low cost high impact: suggestions for warming the campus climate for women
DESCRIPTION
Low Cost High Impact: Suggestions for Warming the Campus Climate for Women. Professor Christine Hult Utah State University PI Utah State ADVANCE. Funding provided by National Science Foundation ADVANCE Program SBE-0244922. http://www.nsf.gov/home/crssprgm/advance http://advance.usu.edu. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Low Cost High Impact: Suggestions for Warming the Campus Climate for Women
Professor Christine Hult Utah State University
PI Utah State ADVANCE
Funding provided by National Science Foundation ADVANCE Program SBE-0244922
http://www.nsf.gov/home/crssprgm/advance
http://advance.usu.edu
The Problem
Percentages of Females and Males in All S&E(NSF 00- 327, data points from 1996)
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Bachelors Masters Doctorate Assistant Prof Assoc Prof Professor
S&E Status in Education
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Female All S&E
Male All S&E
NSF ADVANCE Overview• The Purpose of NSF ADVANCE is to increase
the participation of women in the scientific and engineering workforce.
• The Problem: Significant increases in women STEM PhDs, but they are leaving academics.
• Our strategy: To address issues of equity through improving the effectiveness of all faculty members
• Climate changes have been shown to have a differential impact on women and minorities.
Organizational Change OverviewIncremental—two steps forward, one step back
Working with a variety of entities
• President & Provost, Deans• Sponsored Programs, VP Research• Tri-Council for Women’s Programs• AA/EO, Human Resources• Faculty Senate• STEM departments and department heads• Individual Faculty Members
Suggestions for Warming the Climate on your Campus
Some low cost high impact suggestions
(Project now in the sixth no-cost extension year)
1. Using Data to Drive Change
2. Improving Policies and Procedures
3. Supporting Faculty
1. Using Data to Drive Change
• National & Local Data
• Recruitment Data
• Promotion Data
• Retention Data
American Association of University Professors Gender Equity Indicators
http://www.aaup.org/AAUP/pubsres/research/geneq2006.htm• Indicator 1. Employment status (% women)
• Indicator 2. Tenure status (full time instructional)
• Indicator 3. Full Professor rank (% women full)
• Indicator 4. Average woman’s salary (as % of average man’s salary)
Break down institution’s data at college level.
Interviews of Women STEM Faculty and Matched Male Colleagues
Gender Differences in Obstacles to Success and Sources of Dissatisfacation
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NSF Data Indicators• Vary in difficulty of collection and usefulness.
• Space use analysis is only useful if the institution is large enough.
• Hiring and retention analyses need to be done at the college level across multiple years.
• Promotion analyses need to be done at the institutional level across multiple years.
Cleaning Institutional Data• Our experience - lots of errors in central
data.• When the number of women is small, the
errors can have large impacts.• Track individual faculty by names or
identifiable code. • Find sympathetic administrators to get
access to institutional data. • Find ways to institutionalize NSF Data
Indicators.
Recruitment Data
Data• Utah State had fewer
STEM faculty women than national averages.
• In the 5 years before ADVANCE 17% of STEM hires were women. Women made up 34% of national applicant pool.
Low cost strategies
• Formation of SERT: Science and Engineering Recruitment Team
• Development of Hiring for Excellence DVD
• More attention to Dual Career hiring policy
• Increased involvements of Deans in hiring decisions in some colleges
Improvement in RecruitmentNew Women Hires in the STEM Colleges - Tenured &
Tenure-Track Faculty Pre ADVANCE (1996-2002) & during ADVANCE (2003-2006)
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USU STEM Hiring of Assistant Professors by College 2003-2007
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Promotion Data
Data• At the start of ADVANCE,
Utah State had fewer full professors than peer institutions.
• Utah State had fewer women full professors in the STEM fields than national averages.
Low cost strategies• Workshops for Associate
to Full professors• Associate to Full
transition mini-grants• Promotion committees for
associate professors• Some deans began
meeting with each associate professor to discuss promotion
The Cost of Not Retaining Faculty
Data• Over a 3 year period Utah
State spent $3.67 M on start up packages to replace faculty who left for other institutions
• Over a 5 year period 22% of women and 13% of men STEM faculty left for another institution.
Low cost strategies• ½ time Vice Provost for
Diversity & Development (faculty mentoring and retention)
• Direct some merit increases toward retention
• Greater attention to dual career hiring
Improvement in Non-Retirement Attrition
Annual Non-retirement Attrition
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STEM Female Tenured & Tenured-Track Women Faculty by College and Year
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Annual Growth rate Pre-ADVANCE = 2.5%
Annual Growth rate ADVANCE = 9%
Increase in the Number of STEM Women Faculty
2. Reviewing Policies
Systematic review of policies identified by women in interviews as “barriers” or sources of “dissatisfaction”
• Dual career policy
• Promotion committees
• Tenure and promotion policies/guidelines
• Ombudspersons for T&P meetings
• Work-life policies
Transparency
Increase transparency of processes. • This is critical in breaking down the “us
versus them” phenomenon wherein faculty see the administration as their enemy.
• When decision processes such as resource allocation or promotion are unclear or hidden, distrust increases.
• Trust can be regained with improved transparency.
Committee Appointments• Evaluate committee appointments.
Committee appointments often disproportionately affect women.
• Avoid the token woman syndrome. That is, having a woman on every committee.
• Consider using a spreadsheet. Include departmental/college/university
committees.
Dual-Career Policies
• Create and publicize dual-career policies.
Our study of university policies on websites.
• Have policies in place and readily available.
This will improve placement in academia of women faculty with PhD/Scientist partners
Work-Life Issues
Make improvements in work-life issues. Work-life policies seem to be especially important
for women. Policies that can improve work-life: • Paid care-giving leave • On-site child care • Tenure extensions and/or transitional support to
maintain or restart research following major life events
• Part-time or job-sharing options for tenure-track faculty
3. Supporting All Faculty• Promote networking
• Celebrate small wins
• Communicate (10 times more than you think would be necessary)
• Provide for modest seed grants
• Offer brown-bag workshops
• Offer individual coaching on T&P
• Open all programs to men and women
Improve Research Collaborations
• Isolation: Women at MIT and Utah State both reported feelings of isolation.
• Networking: Our data suggest women do not realize that resources are obtained through networking.
• Team-work and collaboration on research: Can improve the job satisfaction and productivity of all faculty.
Collaborative Seed Grants
Provide modest funding for collaborative seed grants ($5-8k)
• Must be “multi-disciplinary”• Must include at least one female from STEM• Must target a specific grant or agency
Institutionalized through VPR• Impressive results on follow-up funding after one
year of VPR central seed grant funding
VPR Funding Results• Of the VPR grant PIs and co-PIs, 23 were
female and 25 were male.
• Of the 48 VPR grant PIs and co-PIs, five received direct ADVANCE support.
• Of the 48 VPR grant PIs and co-PIs, 16 came from departments with whom ADVANCE had worked.
Transitional Support Grants
Small pool of funds for emergency “transitions” such as illness in family
• Have partly institutionalized as “care-giving with modified duties” policy
Small pool of funds for transitioning from associate to full
• Have partly institutionalized with transition grants in some colleges
Significant Gains through ADVANCE
• From 1996-2002, USU had to hire 15.5 faculty members (men and women) to increase the number of women faculty in STEM by 1.
• From 2003-2007, USU only had to hire 4 faculty members (men and women) to increase the number of women faculty in STEM by 1.
This is a function of improving the % of new women hires and retention rates for women.
Summary
• Institutional data can effect climate change.
• Data focus the discussion on specific issues.
• Interested administrators used institutional data in decision making and to justify decisions.
• Improvement in policies improves climate.
• Supporting all faculty improves climate.