lunar program of russia for 2011 – 2020 and 2020-2025 potential cooperation

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Lunar Program of Russia for 2011 – 2020 and 2020- 2025 Potential cooperation L.M.Zelenyi, I.G.Mitrofanov , A.Petrukovich Bruno GARDINI IKI Lander and Orbiter teams

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Lunar Program of Russia for 2011 – 2020 and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation L.M.Zelenyi, I.G.Mitrofanov , A.Petrukovich Bruno GARDINI IKI Lander and Orbiter teams NPOL TEAM Institute for Space Research, Moscow, Russia. ИСТОРИЯ. The Soviet Lunar program achieved - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Lunar Program of Russiafor 2011 – 2020 and 2020-2025

Potential cooperation

L.M.Zelenyi, I.G.Mitrofanov , A.Petrukovich

Bruno GARDINI IKI Lander and Orbiter teams

NPOL TEAM

Institute for Space Research, Moscow, Russia

Page 2: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

ИСТОРИЯ

Page 3: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

The Soviet Lunar program achieved

a number of notable lunar "firsts": first probe to impact the Moon first flyby and image of the lunar farside first soft landing first lunar orbiter first circumlunar probe to return to Earth first automatic return of lunar samples first lunar rover

Page 4: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

The two successful series of Soviet probes were

the Luna (24 lunar missions)

and the Zond (5 lunar missions). Lunar flyby missions Zond 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 were test flights for manned mission. The Zond 5, 6, 7, 8 missions circled the Moon and returned to Earth where they were recovered.

Page 5: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Map of the reverse side of the Moon

Page 6: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Luna 24

Luna 16, 20, 24

Page 8: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

СОВЕТСКИЕ И АМЕРИКАНСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ЛУНЫ (60-ые-70-ые годы)

Page 9: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Main Goals of the Program:

1. To study physical conditions on Lunar Poles

2. To study global processes in lunar exosphere and interaction with interplanetary plasma

3. To study lunar volatiles in situ and in Earth laboratories

4. To study opportunities for utilization of lunar resources

5. To perform technological experiments for future lunar exploration

Page 10: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Projects of the Russian Lunar Program

Projects Concept of the mission

Scientific investigations Implications for lunar exploration

Luna Glob Lander2015

Small Lander on the TBD pole

Analysis of lunar regolith and local exosphere, testing volatiles from <50 cm subsurface

Re-development of lunar landing system, communication system, long-time operations

Luna Glob Orbiter2016

Orbiter at 100 km polar circular orbit

Global mapping of lunar surface, measurements of exosphere and plasma around Moon

Reconnaissance of landing sites for lunar exploration, long-time orbital operations, global mapping

Luna Resource2017(cooperation with India)

Large Lander on the south pole

Analysis of lunar regolith and local exosphere, testing volatiles from >2 meters cm subsurface CRIOGENIC DRILLING

Testing of Drilling system for cryogenic sampling;Joint operations of Rover with Lander

Luna Resource – 2> 2020

Lunokhod (Large Long Distance Moon Rover)

Studies of lunar surface at distance of about 30 km, cryogenic sampling of subsurface soil with volatiles

Mobility on the Moon surface, long duration mission with solar and radioisotopic power, cryigenic cashing of samples

Polar Moon Sample Return> 2019

Lander with return rocket

Cryogenic delivery of samples to the Earth

Surface operations of Lunokhod with Lander, re-development of return flight system Moon-Earth

Page 11: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

В ходе работ по проекту "Луна-Глоб" была выявлена невозможность одновременного запуска орбитального и посадочного модулей на РН "Союз-2" и необходимость перехода на двухпусковую схему или РН тяжелого класса (Решение Совета РАН по космосу №10310-14 от 17.11.2011 г.).

В связи с недостаточным уровнем летной квалификации индийской РН "GSLV Mk.2" целесообразен переход к раздельной схеме запуска российского ("Луна-Ресурс") и индийского ("Чандраян-2") модулей национальными средствами выведения.

В целях отработки ключевых технологий мягкой посадки предлагается осуществить в рамках проекта "Луна-Глоб" демонстрационную посадочную миссию с сокращенным составом полезной нагрузки.

Посадочная миссия "Луна-Ресурс" будет реализовываться с учетом результатов выполнения демонстрационного полета ПА "Луна-Глоб". При этом предполагается расширение возможностей базовой платформы как в части увеличения массы полезной нагрузки, так и поэтапного наращивания ее функциональных возможностей.

Луна-ГлобСоюз-2/Фрегат

Луна-Глоб/1

Союз-2/Фрегат

Союз-2/Фрегат

Луна-Ресурс/Чандраян-2Союз-2/Фрегат

GSLV-2

GSLV-2(PSLV)

Чандраян-2

Луна-Ресурс

Луна-Глоб/2

КОРРЕКТИРОВКАПРОЕКТОВ "ЛУНА-ГЛОБ" И "ЛУНА-РЕСУРС"

Предпосылки корректировки

Page 12: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

КОРРЕКТИРОВКАПРОЕКТОВ "ЛУНА-ГЛОБ" И "ЛУНА-РЕСУРС"

Стратегия отработки ключевых технических решенийГод запуска

2015 2016 2017 2019Проект Луна-Глоб/1 (Луна-25) Луна-Глоб/2 (Луна-26) Луна-Ресурс (Луна-27) Луна-Грунт (Луна-28)

Тип миссии Посадочная Орбитальная Посадочная Посадочная

Конфигурация аппарата

Ракета-носитель Союз-2.1а Союз-2.1а Союз-2.1б Протон

Схема посадки Прямая - Прямая/Адаптивная

Адаптивная на радиомаяк

Отрабатываемые технологии

Базовые технологии мягкой посадки -

Посадочный LIDAR, модернизированная ДУ,

радиомаяк

Взлетная ракета, сбрасываемые баки,

посадка на радиомаяк

Масса КА, кг 1 450 2 100 2 200 3 000

Полезная нагрузка

Стационарная научная станция

Комплекс научной аппаратуры ОА

Стационарная научная станция, глубинное ГЗУ,

индийский роверВзлетная ракета,

глубинное ГЗУ

Масса ПН, кг 30 160 200 400

- заимствованная система - дорабатываемая система - вновь разрабатываемая система

Page 13: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

L-G-О,>2015

L-R,2014

L-G-L,2015

Single string of development

Today

L-R,2017

L-G-L,2015

Single Launch (RF)

Single launch (India)

Launch (RF)

L-G-O,2016 Launch (RF)

Launch (RF)

Page 14: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Radiator

Main Science Deck

Solar array

Additional Science Deck

RITEG

RIT-1

Robotic Arm

Landers structure

RIT-2

LUNA-Glob 2015

Mini Rover (India)

Drilling system

LUNA-Resource 2017

Page 15: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Instrument Measurements/Operations Mass (kg)

Accom-modation Organization

Radio-Beacon Radio signal with very high stability 1,7 Main_SD IKI

TVRPM (TV for R-Arm) TV imaging of nearest area and objects (for Robotic arm aiming too) 0,5 R_Arm IKI

LIS IR spectrometry of minerals 1,0 R_Arm IKI

Analytic complex Chromatographic and mass spectroscopy analysis of volatiles content and chemical composition 10,4 Main_SD IKI+U of Bern

LASMA Laser mass-spectrometer 2,8 Main_SD IKI+Uof Bern

TV-Spectrometer UV and optical imaging of minerals with UV excitation 0,5 Main_SD IKI

ADRON Active neutron and gamma-ray analysis of regolith composition 6,7 Add_SD IKI

RAT Radio measurements of temperature of subsurface regolith 0,5 Add_SD IKI

PML Measurements of dust and micrometeotits 1,5 Add_SD IKI

SEISMO Measurements of seismic activity 1,0 Main_SD IFZ

ARIES (L-R only) Measurements of plasma and neutrals 2,2 Main_SD IKI

TERMO (L-G only) Direct measurements of thermal properties of regolith 2,0 Main_SD GEOKHI

LINA (L-G only) Measurements of plasma and neutrals 4,6 Main_SD IKI+ISP (Sw)

TV for panoramaTV for stereo

TV imaging of panoramas and area near Lander (rover and Robotic arm) 2 Main_SD IKI

Retro Reflector Moon libration and ranging experiment 1 Main_SD NPO SPP

Science payload of Landers 15/17

Page 16: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

НПО им ЛАВОЧКИНАЛУНА-ГЛОБ

Page 17: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Slide - 20

European Lunar SymposiumBerlin, April 19 – 20, 2012

ЛУНА _ГЛОБОРБИТАЛЬНЫЙ

АППАРАТ

Page 18: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

LUNA-GLOB ORBITER

first stable orbit ~100-150 km

final operation orbit ~500 km

working orbit~50 km

under consideration

Page 19: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

LUNA-GLOB ORBITAL SCIENCE

Moon surface science Topography

Subsurface structure

Hydrogen rich regions

Chemical composition

Moon gravity field

Circumlunar science Exosphere

Solar wind – moon interaction

Lunar magnetic anomalies

Micrometeors

Other science Solar wind and magnetotail dynamics

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays

UV imaging of heliosphere

Page 20: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

LUNA-GLOB EXPERIMENTS

LGNS neutron and gamma ray IKI RAN

LEVUS UV exosphere 30-150 nm France/Japan/IKI

LUMIS IR mapping 1-16 mkm IKI

LSTK stereo camera IKI

RLK-L radar 20 and 200 MHz IRE

LPMS-LG magnetometer IKI RAN

LEMI electromagnetic waves Ukraine/Czech/IKI

BMSW-LG solar wind Czech/IKI

ASPECT-L energetic particles 20-1000 keV Slovakia/IKI

LINA ions and neutral spectrometer IKI/Sweden

PKD radio receiver IKI

LORD ultra-high energy cosmic rays FIAN

METEOR-L circumlunar dust GeoKhi

SSRNI2 data management system IKI

Page 21: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Астрофизический эксперимент по исследованию частиц сверхвысоких энергий (ЛОРД) ФИАН-СКБ

ИРЭНаучная задача: природа космических лучей сверхвысоких энергий (>1019 эВ)

SUPER HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS _ GZK LIMIT DUE TO SCATTERING AT MICROWAVE RADIATION

приём радиосигналов от каскадов, инициированных космическими лучами и нейтрино в поверхностном слое и недрах Луны.

LORD

Page 22: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

LAST WEEK::

PRIORITARI ZION OF INSTRUMENTS FOR PRECURSOR 2015 LUNA GLOB LANDER

LUNA RESOURCE FULL SCIENTIFIC PACKAGE == 34.5 kg

LUNA GLOB REDUCED PACKAGE == 17-19 kg

Page 23: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Areas of potential international cooperation

Science instruments on all Russian spacecrafts and CoIs of Russian instruments

India Rover on Luna Resource

ESA drilling system on Luna Resource

ESA Lander-1 for joint surface operations with Russian Lunokhod (short-distance radio sensing of subsurface, screening of samples, technical experiments, etc.)

ESA Lander-2 for cryogenic return of samples from Russian Lunokhod

Joint studies of samples in Earth laboratories

Joint technological experiments for lunar exploration (resource utilization, high precision landing, laser data link, etc.)

Page 24: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

European Lunar Lander

Page 25: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Lunar Resource Lander

Russia’s main technology provisions:Landing of a Large PlatformHigh thrust propulsionRTGs

ESA potential contributions:Drill to acquire subsurface frozen samplesSample handling system to allow in-situ analysisVisual Navigation Experiment and Hazard Detection and Avoidance

to validate Precision Landing technology.

ESA contribution to payload of instruments.

Page 26: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Drill & Sample Handling on the Luna-Resource Lander

ExoMars: Drill Bread Board, Engineering models tested in Laboratory and Mars conditions-SPDS tested at low temperatures (need design adaptation)

Reloading mechanism

with samples' encapsulation

unit

Drilling deviceSample Handling device

Page 27: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Drill (ExoMars)

Bread Board, Engineering model tested in Laboratoryand Mars conditions

Page 28: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Illustration of possible joint activity at North pole

Possible landing site of Luna Glob2015

Possible landing site of Lunokhod>2020

Possible landing site for Sample Return

CryogenicSampling operations

Possible landing site of ESALander-1

Possible landing site of ESALander-2

Joint experimentsLunohod-ESA Lander-1

Page 29: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Landers Development Logic

Luna Sample returnLuna-Glob (lander) Luna-Resource

Landing platform with improved performanceBase landing platform

Page 30: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Missions Technology Development Mission Launch

Propulsion High Thrust

Rover High

Mobility

Drill (2m)

Precision Landing

1.

Luna-Glob Lander

2015 (Medium)

2.

Luna-Glob Orbiter

2016

3.

Luna-Resource Lander

2017 X (Small) X Visual Nav. HDA

Experiment

4.

Lunar Lander (ESA)

2018 X

5.

LPSR 1 Lander / Return Stage

2020 X X

6.

LPSR 2 Lander / Large Rover

2020+ X x X X

Page 31: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Lunar Polar Sample Return (LPSR)Main goal is to bring back frozen samples from the

Moon polar regions for analysis in Earth laboratories;

Ideally samples can be taken from Moon craters, but very low temperatures not compatible with today’s technology for Landing Platform and / or Rover design (even with use of RTGS);

Frozen samples can be obtained from subsurface drilling (1.5 to 2 m) in illuminated areas. Alternatively samples from shadow areas may be considered;

Page 32: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Lunar Polar Sample Return

• LPSR is a very complex and ambitious mission with high technology challenges

• A precursor mission to human spaceflight and an evolution of past Russian missions to the equatorial regions of the Moon;

• A mission of high scientific interest xxxxxx• A main goal in the exploration of the Solar

System in the near future.LPSR Conceptual

Design

Page 33: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

From ISS to International Lunar Station (ILS) !

Thank you!

Page 34: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

РадиоастрономияОптическая астрономия

Астрофизические исследования

Луна как исследовательский

Полигон

Создание автоматического радиотелескопа на Луне, состоящего из отдельных приемников радиоизлучения, которые распределены по ее поверхности.

WHAT TO DO AT THE MOON ???????????

Page 35: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

Обсерватория на Луне +++\--• Отсутствие облаков• Отсутствие атмосферных помех и засветки• Возможность непрерывных наблюдений• Медленное перемещение звезд по небу –

возможность длительных экспозиций

Радио-телескоп на обратной стороне Луны -защита от всего радиоизлученияот Земли (основная проблеманаблюдательной радиоастрономии)

МИНУСЫ::Микрометеоритная эрозия 100/м2.годОблачка мелкой левитирующей пылиСуточные перепады температуры 100-400 К

Page 36: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

МетодикаНейтроны альбедо из каскадов в лунном грунтеГамма-кванты альбедо из каскадов в лунном грунтеАльбедо радиоизлучения каскадов из каскадов в лунном грунте

-400 -200 0 200 400

-400

-200

0

200

400

Proton 500 TeV

X cm

Y cm

0

43,75

87,50

131,3

175,0

218,8

262,5

306,3

350,0

Neutrons emissions from 500 TeV protons of GCR

Изучение природы космических лучей

с помощью детекторов, расположенных

на поверхности Луны

Page 37: Lunar Program of Russia for  2011 – 2020  and 2020-2025 Potential cooperation

LAO_ LUNAR ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY

Вторичныеγ-кванты

Вторичныенейтроны

Приемные антенны вторичного радиоизлучения

Реголит

Детектор заряда

Детектор вторичных нейтронов и γ-квантов

Detection of high-energy particle by counting ne utrons genera ted in interactions of secondary ha drons in Lunar regolit h ground

Examples of neutron diffusion from the generation point

Ne utron de tector

Charge detec tor

Secondaryneutrons

Свинец/Вольфрам 1÷2 λСцинтиллятор

Глубина расположения регистрирующей аппаратуры 10-20 гр/см^2, т.е. ~100-200 кг/м ^2

При общей массе установки ~10 тонн достижимо значение геометрического фактора 150-300 м ^2 ср