Loss Reduction and CDM at Gubbi Substation

Energy Economy & Environmental Consultants

BangaloreINDIA

Power Scenario -India

Agriculture30%

Industrial34%

Commercial 6%

Domestic18%

Others12%

Total Energy Generated - 500 BU

Losses - 150 BU

The Need for the Project

High Technical losses (25 - 30%) especially in

Distribution systems

Annual generation in India 500 BU and Losses

estimated 125 Billion Units amounting to Rs. 375

Billion annually

International standard for technical losses - 8 to

10%

Power Scenario - Karnatakadomestic

14.0%

commercial2.8%

public lighting1.5%

largeIndustry13.4%

public waterworks1.4%

state tubewells25.7%

railways0.5%

bulk supply0.1%

InterstateSales0.0%

Losses35.8%

Industry4.7%

Total Power purchase - 29050 MU

Avg. cost of supply - Rs. 3.52/kWh

Agricultural sector - Karnataka

Number of Pumpsets - 11 Lakhs Energy Consumption - 35 % Revenue Realized - 4% T & D Loss - 25 to 30% Energy Theft - 20 to 25% Average Pumpset efficiency - 20 to 25%

Gubbi

Gubbi Substation 110/11 kV

Capacity - 30 MVA Feeder - 13 Nos Consumption - 90 MU Pumpsets - 8400 Nos Crops grown -

Arecanut, Palm, Vegetables, cash crops

Metered energy - 4%

Farmer’s problems

Poor Voltage Conditions

Low power factor

Low reliability

Frequent motor burn outs Restricted availability of power immaterial of field

requirements

Utility’s perspective

Unplanned Development

High T & D Losses

Improper Load Distribution

Overloading of Feeders & DTCs

Poor Voltage Conditions

Power Pilferage

Low Revenue Generation

The solution

Implement loss reduction measures

High voltage distribution system

Efficient small capacity transformers

Load management system

Energy efficient pumpsets

Action Implement loss reduction measures through

commercial projects Advantages

Improved power quality (Voltage, PF)

Low losses

High reliability

Prolonged equipment life

Benefits Financial Indicators

IRR of 35% on equity

IRR of 18 - 20% on project costs

Reduced GHG emissions due reduction in overall demand - Carbon trading

Huge potential for replication

Statistics for G.Hosahalli feeder

I Total Number DTC 58

25-kVA 7

63-kVA 21

100-kVA 27

250-kVA 3

II Number of DTC Catering to

IP-Sets 16

Domestic + IP-Sets 40

Village water supply 2

III Consumer List

Total Number of IP-Sets 709

Lighting Connections 1166

Commercial Connections 6

BJ Connections 140

Consumption per Annum - 7.6 MU

HT network - Present

INDEX

250 kVA

63 kVA

25 kVA

100 kVA

070

250 kVA : 3 Nos

NETWORK DETAILS

Total DTC : 58 Nos25 kVA : 8 Nos63 kVA : 21 Nos100 kVA : 26 Nos

065

064

063

062

038

071

072 073

074

075

097

098

086

091

088

087

089

092

051

095

094

099

081

079

077

080

082

060

101

058 059

056

083

039

054

047

040

036

035

46A

042

044

045 046

050

048

110

030

028

029

DPS

103 105

180

106

109

SUB-STATION4-PS

DPS DPS

115

033

031

032

121

141

142

144

145

146

119

107 DPS

117

123

DPS124

DPS108

130

128

126

134

129

136

137

166

164

149

176

155

151

150

154

178

156

159

158

113

163

162

160 168

171

169

170

173

DPS175

156.1 kW

96.1 kW

130.6 kW

136 kW

25 kW22 kW

41 kW

20 kW

Demand : 4680 kWLine Losses : 680 kW

HT network - After modifications

110

Total DTC : 58 Nos

NETWORK DETAILS

25 kVA : 8 Nos

250 kVA : 3 Nos100 kVA : 26 Nos63 kVA : 21 Nos

INDEX

250 kVA

25 kVA

63 kVA

100 kVA

065

070

064

063

062

038

SUB-STATION4-PS

DPSDPS

12 kW

12 kW

DPS

7.6 kW

028

030

029

105 103

180

106

115

109

071

097

098

073 072

074

075

095

094

101

059 058

060

056

099

039

040

080

079

077

082

081

042

054

044

047

045

086

091

092

083

088

089

087

050

048

051

124

036

033

031

032

035

121

46A

046

117

DPS107

108

DPS

119

130

113

128

123

DPS

126

129

134

141

142

144

145

146

136

137

164

166

163

171

162

160 168

170

169

175

DPS

173

149

178

159

156 155

158

151

150 154

176

48 kW

8 kW 10 kW

11 kW

9 kW

New Line

Demand : 3459 kW (4680)HT Line Losses : 150 kW (680)

P

P

Cons. No.- 36045 HP

S/M

P

P S/MCons. No.- 60575 HP

P

Cons. No.- 6055 HP

P

Cons. No.- 52897.5 HP

Cons. No.- 54205 HP

P

S/M S/M

Incoming 11 kV Line

100 kVA

Cons. No.- 595Pumpset removed

GL GL

P

Cons. No.- 27856 HP

GL

P

P

P

Cons. No.- 517Room locked

P

Cons. No.- 59155 HP

P

P

PCons. No.- 31975 HP

P

Cons. No.- 12975 HP

P

GL

GLP

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.50.00.1

0.0

0.3 0.5

9.9

3.20.1

0.00.0

0.1

0.1

4.9

0.1

2.1

1.6

0.00.1

4.7

0.6

0.6

0.0

0.40.6

0.2

0.10.0

0.60.0

0.0

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.1

0.1

0.00.0

0.10.1

0.1

Existing Rural LT

Transformer Rating

: 100 kVA

Total Consumers : 18 nos

Analysis Results

Demand

: 102 kW

Agricultural : 64 kW

Domestic

: 8 kW

Technical losses : 30 kW

PCons. No.- 60575 HP

S/M

P

Cons. No.- 36045 HP

PP

P S/M

Cons. No.- 6055 HP

P

P Cons. No.- 54205 HP

Cons. No.- 595Pumpset removed

S/MS/M 100 kVA

Incoming 11 kV Line

GL GL

Cons. No.- 27856 HP

P

GL

P

P

Cons. No.- 517Room locked

P

0.1

Cons. No.- 59155 HP

Cons. No.- 52897.5 HP

P

P

P

Cons. No.- 12975 HP

Cons. No.- 31975 HP

P

P

P

GL

P GL

Network with HVDS

ST

ST

ST

HVDSDemand : 78 kW (102 kW)Line Losses : 6 kW (30 kW)

ST

STST Small capacity transformers

ST

PCons. No.- 60575 HP

S/M

P

Cons. No.- 36045 HP

PP

P S/M

Cons. No.- 6055 HP

P

P Cons. No.- 54205 HP

Cons. No.- 595Pumpset removed

S/MS/M 100 kVA

Incoming 11 kV Line

GL GL

Cons. No.- 27856 HP

P

GL

P

P

Cons. No.- 517Room locked

P

0.1

Cons. No.- 59155 HP

Cons. No.- 52897.5 HP

P

P

P

Cons. No.- 12975 HP

Cons. No.- 31975 HP

P

P

P

GL

P GL

DSM - HVDS & EE pumpsets

ST

ST

ST

HVDS & EE pumpsetsDemand : 59 kW (102 kW)Line Losses : 4 kW (30 kW)

ST

STST Small capacity transformers

ST

EE pumpsets

Metering Arrangement

25 kVA

Flour Mill

10 kVA

9.7 kw

5

5.5 kw4

2L

25 kVA

3L3L2L

1

Off

2L 16 kVA

HT/LT

2L

2L2L

2L

2L

Off

3

KEY for Meters

Supply always ON - Domestic (Single phase)Supply always ON - LT industrial/commercial

Controlled Supply ON/OFF - Agriculture

Domestic Consumers

Domestic Consumers

Commercial Consumers

Agricultural Consumers

Metering System

Installing a system of grouped metering and a switch which can be remotely operated through Power Line Carrier Communication equipment. The necessary signals will be injected through an injecting transformer installed on the 11 kV busbar at the substation.

The loads will be grouped into 3 - 4 divisions to enable selective switching. The lines will be energised for 24 hours and the pump loads provided power for limited period of 8 hours (or as per requirements from time to time)

Single phase transformers for lighting and commercial loads will be installed for a cluster of domestic services and power supply made available for 24 hours a day

The installed system of meters also records consumption of a group of pumpsets. This will enable monitoring change of status of capacities, additional unauthorised load additions etc.

Total Benefits - Power

kW % kW %

1 Load Delivered 4682 148.9 3459 110.2

2 HT losses 640 20.4

3 Transformation Losses 138 4.4

4 LT Line Losses 760 24.2

5 Load Consumed 3144 100.0 3140 100.0

DescriptionSl. No.

319 10.2

ModifiedExisting

Comparison of Losses

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Useful load (kW)

kW Loss

Existing Loss

Modified Loss

kW Savings

Financial Analysis - Gubbi Substation

Indicators Network upgradation withpumpset replacement (25%)

Investment (Rs. Crores) 39.32Energy Savings (MU/annum) 28.00Savings (Rs. Crores/annum) 8.40Simple Payback (Years) 4.70IRR % 20.00DSCR - 1.69

Benefits - CDM - Gubbi substationPresent Energy Consumption 90 MUsavings from line loss reduction 20 Musavings from effciency improvement of pumps 20 MuTotal 40 Mu

Emision reduction from line loss savingsCO2 27524 t/annumCO2 equivalent of Nox 39928 t/annumSub-total 67452 t/annumEmision reduction from the use of energy efficient pumpsCO2 27524 t/annumCO2 equivalent of Nox 39928 t/annumSub-total 39928 t/annumTotal 0.11 Mt/annumCost of CO2 (At $5 per Ton) 0.54 $ Million per annum)

Project completion - 2004 (Up to and including 2012)Assuming that there are no reforms in the generation side and that the energy consumption is constant as at 2001Emission reduction up to 2012 0.86 Million tons of CO2 equvialentUp to a period of 10 years 1.07 Million tons of CO2 equvialentUp to a period of 7 years 0.75 Million tons of CO2 equvialentUp to a period of 14 years 1.50 Million tons of CO2 equvialent

Benefits - CDM (Extrapolated - India)Present Energy Consumption - Agricultural (30%) 150000 MUsavings from line loss reduction 33000 Musavings from effciency improvement of pumps 33000 MuTotal 66000 Mu

Emision reduction from line loss savingsCO2 45414600 t/annumCO2 equivalent of Nox 65881200 t/annumSub-total 111295800 t/annumEmision reduction from the use of energy efficient pumpsCO2 45414600 t/annumCO2 equivalent of Nox 65881200 t/annumSub-total 65881200 t/annumTotal 177.18 Mt/annumCost of CO2 (At $5 per Ton) 885.89 $ Million per annum)

Project completion - 2004 (Up to and including 2012)Assuming that there are no reforms in the generation side and that the energy consumption is constant as at 2001Emission reduction up to 2012 1417.42 Million tons of CO2 equvialentUp to a period of 10 years 1771.77 Million tons of CO2 equvialentUp to a period of 7 years 1240.24 Million tons of CO2 equvialentUp to a period of 14 years 2480.48 Million tons of CO2 equvialent

Thank You