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Louisa Regional Solid Waste Agency

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section I: Planning Area Changes

Permanent Changes in the Planning Area ____________________________________________ 4

Section II: Evidence of Cooperation

Resolutions ____________________________________________________________________ 4

Letter of Cooperation ____________________________________________________________ 4

Copies of Contracts and 28E Agreements That Have Changed ____________________________ 4

Section III: Public Participation

Public Input Strategies ___________________________________________________________ 5

Public Hearings/Plan Development _________________________________________________ 5

Public Review Meeting ___________________________________________________________ 5

Section IV: Baseline Waste Stream Report

Waste Stream Report ____________________________________________________________ 6

Section V: Changes in Area Demographics

Summary of Changes ____________________________________________________________ 7

Section VI: Waste Composition

Changes in Waste Generation _____________________________________________________ 8

Changes in Waste Composition ____________________________________________________ 9

Effects of Anticipated Planning Area Modifications ___________________________________ 10

Section VII: Existing I.S.W.M.S Description

Material Specifc Initiatives _______________________________________________________ 10

New Waste Reduction and Recycling Programs ______________________________________ 13

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Section VIII: Evaluation of Progress Towards Goals

Existing Programs ______________________________________________________________ 15

Section IX: Analysis of Solid Waste Alternatives

Analysis of Solid Waste Alternatives _______________________________________________ 17

Section X: Implementation Timeline

Implementation Timeline ________________________________________________________ 17

Appendices

Appendix A ___________________________________________________________________ 26

Appendix B ___________________________________________________________________ 28

Appendix C ___________________________________________________________________ 37

Appendix D ___________________________________________________________________ 39

Appendix E ___________________________________________________________________ 39

This update is a statutory requirement, pursuant to Iowa code sections 455.304 and 455D.7 and solid

waste comprehensive planning requirements outlined in IAC 567 – Chapter 101. This document is

formatted according to the Sample Outline provided by the Iowa Department of Natural Resources

(2014).

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Louisa Regional Solid Waste Agency

Comprehensive Plan Update September 2014

I. PLANNING AREA CHANGES

1.1 Permanent Changes in the Planning Area

The Planning Area includes all cities in Louisa County, with the exception of Morning Sun, and

the unincorporated area in Louisa County.

No permanent changes have occurred to the planning area since the 2009 plan update. The

same communities and businesses continue to utilize the transfer station within the planning

area.

The Louisa County Landfill was closed in 1993. Recycling is hauled to Muscatine, Iowa, and

landfill waste is hauled to Millennium Waste in Milan, IL.

II. EVIDENCE OF COOPERATION

2.1 Resolutions

All cities which utilize the regions transfer station are members of the 28E Agreement. The

resolution officially adopting this comprehensive plan can found in Appendix D.

2.2 Letter of Cooperation

There are no private sanitary disposal projects participating in the comprehensive plan update.

2.3 Lists of Contracts and 28E Agreements that have changed

The 28E agreement has not changed since the last plan update. The 2002 Comprehensive Plan

Update includes a copy of the original 28E agreement, signed in 1972.

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III. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

3.1 Public Input Strategies

The public can provide input by contacting their local elected officials or by contacting LRSWA

directly. The address and phone number for the Louisa County Transfer Station are listed on

Louisa County’s webpage (www.louisacountyiowa.com). The public is also welcome at LRSWA

board meetings, held at the Transfer Station in Wapello on the third Tuesday of each quarter at

5:30pm.

3.2 Public Hearing/Meeting Held for Plan Development

Public meetings were held on XX, 2014 and xx, 2014 to discuss the plan update.

3.3 Public Review Meetings

A public meeting was held on XX, 2014 and gave local citizens an opportunity to review the plan

and submit comments prior to adoption of the plan.

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IV. BASELINE WASTE STREAM REPORT

4.1 Baseline Waste Stream Report

The table below was completed by the Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

BASE-YEAR ADJUSTMENT METHOD REPORT TABLE

NAME OF PLANNING AREA: Louisa County Regional Solid Waste Agency

CURRENT YEAR (CY): FY2013

BASE YEAR: FY1988

FACTORS DATA TIME-PERIOD / SOURCE

STEP 1: Basic Information

1 Base Year Residential Waste Disposal 2,420.80 From last approved plan

2 Base Year Commercial/Industrial Waste Disposal 3,631.20 From last approved plan

3 Base Year Total Waste Disposal 6,052.00 From last approved plan

4 CY Waste Disposal 6,167.03 FY2013 Tonnage Fee Schedule

5 Base Year Population 10,820 From last approved plan

6 CY Population 10,448 FY2012 Census Estimate

7 Base Year Employment 2,766.64 From last approved Plan

8 CY Employment 3,361.31 FY2013 Place of work

9 Base Year Taxable Sales $24,498,088 From last approved Plan

10 CY Taxable Sales $27,762,207 FY2013, DRF

11 Base Year Consumer Price Index 115.8417 From last approved Plan

12 CY Consumer Price Index 231.3523 FY2013 - CPI-U

STEP 2: CY Taxable Sales Corrected for Inflation

13 Inflation Correction Factor 0.5007155

14 CY Corrected Taxable Sales $13,900,967

STEP 3: Base Year and Current Year Ratios

15 Population Ratio (PR) 0.9656192

16 Employment Ratio (ER) 1.2149422

17 Taxable Sales Ratio (TR) 0.5674307

STEP 4: Adjustment Factors

18 Base Year Commercial/Industrial Adjustment Factor 0.8911864

19 Base Year Residential Adjustment Factor 0.9284028

STEP 5: Adjusted Base Year Disposal Tonnages

20 Base Year Adjusted Residential Waste Disposal 2,247

21 Base Year Adjusted Commercial/Industrial Waste Disposal 3,236

22 Base Year Adjusted Total Waste Disposal 5,484

STEP 6: Goal Progress and Reduction Percentage Results

23 CY Waste Disposal (from line #4) 6,167

24 Maximum Allowable Disposal to Attain 25 Percent Goal 4,113

25 Actual Tonnage Over (or Under) 25 Percent Goal 2,054

26 Maximum Allowable Disposal to Attain 50 Percent Goal 2,742

27 Actual Tonnage Over (or Under) 50 Percent Goal 3,425

28 CURRENT DISPOSAL REDUCTION (PERCENTAGE) -12.46%

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V. CHANGES IN AREA DEMOGRAPHICS

5.1 Changes in Area Demographics

Total population in the planning area decreased by 517 residents (-4.7%) between 2006 and 2012, according to US Census estimates. The estimated number of employed planning area residents also decreased since the previous comprehensive plan update, declining 7.6% between FY2007 and FY2013. Taxable sales remain mostly unchanged. No significant changes in the industry sector have occurred since the previous plan update. Population, employment, and taxable sales tables shown below provide additional detail and were compiled and provided by the Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Planning Area Population, FY2006 and FY2012*

2006 2012 % Change

Estimated Planning Area Population

10,965 10,448 -4.7%

Source: US Census 2012 *Louisa County population minus Morning Sun population

Louisa County Employment Data, FY2013

Date # Employed

Jul-12 3,580

Aug-12 3,550

Sep-12 3,610

Oct-12 3,630

Nov-12 3,700

Dec-12 3,720

Jan-13 3,570

Feb-13 3,580

Mar-13 3,590

Apr-13 3,630

May-13 3,640

Jun-13 3,740

Monthly Average 3,628

Monthly Average in Planning Area*

3,361

Source: Iowa Workforce Development, Benchmark 3/13 *Equals Louisa Co # employed x % of Louisa Co population in

Planning Area

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Planning Area # Employed, FY2007 and FY2013

FY2007 FY2013 % Change

Monthly Average 3,638 3,361 -7.6%

Planning Area Taxable Sales, FY2013*

July-Sept

2012 Oct-Dec

2012 Jan-Mar

2013 Apr-Jun

2013 FY2013

Taxable Sales ($) $7,049,900 $7,104,554 $6,215,592 $7,392,161 $27,762,207

Source: Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance, Quarterly Retail Sales Tax and Use Report *Louisa County taxable sales minus Morning Sun taxable sales

Planning Area Taxable Sales, FY2007 and FY2013

FY2007 FY2013 % Change

Taxable Sales ($) $27,805,138 $27,762,207 -0.2%

VI. WASTE COMPOSITION & GENERATION

6.1 Changes in Waste Generation since the 2009 Plan Update

The “Total Waste Generation” table below illustrates that total waste has been approximately

6,000 tons each fiscal year, with one exception in FY2009. The flood of 2008 is likely responsible

for the significant increase in regular waste collected in FY2009 (30% more waste than FY2012).

Since then, total regular waste collected has dropped below pre-flood totals.

Total Waste Generation (tons), FY2007 - FY2013

FISCAL YEAR

HOUSEHOLD WASTE

CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION

WASTE

RECYCLED MATERIAL

TOTAL (TONS)

TAKEN TO LANDFILL

(TONS)

2007 5401.65 530.84 148.14 6080.63 5932.49

2008 5033.01 666.61 129.66 5829.28 5699.62

2009 7871.26 600.13 111.94 8583.33 8471.39

2010 4818.97 1156.12 79.93 6055.02 5975.09

2011 4523.57 1340.2 124.96 5988.73 5863.77

2012 4494.07 1392.96 125.7 6012.73 5887.03

2013 4360.44 1261.14 N/A N/A 5621.58

Source: LRSWA

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6.2 Changes in Waste Composition since the 2009 Plan Update

Beginning in FY2013, recycling tonnage is no longer tracked. The transfer station operator

delivers recycling as needed to Muscatine Carton. The operator is paid by the load. Available

data prior to this change shows a slight increase in the proportion of waste being recycled (less

than 1%) since the last plan.

Construction and demolition waste has become a significantly larger proportion of total waste

generation, increasing from 8.73% in FY2007 to 23.17% in FY2013.

Waste Composition, FY2007 - FY2013

FISCAL YEAR

HOUSEHOLD WASTE

%

CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION WASTE

%

RECYCLED MATERIAL

%

2007 88.83 8.73 2.44

2008 86.34 11.44 2.22

2009 91.70 6.99 1.30

2010 79.59 19.09 1.32

2011 75.53 22.38 2.09

2012 74.74 23.17 2.09

2013 N/A N/A N/A

A new e-waste program, beginning in January 2012, has increased opportunities to divert

recyclable materials from the landfill. During calendar year 2012, 31,513 pounds of e-waste was

collected. Diverted materials since the program started include:

61 computer monitors

289 televisions

3422 lbs of other e-waste

Glass is no longer collected as recyclable material.

Household hazardous materials can now be taken to the Muscatine transfer station for disposal,

at no cost to the Louisa County resident. LRSWA is billed once annually at a rate of $35 per

household utilizing the service. The program has been underutilized, with only 20 uses in the

four year period since it has been in effect although annual usage has increase in recent years.

Muscatine Transfer Station HHM usage, FY2011 - FY2014

Fiscal Year # Households using Service

2011 6

2012 0

2013 10

2014 14

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The number of tires collected has generally increased since FY2007, while the number of

appliances collected has trended downward.

Collected Tires and Appliances, FY2007 - FY2013

FISCAL YEAR

TIRES APPLIANCES

# COLLECTED # COLLECTED

2007 326 554

2008 304 438

2009 225 151

2010 455 424

2011 428 385

2012 658 323

2013 581 272

6.3 Effects of Anticipated LRSWA Modifications

Modifications to waste collection since the 2009 comprehensive plan update (specifically, the

HHW collection program, e-waste collection, and discontinuing collection of glass recyclables)

have had minimal effects on generation and composition. Future effects are difficult to

anticipate, but the modifications will likely have slightly more impact as residents become

educated and aware of the changes.

VII. EXISTING I.S.W.M.S. DESCRIPTION

7.10 Material Specific Initiatives

LRSWA adheres to state and local governments mandates regarding the disposal and handling of

certain materials. These efforts are reflected in the agency’s policies and waste management

procedures.

Louisa County is a rural area, and word-of-mouth largely educates residents about local

regarding proper use and handling of waste in their local areas. Most communities in the

planning area provide information to their residents through websites, newsletters, welcome

packets, and other civic education efforts. The primary source of specific information available

to the public can be found on the Louisa County website (www.louisacountyiowa.org).

Recycling policies for cities and rural households is available on the website.

LRSWA contracted with the Louisa County Conservation Board from 2008-2010 to engage the

public through articles in local publications, press releases, flyers, booths at large public events,

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newsletters, etc. Outside links and resources are also often cited and provide additional

information to the public.

Specific efforts to engage the public in the proper use of specific materials are described in more

detail below.

What strategies, efforts, and programs increase public awareness about proper recycling and

disposal options for motor oil and lead acid batteries?

The public can dispose of oil and batteries at the LRSWA transfer station in Wapello. Disposal

requires checking-in with a transfer station employee, who handles the waste material. Oil is

deposited into storage tank, which is otherwise locked so depositors may not input oil

containers themselves. The current fees for disposal of auto batteries, antifreeze, and motor oil

are:

Auto Batteries: $1.00/each

Antifreeze: $1.00/gallon

Motor Oil: $0.25/gallon

Disposal fees and the oil deposit procedure are posted on the Louisa County website.

What strategies, efforts, and programs encourage tire stewardship and proper tire recycling

and disposal?

Tires are accepted at the LRSWA Transfer Station. Disposal fees depend upon the size/type of

being recycled, as indicated on the Louisa County website. Fees are:

Up to 17" car tires: $3.00/each

18" to 24.5" truck tires: $10.00/each

Tractor & implement tires: $25.00/each

Tires with rims: municipal solid waste rate

What strategies, efforts, and programs encourage residents to dispose of household appliance

properly?

Appliances are accepted at the LRSWA Transfer Station. Disposal fee is $12/appliance, as

indicated on the Louisa County website and other publications.

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What strategies, efforts, and programs encourage backyard composting and proper

management of yard waste?

The Louisa County transfer station does not accept yard waste. Some communities within the planning area, however, do have local yard waste collection sites.

Published articles have encouraged backyard composting, and provide basic information about compostable materials and how to start a compost pile.

What strategies, efforts, and programs encourage residents to properly manage household

hazardous waste?

The Louisa County transfer station does not accept household hazardous waste, but does

contract for the service with the Muscatine Transfer Station. Residents in the planning area can

take materials to the Muscatine Transfer Station at no cost. LRSWA is billed $35 for each

household that uses the service.

As stated in the previous plan update, LRSWA’s hazardous waste arrangement with the

Muscatine Transfer Station had relatively high coverage in local publications, in order to educate

residents about the program. The service continues to be identified in marketing material, and

specific information can be found on the Louisa County website.

One approach to management of household hazardous waste is to reduce usage. News articles

funded by LRSWA have encouraged the use of alternatives to potentially harmful household

cleaning products. The information provides specific examples of homemade solutions for

safer, cheaper cleaning products. For example, the article suggests a vinegar and water

alternative to glass cleaner. Fewer chemicals in the home generates less waste overall.

Paint can be disposed of in the trash only if it has been dried out. Reuse of usable paint (e.g.

giving it to a friend) is encouraged through publications. If that is not possible, paint drying and

disposal information is also explained.

What strategies, efforts, and programs provide for the separation of glass, paper, plastic and

metal?

In Louisa County, residents can recycle magazines, newspapers, office paper, plastics and almost

all metals. Glass collection has been recently discontinued. Non-recyclable exceptions are

mentioned in publications, as identified below.

Sensitized paper such as carbon paper or blue prints, photo graphs, film, or

metal embossed paper is not recyclable.

Cardboard with a water-proof coating, such as wax, is not recyclable.

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Cardboard that has grease, oil or food residue should not be recycled.

Plastic shopping bags are not recyclable in Louisa County, but many stores in

Muscatine and Des Moines counties do take them back for recycling.

Curbside recycling is available to many residents, as a result of contracted services between

local communities and a private collection companies. LRSWA provides free collection bins to

residents eligible for curb-side pickup. Residents can also drop off recyclable materials, at no

charge, in separated bins at the transfer station.

The environmental, financial, and social benefits of recycling are touted often, particularly

online and in published articles. Published articles have also encouraged source reduction, or

simply that residents minimize waste by consuming fewer goods. The articles also explain that

purchasing second-hand goods and choosing goods that require less packaging helps the

environment. The articles are often timed to coincide with high-waste production events, such

as holidays.

7.11 New Waste Reduction and Recycling Programs

Since the last comprehensive plan update, LRSWA has implemented one new waste management

program to handle electronic waste, or “e-waste”. The LRSWA program responds to new landfill

regulation in Illinois, where LRSWA trash is transferred. The new regulation, effective January 1,

2012, bans e-waste from Illinois landfills and incinerators. The program allows electronics

recyclers to recover trace amounts of valuable metals, and also prevents toxic chemicals from

entering the landfill.

Prior to the e-waste collection program, residents were encouraged to take electronic waste to

Drake Hardware & Software in Burlington, Iowa. That company no longer accepts e-waste.

The simple definition for e-waste is “anything with a cathode tube and circuit board.” Home

appliances, however are not considered e-waste. The list below shows materials defined as e-

waste by the Illinois EPA:

Televisions

Monitors

Printers

Computers ( laptop, notebook, netbook, tablet, desktop )

Electronic Keyboards

Facsimile Machines

Videocassette Recorders

Portable Digital Music Players

Digital Video Disc Players

Video Game Consoles

Small Scale Servers

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Scanners

Electronic Mice

Digital Converter Boxes

Cable Receivers

Satellite Receivers

Digital Video Disc Recorders E-waste can be dropped off at the Louisa County Transfer Station. LRSWA e-waste disposal fees depend upon the type and/or size of item, and are:

$2.00 per item without a screen

$5.00 per item with screens 18 inches or smaller (measured diagonally)

$10.00 per item with screens larger than 18 inches (measured diagonally)

Additionally, large commercial or business items will cost $0.30 per pound, with a minimum charge of $15 per load. Current fees reflect an increase in cost for disposal effective February, 2013. The increases were deemed necessary in order to offset the Agency’s costs for transferring the waste to area electronics recyclers.

The target audience includes area residents, businesses and industries, local governments, public institutions, and any other entity producing electronic waste. The LRSWA secretary-treasurer is responsible for program oversight. Local media has reported on the program and most communities in the planning area provide information to their residents through websites, newsletters, welcome packets, and other civic education efforts. The primary source of specific information available to the public can be found on the Louisa County website.

Impact over the next two planning cycles is not easily discernible. Impact will be more clear as more data becomes available, but LRSWA anticipates that the program will increasingly reduce toxic chemicals entering the landfill, and will produce increasingly higher amounts of reusable materials, particularly because as the cost of electronic goods decreases. Another driving force that will contribute to the overall impact is the rapidly-changing technology that makes existing electronics quickly outdated and therefore more likely to become waste. The program does not directly promote source reduction, but does follow the outlined strategies described in the state’s “hierarchy of waste management”, specifically including material reuse, recycling, and disposal.

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VIII. EVALUATION OF PROGRESS TOWARD GOALS

This section provides an evaluation of progress toward meeting the state’s waste volume reduction and

recycling goals. The evaluation consists of an analysis of the effectiveness of existing programs,

individually and in aggregate, including a discussion of opportunities and need for improvement,

modification or expansion.

Section IV of this plan shows the steps involved for calculating the current disposal reduction based on

the FY1988 adjusted total waste disposal. According to the calculations, current waste tonnage is

12.46% higher than the base year (adjusted), whereas the state goals call for a 25% reduction.

Analysis of Existing Programs

SEIRPC staff, under the direction LRSWA and on behalf of its members, analyzed existing programs using

available data and stakeholder interviews. Waste management and diversion programs include curbside

and on-site trash collection, curbside and on-site recycling, household hazardous waste disposal,

disposal of various specific materials as described in Section VII of this plan, and public outreach efforts.

In general, the availability and quality of programs in the Planning Area adequately serve the basic needs

of residents. LRSWA programs provide residents with a variety of ways and opportunities to properly

handle waste. However, many opportunities exist for achieving the state’s waste reduction goals. In

particular, program use and public education efforts can be significantly improved. Construction and

demolition waste generation can be a specific area of focus.

Notable strengths, weakness, and opportunities of existing programs and efforts are described below:

STRENGTHS

LRSWA maintains good relationships and partnerships with local governments.

Recent upgrades to the transfer station facilities, including the purchase of a new recycling

collection trailer, provide a better experience for users.

Installation of security cameras and monitor at transfer station help prevent vandalism and

improper use of the facilities.

Wayfinding has improved with new directional signs to transfer station placed on US Highway 61

and County Road G62

Improvements to the fee structure of the e-waste program eliminated the financial losses to the

agency under the previous fee structure.

The environmental education display booth at the Louisa County Fair gave high visibility for

LRSWA. Free reusable shopping bags were also given to fair goers.

LRSWA representatives have attended conferences to learn best practice techniques.

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WEAKNESSES

Absence of an executive director or recycling coordinator leaves a gap in leadership and

program implementation capabilities

Under the current system, the LRSWA “tipping fee” revenue stream is linked to waste

generation (i.e. more waste = more revenue), creating disincentive for waste reduction and

diversion.

Construction and demolition waste has been increasing significantly in recent years.

Transfer station recycling containers are sometimes full for extended periods of time.

Recycling and material specific program usage is relatively low.

Recyclable glass is no longer collected.

A “garbage truck” vehicle is used for curb-side recycling and confuses some residents.

The Agency no longer collects data for recycling tonnage.

Public education and engagement efforts are sporadic.

OPPORTUNITIES

Construction and Demolition waste has increased dramatically in recent years and should be a

specific area of focus in order to reduce and divert waste from the landfill.

Containers can be better managed to generally have sufficient room for users to deposit their

recyclable materials.

LRSWA can build upon past successes for special events, such as “Hazchem Days” and the

“Project Aware Campaign”.

Grants and outside funding sources are available to help achieve state waste reduction goals

and generally improve services.

Continue to work with SEIRPC or similar organizations for grant writing and planning services.

IX. ANALYSIS OF SOLID WASTE ALTERNATIVES

This section provides an analysis of the impact of alternative solid waste management methods not

currently employed, but being considered within the planning area.

Limited resources, particularly with regards to funding and staffing, are obstacles to the development

and implementation of new programs. LRSWA currently employs just one full-time staff member, who

serves as both treasurer and secretary.

The primary driving force behind LRSWA waste management efforts is compliance with state and federal

regulations. LRSWA will continue to implement waste alternatives as necessary. No new programs are

otherwise currently being considered.

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X. IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE

This section describes the specific plan and schedule for implementation of LRWSA planned activities.

Items addressed include:

Proposed activities and locations

Responsible organizations

Implementation milestones

Public education strategies

Anticipated impact on the waste stream and diversion

YEARS 1 – 5 (2014-2019)

Year 1:

Compile a list of grant providers and funding sources.

Year 2:

Develop system for data collection and record-keeping for recyclable materials and all other

waste. This will be done as necessary by the LRSWA secretary/treasurer, unless other

arrangements are made. LRSWA can enter into contractual agreements with SEIRPC or similar

organizations for this service.

Design and develop a simple webpage detailing general information about LRSWA services and

providing links to outside resources. This will be done as necessary by the LRSWA

secretary/treasurer, unless other arrangements are made. LRSWA can enter into contractual

agreements with SEIRPC or similar organizations for this service. Updates and maintenance of

the site would be the responsibility of LRSWA. The website would be a valuable resource for

residents regarding proper handling and disposal of waste, and could provide opportunities for

public input.

Investigate the possibility and financial benefits of diverting waste brought to the transfer

station from the Millennium Waste landfill.

Ongoing:

Seek outside funding for improvements projects and waste diversion. This will be done as

necessary by the LRSWA secretary/treasurer, unless other arrangements are made. LRSWA can

enter into contractual agreements with SEIRPC or similar organizations for this service.

Investigate the possibility of hiring an executive director / recycling coordinator to meet state

and federal requirements, meet state waste reduction goals, engage the public, and handle day-

to-day activities. This activity depends upon adequate funding, which can be acquired through

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fees, grants, membership dues, etc. The Board of Directors is responsible for setting policies

and hiring employees.

Target local schools

Reduce amount of recyclable materials in rural burn piles

Glass recyclables

Single stream for rural residents?

YEARS 6 – 10 (2019-2024)

Continue waste management programming and implementation.

Identify and implement new material specific initiatives.

Create strategic plan in anticipation of ending of the 30-year closure process and loss of

corresponding revenue.

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Appendix A: Public Notifications

Appendix B:

Public Meeting Agendas, Minutes, Sign-Ins

Appendix C:

Resolution Adopting Plan

Appendix D: Louisa County Website Screenshots

Appendix E:

Online Verification Signature Form

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http://www.louisacountyiowa.org/recycle/station.html

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http://www.louisacountyiowa.org/recycle/WhyRecycle.html

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http://www.louisacountyiowa.org/recycle/HHM.html

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http://www.louisacountyiowa.org/recycle/OilProcedure.html