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Section 3 VocabularySection 3 Vocabulary

KyotoKyoto – capital of Japan

Murasaki ShikibuMurasaki Shikibu– wrote The Tale of Genji believed to be worlds first novel

SectSect– smaller religious group

Martial arts Martial arts – sport that involves combat and self-defense

meditationmeditation – practice of clearing mind to finding inner peace through relaxation

calligraphy calligraphy – art of writing beautifully

tankatanka – Japan’s oldest form of poetry – unrhymed poem of 5 lines

guildguild – business groups who sold items to daimyo

Japanese Religion and Japanese Religion and CultureCulture

Section 3 NotesSection 3 Notes

Buddhism and Shinto religions affected Japanese art, architecture, novels and plays

Many Japanese went to China to get ideas

Most Japanese believed in both Buddhism and Shinto

Shinto dealt with daily life

Buddhism dealt with the after-life

Section 3 NotesSection 3 Notes

Pure Land Buddhism = happy life after death –able to enter paradise- if they have faith in Amida & chant his name

Zen Buddhism = find inner peace through self-control and simple life. They practiced meditation and martial arts as way to control

Section 3 NotesSection 3 Notes

Art & Architecture Japan borrowed ideas from Korea and China and later created their own styles. Japanese created origami.

Poems and Plays Japanese used Chinese for writing then added symbols for their own sounds. Every educated Japanese was expected to practice calligraphy.

They believe a person’s calligraphy revealed their education, social standing, and character

Section 3 NotesSection 3 Notes

Oldest form of poetry was called Tanka. It has 5 lines and doesn’t rhyme. Usually about nature’s beauty & joy/sorrows of life

Haiku developed from Tanka – Haiku has 3 lines w/17 syllables

The world’s first novel was written by Lady Murasaki Shikibu. She wrote The Tale of Genji

Japanese created plays too – called Noh – to teach Buddhist ideas

Economy and SocietyEconomy and Society

Section 3 NotesSection 3 Notes

Some Japanese nobles, merchants and artisans grew wealthy during the shogun

period but lives of women remained restricted in many areas of life

Section 3 NotesSection 3 Notes

Artisans on daimyo estates made weapons, armor, tools, pottery, paper, textiles, lacquered goods.

Merchants sold these goods in Kyoto – the capital city and center of production and trade. Merchants formed guilds to protect and increase profits

Japan traded with China, Korea and SE Asia

Farmers and Artisans Japan’s wealth came from farmers who grew rice, wheat, millet and barley. They used a better irrigation process and planted more crops.

BETTER IRRIGATION = MORE CROPS = MORE FOOD = MORE PEOPLE

Section 3 NotesSection 3 Notes

During Shotoku wealthy women could have high position in society. They could rule & own property.

When Japan a warrior society- with samurai and daimyo - women lost freedoms.

In farm families women had greater say in who they married.

Role of women – men headed the family. Women expected to obey her father, husband and sons. In wealthy families marriages were arranged to increase family wealth.

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

? ?Why did women lose freedoms during warrior society

Why would marriages for wealthy women arranged but farm women were allowed to chose their own husbands

Center of government and religion in Japan A.D. 700

NaraNaraWho was given govt. jobs in Japan? Wealthy Wealthy

noblesnoblesHow did emperor gain power

Control of land Control of land and cropsand cropsWhat country brought Buddhism

to Japan? KoreaKorea

Defeated the Taira clan in 1185Minamoto Minamoto YoritomoYoritomosamurai who gave oath of loyalty

to his daimyo vassalsvassals

bond of loyalty between a lord and a vassal feudalismfeudalism

capital of Japan under Emperor Kammu HeianHeian