lookout issue01 12

7/29/2019 Lookout Issue01 12

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Issue: 01/2012

Dear Colleagues,

Hot work carried outonboard always hasinherent dangers. As such,

any such activity must becarried out in a completelycontrolled manner. Overthe years, the industryas well as the Company

has developed detailedguidelines, permit to worksystems, risk assessmentsand procedures to carry out

hot work in a safe manner.

Sadly, a failure to adhere

to these rules of safetyled to fatalities on one of our tankers. Hot work on

tankers, if at all necessary,needs even stricter controlsbecause of the higher risksinvolved. This incident hasshaken all of us and it is all

the more inconceivable thatit could have happeneddespite stringent measuresin place.

This issue of Lookout

focuses your attention onhot work safety. This is toremind us of the salientpoints that must be kept in

mind while carrying out hotwork.

Your safety lies in your andyour fellow ship mates’willingness to stringentlyfollow the safety rules

laid out by the Company.Remember, that each oneof you has the right andthe responsibility to stop

unsafe acts and conditions.

Wishing you safe voyages.

– Pradeep Chawla

“ In recent years a number of fires have occurred inships under-going repair, which on investigation,have been traced to welding operations. TheMinistry wish to draw attention to the danger of firewhen repair work of this nature is in progress… ”

The above words were penned down over 65 yearsago vide a Merchant Shipping Notice 268, in J an 1947……… but are as valid even today. Many accidents

have been attributed to hot work in the maritimeindustry over the years.

A Greek tanker, Spyros, exploded at JurongShipyard in 1978. It remains Singapore’s worstindustrial accident, killing 76. Sparks from thecutting torch used during repairs, caused a fire whichignited an explosive vapour mixture within bunker tankof the vessel.

17 Oct 2006 – A gasoline tanker ship exploded as awelding spark came into contact with fuel at a Mexicanport, killing at least eight people and injuring nineothers.

According to the research by the Bureau of LabourStatistics (BLS) up to 25 percent of fatalities inshipyards result from fires and explosions caused by

hot work.Sadly, as you all are aware, we have had a majorincident ourselves where precious lives have been loston one of our vessels recently.

Hot work is a hazardous task on any ship. On tankers,HOT WORK SHOULD ONLY BE CONSIDEREDIF THERE ARE NO PRACTICAL ALTERNATIVEMEANS OF REPAIR.

For HOTWORK to be carried out some GOLDENRULES must be followed strictly:

1. Risk Assessment

i A thorough risk assessment should be carried outprior to the Hot work and the process should ensure

that the protective and precautionary measurestaken will reduce the risk associated with a task to alevel considered to be AS LOW AS REASONABLYPRACTICABLE (ALARP).

i Forward the risk assessment to the office for anadditional review and guidance.

2. Planning and Preparation

i

Tank Cleaning must be thorough and the proceduresin the tank cleaning manual and industry guidelinesin TOM must be referred.

i The most critical aspect for tank cleaning is toprepare a vessel for maintenance and repairs.

i A routine Crude oil washing on board oil tankers isan effective process to keep the sludge in tanks atlow levels.

i The procedures laid out in the tank cleaning manualmust be followed to carry out an effective hot water wash for a thorough cleaning of the tanks.

i Always allow additional time for the cleaningprocess to allow for any unanticipated problemswith tank cleaning machine, heaters etc.

3. During Washing

i

The flammability diagram must be well understoodand strictly followed to ensure the atmosphere of the tank is never within the flammable range.

i After completion of washing process, take soundingof the tank at multiple points to determine theeffectiveness of the tank cleaning process.

i The gas freeing process must include additionaltime to ensure that the tanks are purged of all thetoxic and flammable gases.

i The designated area for the hot work must bethoroughly cleaned of all the flammable material.

The cleaning standard guidelines are providedin figure A. Manual removal of sludge should beconsidered to provide a safer work space for hotwork.

Cont... on page 4

Editorial

Hot Work Safety

Sleep Deprivation

The 80/20 Principle – Managing

Your Priorities to Avoid Stress

BMPs for Sewage Treatment

Plants

TANKER SAFETY

HOT WORK

SAFETY



SLEEP DEPRIVATION

Now what can I tell you that you don’t already know…… first if you

haven’t slept for more than 6 hours last night then don’t read this

article because then you have already lost the plot.

We need to sleep and sleep enough to function well. We all need and

love a good night’s sleep. Lack of good “quality” sleep can disrupt

your plans and push them to the next day. The importance of a restful

night really can’t be overemphasized.

You might be theRight person, at the Right place, at the Righttime but if you are not Rested, you will hurt someone ….. andthat someone might be YOU.

Sleep Deprivation and Weight Gain

We all want to be fit. Now if you are gunning for a fit body then you

definitely can’t compromise and neglect sleep. Sleep deprivation

causes the body to enter a ‘fight’ or emergency mode and it starts to

store fat. The exact opposite of what you want.

Sleep Deprivation and Hormonal Imbalances

Diabetes, hypertension and all these so called new age diseases are

called lifestyle diseases. Stress which causes sleepless nights is a

big underlying factor. A restorative and peaceful sleep is crucial for

absorption of minerals like calcium and iron both of which run low inthe case of hormonal imbalances. A regular bedtime hour prepares

the body to fall into deep sleep and brings a calming effect in mind

and body which leads to a sense of harmony for the hormones.

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Here is the deal. Lack of sleep will beyond doubt affect the quality

of work you do. Comparative tests conducted on people who had

slept for less than 5 hrs at night found that the delayed response time

was at par with those who were under the influence of alcohol. They

were also as likely to make mistakes when faced with challenging

situations.

Waking up fresh is not a dream …. it’s a reality and try and work

towards it.

What you and I can do for the blissful sleep …..

No drinks before sleeping

Drinks stop you from entering the REM or deep restorative sleep

required by your body. Even people who normally don’t snore find

that they snore after having had too much to drink at night. The result

…you wake up with a headache and hangover. Not worth it.

No exercises before you sleep

Avoid exercise after sunset as your metabolic rate increases with

exercise which can keep you from sleeping.

Avo id eating before bed

Give yourself at least 2 hours from when you eat to when you sleep.

This allows for digestion to happen (or at least start) well before you

go to sleep so your body can rest well during the night, rather thanchurning away your food.

Avo id caffeine

It keeps you awake and messes your final goal ….. a good night’s

sleep.

No TV just before sleep

Different kinds of music have different effects on us. Hence there are

different kinds of sounds you must ideally listen to at different times

of the day. Now the TV that we watch bombards us with glaring music

and visuals which leave the brain agitated and far from calm. Not a

good idea just before your slumber, leaving you restless.

Taking a hot shower or bath before bed helps you sleep better

because a hot shower can relax tense muscles.

Sleep in si lence

Now here’s where all aboard can help. So next time you bang that

door of the stairway on your way down or leave the door to the

laundry open while running the noisy dryer, be mindful one of your

friends just lost the opportunity to have a sound sleep. A sleep without

distractions is best for a clearer mind.

Well if all this seems difficult and you are still not convinced all I would

like to say is…“sleep over it”.

Happy hunting for some quality sleep.

Sources Contents: Inspired by helpguide.org (A trusted nonprofitresource), Tips to sleep better

Sources Picture: Feeling the effects of sleep deprivation. This is a filefrom the Wikimedia Commons. Commons is a freely licensed media filerepository

Aalok Sharma

QHSE Superintendent

Summary of deficiencies noted in the campaign conducted

from July to September 2011 – Mooring and Anchoring

MOORING

1. Six monthly record of the idling speed of the Windlass and

the Winch shaft not available on board. (MTM 7.1.4.3)

[Note - This is checked prior Panama Canal transit].

2. “Tug push points” are not marked on the main deck to assist

the mooring team (SBP 7.1.29)

3. PA talk back system is either in-operational or unavailable.

(SBP 7.1.1)

4. Winches are not marked with the date of renewal/end to end

changing of ropes/wires.

5. Snap-back zones have not been marked on deck for allfairleads and mooring bitts.

6. A spare set of brake linings of each type not kept on board as

spare. (MTM 7.1.1.4)

7. Mooring decks do not have sufficient anti skid surface.

8. S.W.L not marked on all mooring equipment/fitting.

(SBP 7.1.10)

ANCHORING

1. Anchor do not have 2 separate wire lashings with separate

turn buckles. (SBP 3.17.12.4)

2. No records are available on board for inspection of mooring

wires and ropes at yearly intervals.

Shipboard ConcentratedQHSE Campaign No. 3



20% Effort0%

t

Imagine that you’ve just stepped into a new role as head of department.Unsurprisingly, you’ve inherited a whole host of problems or defectsthat need your attention.

Ideally, you want to focus your attention on fixing the most importantproblems. But how do you decide which problems do you need to dealwith first? And are some problems caused by the same underlyingissue?

There is a simple technique for prioritizing problem-solving workso that the first piece of work you do resolves the greatest numberof problems. It’s based on the Pareto Principle (also known as the80/20 Rule) – the idea that 80% of problems may be caused by asfew as 20% of causes.

Step 1: Identify and list problems

Firstly, write a list of all of the problems that you need to resolve.(ex: defect types, cost types, activity types). Decide what categoriesyou will use and for what time period you want to analyze your data.

Step 2: Identify the root cause of each problem

For each problem, identify its fundamental cause. (Techniques suchas ‘Brainstorming’, the ‘5 Whys’, ‘Cause and Effect Analysis’, and‘Root Cause Analysis’ will help with this.)

Step 3: Number of occurrences (ex: number of defects, cost amount,number of units, number of hours and number of orders). Decidewhat measurement you will use for your analysis such as cost, time,percent, and quantity.

Step 4: Score Problems

Now you need to score each problem. The scoring method you usedepends on the sort of problem you’re trying to solve.

For example, if you’re trying to rectify defects, you might scoreproblems on the basis of how high risk they are or how importantthey are for the safe operation of the vessel.

Step 5: Group problems together by root cause

Next, group problems together by cause. For example, if three of your problems are caused by lack of spares, put these in the samegroup.

Step 6: Add up the scores for each group

You can now add up the scores for each cause group. The group withthe top score is your highest priority, and the group with the lowestscore is your lowest priority.

Step 7: Take Action

Now you need to deal with the causes of your problems, dealing withyour top-priority problem, or group of problems, first.

Keep in mind that low scoring problems may not even be worthbothering with - solving these problems may cost you more than thesolutions are worth.

THE 80/20 PRINCIPLE –

Managing your Priorities

to Avoid Stress

01st January 2012: The requirement to contract with an approved

OSRO was enforced in all Chinese ports from 1st J anuary 2012.

With effect from 1st March 2012, this regulation was implemented in

ALL Chinese ports. (Regulation Update 71).

26th February 2012: The International health regulation authorized

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update 70).

01st January 2012: Amendments have been introduced to the IMDG

code, which come into force from 1st J anuary 2012 and include

editorial and technical changes to the operational requirements

contained in the code. (Regulation Update 68).

01st January 2012: Amendments (especially for timber products)

have been made to the IMSBC code, which will be adopted on a

voluntary basis on 1st J anuary 2012 and become mandatory on

1st J anuary 2013. (Regulation Update 69).

28th March 2012: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has

established a No Discharge Zone (NDZ) for marine waters of the

state of California for sewage discharges California marine waters

extend out to three nautical miles from the baseline. (Regulation

US039B).

Summary of deficiencies noted in the campaign conducted from

October to December 2011 – MARPOL and PSC deficiencies

MARPOL

1. Vessel does not have two spare filter cartridges on board for

OWS or spare motor plus stator (for heliscrew pump) for Oily

Bilge separator pump. (EMS 3.4.9/EMS 3.4.11)

2. The Oil Content Meter is not calibrated in last scheduled dry-

dock. (EMS 3.4.6)

3. The bilge/sludge piping is not as per class approved piping

diagram and awaiting class approval for modifications. (EMS 3.5)

4. All wilden pump and flexible hoses in Engine Room, of more than

1 inch diameter are not labeled with an ID number and not kept

under lock and key. (EMS 3.11)

PORT STATE CONTROL

1. Flag State certificates for crew are expiring or original

endorsements not available. (MSM 11.2)

2. Previous CSR originals are not available on board. (MSM 10.3)

3. Fireman’s outfit/SCBA found defective. (FEMP FM13/14)

4. Load line marks are not clearly visible. (MTM Annex I – 6)5. The officers are not familiar with the procedures for taking data

back-up for VDR/SVDR (SBP 5.20.5)

Shipboard ConcentratedQHSE Campaign No. 4

DO YOU KNOWHazard categor ization

CLASS ‘A’ HAZARD (MAJOR): A condition or practice likely to

cause permanent disability, loss of life or body part and/or extensive

loss of structure, equipment or material.

CLASS ‘B’ HAZARD (SERIOUS): A condition or practice likely to

cause serious injury or illness, resulting in temporary disability or

property damage that is disruptive but not expensive.

CLASS ‘C’ HAZARD (MINOR): A condition or practice likely to

cause minor non-disabling injury or illness or non-disruptive property

damage.

Always tackle hazards in the order of priority, i.e., A first and then B

and finally C.



Anglo Eastern Group23/F, 248 Queen’s Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong

Tel: (852) 2863 6111 Fax: (852) 2861 2419

Email: [email protected]

Website: www.angloeasterngroup.com

Cont... from page 1

Most ships are fitted with sewage treatment plants of the biological

treatment type where sewage is broken down by bacteria. These STPs

generally function as explained below:

Sewage Bacterial Sludge (airlift method)

Sewage Discharge

Pump

Neutralizer Air from Blowers

Aeration

Chamber

Clarification

Chamber

Chlorination

Chamber

1. Bacterial decomposition of sewage occurs in the Aeration +

Clarification Chambers.

2. If the decomposition has been complete, clear liquid – free from any

floating solids - will pass onto the Chlorination Chamber.

3. In the Chlorination Chamber, chlorine tablets/sodium hypochlorite

solution is added to affect disinfection of this clear liquid.

4. In newer plants, a dechlorination liquid/neutralizer (eg., sodium

bisulphite solution) is dosed at the sewage discharge pump outlet toreduce chlorine content to acceptable levels.

The Best Management Practices (BMPs) associated with these plants

are as below:

1. The aeration blower should be run continuously. If not, then the

bacteria in the plant will die causing a loss in the plant’s treatment

ability. Also, this may result in choking of the nozzles for air discharge.

2. Chemicals should not be used for cleaning the toilets. This will also kill

the bacteria and result in a loss of the plant’s treatment ability. Please

check your chemical supplier’s catalogue for the product to be used

for this purpose. (Eg., BIOTAL MDS-2000 by Drew Ameroid)

3. Diverting grey water to the plant in excess of its hydraulic loading

capacity will also cause loss of the plant’s treatment ability.

4. Backflushing the plant will cause depletion of some bacteria and

should be carried out at a frequency specified in the Maker’s manual.

It should preferably be done after departure port so that by the timethe vessel reaches the next port, the bacteria has regenerated and

is working at its capacity. Backflushing at too less frequency than

specified may result in choking of the sludge return pipe and the flow

through the flexible pipe may not be visible.

5. The plant should always be kept in use and not put in/out of use

when vessel is reaching/departing from port. Reason being that

if the plant is put out of use, then the bacteria will die. It will then

take approx 7 days for the bacteria to regenerate.

6. In order to keep the bacteria working at optimum efficiency, specialized

bacteria strains (eg., MSD-PAK by Drew Ameroid) can be used.

Please check your chemical supplier’s catalogue for similar products

to be used for this purpose.

In all of the above conditions, an examination of the effluent from the

plant will reveal the colour to be black. Floating solids will be visible and

there will be foul odour from the effluent. If the vessel happens to be in

port with the above conditions, then the vessel may then be charged withdischarging untreated sewage into the port waters or with having a non-

functioning sewage treatment plant and be liable for a fine. Hence the

Maker’s instructions should be strictly complied with at all times.

Anant Thank appan

QHSE Superintendent

BMPs FOR SEWAGE

TREATMENT PLANTS

4. Hot work Permit Parameters must be Stric tlyFollowed

i The tool box meeting must include all the personnel who areinvolved in the hot work. Each person’s role must be clearlydefined and explained by the issuer of the permit.

i Hot work permit is not a Gas free certificate. It must not beassumed that the atmosphere will remain safe throughoutthe duration of the validity of the permit. The atmosphere mustbe checked at regular intervals and prior to start of work after ascheduled break, by a responsible officer. Apprentices must not berelied on taking the gas readings.

i The space where hot work is scheduled must have continuous

ventilationto ensure no buildup of gases take place during the hot

work process.

5. Trust your tools

i Ensure that the welding/cutting equipment is inspected by aqualified person prior to use.

i Ensure that the welding equipment is suitably grounded.

i Appropriate PPE is used including fire retardant garments, longcuffed gloves, safety shoes, eye and face protection shields andrespirators for the enclosed spaces.

i Gas instruments should be calibrated prior putting in use andoperators should be trained in their use.

6. Be ready for an emergency

i Ensure a continuous and effective fire watch is maintained during thehot work at the location of the work and the adjoining compartments.

i Ensure emergency response and evacuation procedure is well

understood by all personnel involved including shore contractors.

i Ensure the fire watch is maintained for a suitable duration afterthe completion of the hot work to ensure no hotspots go unnoticedafter completion.

Last but not the least at any time if the Master/issuer of the permitfinds that the conditions are no longer safe to carry out the job,he should suspend the hot work and cancel the permit.

A chain is as strong as its weakest link. The signing of a permit is nota mere formality but an undertaking that the person understands therisks involved and what precautions are necessary. The mere fact thatthe discussion and training is on for decades, is proof enough thateach new entrant in our industry must be made aware of the hazardsand the consequences of taking the hot work permit system lightly.

I WANT TO READ MORE1. H&S Manual Chapter 5 2. TOM Chapter 11

3. ISGOTT Chapter 9.4/11.0 4. COSWP Chapter 165. MSN 957 (M+F)

Height of

Work Area

Operator’s Side Opposite Side

Gas Cut Wel di ng Gouging Gas Cut Wel di ng Gougi ng

0 – 5 metres 1.5 m 5.0 m 4.0 m 7.5 m 2.0 m 2.0 m

5 – 10 metres 1.5 m 5.0 m 5.0 m 10.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m

10 – 15 metres 1.5 m 5.0 m 7.5 m 15.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m

>15 metres 1.5 m 5.0 m 10.0 m 20.0 m 2.0 m 2.0 m

Figure A: Radius of area to be cleaned in preparation for Hotwork in tanks

15

15 20 21

C

D

B

A

E

F

G

H

10

10

5

5

Oxygen - Percentage by volume

H y d r o c a r b o n g a s - P e r c e n t a g e b y v o l u m e

D i l ut i o n w i t h ai r

C r i t i c a l d i l u t i o n w i t h a i r

D i l u t i o n w i t h a i r

D i l u t i o

n w

i t h i n

e r t g a s

Flammablemixtures

0

Figure B: Flammability composition diagram – Hydrocarbon gas/air/inert gas mixture

UNDERSTAND IT AND FOLLOW IT STRICTLY

lookout issue01 12

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