the basis o% the !a"i!u! shear theory$

ASMN Code states that %or sha%t !ade o% a speci%ied AS5M steel#Ss;allowable< 8 *0T o% Sy but not o er ( T o% Sult %or sha%ts without &eyways$ 5hese aluesare to be reduced by 2.T i% the sha%ts ha e &eyways$

Sha%t design includes the deter!ination o% sha%t dia!eter ha ing the strength and rigidity totrans!it !otor or engine power under arious operating conditions$ Sha%ts are usually roundand !ay be solid or hollow$

Sha%t torsional shear stress# Ss 8 5OR ' J

+olar !o!ent o% area# J 8 UODQ- ' *2 %or solid sha%ts

J 8 UO;DQ- > dQ-< ' *2 %or hollow sha%ts

Sha%t bending stress# Sb 8 MOR '

Mo!ent o% area# 8 UODQ- ' 6- %or solid sha%ts

8 UO;DQ- > dQ-< ' 6- %or hollow sha%ts

5he ASMN Code e uation %or sha%ts sub/ected to# torsion, bending, a"ial load, shoc&, and%atigue is#Sha%t dia!eter cubed,

DQ* 8 ;(6'UOSs;(>@Q-


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;. ASME Co%e Sha + A))o a )e S+re!! I$,'+Su 8 . 000 lb%'inQ2Sy 8 *6000 lb%'inQ2

Ca)c')a+eA))o a )e !+re!! a!e% o$ S' Sa' 8 ;" S'

;0FF0 ) : $ 2A))o a )e !+re!! a!e% o$ S1 Sa1 8 30 S1

;0"00 ) : $ 2A))o a )e !hear !+re!! a!e% o$ S' S! 8 = Sa'

"30 ) : $ 2

2. ASME Co%e Sha + D a#e+er I$,'+=owest o% Sau, Say, Ss# Sa 8 1 *0 lb%'inQ2

+ower trans!itted by sha%t, 9+ 8 (0 hp

W 8 colu!n %actor 8 ( ' ;( > 0$00--O;='&


34/135

Sha%t speed, L 8 *00 rp!Sha%t ertical load, F 8 0 lb%

Sha%t length, = 8 (0 in@b 8 ($.@t 8 (

Ca)c')a+e Sha + +or 'e T 8 HP 63000 : N

8 2;00 $ ) er+ ca) Mo#e$+ M 8 L

0 ) $ASME Co%e or !ha + +h ke1 a1 D 3 8 ;6 : J Sa M 2 < + T 2 0.=

8 ;.366 $ 3

M $ #'# !ha + % a#e+er D 8 ;.;09 $

Sha + Ma+er a) ?)+ #a+e e)% S+re!!e!


35/135

I$,'+Su 8 10000 lb%'inQ2Sy 8 -6000 lb%'inQ2

ASME Co%e Sha + A))o a )e S+re!! Ca)c')a+e Allowable stress based on Su, Sau 8 ( T O Su

(2600 lb%'inQ2 Allowable stress based on Sy, Say 8 *0T O Sy

(* 00 lb%'inQ2 Allowable shear stress based on Su, Ss 8 1.T O Sau

3-.0 lb%'inQ2

Sha + Po er Geo#e+r1I$,'+

=owest o% Sau, Say, Ss# Sa 8 3-.0 lb%'inQ2+ower trans!itted by F>7elt, 9+ 8 20 hp

Sha%t speed, L 8 600 rp!5( ' 52 8 *

A 8 60 deg=( 8 (0 in=2 8 *0 in=* 8 (0 inD( 8 inD2 8 ( in

F>+ulley weight, :p 8 200 lbsSpur gear pressure angle, ;(- or 20 deg< 7 8 20 deg

@b 8 ($. >@t 8 ( >

Ca)c')a+e Sha%t tor ue, 5 8 9+ O 6*000 ' L

8 2(00 in>lb% 52 ' 5( 8 7 8 *

5( > 52 8 5 ' ;D2 ' 2; 5 ' ;D2 ' 2< < ' ;( > 77elt, 9+ 8 20 hpSha%t speed, L 8 600 rp!

5( ' 52 8 * A 8 60 deg=( 8 (0 in=2 8 *0 in=* 8 (0 inD( 8 inD2 8 ( in

F>+ulley weight, :p 8 200 lbsSpur gear pressure angle, ;(- or 20 deg< 7 8 20 deg

@b 8 ($. >@t 8 ( >

=e%t side sha%t dia!eter, SD( 8 ($000 inCenter sha%t dia!eter, SD2 8 *$000 in

Right side sha%t dia!eter, SD* 8 2$000 inCa)c')a+e

Sha%t tor ue, 5 8 9+ O 6*000 ' L8 2(00 in>lb%

52 ' 5( 8 7 8 *5( > 52 8 5 ' ;D2 ' 2; 5 ' ;D2 ' 2< < ' ;( > 7in

Ca)c')a+e Sha + D a#e+er Ca)c')a+e ASMN Code %or sha%t with &eyway, DQ* 8 ;(6 ' ;UOSa< < O ; ;@bOMb


39/135

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ ,o)ar #o#e$+ o area 7 8 J D F : 32

8 0.060 $ F

T% D : 2 78 "000 ) : $ 2 Q G@AL SEE

Sha + +or! o$ %e )ec+ o$ a$&)e a 8 T% L : 7 G8 0.0;=" ra% a$!

8 0.90 %e&ree!

P@LAR M@MENT @4 AREA AND SHEAR STRESSI$,'+

5orsion, 5 8 *60 in>lb% Round solid sha%t dia!eter, D 8 2$000 in

Ca)c')a+ o$

Sec+ o$ ,o)ar #o#e$+ o $er+ a 7 8 J D F : 328 ;.= ; $ FTor! o$ !+re!! 4+ 8 T D:2 : 7

8 229 ) : $ 2

I$,'+5orsion, 5 8 (000 in>lb%

Round tube sha%t outside dia, Do 8 2$2.0 inRound tube sha%t inside dia, Di 8 ($(2. in

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ ,o)ar #o#e$+ o $er+ a 7 8 J Do F D F : 32

7 8 2.3=9 $ FTor! o$ !+re!! 4+ 8 T Do:2 : 7

8 F ) : $ 2

I$,'+5orsion, 5 8 (000 in>lb%

S uare sha%t breadth 8 height, 7 8 ($1.0 inCa)c')a+ o$

Sec+ o$ ,o)ar #o#e$+ o $er+ a 7 8 B F : 6 8 ;.=63 $ F

Tor! o$ !+re!! 4+ 8 T B:2 : 7 8 =60 ) : $ 2

Shear !+re!! %'e +o T% S T 8


40/135

I$,'+5orsion, 5 8 (000 in>lb%

Rectangular sha%t breadth, 7 8 ($000 in9eight, 9 8 2$000 in

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ ,o)ar #o#e$+ o $er+ a 7 8 B H B 2 < H 2 : ;2

8 0."33 $ FTor! o$ !+re!! 4+ 8 T B:2 : 7

8 600 ) : $ 2

Ca$+ )ever !ha + e$% $& #o#e$+I$,'+

Sha%t trans erse load, : 8 1-0 lb%

+osition in sha%t, " 8 . in7ending shoc& %atigue %actor, @! 8 * Sha%t dia!eter, D 8 ($000 in

Ca)c')a+ o$ Mo#e$+ a+ ( M( 8 5 ( $ ) !

De! &$ #o#e$+ a+ ( M% 8 # M( 8 ;;;00 $ ) !

Sec+ o$ #o#e$+ o $er+ a I 8 J D F : 6F8 0.0F9 $ F

Be$% $& !+re!! or !ha + 4 8 M D : 2 I 8 ;;30F9 ) !: $ 2 Q G@AL SEE

Ca$+ )ever !ha + e$% $& %e )ec+ o$ I$,'+Sha%t trans erse load at %ree end, : 8 1-0 lb%

Sha%t dia!eter, D 8 ($000 inSha%t length, = 8 (0 in

De%lection location, " 8 . in7ending !o!ent shoc& load %actor, @! 8 *


41/135

Modulus o% elasticity, N 8 23000000 psi

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ #o#e$+ o $er+ a I 8 J D F : 6F

8 0.0F9 $ FMo#e$+ a+ ( 8 = $

Mo#e$+ a+ ( M 8 # 5 (8 ;;;00 $ )

Be$% $& !+re!! a+ (/ S 8 M D:2 : I;;3063 ) : $ 2 Q G@AL SEE

Ca$+ )ever e$%*& %e )ec+ o$ a+ ( ( 8 5 ( 2: 6 E I 3 L ( 8 0.0=F; $

Be$% $& %e )ec+ o$ a+ ( 8 0 8 5 L 3 : 3 E I 8 0.; 33 $

Sec+ o$ Mo#e$+ o I$er+ a I$,'+Round solid sha%t dia!eter, D 8 ($000 in

Ca)c')a+ o$!Section !o!ent o% inertia, BB 8 J D F : 6F

A$! er/ I-- 8 0.0F9 $ F

Sec+ o$ #o#e$+ o I$er+ a I$,'+Round tube sha%t dia!eter, Do 8 ($1.0 in

Di 8 ($. inCa)c')a+ o$

Section polar !o!ent o% inertia, BB 8 J Do F D F : 6FA$! er/ I-- 8 0.2;2 $ F

Sec+ o$ #o#e$+ o I$er+ a I$,'+S uare sha%t breadth 8 height, 7 8 ($1.0

Ca)c')a+ o$Sec+ o$ #o#e$+ o $er+ a I-- 8 B F : ;2

A$! er/ I-- 8 0. "2 $ F

BENDING STRESSNnter alues %or applied !o!ent at a bea! section, c, BB and @b$ 7ending stress will be calculated$I$,'+

Applied !o!ent at ", M 8 (000 in>lb% c 8 ($000 in

Section !o!ent o% inertia, BB 8 2$. inQ-7ending shoc& %atigue %actor, @b 8 * >

Ca)c')a+ o$Ma( e$% $& !+re!! 4 8 M c : I


42/135

A$! er/ 4 8 ;200 ) : $ 2

T PICAL B?L MATERIAL BELT C@N E @R SHA4TING SPECI4ICATI@NSee PDHo$) $e co'r!e!/ M262 a$ M263 1 +he a'+hor o +h ! co'r!e or #ore $ or#a+ o$.($( +ulley Sha%ts#

($2 All sha%ts shall ha e one %i"ed type bearing the balance on the sha%t shall be e"pansion type$

($* +ulleys and pulley sha%ts shall be siBed %or co!bined torsional and bending static and %atigue


43/135

s resses$

($- Sha%t &eys shall be the s uare parallel type and &eyways ad/acent to bearings shall be round end,all other &eyways !ay be the run>out type$

2$( +ulleys#

2$2 5he head pulley on the Reclai! Con eyor shall be welded *0->SS so as not to inter%ere with tra!p!etal re!o al by the !agnet$

2$* All pulleys shall be welded steel crown %aced, selected in accordance with ratings established bythe Mechanical +ower 5rans!ission Association Standard Lo$*0(>(36. and $S$A$

Standard Lo$7(0.$(>(366$ n no case shall the pulley sha%t loads as listed in the rating tables o% thesestandards be e"ceeded$

2$- All pulleys shall be crowned$

2$. All dri e pulleys shall be %urnished with ('2 inch thic& ulcaniBed herringbone groo ed lagging$

2$6 Snub pulleys ad/acent to dri e pulleys shall ha e a !ini!u! dia!eter o% (6 inches$


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Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! ork!hee+


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C@?PLINGS

Le&e$% h : R A 0$27 0$*C 0$-D 0$.


0$2 0$- 0$6 0$ ($0($00

($(0($20

($*0

($-0

($.0

($60

($10

($ 0

($30

2$00

2$(0

E SL@T STRESS 4ACT@R

A7CD

e1 ha) !)o+ %+h : S)o+ %e,+h 1 : h

A e 1

S ) o + S + r e ! !

4 a c

+ o r

G A k H

RIGID C@?PLING DESIGNCouplings are used to connect rotating sha%tscontinuously$ Clutches are used to connectrotating sha%ts te!porarily$

Rigid couplings are used %or accurately alignedsha%ts in slow speed applications$ Re%er to

ASMN code and coupling endor designalues$


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2. S 'are e1 Tor! o$ Shear S+re$&+h I$,'+@ey :idth 8 9eight, 9 8 0$*1. in

@ey =ength, = 8 *$00 inSha%t dia!eter, Ds 8 2$000 in

Allowable sha%t stress %ro! abo e, Ssu or Ssy 8 (*.00 lb%'inQ2 Allowable &ey bearing stress, Sb 8 0000 lb%'inQ2

Ca)c')a+ o$e1 !hear area A 8 H L

8 ;.;2= $ 2e1 !+re!! ac+or 8 0. =

e1 !hear !+re$&+h Pk 8 4! A 8 ;;390.62= ) : $ 2

e1 +or! o$ !hear !+re$&+h Tk 8 Pk D!:28 ;;39; $ )

e1 ear $& !+re$&+h Tk 8 S L D:2 H:F H:28 F0 "; $ )

3. Co',) $& 4r c+ o$ Tor! o$ S+re$&+h I$,'+4uter contact dia!eter, Do 8 (0$00 in

nner contact dia!eter, Di 8 3$00 in+re>load in each bolt, + 8 .00 lb%

Lu!ber o% bolts, Lb 8 6 >

Coe%%icient o% %riction, % 8 0$2 >Lu!ber o% pairs o% %riction sur%aces, n 8 ( >Ca)c')a+ o$

Co',) $& r c+ o$ ra% '! R 8 2:3 Ro 3 R 3 : Ro 2 R 2A$! er/ R 8 F. = $

A( a) orce 4a 8 P N4a 8 3000 )

Co',) $& r c+ o$ +or 'e ca,ac +1 T 8 4a R $A$! er/ T 8 2"=3 $ )


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F. Co',) $& Bo)+! Tor! o$ S+re$&+h Assu!e hal% o% bolts are e%%ecti e due di%%erences in bolt holes and bolt dia!eters$

I$,'+5or ue shoc& load %actor, @t 8 * >

7olt allowable shear stress, )s 8 6000 lb%'inQ2Lu!ber o% bolts, Lb 8 - >

7olt circle dia!eter, Dc 8 6$. in7olt dia!eter, D 8 0$.00 in

Ca)c')a+ o$@$e o)+ !ec+ o$ area A 8 J D 2:F

A 8 0.;96 $Shear !+re!! co$ce$+ra+ o$ ac+or ! 8 ;.33 >

Shear !+re$&+h ,er o)+ P 8 4! A : + !A$! er/ P 8 29= )

To+a) co',) $& o)+! +or 'e ca,ac +1 T 8 P Dc:2 N : 2A$! er/ T 8 ;9;9 $ )

$

I$,'+9ub outside dia!eter, Do 8 (-$000 in

Sha%t outside dia!eter, Dc 8 -$000 inSha%t inside dia!eter, Di 8 0$000 in

9ub length, = 8 inMa" tangential stress, )t 8 .000 lb%'inQ2

9ub !odulus, Nh 8 ($.0N?01 lb%'inQ2Sha%t !odulus, Ns 8 *$00N?01 lb%'inQ2

Coe%%icient o% %riction, % 8 0$(2 >

H' Sha + I$+er ere$ce 4 +!5hese ridged or, shrin& %its are used %or connecting hubs to sha%ts, so!eti!es inaddition to &eys$ 4%ten the co!puted stress is allowed to approach the yield stressbecause the stress decreases away %ro! the bore$

Sha + $ H'5he hub is the outer ring,Do to Dc$ 5he sha%t isthe inner ring, Dc to Di


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0$* >0$* >

See $,'+ a ove/ Ca)c')a+ o$Pre!!'re a+ co$+ac+ !'r ace Pc 8 4+ Do 2 Dc 2 : Do 2


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:H 0.F0 0.60 0."0 ;.00A B C D

0.2 2$0( ($3( ($11 ($620.F ($.3 ($.0 ($-0 ($*00.6 ($-( ($*2 ($2. ($(0." ($*1 ($2 ($(3 ($(0;.0 ($*. ($2. ($(1 ($01


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Multiple pitch nu!ber ;n< re%ers to single ;n8(


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Po er Scre Tor 'e I$,'+Screw outside dia!eter, D 8 *$000 in

Screw thread turns per inch, 5+ 8 * threads'in5hread angle, At 8 .$ 6 degrees

5hread !ultiple pitch lead nu!ber, n 8 25hread %riction coe%%icient, )t 8 0$(.

7earing %riction coe%%icient, )b 8 07earing !ean radius, Rb 8 2 in

=oad to be raised by power screw, : 8 .00 lb% Ca)c')a+ o$

Ac#e +hrea% %e,+h H 8 0.= ;: TPI


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Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! !,rea% !hee+.


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S,rea% Shee+ Me+ho%/;. T1,e $ va)'e! or +he $,'+ %a+a.2. E$+er.

Ca)c')a+e Brake Tor 'e Ca,ac +1 I$,'+Cla!ping %orce, ) 8 .0 lb%

0$2 >Caliper !ean radius, Rd 8 1$00 in

Lu!ber o% calipers, L 8 ( >

Ca)c')a+ o$Brak $& +or 'e T 8 2 4 N R#

;F0 $ )


*$A$! er/ X 8 )) e ca)c')a+e%.-$ Auto!atic calculations are o)% +1,e $

Coe%%icient o% %riction, Z 8

DISC BRA E A sectional iew o% a generic disc bra&e with calipers isillustrated right$

N ual and opposite cla!ping %orces, ) lb% acting at !eanradius R! inches pro ide rotation stopping tor ue 5 in>lb%$

SH@E BRA Estopping capacity is

proportional to the nor!al %orceo% bra&e shoe against the dru!and coe%%icient o% %riction$


59/135

Ca)c')a+e Brake Tor 'e Ca,ac +1 I$,'+

Coe%%icient o% %riction, % 8 0$27ra&e shoe %ace width, w 8 2 inDru! internal radius, Rd 8 6 in

Shoe !ean radius, Rs 8 . inShoe heel angle, A( 8 0 degrees

Shoe angle, A2 8 (*0 degreesShoe !ean angle, A! 8 30 degrees

Right shoe !a"i!u! shoe pressure, +!r 8 (.0 lb%'inQ2=e%t shoe !a"i!u! shoe pressure, +!l 8 (.0 lb%'inQ2

C 8 3 in

Ca)c')a+ o$X 8 R% R% Co! A2 R!:2 S $ 2 A2X 8 ".3"92

R &h+ !hoe r c+ o$ #o#e$+ Mr 8 P# R% : S $ A# XMr 8 3020 $ )

8 0.= A2 0.2= S $ 2 A2 8 ;.3"06

R &h+ $or#a) orce! #o#e$+ M$ 8 P# R% R! : S $ A#M$ 8 ;2F26 $ )

Brake c1) $%er orce P 8 M$ Mr : CA$! er/ P 8 ;0F= )

8 Co! A; Co! A2 : S $ A#

8 ;.6F2R &h+ !hoe rake +or 'e ca,ac +1 Tr 8 P# R% 2

Tr 8 3=F" $ )

Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! ork !hee+.


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A$&)e B I$,'+S!all shea e pitch circle radius, R( 8 - in=arge shea e pitch circle radius, R2 8 6 in

Center distance, C 8 (- inCa)c')a+ o$

S $ B 8 R2 R; : CS $ B 8 0.;F29

B 8 0.;F33 ra%$.B 8 ".2; %e&ree!



BELT DRI ESF>belts are used to trans!it power %ro!!otors to !achinery$

Shea es ha e a F>groo e$ +ulleys ha ea %lat circu!%erence$

A F>belt !ay be used in co!binationwith a dri e shea e on a !otor sha%tand a pulley on the dri en sha%t$


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Be)+ Dr ve I$,'+Dri e power, 9+ 8 *0 hpMotor speed, L 8 ( 00 rp!

Dri e shea e pitch dia!eter, D( 8 (0 in Dri en shea e pitch dia!eter, D2 8 *6 in

Center distance, C 8 -0 inShea e groo e angle, A 8 -0 deg

Shea e to F>belt coe%%icient o% %riction, %( 8 0$2 >+ulley to F>belt coe%%icient o% %riction, %2 8 0$2 >

7( 8 0$1. in72 8 ($. in

D 8 ( inF>belt weight per cubic inch, w 8 0$0- lb!'inQ*

5ight side F>belt allowable tension, 5( 8 200 lb% Ca)c')a+ o$

e)+ C.G. % !+a$ce ( 8 D B;< 2 B2 : 3 B;


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S)ack ! %e e)+ +e$! o$ T2 8 T; 5 2:& : C!, < 5 2:&8 ;F" )

Hor!e,o er ,er e)+ HP 8 T2 T; : ==0 8 .F h,

N'# er o e)+! N 8 HP : HP 8 F.; e)+!

I$,'+se - belts

Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! ork !hee+.


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SP?R GEARS

between a point on one tooth and the correspondingpoint on the ad/acent tooth$

o% pitch circle dia!eter$

S,'r Gear D #e$! o$!I$,'+

;F.= or 20 (-$. deg$N : D 6 >

(2 >ear hub dia!eter 8 *$00 in

ear hub width 8 ($.0 in7ore dia!eter 8 ($ 1. in

Ca)c')a+ o$N : P% 2$000 in; : P% 0$(61 in

;.;= : P% 0$(3* in2.;= : P% 0$*60 in.;= : P% 0$026 inD < 2 A 2$*** inN < 2 : P% 2$*** inD 2 B ($6(- in

N 2.3;F : P% ($6(- inD Co! Pa .0; F= ($3*6 in

J D : N 0$.2- inJ : P% 0$.2- in

D S $ 90 .0; F=:N 0$(61 inA < N 2 : F D ( $(61 in

2 A 0$*** inLote# N"cel re uires degrees to be con erted to radians$ Degrees " $0(1-. 8 Radians

U 8 *$(-(6?!e +he a ove !,rea% !hee+ +o ca)c')a+e +he % #e$! o$! o &ear!.



C rc')ar , +ch ;C+< is the pitch circle arc length

D a#e+ra) , +ch ;+< is the nu!ber o% teeth per inch

+ressure angle, Pa 8Dia!etral pitch, P% =

Lu!ber o% gear teeth, N =

+itch circle dia!eter, D 8 Addendu!, A =Dedendu!, B =

:hole depth8 Addendu!?Dedendu!, % =Clearance, C =

4utside dia!eter, OD = or OD =

Root circle dia!eter, RD = or RD =

7ase circle, BC =Circular pitch, CP =

or CP =

Chordal thic&ness, TC =Chordal addendu!, AC =

:or&ing depth, WD =


67/135

Gear Too+h I$+er ere$ce I$,'+7ase circle radius, Rbc 8 C+'2 8 -$6. in

4utside radius, Ros 8 4D'2 8 3$* in20 deg$

Ca)c')a+ o$ P $ o$ a!e c rc)e ra% '! 8 R c

Gear a%%e$%'# ra% '! 8 RaThere )) e $o $+er ere$ce R c Q Ra

R c Q R c 2 < Rc 2 S $ Pa 0.=R c Q =.63

A%%e$%'# ra% '! Ra 8 6.00

GEAR TEETH STRENGTH

Gear Too+h Be$% $& S+re!! I$,'+5ooth base thic&ness, t 8 ($.0 inMo!ent ar! length, h 8 0$10 in

5ooth load, : 8 (000 lb% 5ooth %ace width ;into paper


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Ca)c')a+ o$ Ba!e ha) +h ck$e!! c 8 + : 2

c 8 0. = $Sec+ o$ #o%')'! I 8 + 3 : ;2

I 8 0.2";2= $ 3Too+h e$% $& !+re!! S 8 M c : I

S 8 ;"6 ) : $ 2The !+re!! ca)c')a+e% a ove %oe! $o+ $c)'%e !+re!! co$ce$+ra+ o$ or %1$a# c )oa% $&.

Gear Too+h D1$a# c Loa% I$,'++itch line elocity, Fp 8 (00 %t'!in

5ooth %ace width, b 8 *$(* inear tor ue, 5 8 ( *6 in>lb%

Circular pitch radius, R 8 C+ ' 2 8 *$00 inDe%or!ation %actor ;steel gears -3 0

Ca)c')a+ o$S+a+ c )oa% 4 8 2 T : R

4 8 ;22F ) D1$a# c )oa% P% 8 0.0= C < 4 : 0.0= < C < 4 .= < 4

P% 8 ; ;;

Le ! E 'a+ o$ 4or# 4ac+or Pre!!'re Pre!!'re

N'# er o Tee+h A$&)e ;F A$&)e 20;2 0.06 0.0 "

?!e +he Le ! or# ac+or e)o / ;F 0.0 = 0.0"";6 0.0"; 0.09F;" 0.0"6 0.09"

20 0.090 0.;022= 0.09 0.;0"30 0.;0; 0.;;F=0 0.;;0 0.;3060 0.;;3 0.;3F

= 0.;;= 0.;3";00 0.;; 0.;F2;=0 0.;;9 0.;F6300 0.;22 0.;=0

Rack 0.;2F 0.;=F


69/135

S+re$&+h o Gear Tee+hS+re$&+h o Gear Tee+h Le ! E 'a+ o$ , +ch c rc)e % a#e+er ! k$o $

I$,'+ Allowable gear tooth tensile stress, S 8 .000 lb%'inQ2

5ooth width, b 8 *$. inCircular pitch, +c 8 ($0-1* in

=ewis %or! %actor, 8 0$03- >Ca)c')a+ o$

A))o a )e &ear +oo+h )oa% 4 8 S Pc4 8 ; 23 )

S+re$&+h o Gear Tee+h Le ! E 'a+ o$ , +ch c rc)e % a#e+er ! $o+ k$o $I$,'+

ear sha%t tor ue, 5 8 (.*00 in>lb% Dia!etral pitch, +d 8 .$00 in

Constant, & 8 - !a"=ewis %or! %actor, 8 0$(6( >

Lu!ber o% gear teeth, L 8 (00 >Ca)c')a+ o$

Gear +oo+h +e$! )e !+re!! S 8 2 T P% 3 : k J 2 NS 8 60;6 ) : $ 2

Gear P +ch L $e e)oc +1 I$,'+

+itch circle dia!eter, Dp 8 .$** inRotational speed, n 8 00 rp!ear +itch =ine Felocity, F 8

F 8 (((6 %t'!in Allowable gear tooth load, ) 8 (122 lb%

ear +itch =ine Felocity, F 8 -0 %t'!in Ca)c')a+ o$ No+e/

Gear hor!e,o er +ra$!# ++e% HP 8 4 : 33000 ;.0 HP 8 33000 +:# $HP 8 FF h,

5or# 5hee) Gear $&

UODpOn ' (2


70/135

Lea% A$&)e A I$,'+=ead 8 2$2.

Dw 8 -Ca)c')a+ o$

Ta$ A:= .29 = 8 Lea% : J DA 8 0.; 90 ra% a$!

Lea% a$&)e A 8 Ta$ ; aA$! er/ A 8 ;0.;= %e&ree!

5or# C rc')ar P +ch Pc

AGMA S+a$%ar% C rc')ar P +che!/ ;:" =:;6 3:" ;:2 =:" 3:F ; ;.2= ;. = a$% 2.I$,'+

:or! and wheel center distance, Cd 8 (6 inCa)c')a+ o$

5hee) % a#e+er D 8 C% 0." = : 2.2D 8 =.;F3 $

5or# c rc')ar , +ch Pc 8 D : 3Pc 8 ;. ; $


71/135

?!e !+a$%ar% Pc 8 ;. = $

S+re$&+h o 5or# 5hee) Gear! Le ! E 'a+ o$I$,'+

+itch circle dia!eter, Dp 8 .$** inRotational speed, n 8 600 rp!

lti!ate stress, Su 8 20000 lb%'inQ2

Ca)c')a+ o$Gear P +ch L $e e)oc +1 & 8 J D, $ : ;2

& 8 "3 +:# $5or# : 5hee) a))o a )e !+re!! So 8 S' : 3

So 8 666 ) : $ 25or#:&ear %e! &$ !+re!! S% 8 o ;200 : ;200 < &

S% 8 392 ) : $ 2

I$,'+Sd 8 *321 lb%'inQ2

5ooth width, b 8 ($. inCircular pitch, +nc 8 ($0-1* in

=ewis %or! %actor, 8 0$03- >Ca)c')a+ o$

A))o a )e &ear +oo+h )oa% 4 8 S% P$c4 8 ="0 )

5or# Gear D1$a# c Loa% I$,'+Static load, ) 8 (12* lb%

ear +itch =ine Felocity, Fg 8 00 %t'!inCa)c')a+ o$

5or# Gear D1$a# c Loa% 4% 8 4 ;200< & : ;2004% 8 2" 2 )

5or# Gear E$%'ra$ce Loa% I$,'+:or!'gear design stress, Sd 8 -000 lb%'inQ2

5ooth width, b 8 ($. in=ewis %or! %actor, 8 0$03-

:or! wheel pitch circle dia!eter, Dp 8 .$* inCa)c')a+ o$

5or# Gear E$%'ra$ce Loa% 4e 8 S% J : P$%4e 8 33F )

5or# Gear 5ear Loa% I$,'+ear pitch dia!eter, Dg 8 .$* in


72/135

5ooth width, b 8 ($. inMaterial wear constant, 7 8 60 >

Ca)c')a+ o$5or# Gear 5ear Loa% 4 8 D&

4 8 F )

5or# Gear E c e$c1Ma+er a) 5ear Co$!+a$+

5or# Gear B9ardened steel Cast iron .02.0 79L steel +hosphor bronBe 60

9ardened steel +hosphor bronBe 09ardened steel Anti!ony bronBe (20

Cast iron +hosphor bronBe (.0

I$,'+ Da+a Coe%%icient o% %riction, % 8 0$( >

=ead angle, A 8 (2 degreesCa)c')a+ o$

5or# &ear e c e$c1 e 8 ; Ta$ A:= .29 = : ; < :Ta$ A:= .29 =e 8 0.9"6

AGMA 5or# Gear Hea+ D !! ,a+ o$ L # +I$,'+

:or! to wheel center distance, C 8 * in5rans!ission ratio, R 8 2. >

Ca)c')a+ o$Ma( #'# hor!e ,o er ) # + HP# 8 9.= C ;. : R < = h,

HP# 8 2.0=

Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! !,rea% !hee+.


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H DRA?LIC C LINDERS P?MPS M@T@RS

@$e &a))o$ 8 23; c' $I$,'+

Pre!!'re P 8 (000 psi5e &h+ 5 8 *000 lbs

@'+,'+C1) $%er area A 8 5 : P 8 *$00 s in

C1) $%er % a#e+er D 8 F A : 3.;F2 0.= 8 ;.9= in

I$,'+ 5e &h+ 5 8 *00

C1) $%er % a#e+er D 8 2

@'+,'+C1) $%er area A 8 3.;F2 ( D 2 : F 8 *$(-2Pre!!'re P 8 5 : A 8 9= psi

I$,'+P !+o$ e(+e$%! ( 8 (0 inT #e +o e(+e$% + 8 2 sec

C1) $%er % a#e+er % 8 - inH1%a') c , ,e $+er$a) % a#e+er ,% 8 0$. in

@'+,'+P !+o$ !,ee% S 8 60 ( : + 8 *00 in'!in

C1) $%er area A 8 3.;F2 ( D 2 : F 8 (2$.6 s >in

P !+o$ e(+e$+ o$ vo)'#e v 8 A ( 8 (2.$6 cu>ino)'#e $ &a))o$! 8 v : 23; 8 0$.-- galT #e $ # $'+e! +o e(+e$% T 8 + : 60 8 0$0** !in

4)o ra+e GPM 8 : T 8 ;6.32 gp!P ,e $+er$a) area ,a 8 3.;F2 ( ,% 2 : F 8 0$(36 s >in

4)' % !,ee% $ , ,e ! 8 v : ;2 + A 8 0.F2 %t'sec

I$,'+P'#, )o GPM 8 20 gp!

P'#, % !,)ace#e$+ % 8 -$20 cu in ' re@'+,'+

P'#, !,ee% RPM 8 GPM ( 23; : % 8 ;;00 rp!

I$,'+H1%ra') c #o+or )o GPM 8 20 gp!

H1%ra') c #o+or % !,)ace#e$+ % 8 2 cu in ' re @'+,'+

H1%ra') c #o+or !,ee% RPM 8 GPM ( 23; : % 8 23;0 rp!

I$,'+


5

+


81/135

P'#, )o GPM 8 20 gp!P'#, ,re!!'re P 8 (000 psi

P'#, e c e$c1 ,ece$+ e 8 10$00 T@'+,'+

P'#, ,o er HP 8 ;00 GPM ( P : ; F; ( e 8 ;6.F hp

Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! !,rea% !hee+.


82/135


Da#,e% ra+ o$! 5 +h 4orc $& 4'$c+ o$5he inertia %orces o% rotating and oscillating !achinery cause elastic supports to ibrate$Fibration a!plitudes can be reduced by installing ibration da!ping !ounting pads or springs$

S #,)e ra+ $& S1!+e#!N"ternal %orcing %unction );t< aries with ti!e and is e"ternally applied to the !ass M$

)! is the !a"i!u! applied %orce$M is the !ass o% the ibration ob/ect that is e ual to :'g$

g is the gra itational constant, *2$2 %t'secQ2$ is the displace!ent %ro! the e uilibriu! position$

C is the da!ping constant %orce per second elocityand is proportional to elocity$@ is the spring sti%%ness %orce per inch$

?$%a#,e% ra+ o$!% the !ass M shown abo e is displaced through distance " and released it will ibrate %reely$nda!ped ibrations are called %ree ibrations$ 7oth " and g are !easured in inch units$

I$,'+:eight, : 8 2 lb

Spring sti%%ness, & 8 (0 lb'inCa)c')a+ o$

Grav +a+ o$a) Co$+e$+ & 8 32.2 +:!ec 2J 8 3.;F2

S+a+ c De )ec+ o$ ( 8 5 : k8 0.20 $

Ma!! M 8 5 : & ;2 8 0.00= ) # !ec 2: $

Na+'ra) 4re 'e$c1 $ 8 ;:2 J k :M .= H-8 69.0= H-

A$&')ar re 'e$c1 U 8 2 J $8 F3F ra%$:!ec


:e will assu!e, );t< 8 )!OSin;[t Pro+ec+ o$ > Pro+ec+ Shee+ > @

A B= I$,'+6 AD7 8 F.00

@PP 8 3.00" Ca)c')a+ o$!9 H P 8 AD7 2 < @PP 2 ;:2

;0 8 =.00



I$!er+ +he M cro!o + @ ce CD or A%% I$!

% N"celPs,OGoa) SeekO or OSo)verO are notinstalled you will need to select drop>down!enu# Too)! > A%% I$! > Goa) Seek Too)! > A%% I$! > So)ver

To o,e$ !e)ec+ Too)!.

5ha+ Ca)c')a+ o$!

N"cel will !a&e a, ]what i% calculation^ using, OGoa) SeekO when the ca)c')a+e% or#')ava)'e needs to be changed$

Goa) Seek E(a#,)e5he hypotenuse o% the right angle triangle abo e is calculated in the table below$ Colu!ns, Aand 7 are intercescted by rows . through (0 %or!ing cells$ Cell 76 contains the alue -$00$Cell 7(0 contains the %or!ula, 8 ;76Q2 ? 71Q2< Q ;('2< $

5he hypotenuse is %ound to be .$00 when the other two sides are# *$00 and -$00$ 9owe erthe, 4pti!u! Falue %or hypotenuse is 1$00$

Select the %or!ula cell, 7(0 and oal See& will calculate a new alue ;target alue< %or cell 71that will change the hypotenuse to 1$00$


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A B= I$,'+6 AD7 8 F.00

@PP 8 3.00" Ca)c')a+ o$!9 H P 8 AD7 2 < @PP 2 ;:2

;0 8 =.00

To Crea+e +he A ove Ta )e5ype, ] nput^ in cell 7. as shown below$ ]ADJ 8^ in cell A6$ ]-^ in cell 76$Co!plete the spreadsheet table below in colu!ns A and 7 down to row 3$

($ Select cell 73 with the !ouse pointer$2$ +ress &eys# ctrl and C together$*$ +ic& cell 7(0, Nnter$ 5he %or!ula, ; ADJQ2 ? 4++Q2


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2$ 5o the right o% the Data tab pic&, ]:hat> % Analysis^ %ollowed by, ] oal See&^ illustratedbelow$

*$ oal See& allows you to pic& the %or!ula cell with the .$00 result %ollowed by entering thedesired alue, 1$00 in the, ] oal See&^ dialog bo" below$

-$ Le"t pic& an input nu!ber, *$00 in this e"a!ple then pic&, 4@$

.$ N"cel has iterati el chan ed cell 71 to .$1- at which oint cell 7(0 is e ual to the desired


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E(ce)*! Goa) Seek E(a#,)eDr ve Sha + De! &$ I$,'+Motor +ower, 9+ 8 .$0 hp

Sha%t speed, L 8 (1.0 rp!5or ue shoc& %atigue %actor, @t 8 *

Sha%t dia!eter, D 8 0$.00 inSha%t length, = 8 (0 in

Material shear !odulus, 8 ((.00000 psi

Ca)c')a+ o$A,,) e% #o+or !ha + +or 'e Ta 8 ;2 33000 HP : 2 J N

8 ;"0.0= $ ) Sec+ o$ ,o)ar #o#e$+ o $er+ a 7 8 J D F : 32

7 8 0.006 $ F

result o% (0$00, below$


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A$! er/ De! &$ Tor 'e T% 8 + Ta8 =F0 $ )

Shear !+re!! or !ha +! S+ 8 T% D : 2 7 8 2200= ) : $ 2

Sha + +or! o$ %e )ec+ o$ a$&)e a 8 T% L : 7 G a 8 0.0 6= ra% a$!

a 8 F.39 %e&ree!

E(ce)*! Goa) Seek Pro )e#

S+e, ;.

S+e, 2.

S+e, 3.

S+e, F. +ic& the, 7y changing cell bo" and pic& the sha%t

S+e, =.

S+e, 6. se the sa!e spread sheet below#

Dr ve Sha + De! &$ I$,'+Motor +ower, 9+ 8 . hp

Sha%t speed, L 8 (1.0 rp!5or ue shoc& %atigue %actor, @t 8 *

Sha%t dia!eter, D 8 0$6(2 inSha%t length, = 8 (0 in

Material shear !odulus, 8 ((.00000 psi

Ca)c')a+ o$A,,) e% #o+or !ha + +or 'e Ta 8;2 33000 HP : 2 J N

8 ;"0.0= $ ) Sec+ o$ ,o)ar #o#e$+ o $er+ a 7 8 J D F : 32

7 8 0.0;F $ FA$! er/ De! &$ Tor 'e T% 8 + Ta

8 =F0 $ ) Shear !+re!! or !ha +! S+ 8 T% D : 2 7

8 ;2000 ) !: $ 2 Sha + +or! o$ %e )ec+ o$ a$&)e a 8 T% L : 7 G

a 8 0.03F; ra% a$!

se N"celPs, oal See& in the duplicate e"a!ple below to calculate a new sha%t dia!eter D that willreduce the abo e torsion stress o% 2200= lb%'inQ2 to;2000 lb%'inQ2, &eeping the sa!e . hp !otor$A$! er/ 0$6(2 inch dia!eter$

+ic& the torsion shear stress ;St< cell 730, 2000=

Select drop>down !enu, Too)! > Goa) Seek

+ic& the 5o alue bo" and type, ;2000

dia!eter D cell 71 initially containing, 0.=00

Clic&,@

5he sha%t torsion stress St will is set at ;2000 lb%'inQ2the sha%t dia!eter D has changed %ro! 0.=00 to 0.6;2 inches and the sha%t twist will change %ro! F.39 to;.9= degrees$


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a 8 ;.9= %e&ree!

Ma( k $e+ c e$er&1 .E. 8 ;:2 M; 2 U 2 < ;:2 M2 2 U 2

Ma( ,o+e$+ a) e$er&1 P.E. 8 ;:2 ; X; 2 < ;:2 2 X2 X; 2

Ne&)ec+ $& r c+ o$ Ma( .E. 8 Ma( P.E.

U 2 8 K ;< 2 X2:X; ; 2 : K M; So)ver > Se+ Tar&e+ Ce))/ > B;FF > E 'a) +o M $

The ra+ o$ 4orc $& 4'$c+ o$4ne end o% a spring ha ing sti%%ness @( is connected to !ass M( on wheels andthe other end is connected to a ertical wall$ 4ne end o% a second spring ha ingsti%%ness @2 is connected to !ass M2 on wheels and the other end is connectedto !ass M($

A %orce applied to !ass M( initiates the ibration$ )riction is s!all enough to beneglected$

Re%erence# MachineDesign by A$S$ 9all,

A$R$ 9olowen&o, 9$ $=aughlin, +ublishedbyMc raw>9ill$


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6. B1 Cha$& $& Ce)) > B;F0 > So)ve > ee, So)ver So)'+ o$

C D

5 Pro )e#6 G'e!! X 8 ;.F7

8 8 2 X = 3 X 2 =9 8 0.;23=

C D

5 So)'+ o$6

So)ve% X 8 ;.F0F;78 8 2 X = 3 X 2 =9 8 0.000F

E(ce)*! E 'a+ o$ OSo)verON"celPs So)ver can sol e one e uation o% the %or!# 1 e uals a %unction o%( , 1 8 ( $ 5he%unction o%( can be a polyno!ial ; a ? b" ? c"2 ? d"* ?I$ B"n 0$(2*. in the spreadsheettable abo e$2$ N"celPs Sol er will ad/ust the input alue o% , in this case($- in blue cell D6, by iteration;repeatedly< until the calculated alue o% in the yellow cell D3 approaches the target alue o%Bero, ; 0


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S #')+a$eo'! E 'a+ o$! ?! $& E(ce)*! OSo)verORe ere$ce/ .%!) # +e%. -:e(ce)Y+o+or a)!E 'a+ o$! +o e !o)ve%/

' < v < < ( < 1 8 =.=' < 2v < 0.=( < 21 8 22.=

2v < 2 ( 1 8 302' < 0. =( < 0.=1 8 ;;

' < 0.2=v < ( 8 ; .=

;. I$!er+ +he e 'a+ o$! e)o $+o co)'#$ B ce))!/E 'a+ o$! Co$!+a$+! So)'+ o$

8E;F6


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E 'a+ o$! Co$!+a$+! So)'+ o$Row (-6 .$. .$. u 8 ($00Row (-1 22$. 22$. 8 -$00Row (- *0$0 *0 w 8 1$.0Row (-3 >(($0 >(( " 8 > $00Row (.0 (1$. (1$. y 8 ($00


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o' #a1 '!e +he +a )e e)o +o !o)ve +he = ! #')+a$eo'! e 'a+ o$!.

E 'a+ o$! Co$!+a$+! So)'+ o$Row (-6 0$0 .$. u 8 0$00Row (-1 0$0 22$. 8 0$00Row (- 0$0 *0 w 8 0$00Row (-3 0$0 >(( " 8 0$00Row (.0 0$0 (1$. y 8 0$00

Th ! ! +he e$% o +h ! !,rea% !hee+.


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machine design calc

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