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6(l{ori) is ALWAYS the 6'best

tirne" in Louisiana. . . theretssornething to do, someplaceto go, fun and exciternent all-year! Sports, history, floralbeauty, cultural eventso otlt-door aetivities and easy, sur-prise-filled touring know noseason in la belle Louisiane.The food alone is worth avisit. So whether it's t6Y'all

eorne" or t6viens ici" . . . thewelcorne mat is out for YOUto

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REI.A)( . IIW. PLAY

ANd ENTOY

10l|l$l[]l[FOR FREE, FULL.COLOR

GUIDEBOOK, WRITE TODAY!

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! Oept. ot Gommerce & tndustry

Tourist Bureau, Dept. SP5.2

State ol Louisiana

P. O. Bor 4291, Gapitol Station

Baton Bougc 4, Louisiana

NAME.

CITY.. ..STATE.

SHOPWALKNcw inflatablc toyr and equipment willprovide fun on the watcr this summcr

I lntil some Nosy Parker of a scientist comesfJ uo with proof to the contrary, air is stilllighter than water-and a whole industrycontinues to thrive on this bit of elementaryphysics. It all started with the inner tube, andthe end is not yet in sight. Inflatable ob-jects range from water toys that resemble a

zooful of colorful animals to station wagonmattresses to small boats for hunters andfishermen. Because they can be deflatedwhen not in use, they take up very littlestorage space, whether in an automobile ora closet. They are Iightweight, and if proper-ly cared for will wear better and last longerthan foam-composition equipment or toys.

Most good inflatables now stress safetyfeatures such as dual air chambers that are

completely independent of each other andwhich inflate and seal separately. If a stop-per should pop off accidentally or a punc-

ture occur in one air chamber, the other airchamber will support the float until safetyis reached or repairs can be made. Manyseams are double laminated. Valves on someof the better equipment are designed so thatthey allow air to enter freely but keep itfrom escaping. Caps are generally added toeach valve as an extra precaution.

The composition of most inflatables,whether boats, mattresses or toys, is eithervinyl plastic or rubberized fabric. Inexpen-sive vinyl inflatables are sometimes madeof reused vinyl which does not hold up wellunder wear. A good virgin vinyl generallyruns from 12 to 14 gauge (weight and thick-ness). Manufacturers, however, are not re-quired to mark the gauge of vinyl. The bestway to tell the difference between vinyls is

to feel and compare the thickness andweight; an inexpensive, reused vinyl is gen-

erally much thinner and lighter.Rubberized fabric is durable and more

difficult to puncture than vinyl. It is madeofheavy-duty cotton duck or nylon that has

been impregnated with liquid rubber. Thisseals the fabric, making it watertight. Mat-tresses and tubes made of rubberized fabricdo not stick together from the inside whendeflated as old rubber inner tubes do whenthey are stored away for the winter. Thefabric is treated and powdered on the insideto prevent sticking.

Parents and nonswimmers should keep inmind that many inflatables, as well as otherfloating devices, ate not life preservers, un-less they are specifically labeled as such.Most floating objects are primarily for funand comfort.

A wide assortment of pumps and infla-tors to take the work out of blowing up in-flatable equipment is available this season.

There are hand pumps, foot pumps, built-inpumps, replaceable COz cartridges and even

M2

Want to visit exciting new places? Or

maybe you'd prefer heading for the moun'tain country with its tall trees and cool

crystat lakes? Perhaps you know a road

somewhere you'd like to follow to the end.

tt's att the same with an Airstream Land

Yacht-a personat highway cruiser out'fitted down to the smallest luxurious detailfor limittess road voyaging...good beds,

bathroom, hot and cold water, reltigerc'tion, heat and light independent of outsidesources wherever you go-for a night, a

week, or a month. Airstream Land Yacht'ing means real travel independence-notime-tabtes, tickets, packing. You iust towyour Airstream lightly behind your car and

fottow your travel whims wherever theyurge you to go. Yes, it's the exciting, betterway to travel here in North America or

anywhere in the world.

write for interesling free booklet"World At Your DoorsleP"

AIRSTREAIUI ING.700 clluncH sr., ,Acrsoil cENrER, 0lll0

t2804 E. TIRESIOI{E, SA}IIA rE SPRI}IGS 50, CAIIF.

cdt

INFLATORS COME IN VARIETY OF SIZES

an inflator that plugs into an auto dash-board. These windsavers range in price from70d to Sl3.

The three inflators sketched above arefrom the Hirsch-Weis Canvas Company inPortland, Ore. The accordion-pleated, cone-shaped pump on top (S5) operates by handor foot. Manufactured in Germany, it ismade of red rubber and utilizes a coil springfor fast, easy operation. The tip will fit metalvalves, and it comes with an adapter to fitrubber valves. The center pump is called anall-purpose Sports-Lung ($1.35). It is a hand-operated bellows. It is metal-reinforced onboth sides, and the bellows is made of rub-berized blue cloth. The rubber hose will fitany air mattress. The bottom inflator iscalled a Lectro-Flate air pump ($13). Iteliminates all the work of hand, foot ormouth inflation because it plugs into thelighter socket on an auto dashboard. It willinflate anything, from inflatable cushionsand decoys to station wagon mattresses,backyard swimming pools and boats. Itcomes with a rubber adapter hose for metalvalves and operates on 12 volts.

The Voit Rubber Company hirs a hand-operated Inflato-Bag Air Pump (70d')which is made of heavy plastic and is de-signed to trap a large volume of air throughlight hand pressure. Air moves through anattached tube ttrat fits onto all oversizevalves. Voit also makes a Lung Pump ($2)of heavy-gauge vinyl that measures about 12inches by 6 inches and is almost flat. It oper-ates with coil-spring action for fast inflationby foot or hand. Compressed COz gas cyl-inders or cartridges are also available forrapid inflation. They can be obtained fromthe Gokey Company, St. Paul (four for$1.20, postpaid).

The large Voit two-man utility boat ($50)continued

from stem

to

Everything about the Raven is right The,clean-lined honesty of her ruggedlapstrake hull. The way she understands the water-and dominates it. Thespacious way she welcoines you aboard. It's a pleasure to be surrounded by a

Raven! This year-by.boatsmen's demands-there are three Ravens. You'll findone that's the classic utility boat for your family. Raven l9'-spry as a runabout,stable as a cruiser, perfect for water skiing. Raven 22'-the original Raven-now with a redesigned interior for even moreroominess. Raven 26'-buih big to sleepfour, to accommodate a galley and a dinette,

THE BY

stern

A Raven Beauty!

to be fitted with twin engine porrer. Write .= ==I7-to Dept. S-5 for our .o*pl"t" *orog".. CDemGUngt

RAIIEil

M3 1860 BROADWAY AT 61ST STREET, NEW YORK 23, NEW YORK

Before Uoubuu arig

outboardboat...

MAKE THE

rC\,altrery{a(Compare roominess . . . sturdiness . . . con-struction . . . feature-by-feature . . . fact-by-fact . . . take an honest objective look atall outboards before you invest. MFG canhelp you make this comparison . ahandy easy-to-use guide to outboard boatbuying. Prove to yourself why MFG is bestboat built . . . anywhere. Ask your MFGdealer for a free copy or write direct.

$EgBEsr BoAr EUrLr. . - anv,h.te

lloldcd Fi0cr Gless Boat Co., 67 Fourth Ave., Union City. Pr.ln Canada: Canadian Locpmolive Limited, l(ingston, ont.

@ Wcrld'r lorgcrr p.ode..ri c, ib.r glorr rcinlorcrd plcrtir:

ffi,ffi'

ffiffi ffir;:x1+tr.:'ili,'*:Please send the FREE Bermuda Fishing Kit andnew 16 page four colour booklet "Bermuda,, to:

SHOPWALK continued

is designed for hunters, fishermen, skindivers and vacationers. It is 8r/z feetlong, 4yzfeet wide and 20 inches deep and is madeof blue double-gauge extra-heavy-duty Iami-nated vinyl. Three separate air chambersplus a concealed inner tube give it maxi-mum safety; either of the two main cham-bers is supposed to keep two adults and a30-pound motor afloat. Each air chamberhas a one-way valve that lets air in but pre-vents it from escaping. To deflate, a smalltool is inserted into the valve and is lockedthere until all the air has been removed. Theboat comes equipped with a sea anchor,tow rope, tie-on ropes for oars, repair kitwith extra deflating tools and a heavy-dutybag-type inflator. Diagrams for installingseat and motor attachments also come withthe boat. Thousands of these little boats areowned by hunters and fishermen because oftheir usefulness and because of the easewith which they can be transported andstored. Skin divers who carry a lot of heavygear should put an inflatable mattress in theboat to protect the craft from sharp spearsand equipment.

The Neptune Kayak ($150) is a two-seater sports boat made by Metzler of WestGermany for Healthways, Los Angeles. It is6 feet long and has five air chambers. Brightred in color, it is made of extra-heavy-dutyrubberized canvas. Best of all, it will fold upinto a shoulder carrying bag.

Voit has copied the adult utility boat foryoungsters (right, $6) and added a featurethat should give extra interest and enjoy-ment. A transparent viewing port in the bot-tom of the boat provides a clear underwaterview. The boat is 52 inches long,27 incheswide and l0 inches deep and has two sepa-rate air chambers with double laminatedseams. There is a water chamber in the bot-tom of the boat that helps keep the craftupright while boarding. F.A.O. Schwarz hasan inflatable boat ($2S;, made in Austriaof heavy-gauge vinyl, that looks like a com-fortable bathtub. It is 70 inches long, 36inches wide and 14 inches deep and has fiveseparate air chambers, one on each of thefour sides and another on the bottom. Theinflatable bottom is to insure comfort as

well as balance in the water.Air mattresses have been designed this

season for a wide variety of uses. Some havegrommets attached to them so that two mat-tresses can be snapped together to make awall-to-wall sleeping area in a station wagon.Other mattresses are made in new longerlengths to fit inside sleeping bags. The mostcomfortable air mattresses (all are guaran-teed never to have lumps) are the ones con-structed with tufts or squared quilting.These will not roll, and provide a uniformand comfortable sleeping surface. Mosthave built-in air pumps.

F.A.O. Schwarz carries an elegant all-purpose air mattress ($35), made in Aus-tria, that can be used as a sunning mattress,

M4

sleeping cot, chair or chaise longue. Madeof red plaid rubberized fabric, it is 75 incheslong by 24 inches wide. Each of the threesections inflates sgparately. The metal alloyframe is jointed and can be set and lockedat four different angles. The legs fold for flatpacking.

L. L. Bean (Freeport, Me.) makes an ex-cellent air mattress ($21.85) for camp, sta-tion wagon or beach. It is constructed ofheavy rubberized cotton, with special tuftedconstruction that gives it uniform thicknessthroughout. Equipped with a brass rotatinglock-type valve, it is 75 by 25 inches andcan be used in a sleeping bag.

A double-width (72 by 47 inches) sta-tion-wagon mattress of laminated vinyl ($6),which can also be used in the water, is madeby Holiday, New York City. It features twopillows that inflate individually and two sep-arate valves for the body of the mattress.Holiday also has a surfrider mattress ($4),with a clear-plastic viewing window built in.Made of heavy-duty vinyl for surfing, it is72 inches long by 30 inches wide and hasthree separate air valves for inflating.

A good safety raft for pools and lakes isHealthrvays' 5 l-by-54-inch canvas-and-latexrubber raft ($30). It has six air chambers(one on each of the four sides and two in themiddle of the raft). Ropes pass throughgrommets on all four sides of the raft foradded safety.

The most imaginative swimming toys forchildren this season are inflatable turtles,crabs, inchworms and walruses. The turtle($5 at F.A.O. Schwarz) is made of heavy-gauge vinyl and is 2l inches long. Its flatback provides a comfortable water ride forchildren while its head conceals a squeaker.It floats on three separate air chambers, andthe flippers can be filled with water for addedstability.

Alvimar puts ont the realistic-lookingcrab ($2). Made of vinyl, it is 22 inches indiameter and has a split tail that helps tohold a youngster securely. Alvimar alsomakes a colorful six-panel beach ball ($1)with a painted face and googly eyes thatmove. It is 20 inches in diameter.

The suave-lookinginchworm is 50 inchescontinued

VOIT BOAT FOR KIDS HAS VIEWING PORT

M5

the u ncom mon motorThese two people are obviously difterent in many respects

-but they do have one thing in common , they careabout the motor oil they use. That means they demand the

finest-and get it-in WoLF's Hr,eo. The uncommon qual-ity of WoLF's Hr,ep results from the fact it is 1007o PurePennsylvania, Tri-Ex refined three important e.rrr4 steps

for maximum lubricating efficiency, and scientificallyfortified to clean as it lubricates. Give your car the finestengine protection money can buy-insist on WoLF's HEID,"finest of the fine" premium quality motor oils.

Life is precious. Protect it.Take special pains to assure that the life jacket you choose will saveher life when it must. A GenTex life jacket will. lt is designed to turnthe wearer "Face-Up" in the water even when stunned or uncon-scious. GenTex life jackets and skee belts are constructed of GenTexfoam for safety, and molded for comfort. Boating or water skiing,safety begins before the fun...when you put on a GenTex CoastGuard Approved life jacket or a GenTex Skee Belt. Write for free litera-ture: GenTex Corporation, 45O 7th Avenue, New York L, New York

GenTex,Marine Products

at better marine and sporting good shops everywhere

SIIOPWALK continued

long and has three buoyant air chambers(below, $2). Children can float on it or rideit like a horse. The fat, shiny, 30-inch wal-rus ($2.50) comes complete with inflatabletusks and rolling eyes. Both worm and wal-rus are made by Ideal Toys, New YorkCity. Ideal puts out a paddle tennis game($1) consisting of two inflated 17-inch rack-ets that make a walloping sound when theyconnect with a tennis-size inflated ball; thegame also comes with a standard-size poly-ethylene shuttlecock. Another good watergame is the Air-O-Ball pool and beach game(General Sportcraft, New York City, $3).Two inflatable vinyl balls, mounted on 5-inch wooden handles, are used to bat a 9-inch inflated ball back and forth.

The Gokey Company has revived the oldinner tube for swimming pool play. Calledthe Safety-Play tube, it is made of Butyl rub-

SUAVE INCHWORM IS 4 FEET LONG

ber in standard tire sizes and is available inbright red or yellow ($4.25). The big differ-ence between it and a real inner tube is thevalve, which is recessed so that the metalstem willnot scratch children using the tube.

There are a number of life preservers avail-able that are inflated almost instantly bycompressed COz Bas cartridges. Voitcarriesaneon-red vest-style skin diver's life preserverwith adjustable straps ($20) that can be in-flated by either cartridge or mouth. It ismade of heavy-duty neoprene-coated nylonand is supposed to hold the face out of thewater when it inflates.

A yoke-shaped inflatable vest that utilizesa Mae West design (without bulk or padding,however) comes from the Gokey Company($1t1. It can be worn over or under clothingwithout hampering movement, which makesit ideal for fishermen and hunters. The vestis also excellent for water skiers since it in-flates instantly when an emergency knob ispulled. It comes in one size for both adultsand children.

-Jurn CaMpserr

M6

Drowings by Tony Rovielli

FaTrtW Outboa,rd;iroglty ll'illittrtt (trllitts tt,itlt At.tltttt, Zielt.

lTl en years ago, when Bill and Mike-the oldest of nry- four boys-and I launched a small outboard boat on

the Rock River near our home in Rockford, Ill., the boysdid not know much about boats. Since then we have trav-eled well over 10,000 miles together-fishing, water skiingand cruising. We have been down the Mississippi and theMissouri, across the Great Lakes, through the Bahamas andeven over to Cuba twice. I trust Bill and Mike in these smallpowerboats now; they have learned how to handle them-selves sensibly when they are aboard. And in teaching themI have relearned some of the basic rules of good boating.

For example, look at the drawing above, showing the fiveof us enjoying an afternoon swim. Everyone is relaxed, butthere is no carelessness. Although the engine is off, I am atthe wheel, ready to start the boat if it drifts too far from aswimmer. Mike, age 17, is using the boarding ladder insteadof trying to scramble over the high topsides. Seven-year-old Dan, who isn't a strong swimmer, is wearing a life jacket.The inner tube that Bill, 20, is tending, provides somethingfor I l-year-old Rick to rest on while he is waiting to comeup the ladder. The older boys apply these practices by reflexnow. The younger ones are just beginning to learn, and if I

66

PART I Iletter lloa.ti,ng

can instill in them the importance of being sensible, I knowthey will have more fun out on the water in the years ahead.

A sensible attitude-common sense, we used to call it,until it was found to be so uncommon-should be the basisof all boating pleasure. But coast guardsmen, harbor mas-ters, and boating dealers agree that it is the hardest thing toinstifl in a boat owner. In Miami some years ago I watcheda novice boat buyer put down cash for a new runabout andengine. Then, without asking any questions or waiting forinstructions, he jumped aboard, started the engine and be-gan backing out of the slip. There was. of course, no law tostop him; anyone can buy a boat, and no driver's examina-tion or pilot's license is yet required for pleasure craft. Be-fore this particular tyro had moved a hundred yards hewas overboard, floundering in the water, his boat spinningin the channel currents. Both were rescued, fortunately, butafterward the dealer made a remark that has stayed with meever since. "I don't get it," he said. "A guy may spendmonths learning to fly a plane, but he'll gamble his comfortand safety that he knows by instinct how to handle a boat."

I don't get it, either. Boating knowledge doesn't just cometo a man; it's got to be learned, and then practiced. Themost important lesson I've learned is that the more I knowthe more fun boating becomes. And, after all, unless a per-son is a professional fisherman, a Navy man or the captain

of a ferry or tug there is not one sensible reason to be out ina boat except to enjoy oneself. Boating without know-howis not fun. Usually it's uncomfortable, sometimes it's dan-gerous and always it's foolish. It is foolish because themeans of acquiring boating knowledge is so readily avail-able. The IJ.S. Power Squadrons, the Coast Guard Auxil-iary, many YMCAs and some boat dealers offer free coursesin water skills and safety.

The time to begin being sensible is when first selecting aboat. Unfortunately there are unsafe boats sold every day;the best precaution against them is a reputable dealer. Myfirst concern is where and how a boat will be used. Forfishing I want a beamy boat that provides stability forpeople to move around when playing fish. On small inlandlakes, where waters are generally calm, a flat-bottom boatis fine; but a flat bottom will have difficulty in the swell andchop of offshore fishing. Water skiing requires speed andpower (25-horsepower minimum); round-chine hulls allowyou to make fast turns without flopping over, and low free-board affords easy recovery of skiers. For long-distancecruising, I look for high freeboard for security in roughweather.

I'm wary of self-bailing plugs after twice seeing boatssunk at dockside in Florida because the owners forgot toclose the plugs. A double transom or a well for mountingthe engine is essential; on a sudden stop a stern wave mayswamp a boat without one. Flotation devices such as blockStyrofoam are essential; without them most powerboatswill sink if they capsize. And finally, don't let the glitter offancy chromework influence your choice of a boat. Chromedoesn't float and does very little to hold a boat together.

I tend to be conservative about engine horsepower. Lowhorsepower is cheaper and, I think, safer in the long run.The biggest engine I ever owned was 3s-horsepower. ltpulled a water skier, got me where I was going and back,could be started by hand if the battery failed-in fact, it dideverything a bigger engine would do except go faster. Anal-ogies between boat engines and high-horsepower automo-biles are as wrong as they are frequent. Boats are not likeautomobiles. Boats have no brakes. Boats turn from theirsource of power, the stern. A light boat pushed to highspeeds by an oversized engine is hard to control. I don'tcondemn big engines; a bigger boat needs a bigger engine.But let the men who make the engines decide how big. CarlKiekhaefer, president of the Kiekhaefer Corporation, whichdeveloped the Mercury 10O-horsepower outboard, says flat-ly, "we didn't build the I00 for wild-haired speed maniacs.we developed higher horsepower, not to make boats gofaster, but to give the public the extra comfort and safety ofIarger boats." The outboard Boating Club of America, aresearch firm, affixes a plate specifying horsepower rangesand maximum weight load for each of their boats; Mer-cury dealers subscribe to the Boathouse Bulletin Service,which recommends engine sizes according to boat modeland water conditions where the boat will be used. Otherdealers have similar services, but if none is available it iswise to write the manufacturer asking his recommendationsbefore buying an engine.

As a lawyer I perhaps am rnore impressed than most peo-ple with the desirability of knowing the rules of the road.The Federal Boating Act prescribes a fine up to $2,000,a'year in jail maximum or both for recklessly operating a

boat. Unfortunately, the rules are not as clear as many jiffyboating pamphlets imply. It is true enough that I am re-sponsible for damage caused by my wake. True, when back-ing my stern becomes my bow. And true, when my boat ispassing yours or you are approaching on my right, that theburden is on me to get out of your way. But what happensif my wake damages your boat because you were tied up to

continued

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Essential equipnrcnt /br small powerboat,s includes: (1) float beltfor u,ater skiers, (2) bailins bucket, (3) 100 Jbet o/'spare t/s-inchq,lon line, (4) hand-operated bilge pump, (j) 100 feet o/'t/s-inchn),lon anchor line, (6) first aici kit, (7) patent anchor, such asDanforth shown here, (8) high-collared life jacket with cinch beltfor each person aboard, (9) noisemaking device for signaling, (10)tool kit including sparkplug wrench (inset) and replacements forall sparkplugs, (l l) portable fuel tank, (12) fiashlight, (13) COz

fire extinguisher, (ll1 dock fenders, (/,5) paddle, (16) compass,(17) runnins lights: combination green-red bow light, each colorvisible /i'om one mile dead ahead to two points obaft the beam; aft,one 360o v,hite light visible two miles, (18) bow and stern lines.

67

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89

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The next matter was equipping the boat. As a safety fac-tor we stowed aboard a 5-horse auxiliary engine, a transombracket for fitting it and a kit of spare parts, includingelectrician's tape, points, condenser, ignition coil and spark-plugs. We also put aboard a battery-powered lamp fornighttime chart reading-since buoys have a habit of mov-ing, I refer to charts constantly for depths, obstructions,proper buoy locations and landmarks. We picked up acouple of inflatable inner tubes that doubled as swim floatsand dock fenders, and packed extra sunglasses, sun lotionand burn ointment.

We checked the charted locations of all radio stationsagainst the range of our portable radio. Besides givingweather reports, a radio can be used as a rough directionfinder by rotating it to find the strongest signal from twoor three stations.

Finally, we had to ready the boat itself, which had been inthe backyard all winter. Welaunched it into Rock Riv-er, marked the hull wherethe water came in, hauledthe boat out and calked it,then filled it with water un-til the seams swelled andclosed. Then came a stem.to-stern cleaning (we dis-covered half a dozen loosescrews we might not havefound otherwise) and a newcoat of paint, with a hand-ful of sand scattered on theforedeck while thepaint waswet for nonslip footing.

The weekend before ourdeparture date, we put ourgear aboard and took a 25-mile trial run to set the en-gine at the proper angle for

the boat's weight load, to make final equipment checksand to give us an opportunity to regain the feel of handlingthe boat after the winter layoff.

It is easy to forget, for example, how quickly mooringlines can become fouled in the propeller blades. When drop-ping a mooring, back off until the buoy comes in sightand move clear of it slowly (6-mile-per-hour speed limitsprevail in many mooring areas). Casting off from a dock,stern lines should be aboard or up on the landing beforebacking or going ahead. The other basic rules for handlinga boat around a dock are shown in the diagrams and draw-ings onpages 68,72 and 73.

Once under way, the same sensible attitude will keep youcomfortable and out of trouble. I have warned Bill andMike not to come near swimmers or skin-divers withwhirling propeller blades. And when we are swimmingourselves the engine is always off. If it's on, even in neutral,an accidental bump could start the blades turning. Whenwater skiing, we use the standard signals shown onpage74,br"rt for people like myself, who live relatively inactive livesthe rest of the year, water skiing is a surprisingly exhaustingsport. I wear a skier's float belt and retire at the first feelingof fatigue.

continued

72

llir I

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(Olttboan'dl.ttg continued

I never gamble on my boat's ability to run thrwgh astorm. If there is any question whether our boat can handlethe existing water conditions, we lay over till thc wtherclears. If we are out on the water when the weather turnsbad we try to seek shelter before the storm gets worsre-casionally we get caught in a stiffbreeze or a mirpr squatl.As long as the waves aren't breaking and the hull stayssound, we run the engine at a crawl, taking the wavcs oneither bow. If the sea builds and we're stuck in it, BiIlbreaks out the life jackets and foul weather gsar, Mftethrows out a sea anchor to keep us heading to weather, weplace ourselves in the lowest part of the boat and we hangon to enjoy the ride. If you have no sea anchor, a bailingbucket makes a good substitute; in a pinch, any obirtthat creates drag will help. Off Eleuthera in the Bahamasonce the boys made a workable sea anchor by btrttmiry anordinary shirt to form a bag. If we ever should Arrn oner-something that hasn't happened yet-we will stict withthe boat, even tie ourselves on if necessary. The shore isalwayi farther away than it looks, and rescuers can spota capsized hull easier than the head of a men swimmiqg;

Although every boatman has his personal prefercrcamong anchors, we have found the various patent anchors,such as the Danforth, better for a.variety of bottom condi-tions than a light mushroom. Of course, a heavy mush-room like the one shown on page 71 is perfect for a penna-nent mooring. However, without sufhcient scope (i.e.,enough anchor line in the water) no anchor will hold secure-ly. The rninimum is five times the depth of the water, andif there is a good wind or a strong tide running, nine timesthe depth is not too much.

An anchor should be dropped in gently. If it is heavedout it may foul in the line and fail to set. Besides, an ankletangled in an anchor line is the fastest way overboard.Once anchored, take a bearing on a stationary landmark,then check it periodically to see if the boat is drifting.At night, before turning in, we always set a dragginganchor alarm, a weighted line over the side to the bottom,with the other end tied to a rock-filled tin can in the cabin.If the boat is dragging, the can topples, gnd the clatterawakens us before we can drift into troubl6.

The sensible attitude should prevail on all cruisesuntil everyone is safely ashore for the last time. Many abrave man has dampened an otherwise happy day by aclimactic leap for the dock-which was still six inches toofar away. Others have hurried the mooring process, savingperhaps two minutes but losing $2,000 when the boatworked loose and drifted off in the night. These are sillymistakes, but they are made by the thousands every day ofthe boating season. My two oldest sons, Bill and Mike,have learned to avoid most of them. Rick and Dan, with alittle time and a little practice, will learn good boatinghabits, too, and, like anyone else, will then derive evengreater pleasure from their boating.

lVe,nt Week: Sm,all SatlboatsSailmaker Lowell North of San Diego, three-time winner ofthe world Star boat championship, tells how to keep a classboat in the besi condition Jbr fast, safe, comfortable sailing.

74

FtrNEssfRex Lardner

How to stay healthyand go into orbit

The men of Project Mercury cover

the range of sports from archery

to doing tricks on trampolines

Though none of them would qualifyI u. un Olympic candidate in any

sport, the seven Mercury astronauts-six in their 30s and one who is 40-areperhaps the most physically and psycho-logically sound men in the U.S. In Wash-ington several days ago Dr. RobertVoas, the behavioral psychologist whohelped select the seven back in 1959 andhas coordinated their rigorous trainingsince, discussed the physical qualitiesthat were sought, the athletic back-grounds of the seven selected and theircurrent athletic programs.

"We weren't looking for weight lifters,"said Dr. Voas, a lean, square-jawed manwho wrestled and ran the mile at USC."We were looking for men who had,among other things, the attributes ofthe cross-country runner: a mental set

for a long task and high resistance tofatigue. We had to have men who weretough and wiry and who also had theability to react quickly under stress aftera period of inactivity. We got them."

The 32 volunteer astronauts were giv-en their most exacting physical tests inthe Aeromedical Laboratories at WrightAir Development Center in Dayton,Ohio. The tests-to determine suchthings as how efficiently a person's bodyused up oxygen-included stepping uponto a platform 20 inches from the floorand stepping down again once every twoseconds for five minutes, pumping a

stationary bike against increasing brakeloads and walking a treadmill that keptgetting steeper and steeper. Curiously

enough, none of the seven selected was

& crosS:Country runner, though Lieut.Colonel John H. Glenn Jr. of the MarineCorps, then 37 and the oldest, chose tosolve his weight problem and get intohard shape by jogging two miles a daywhenever the opportunity offered-ahabit he still follows. And one of them,Lieut. Commander Malcolm Scott Car-penter, wos a weight lifter.

As soon as training began, the fourastronauts who smoked promptly cutdown or stopped completely, and it isthe hardly surprising opinion of Dr.Voas that they are in better conditionnow than when they started the pro-gram. They are interested in a wide va-riety of sports ("They're doers, notwatchers," says Dr. Voas) and, when-ever opportunities arise, are active to asurprising degree.

Barking like sealsLater when their training became more

intensive, they were asked if they wanteda formal program of calisthenics. To a

man they snapped "no!" and calisthenicswere eliminated. Dr. Voas reasoned thatas veteran test pilots they knew the ne-cessity of staying in condition and thatthey were individualists enough to wantto participate in sports they enjoyed. Theonly formal training they received wastwo weeks of scuba diving, the final exambeing an underwater swim of a mile fromlaunch to shore in murky ChesapeakeBay. The purpose of this was to accustomthe astronauts to the water, the primaryrecovery area for a capsule; to get themused to weightlessness; and to teachthem breathing discipline. The seven

found scuba diving a lark as well as

practical, however, and for a while

SCOTT CARPENTER, a fast man with a

bow, shows his children how to loose arrow.

greeted one another by barking like seals

and clapping their hands in the floppetyway seals clap their flippers.

The three most enthusiastic athletes

of the seven are Glenn, CommanderAlan B. Shepard Jr., who made Amer-ica's first suborbital flight last May, andCarpenter, who is scheduled to makethe next flight-a three-orbit shot likethat of Glenn. At Admiral FarragutAcademy in New Jersey, Shepard played

football and baseball but at the NavalAcademy he concentrated on rowing.Although he was the smallest man onthe crew ("When he was bow oar helooked like the coxswain sitting in thewrong end of the shell," a friend has

said), he rowed bow on the varsity a

year, and in his final year was promotedto stroke. As an astronaut he water skis

on one ski and is looking forward toskiing without any skis at all-if he canfind a boat fast enough to Pull him.An admirer of racing drivers, he tools

tinued

83

flU

Button, buttort'.::.A f ew weeks d1o, a manpurchased a barometer-thermometer-hygrometer atAbercrombie & Fitch. Whenhe returned home, he noticedhe'd lost 'a bgtton frorn, hissuit. Came the mail from AtFwith his wall-weather station

-and a small envelope with

the missing button enclosed.

Service like this, thoughrarely encountered in this dayand age, is not unusual at Ae.ETo As.F service also'rneans inhonorable ietuin policy. Thepurchaser of a knife with a

subsequently broken blade-that "may have been my faultentirely"- got a replacement,no questions asked. Is it anywonder Ae.F customers keepcoming back year after year?

If you have never visitedAa.F, drop in soon...nextlunch hour, perhaps.There aremany floors to fascinate you.There are superb guns toshoulder, fly rods to flex, bowsto bend and books to flipthrough. If you are simplybrowsing...you'll be givenplenty of room to roam. Ifyou're buying, service is justa nod away.

flnnncnonrBrn aFrrcuNEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO

COLORADO SPRINGS

around in a Corvette. He hits a long ballin golf, shooting in the high 80s, iceskates and plays handball. In acknowl-edgment of his interest in the latter,Shepard was surprised to find postedon the control panel of his capsule justbefore taking off a sign reading, "NoHandball Playing in this Area." It hadbeen placed there by Glenn, his backuppilot. (Turnabout is fair play. WhenGlenn was whizzing around the worldin Friendship 7, he was surprised, onreaching into a survival kit near his righthand, to find himself holding a life-sizemodel mouse. He dropped it and,weightless, it floated around inside thecanopy. Commander Shepard had in-stigated the joke.)

Carpenter, a Coloradan whose earlyambition was to be a horse rancher, is ahorseman, swimmer, diver, tennis play-er, hunter and fisherman, as well as aweight lifter. A few months ago he andhis wife Rene mastered the twist. Hehunts deer with a bow and arrow andrecently has had the opportunity to stayin shape by doing double front somer-saults on a trampoline set up in one ofthe hangars at Cape Canaveral. It wasCarpenter, one of the best of the astro-nauts at scuba diving, who rescued arashly stunting skin diver offGrand TurkIsland in the BAhamas t6e day followingGlenn's trip. Seeing how far he could godown without a tank, the skin diver lostconsciousness at a depth of 80 feet. Car-penter, aware that something might gowrong, went down after him and pulledhim up. Glenn, who was out spearfish-ing, helped haul the diver into the boat.

Next to Glenn, Carpenter probably isthe most concerned about his physicalcondition. (Before he went up last Feb-ruary, Glenn gripped banisters when go-ing up or down stairs to make sure hewouldn't, by some freak accident, slipand break something and thus lose hischance for the flight.) "Scotty isn't theMuscle Beach type of cultist," says Dr.William K. Douglas, the astronauts'per-sonal physician, "but he's waited so longfor this flight he isn't going to let any-thing happen to him. If a little fat startsto build up above his swimming trunks,he'll work to take it off." Once, to dem-onstrate his condition, Carpenter let anadmirer smack him with all her mightin the stomach. Blowing on her hand,the lady reported he had a stomach likea stone wall.

The two astronauts who have made

84

marksmanship and gun collecting theirhobbies are Majors Donald K. Slal'tonand Leroy Gordon Cooper Jr. of theAir Force. Major Slayton has an impres-sive collection of light and heary rifles,from .22 caliber to .3G30s. He likes tohunt anything, from varmints to bears,deer and boar. "In a high-pressure pro-gram like this," he said a u'hile ago,"you simply have to get off b1' 1'ourselfand relax once in a while." SIalton alsoplays handball and-to alleviate the "er-ratic heart" which caused Project doc-tors to withdraw him from the Mayflight-jogs two or three miles u'heneverhe feels slight palpitations. u'hich is ev-ery two weeks or so. In addition. he isan archer, skier, fisherman and occasion-al volleyball player-he met his n'ife ona volleyball court in Germanl.

'r i-:::,- - .t-t-. --I ,

Grack shots and cool golfcrsCooper, at 35 the youngest of the as-

tronauts and the only one u'ithout com-bat experience, collects pistols and is acrack shot with this weapon. He is alsofond of riding (his father runs a ranch inColorado), and is, like Air Force MajorVirgil (Gus) Grissom, who made the sec-ond suborbital flight, a hunter and fish-erman. Grissom also plays a little golfand, when he has an opportunitl'. hand-ball with Slayton." Next to running, the greatest non-birborne enthusiasm of Glenn. r+.ho w.on10 letters in high school in baseball,basketball and tennis and rvho plal.edcenter on the Muskingum College foot-ball team, is water skiing. A longtime ad-dict, he can maneuver on a turnaroundski, a slalom ski and a disk. "It's a r igor-ous activity that makes keeping in shape a

real pleasure," he says. He regards tennisthe same way. Commander Walter M.Schirra Jr., Carpenter's backup pilot,likes water skiing, piloting a motorboat,shooting a rifle and playing golf. De-spite putting trouble ("Seems to me theymake the holes too small," he obsen'es),Schirra is a cool golfer who shoots in thehigh 80s.

"You have to remember," say's Dr.Voas, "that part of the training pro-gram-such as squeezing out of a cap-sule in the rough Gulf of Mexico, takinga course in desert survival and gettingwhirled around in a centrifuge-is morephysically demanding than any sport.Just getting into a tight-fitting space suitmakes you work up a sweat. But thesport the seven like above everything isflying-which, you might say, is luckyfor all concerned." ErrD