lower leg and foot injuries
DESCRIPTION
Lower Leg and Foot Injuries. Recognition and Management of Foot Injuries. Heel bruise Cause : sudden stop and go; sudden horizontal and vertical movements S&S : severe heel pain; warmth; unable to weight bear Care : ice; rest; non-weight bearing for 24 hrs; heel cup; doughnut. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
• Heel bruise
Cause: sudden stop and go; sudden horizontal and vertical movements
S&S: severe heel pain; warmth; unable to weight bear
Care: ice; rest; non-weight bearing for 24 hrs; heel cup; doughnut
• Plantar fascitis
Cause: leg length discrepancy; inflexibility of longitudinal arch; gastroc/soleus tightness; shoes w/o arch support
S&S: pain worse in am or long periods of sitting; lessens after first few steps
Care: vigorous heel cord stretching; orthotics; heel cup; arch tape; massage
• Fractures of the metatarsals
Cause: direct force
S&S: swelling; pain; deformity; pt. tenderness
Care: rest; immobilization;
• Jones Fracture (5th metatarsal)
Cause: inversion and plantar flexion (ankle sprain); direct force; repetitive stress
S&S: immediate swelling; pain over 5th metatarsal
Care: controversial; surgery recommended; rehab
• Bunions
Cause: painful deformity of head of 1st metatarsal (mt); narrow shoes
S&S: tenderness; swelling; enlargement with calcification of head of 1st mt
Care: Shoes; doughnut; orthotics; possible surgery
• BlistersCause: shearing forces acting on skin
S&S: fluid - clear, bloody, or infected
Care: petroleum jelly; doughnut; second skin; drain; antibiotic ointment; socks; be sure to keep clean and covered to prevent infection
• Morton’s Neuroma
Cause: mass that occurs above the nerve sheath of the plantar nerve; usually between 3rd and 4th mt; collapsed arch; pronation
S&S: burning parasthesia; severe intermittent pain in the forefoot; pain relieved with non-weight bearing
Care: padding; shoes; surgery
• Turf toe
Cause: hyperextension of 1st MTP joint; sudden trauma; overuse; turf
S&S: pain; swelling
Care: tape; steel insoles; rest
• Ingrown toenail
Cause: poor fitting shoes; improper nail trimming; trauma
S&S: pain; swelling
Care: soak in hot water (105 - 110F) for 20 min then pry out of skin, lift the nail and insert a piece of cotton to keep the nail out of the skin; trim nail straight across