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LTE Introduction and Architecture Overview

LTE InTroducTIon and

archITEcTurE ovErvIEw


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LTE InTroducTIon and archITEcTurE ovErvIEw

Drivers or Mobile Broadband 4

Typical Applications and Network Requirements 6LTE E-UTRAN Objectives 8

System Architecture Evolution (SAE) 10

Evolved UMTS Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) 12

Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 14

Serving Gateway (SGW) 14

Mobility Management Entity (MME) 14

Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW) 14

LTE Reerence Points 16

LTE Roaming Architecture 18

Non-3GPP Access 20Interworking with 2G/3G Networks 22

LTE Femto Cells 24

Sel Organising Networks 26

Spectrum Requirements or LTE 28

WRC 2007 Spectrum 30

LTE Spectrum Requirements 32




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dies Mbile Bb

Ater a slow start mobile data has nally taken o. Many actors, technical and non-technical,

relating to the success o mobile data have come together to provide data services that are

both easy to use and meets the users perormance expectations.

Network and handset capability have met with content and billing regimes and along with

growing consumer condence and experience this is leading to increased use o data services

provided by operators. As consumers, operators and third party application providers gain

more experience with data services beyond the plain WAP home page, the demand or data

is orecast to continue growing or the oreseeable uture. Good news or operators who are

generally seeing a reduction in revenues rom traditional voice based services. Revenues in

the next decade will depend on increasing eciency and nding alternative non-voice services.

The graph opposite shows the increase in use o both xed and mobile broadband services,

it also shows that the use o mobile broadband is set to overtake xed broadband in the uture,

this will only be possible i we can deliver a high perormance and consistent service that the

subscribers will come to expect.



Global broadband subscribers, by wired and wireless, 2007 – 2012

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

� Wireless � Wired

Note: Wired includes DSL, cable, FTTx and evolutions.

Wireless includes WiMAX, pre-WiMAX, EV-DO, HSPA and evolutions, but excludes WCDMA and WiFi.Source: Informa Telecoms & Media

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Broadbandsubs (millions)

Network latency

B a n d w i d t h

Growth drivers

FTP

Mobileofce/ email Interactive

remotegamesMMS,

web browsing Video telephony Audio streaming

Voice telephony

Multiplayer games

SMS

Voicemail msm: remote control

Audio/videodownload

Video conferencing Real-time

gamingm2m:robot security,

video broadcast

Video streaming

>1 sec

< 6 4 K b p s

> 5 M b p s

1 M b p s

200 ms 100 ms 20 ms

5© Inorma Telecoms & Media

Iese i Bb usge

Typil Seies netk reqiemets

Fig. 1 – dies Mbile Bb





Typil applitis netk reqiemets

While voice remains the most popular application or large user segments, several distinct

trends will infuence mobile communications in the years ahead:

Common, access-independent Internet applications will replace silos or mobile applications•

and residential applications

Web2.0 applications empower users to participate in communities, and will generate content•

and interact in virtual worlds and increase the requirement to greater uplink capabilities

Streaming services that deliver individual video content on demand and mobile TV on•

demand are emerging as a avoured application

Mobile, interactive remote gaming and real-time gaming will undoubtedly become a major•

industry in its own right

The quadruple play o voice, data, video and mobility bundles or residential and mobile•

use is heating up the battle over xed-mobile substitution in the consumer marketMobile oce comprising smart phones, notebooks, ubiquitous broadband access and•

advanced security solutions will ree business users rom their oce desk.

The network capability will need to evolve to ensure a consistent and reliable user experience,

such network evolutions include;

The network’s capacity to support high peak user data rates and high average data•

throughput rates

Low user data plane’s and signalling channels’ response time, or latency•

Guaranteed radio coverage ensuring ull use o services up to the cell’s edge•

A viable means o creating and maintaining individual connections and the entire system’s•

quality o service (QoS)

Service continuity between access networks•

Single sign-on to all network access•

Competitive prices, with many users avouring fat-rate ees or reasons o cost control•



Typil next Geeti Seies Access-independent Internet applications•

Web2.0•

Streaming services•

Interactive remote gaming•

Quadruple play•

Mobile oce•

Typil Ebles nextGeeti Seies

High peak user data rates•

High average data throughput rates•

Low latency•

Guaranteed radio coverage•

Individual quality o service (QoS)•

Service continuity between access networks•

Single sign-on to all network access•

Competitive prices, fat-rate ees•

Fig. 2 – Typil applitis netk reqiemets





LTE E-uTran objeties

LTE is ocusing on optimum support o Packet Switched (PS) Services. Main requirements

or the design o an LTE system are outlined in 3GPP TR 25.913 (2006) and can be summarised

as ollows:

dt rte: Peak data rates target 100 Mbps (downlink) and 50 Mbps (uplink) or 20 MHz

spectrum allocation, assuming 2 receive antennas and 1 transmit antenna at the terminal.

Tgpt: Target or downlink average user throughput per MHz is 3-4 times better than

release 6. Target or uplink average user throughput per MHz is 2-3 times better than release 6.

(release 6 – HSPA)

Spetm Efiey: Downlink target is 3-4 times better than release 6. Uplink target is 2-3

times better than release 6.

Ltey: The one-way transit time between a packet being available at the IP layer in either

the UE or radio access network and the availability o this packet at IP layer in the radio access

network/UE is less than 5 ms. Also C-plane latency is reduced, e.g. to allow ast transition

times o less than 100 ms rom camped state to active state.

Bit: Scaleable bandwidths o 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz are supported. Also bandwidths

smaller than 5 MHz are supported or more fexibility, i.e. 1.4 MHz and 3 MHz or FDD mode.

Itekig: Interworking with existing UTRAN/GERAN systems and non-3GPP systems is

ensured. Multimode terminals support handover to and rom UTRAN and GERAN as well as

inter-RAT measurements. Interruption time or handover between E-UTRAN and UTRAN/GERAN

is less than 300 ms or real time services and less than 500 ms or non real time services.

Mltimei Bst Mltist Seies (MBMS): MBMS is urther enhanced and is then

reerred to as E-MBMS.

Mbility: The system is optimized or low mobile speed (0-15 km/h), but higher mobile speeds

are supported as well including high speed train environment as special case.

Spetm llti: Operation in paired (Frequency Division Duplex / FDD mode) and

unpaired spectrum (Time Division Duplex / TDD mode).

c-existee: Co-existence in the same geographical area and co-location with GERAN/UTRAN. Also, co-existence between operators in adjacent bands as well as cross-border coexistence.

Qlity Seie: End-to-end Quality o Service (QoS) is supported.



reqiemet cet relese (rel-6 hSxPa) LTE E-uTra

Peak data rate 14 Mbps DL / 5.7 Mbps UL 100 Mbps DL / 50 Mbps UL

Spectral e eciency 0.6-0.8 DL / 0.35 UL (bps/Hz/sector) 3-4x DL / 2-3x UL improvement

5% packet call throughput 64 Kpbs DL / 5 Kbps UL 3-4x DL / 2-3x UL improvement

Averaged user throughput 900 Kbps DL / 150 Kbps UL 3-4x DL / 2-3x UL improvement

U-plane latency 50 ms 5 ms

Call setup time 2 sec 50 ms

Brodcast data rate 384 Kbps 6-8x improvement

Mobility Up to 250 km/h Up to 350 km/h

Multi-antenna support No Yes

Bandwidth 5 MHz Scalable (up to 20 MHz)

Fig. 3 – LTE E-uTran reqiemets





System aitete Elti (SaE)

One o the main objectives o the LTE architecture is an overall simplication o the network with

a reduction in the number o nodes required in the radio access and core network components.

The evolution o the network is designed to optimise perormance and improve cost eciency.

Also interoperability with the existing 3.5G inrastructure is important, particularly mobility and

handover between the networks.

The Evolved Packet System (EPS) is divided in to radio access and core network.



GERANUTRAN

S1-U

S1-MME

SG1S4/S11

Evolvedpacket core

E-UTRAN

3GPPnetwork

Externalnetwork


Fig. 4 – System aitete Elti (SaE)





Ele uMTS ri aess netk (E-uTran)

Evolved UMTS Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) contains a single element known as the

Evolved Node Bs (eNB). The eNB supports all the user plane and control plane protocols to

enable communication with the UE. It also supports radio resource management, admission

control, scheduling, uplink QoS enorcement, cell broadcast, encryption and compression/

decompression o user data.

The eNB is connected to the core network on the S1 interace. The S1 interace allows the

eNB to communicate with the Mobility Management Entity (MME) via the S1-MME interace

and the Serving Gateway (SGW) via the S1-U interace. The interaces support a many to

many relationship between eNB and SGW/MME.

The eNB are also networked together using the X2 interace. The X2 interace is based on

the same set o protocols as the S1 and is primarily in place to allow user plane tunnelling

o packets during handover to minimise packet loss.



E-UTRAN

eNBeNB

eNB

X2 X2

X2

S1 S1S1 S1

MME/S-GWMME/S-GW


Fig. 5 – E-uTran aitete





Ele Pket ce (EPc)

The Evolved Packet Core contains two principle unctions, high speed packet handling and

mobility management, these unctions are carried out by the SGW and MME. This separation

o unction allows each to be implemented on a platorm optimised or data handling or

message processing. This will result in more optimised perormance and allows independent

scaling o each component and ecient topological optimisation o platorms to ensure

consistent service i.e. reduced latencies and maximised throughput.

Seig Gtey (SGw)

The SGW acts as a router, routing and orwarding packets o user data, it is able to provide

transport level packet marking, and the marking process may be used or QoS management

by other network elements. Also some accounting unctions or UL/DL services.

The SGW will act as a local anchoring point or inter eNB handover and can also act as a

3GPP anchoring point or handovers between UMTS and LTE. It provides idle mode unctions

such as packet buering and initiation o network triggered service request.

The SGW is also one o the Lawul Interception points in the network.

Mbility Mgemet Etity (MME)

The Mobility management entity (MME) is the primary signalling node in the EPC, NAS signalling

is terminated at this point and included signalling related to bearer establishment and

authentication o the UEs through interaction with the Home Subscriber Server (HSS). It is also

the decision point or SGW selection, and MME, SGW selection during handover where EPCnode change is necessary.

The MME handles roaming unctions such as allocation o temporary identities, admission

control and communication with the home HSS on the S6a interace.

Pket dt netk Gtey (P-Gw)

The P-GW is the entry and exit point or UE connectivity with external data networks. It provides

unctions o packet ltering, via deep packet inspection, allocation o UE IP addresses, downlink

packet marking, and service level charging, gating and rate enorcement.

The P-GW also acts as an anchor or mobility between 3GPP and non-3GPP technologies such

as 3GPP2 CDMA2000 and WiMAX.



eNB

SGiSGi S2a/b

S5

S11

S1-MME S1-U

S3

InternetNon-3GPP

accessIMS

P-GWUMTS

MME SGW


SGw – Serving Gateway; router, packet marking, anchor

or inter-eNB handover, some accounting

MME – Mobility Management Entity; NAS signalling point,

admission control, bearer setup, authentication,

roaming unctions, selects SGW

P-Gw – Packet Gateway; date entry/exit point, packet

inspection/ltering, IP address allocation, mobility

anchor or non-3GPP handover

Fig. 6 – Ele Pket ce (EPc) cmpets





LTE reeee Pits

S1: It provides access to Evolved RAN radio resources or the transport o user plane and

control plane trac. The S1 reerence point shall enable MME and UPE separation and also

deployments o a combined MME and UPE solution.

S2/b: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between a trusted/

not-trusted non-3GPP IP access and the SAE Anchor.

S3: It enables user and bearer inormation exchange or inter 3GPP access system mobility

in idle and/or active state. It is based on Gn reerence point dened between SGSNs.

S4: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between GPRS

Core and the 3GPP Anchor and is based on Gn reerence point as dened between SGSN

and GGSN.

S5: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between MME/UPE

and 3GPP anchor. It is FFS whether a standardized S5a exists or whether MME/UPE and 3GPP

anchor are combined into one entity.

S5b: It provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between 3GPP

anchor and SAE anchor. It is FFS whether a standardized S5b exists or whether 3GPP anchor

and SAE anchor are combined into one entity.

S6: It enables transer o subscription and authentication data or authenticating/authorizing

user access to the evolved system (AAA interace).

S7: It provides transer o (QoS) policy and charging rules rom PCRF to Policy and ChargingEnorcement Point (PCEP). The allocation o the PCEP is FFS.

SGi: It is the reerence point between the Inter AS Anchor and the packet data network.

Packet data network may be an operator external public or private packet data network

or an intra operator packet data network, e.g. or provision o IMS services. This reerence

point corresponds to Gi and Wi unctionalities and supports any 3GPP and non-3GPP

access systems.

The interaces between the SGSN in 2G/3G Core Network and the Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

will be based on the GTP protocol. The interaces between the SAE MME/UPE and the 2G/3G

Core Network will be based on the GTP protocol.



SGiSGi S2a

S5

S11

S1-MME S1-U

S3

InternetNon-3GPP

accessIMS

P-GWUMTS

MME SGW

X2

eNB


Fig. 7 – LTE-SaE reeee Pits





LTE rmig aitete

Roaming is supported by the SAE, the gure opposite show the situation where a user is

roamed on to a V-PLMN (Visitor – PLMN). A roaming agreement must exist between the

home and visited systems. The pictured scenario may be when the user visits a dierent

country or where national roaming is supported.

Part o the connection is handled by the visited network, this includes the radio access,

mobility management and elements o session management. U-plane data is routed via

visited SGW to the home network P-GW and the S8 interace.

The S8 interace carries both user plane data and control signaling and is based on the

Gp interace rst dened in the GPRS/UMTS core network specications.

The S6 interace connects the MME to the HSS and handles session and mobility related

signaling including security.

The data sessions are managed locally by the visited network but the call is anchored in

the home network, allowing the home operator to maintain control o the session. This may

not be the most ecient routing in terms o cost and system resources, thereore, there is

an option to route the U-plane trac to a P-GW in the V-PLMN and make connections, or

example, directly to the internet or local services.



SGi

S11

S6

S8

SGi

Optionalrouting to

local P-GW

H-PLMN

V-PLMN

S1-MME S1-U

SGi

InternetIMS

P-GW

MME SGW

E-UTRAN

HSS


Fig. 8 – rmig aitete – Tf rte t h-PLMn





n-3GPP aess

The diagram opposite shows the architecture that allows IP access to the EPC using non-3GPP

access technologies, i.e. Wireless LAN (802.11a,b,g,) WiMAX. There are two possible access

scenarios, both o which appear on the diagram, trusted and non-trusted access.

Where the operator owns and operates the WLAN network, this may be considered a trusted

case, the user data rom the WLAN network may be sent directly to the P-GW via the IP based

S2 interace. Inormation relating to subscriber proles, authentication vectors, network identity,

charging and QoS inormation may all be provided to the WLAN access via the Ta interace.

The inormation is provided via the 3GPP AAA server which acts as an inter-working point

between the 3GPP and IETF worlds. The main purpose o the 3GPP AAA server is to allow

end to end interaction, such as authentications to take place using 3GPP credentials stored

in the HSS via the Wx interace.

In the non-trusted case, e.g. a corporate entity has its own WLAN network and would like to

oer 3GPP access to its customers, there are additional network elements to maintain the

inrastructure security and integrity. The ePDG (evolved Packet Data Gateway) element carried

all the trac rom the WLAN via a secure tunnel (IPSec) over the Wn interace. The Wm interace

allows the user related data rom the HSS via the 3GPP AAA Server, to be exchanged, ensuring

proper tunneling and encryption between the user terminal and the P-GW.

In both o these cases the MME and SGW are redundant.



Non-trusted

WLAN Access

SGi

S2

S2

Wm

Wn

Ta

Wa

Wx

S5

S11

S6

S11

S1-MME S1-U

InternetIMS

P-GW

MME SGW

E-UTRAN

3GPP AAA

HSS

ePDG

Trusted

WLAN Access


S2 – IP based user-plane data

T/w – Transport authentication, authorisation and

charging-related inormation in a secure manner

wx – Communication between WLAN AAA inrastructure

and HSS, security data, sub prole, charging

w – Force non-trusted trac via ePDG tunnel

wm – Authorisation/authentication data, tunnel attributes,

identity mapping, charging characteristics

Fig. 9 – n-3GPP aess t EPc





Itekig it 2G/3G netks

Where 2G/3G cells are adjacent or overlaid on to E-UTRAN cells there will be a requirement

or interworking between the dierent inrastructures to support inter-system mobility. No new

systems elements are required but 2 additional interaces are specied, S3 and S4.

S3 supports the user and bearer inormation exchange between the SGSN and the MME during

handover/cell reselection. QoS and user context will be exchange so the target system has all

the inormation required to re-establish the bearers on the new cell. S3 is based on the IP Gn

interace designed or 2G/3G core architecture.

S4 carries the user plane data between the SGSN and the SGW. The SGW play the role o

the mobility anchor in inter-system exchanges, it has a very similar role to the GGSN in 2G/3G

networks. The S4 interace is also based on the Gn interace.



SGi

S11

S6

S3 S4

lu

SGi

InternetIMS

P-GW

MME SGW

SGSN

UTRAN/GERAN

HSS

S1-MME S1-U

E-UTRAN


S3 – Exchange o bearer inormation, QoS,

S4 – U-Plane trac

Fig. 10 – 2G/3G – LTE Itekig





LTE Femt cells

Currently, 3G emto access points, which are the WLAN-like devices residing at customer

premises, are connected to so-called emto gateways via the customers’ private DSL links

using largely proprietary protocols to provide emto-specic unctionalities such as plug

and play, sel-organising eatures, guest user management, roaming or charging. The emto

gateway, which can connect to thousands o emto access points, translates the emto

communication links to the “Iu” interace, which is the standard connection between a 3G

core and a 3G access network.

In order to resolve resulting compatibility and interworking issues, 3GPP, the standardisation

body behind the GSM amily o technologies, has nominated this issue as a study item in the

upcoming version o its standard, 3GPP Release 8.

Release 8 is also the rst version o the 3GPP standard that contains the long awaited ourth-

generation (4G) GSM variant LTE (Long-Term Evolution). Femto aspects in this study cover both

3G (UMTS) and 4G (LTE) inrastructures. 3GPP Release 8 describes the emto architecture in

an ocial standard document or the rst time. It introduces the concept o home base stations

or 3G and 4G using the nomenclature Home Node B (HNB) and Home eNodeB (HeNB).

Additionally, it denes a new interace capable o directly connecting home base stations to

3G and 4G core networks, the ‘IuH’ interace.

According to the 3GPP specication, all home base stations in the uture will have to provide

the ollowing unctionality:

HNB and HeNB deployed as small UTRA and EUTRAN cells, respectively, in domestic,•

small oce and similar environments.

The HNB and HeNB interconnects with the 3G core and Evolved Packet Core, respectively,•

over a xed broadband access network (e.g. DSL, cable, etc.).

Support or ull mobility into and out o a HeNB coverage including service continuity where•

applicable.

Operators and owners o HeNB and HNB will be able to control access to the resources•

provided.

The ull specication or HNBs, HeNBs and IuH will become available with Release 9 o the

3GPP standard.



LTE EPC

Broadband

network

Home eNBluH

interface


HeNB deployed as small EUTRAN cells in domestic,•

small oce etcHeNB interconnects with the Evolved Packet Core, over•

a xed broadband access network (e.g. DSL, cable, etc.)

Support or ull mobility into and out o a HeNB coverage•

including service continuity where applicable

Operators and owners o HeNB will be able to control•

access to the resources provided

Fig. 11 – Femt cell Piiples





Sel ogisig netks

The objective o the Sel-Conguration SON unctionality is to reduce the amount o human

intervention in the overall installation process by providing “plug and play” unctionality in the

eNodeBs. The scope o sel-conguration unctionality is expected to expand and evolve with

upcoming versions o the LTE standard.

Sel-Conguration o eNodeBs will reduce the amount o manual processes involved in the

planning, integration and conguration o new eNodeBs. This will result in a aster network

deployment and reduced costs or the operator in addition to a more integral inventory

management system that is less prone to human error.

Sel-Conguration is a broad concept which involves several distinct unctions that are covered

through specic SON eatures, such as Automatic Sotware Management, Sel Test and

Automatic Neighbour Relation conguration.



DHCP/DNS

SGW

MME

Configurationand

performance

OSS

ExistingeNB

New

eNB


Automatic sotware management•

Sel test•

Automatic neighbor relation conguration•

Tracking area planning•

Physical cell ID planning•

Load balancing•

Handover optimisations•

Fig. 12 – Sel ogisig netk Piiples





Spetm reqiemets LTE

It is very apparent rom many industry sources that the mobile broadband revolution has

begun, in the next ew years there will be an ever increasing demand or access to high speed

broadband data services. Technologies like LTE and WiMAX seem very well placed to be able

to oer these services to subscribers in a very cost eective way.

One o the greatest problems to overcome will be availability o spectrum and the availability

o spectrum in suitable bands. There is a great deal o work currently taking place to ensure

that operators have access to a sucient amount o spectrum to solve the principle problems

o coverage and capacity that they ace right now and may potentially ace to a greater extent

in the uture.

The ITU-R already recognises the coming issues and has begun to address the problem

at WRC 07 and will make urther resolutions at WRC11.



800 850 900 950 1000 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2500 2550 2600 2650 2700 MHz

IMT-2000IMT-2000

GSM

GSM

PDC

Cellular

Cellular

IMT-2000

GSM 1800

GSM

1800

IMT-

2000

MS

S

PCS

A B CD B A CED FEF

MSS

UMTSMSS

DECT

IMT-

2000

MSS

IMT-

2000

MSS

IMT-

2000

MS

S

UMTSMSS

IMT-2000

IMT-2000

(regional)

PDC

MSS

IMT-2000

MSS

AWS AWS

C e l l u l a r

C e l l u l a r

C e l l u l a r

IMT-2000

IMT-2000

MSS

Under study

Under study

IMT-2000,band plan

not yet decided

Mobile allocationadded, no band

plan yet

ITU

allocations

Europe

China

Japan

North America

Brazil

PHS


Fig. 13 – IMT 2000 Spetm alltis (wrc 2000)





wrc 2007 Spetm

Under Agenda Item 1.4 “to consider requency-related matters or the uture development

o IMT-2000 and systems beyond IMT-2000.

“WRC-07 has identied globally harmonised spectrum or use by International Mobile

Telecommunications (IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced)”.

Additional spectrum was allocated or IMT systems in various new bands, resulting in

392 MHz o new spectrum in total in Europe and 428 MHz in the Americas:

20 MHz in the band 450−470 MHz (globally)•

72 MHz in the band 790−862 MHz or Region 1 (Europe) and parts o Region 3 (Asia)•

108 MHz in the band 698−806 MHz or Region 2 (Americas) and some countries o •

Region 3 (Asia)

100 MHz in the band 2.3−2.4 GHz (globally)•

200 MHz in the band 3.4−3.6 GHz (no global allocation, but identied in 82 countries)•

Note: These bands will not be available immediately or NGMN usage, but opened to the market

ollowing transition periods o up to several years. Additionally, the allocations regarding the

bands 790-862 MHz and 3.4 – 3.6 GHz in Region 1 will only come into ull eect in 2015 and

2010 respectively.



WRC-07 IMT Identifications

AmericasMobile allocation,no identifcation

4 5 0

4 7 0

6 9 8

8 6 2

2 3 0 0

2 4 0 0

3 4 0 0

3 5 0 0

3 6 0 0

Asia Pacific

Legend: Effective immediately in 61 countries, in 6 others a subset of the bandEffective in all countries 17 June 2015

4 5 0

4 7 0

6 9 8

8 6 2

2 3 0 0

2 4 0 0

3 4 0 0

3 5 0 0

3 6 0 0

Europe/Africa/

Middle East

In 81 countries,

eective 11/17/2010

4 5 0

4 7 0

7 9 0

8 6 2

2 3 0 0

2 4 0 0

3 4 0 0

3 5 0 0

3 6 0 0

Mobile allocation in 14 countries

Identified in 9 countries

Identified in 10 countries

Identified in 9 countries + mobile allocation everywhere


20 MHz in the band 450−470 MHz (globally)•

72 MHz in the band 790−862 MHz or Region 1 (Europe)•

and parts o Region 3 (Asia)

108 MHz in the band 698−806 MHz or Region 2•

(Americas) and some countries o Region 3 (Asia)

100 MHz in the band 2.3−2.4 GHz (globally)•

200 MHz in the band 3.4−3.6 GHz (no global allocation,•

but identied in 82 countries)

Fig. 14 – aitil Spetm Ietife t wrc 2007





LTE Spetm reqiemets

The table opposite shows the existing bands supported by 3GPP and 3GPP2. The majority

o these are already in use with the well known 2G/3G technologies. One o the largest areas

o interest or operators and regulators alike is the potential or spectrum re-arming in these

bands. Spectrum neutrality is becoming increasing wide spread, where the regulator lits the

technology specic nature o the licenses.

UMTS900 has already been approved and there is work taking place on the USA in the

700MHz band. The digital dividend is also another area o interest, analogue TV broadcast

are coming to an end in many parts o the word leaving behind spectrum in the ranges

470 – 862 MHz.



opetig

b

B

me

Ttl

spetm

uplik

(Mhz)

dlik

(Mhz)

Band I 2.1GHz 2x60MHz 1920 – 1980 2110 – 2170

Band II 1900MHz 2x60MHz 1850 – 1910 1930 – 1990

Band III 1800MHz 2x75MHz 1710 – 1785 1805 – 1880

USA Band IV 1.7/2.1GHz 2x45MHz 1710 – 1755 2110 – 2155

Band V 850MHz 2x25MHz 824 – 849 869 – 894

Japan Band VI 800MHz 2x10MHz 830 – 840 875 – 885

Band VII 2.6GHz 2x70MHz 2500 – 2570 2620 – 2690

Band VIII 900MHz 2x35MHz 880 – 915 925 – 960

Japan Band IX 1700MHz 2x35MHz 1749.9 – 1784.9 1844.9 – 1879.9

Band X 7.7/2.1MHz 2x60MHz 1710 – 1770 2110 – 2170

Japan Band XI 1500MHz 2x25MHz 1427.9 – 1452.9 1475.9 – 1500.9

New 3GPP

work items

USA Band XII Lower 700MHz 2x18MHz 698 – 716 728 – 746

USA Band XIII Upper 700MHz 2x12MHz 776 – 788 746 – 758

USA

Band XIVUpper 700MHz

public saety/private

2x10MHz 788 – 798 758 – 768

ETSI band

numbers

Band XV Paired 2.6GHz 2x20MHz 1900 – 1920 2600 – 2620

Band XVI Paired 2.6GHz 2x15MHz 2010 – 2025 2585 – 2600

lte radio planning sec01 200210 v01

Documents