KA‘ENA

KEA‘AU

MA–

‘ILI

MA–

KAHA

MA–

KAHA VALLEY

MA–

KAHA VILLAGE

MA–

KUA

MA–

KUA KEA‘AU

MA–

KUA VALLEY

ULU WEHI

WAI‘ANAE

WAI‘ANAE KAI

CENTER

ON THE

FAMILYAloha United Way

AI‘ANAE AREAWC O M M U N I T Y P R O F I L E

NTRODUCTIONIHawai‘i no– ka ‘oi—Hawai‘i the best—is a sentiment shared by many people in our island

state. Those who have left and yearn to return home speak movingly about missing the bestbeaches in the world, delicious local grinds found no-where else, a mix of ethnicities at

school, play, and work, and the aloha spirit that infuses even the smallest act. There are so manyother things we can point to with pride:

• Hawai‘i has the lowest rates of child deaths and teen deaths in the nation

• Life expectancy is higher in Hawai‘i than anywhere else in the nation

• Three-fourths of Hawai‘i’s families eat dinner together 5 or more times a week

• More than 80% of Hawai‘i’s people feel they can rely on others in their community for help

• The average donation to charity is higher in Hawai‘i at every income level when compared to mainland giving.

There are, of course, many serious problems that require our attention and action. Some of thesemay seem monumental and insurmountable, such as the problem of drug abuse, but Hawai‘i’s people, working together, have overcome major obstacles in the past and can do so in the future.

This is one of 43 community profiles developed by the Center on the Family that can be used as aresource to improve conditions for children and families in your neighborhood. The profiles providedata and information about the people who live in specific geographic areas encompassed by a public high school and all of its feeder intermediate and elementary schools. Factual informationprovides a good starting point for making informed decisions and plans for strategic action. We hopethat this first-ever presentation of data at the school/community-complex level will provide you witha better understanding of your community and spur you to take action to keep Hawai‘i no– ka ‘oi.

This community with a median age of only 29.2, the fourth lowest in the State, has almost 31,000residents and includes the neighborhoods of Wai‘anae, Ma–‘ili, Ma–kaha, Ma–kua, Ka‘ena, and

Ulu Wehi. The proportion of young people from birth to age 19 is one of the highest in the State, while the concentration of residents over age 65 is among the lowest. The ethnic makeup of these neighborhoods is mixed, with relatively low percentages of Caucasians and Asians and highpercentages of multi-racial, Other Pacific Islander, Hawaiian, and Part-Hawaiian residents.

The Wai‘anae area ranks poorly on many measures of child and family well being, includingunemployment, per capita income, children in poverty, child abuse rates, and school safety. In aStatewide student survey, more than 60% of the adolescents responding in this community reportedneighborhood fights, graffiti, drugs, and crime. There are high levels of disability and unmet healthneeds. Other areas of concern are the poor performance of 3rd graders on the math and reading SAT,tests, teacher turnover, school attendance, low levels of college acceptance, and the high percentageof youths ages 16-19 who are not in school and not working.

Despite these challenges, the Wai‘anae Area has many strengths. The neighborhoods are stable, andmore than half of the residents own their own homes. The extended family is common; few seniorcitizens live alone and many ku–puna live with and provide care for their grandchildren. Parentsreport involvement with their children’s schoolwork at a level almost as high as the State average.The percentage of high school seniors who graduate is comparable to the Statewide average.

AI‘ANAE AREAW

WAI‘ANAEAREA

30,83229.2

59.2%13.2%1.2%

19.0%1.3%

11.3%3.7%0.4%2.4%5.0%

19.1%

51.2%42.0%

POPULATION BY AGE

Under 5

5 - 19

20 - 34

35 - 64

65 and over

85 and over

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

ETHNICITY

Caucasian

African-American

Chinese

Filipino

Japanese

Korean

Other Asian & Asian combinations

Native Hawaiian

Native Hawaiian in combination

Other Pacific Islander

Other or multi-racial

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Wai‘anae AreaState of Hawai‘i

Wai‘anae AreaState of Hawai‘i

Management &Professional

21.8%

Service23.1%

Sales & Office25.7%

Construction, Extraction& Maintenance

13.3%

Production,Transportation & Moving

13.0%

Armed Forces1.6%

Farming, Fishing &Forestry

1.4%

YOUR NEIGHBORS AT WORK

Total PopulationMedian age

EMOGRAPHICSDHONOLULU

COUNTYSTATE

OF HAWAI‘I

Percent choosing only 1 race Caucasian African-American Asian:

Chinese Filipino Japanese Korean Other Asian and Asian combinations

Other Pacific Islander Native HawaiianNative Hawaiian alone or in combination with 1 or more other racesSome other race or choosing 2 or more races

876,15635.7

80.1%21.3%2.4%

46.0%6.1%

14.2%18.4%2.5%4.9%3.2%5.6%

17.5%21.2%

1,211,53736.2

78.6%24.3%1.8%

41.6%4.7%

14.1%16.7%1.9%4.2%2.8%6.6%

19.8%22.7%

RACE AND ETHNICITY

Number of familiesFamilies with children under age 18Families with children, headed by married coupleAverage household sizeAdolescents reporting close family ties Parents report checking child’s homework andother public school involvementAdolescents reporting poor parental supervision Parents feeling positive about students’ safetyPersons receiving Temporary Assistance to NeedyFamilies (TANF)Families receiving food stampsPopulation ages 21-64 with disabilitiesHouseholds lacking telephone service

205,67244.3%77.4%

3.045.0%

63.9%45.7%68.7%

5.0%12.2%16.8%1.7%

287,06845.0%74.8%

2.946.2%

63.2%46.3%66.8%

5.4%13.2%17.7%2.0%

AMILYF

Per capita incomeHome ownership - owner occupied housing unitsResidential stability - lived in same house from1995-2000Residents who are U.S. citizens born in HawaiiNew immigrants - foreign-born residents whoentered Hawaii since 1990Residents over age 5 with language other thanEnglish at homePopulation over age 16 in the labor forceCivilian UnemploymentAdults with high school diploma or higherAdults with Bachelor's Degree or higherAdolescents reporting unsafe neighborhoodsAdolescents lacking close neighborhood ties Teachers with 5+ years at their schoolTeachers with advanced degreesTeachers reporting a safe school environment

$21,99854.6%

56.3%55.8%

6.5%

28.9%447,320

6.2%84.8%27.9%45.8%38.7%68.3%17.9%67.7%

$21,52656.5%

56.8%56.9%

6.0%

26.6%612,773

6.3%84.6%26.2%43.9%38.6%66.4%19.1%68.2%

OMMUNITYCHONOLULU

COUNTYSTATE

OF HAWAI‘I

HONOLULUCOUNTY

STATEOF HAWAI‘I

**

*

*

*These data represent responses from 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th graders from both public and privateschools. Many communities had a higher proportion of young respondents and some communitieshad a low response rate overall. Age and sample size may affect the results.

6,58952.4%63.8%

3.846.0%

60.7%44.6%52.8%

23.4%51.0%24.4%

6.2%

$13,61353.7%

58.7%76.6%

2.9%

19.2%12,89615.1%78.4%

9.0%61.8%43.6%57.5%10.7%51.3%

WAI‘ANAEAREA

WAI‘ANAEAREA

80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0% Teachers Parents Students

SCHOOL SAFETY PERCEPTIONS

Wai‘anae AreaState of Hawai‘i

Percent of teachers, parents, and students whoreport their schools are safe

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%Unemployment

RatePersons

ReceivingTANF

FamiliesReceiving Food

Stamps

Wai‘anae AreaState of Hawai‘i

ECONOMIC INDICATORS

K - 8 students with health insuranceChild abuse rate per 1000 childrenChildren ages 0-4 living in povertyChildren ages 0-5 with all parents in the labor forceChildren ages 3-5 enrolled in nursery school, pre-school, or kindergartenChildren ages 6-8 with untreated tooth decayStudents in public school program for limitedEnglish proficiencySAT Reading: 3rd graders scoring below average SAT Math: 3rd graders scoring below average Public school students in Special EducationPublic school 8th graders who feel safe at schoolAdolescents reporting exposure to illicit drug usein their school and community Adolescents reporting a lack of interest in schoolTeens age 16-19, not in school and not workingPublic school attendanceGraduation rates of public school seniorsPublic school seniors with plans for 2 or 4 year college Percent accepted of the seniors with plans for college

85.3%33

32.9%54.7%

56.3%45.5%

3.4%31.9%40.6%16.6%33.1%

11.4%42.2%18.7%90.8%94.4%

55.5%

48.4%

91.4%10

13.6%60.7%

73.0%37.9%

7.1%17.1%18.1%10.3%36.5%

12.4%44.0%7.9%

93.7%94.8%

75.9%

60.1%

90.3%11

15.4%61.8%

72.7%36.0%

6.3%17.8%18.1%11.0%37.6%

14.5%45.3%8.6%

93.4%94.6%

74.8%

58.5%

HILDRENCWAI‘ANAE

AREAHONOLULU

COUNTYSTATE

OF HAWAI‘I

Individuals age 65 & older living aloneIndividuals age 65 & older living in povertyIndividuals age 65 & older with a disabilityGrandparents who live in the same household as their grandchildren under age 18Grandparents responsible for the care of grandchildren with whom they live

12.6%11.1%45.0%

2,134

32.4%

17.0%7.4%

40.4%

36,668

28.1%

17.8%7.4%

40.6%

49,237

28.5%

LDERLYEWAI‘ANAE

AREAHONOLULU

COUNTYSTATE

OF HAWAI‘I

*

*

Wai‘anae Area

State

Wai‘anae Area

State

Below AverageAverageAbove Average

3RD GRADE SAT

MAT

HRE

AD

ING 31.9% 61.3% 6.8%

17.8% 60.5% 21.7%

40.6% 53.0% 6.5%

18.1% 54.5% 27.4%

CENTER

ON THE

FAMILY

There are various ways to assess the strength of a community. For thisreport, nine indicators of child, family, and community strengths wereselected. Standard scores were derived for each of the nine indicatorsand summarized into a cumulative score for each of 42 school complexareas. A 43rd community, Ni‘ihau, was omitted from the index becausesome data were unavailable. Those communities that scored highest onthe protection index are more likely to have children who are nurturedand doing well in school, families that are healthy, and communitieswhich are economically vital.

ROTECTION INDEXP

Klingle, R.S. (2001). Ka leo o na– keiki: The 2000 Hawai‘i student alcohol,tobacco, and other drug use study. Kapolei, HI: State of Hawai‘i,Department of Health, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Division.

State of Hawai‘i, Department of Education, Planning and EvaluationBranch, Evaluation Section, (2001). School quality survey. (2001).School status and improvement reports. [Online:] http://arch.k12.hi.us/(April 15, 2002).

_____. (2002). Senior exit plans survey. [Online:] http://arch.k12.hi.us/(October 25, 2002).

State of Hawai‘i, Department of Health, Dental Health Division. (2002).Statewide public school oral health assessment.

State of Hawai‘i, Department of Human Services. (1999). TANF and foodstamps data. Unpublished raw data.

State of Hawai‘i, Department of Labor and Industrial Relations. (2001).Labor force and unemployment data. Unpublished raw data.

U.S. Census Bureau. (2000). Census 2000. [Online:] http://www.census.gov/ census2000/ states/ hi.html (September 30, 2002).

Wood, D. William (2001). Hawai‘i Covering Kids data project.Unpublished raw data.

EFERENCESR

CENTER ON THE FAMILY

COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE & HUMAN RESOURCES

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I

2515 CAMPUS ROAD, MILLER HALL 103HONOLULU, HI 96822

PH: 808.956.4132 FX: 808.956.4147VISIT OUR WEBSITE AT www.uhfamily.hawaii.edu

-2 -1.5 -1 -.5 0 .5 1

PROTECTION INDEX

KalaniKaiserCastleKailua

‘AieaLa–na‘i

RooseveltMililaniKahukuKala–heo

Pearl CityLaupa–hoehoe

King KekaulikeHonoka‘a

KapoleiNorth Kona

Central Kaua‘iSouth Kona

BaldwinWest Kaua‘i

Waialua

Central HiloHiloKaimuki

-

MoanaluaEast Kaua‘iWaipahuMoloka‘iMauiCampbellLahainalunaRadfordHanaKea‘auKohalaPahoaNa–na–kuliMcKinleyWai‘anaeLeilehuaFarringtonKa‘u

-2 -1.5 -1 -.5 0 .5 1

COF 2003, November (Version 1.1)