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Anglo Technical Division A Division of Anglo Operations Limited Longwave Infrared Imaging of Drillcore Is it possible and practical? Is it possible and practical? Phil Harris 1 , Mike Buxton 1 , Paul Linton 2 , Hannu Holma 3 , Rainer Bars 3 , Harri Karjalainen 3 1 - Anglo American plc 2 - AngloGold Ashanti Ltd 3 – Specim, Spectral Imaging

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  • Anglo Technical Division

    A Division of Anglo Operations Limited

    Longwave Infrared Imaging of Drillcore

    Is it possible and practical?Is it possible and practical?

    Phil Harris1, Mike Buxton1, Paul Linton2, Hannu Holma3, Rainer Bars3, Harri Karjalainen3

    1 - Anglo American plc 2 - AngloGold Ashanti Ltd3 – Specim, Spectral Imaging

  • Presentation Outline

    • Why is the LWIR Important?– Increases detection of geologically important minerals

    • Requirements & Experimental Setup– Systems and methodologies

    Slide 2

    • Results and Data Comparisons– Explore the results and compare to NIR

    • Possible and Practical?– Assess the potential, possibilities and practicalities– LWIR challenges

  • Infrared Core Logging:Emergent Application

    Slide 3

    HyChips

    HyLogger

    A-HCI B-SpecCAM C-SisuROCK

  • Mineral Identification in the Infrared:Applications and Limitations

    Slide 4

  • Infrared Core Logging:Capabilities

    Slide 5

    SisuRock Core Imaging System Specifications

    Scanning SystemWavelength Range

    Spectral ResolutionSpatial ResolutionSpectral BandsImage Dimensions

    1000nm to 2500nm(Shortwave Infrared)6nm1.2mm x 1.2mm240 bands320 pixels

    Rates and VolumesScanning SpeedSpectral DataCalibration Data

    30-40 core boxes/hour~150Mb/box image (raw)~30Mb/image(raw)

  • LWIR Imaging:Requirements

    •Instrument Specifications

    •Operational Requirements•Rapid Measurement time (Reflectance measurements)•Minimal Core Handling (No special sample preparatio n)

    Slide 6

    Specifications* Geological Application

    (Mineral Composition)*

    Spectral Range

    Number of Bands

    Spectral Resolution (FWHM)

    Signal-to-Noise

    7.6-14µm

    30-50

    100-300nm

    400-1000

    *Modified from Shimoni et al., 2007

    •Geological Applications•Including Mineral Composition (Airborne Application s)

  • Imaging System:LWIR Instrumentation

    LWIR HS Camera

    Wavelength Range

    Bands (spectral pixels)

    Spatial Pixels

    Spectral Resolution

    7.8µm to 12.0µm

    22 (30)

    384

    400nm

    Slide 7

    Detector Type

    Spectral Sampling

    Instrument Temperature

    Instr. Temp. Control

    Camera Dimensions

    Camera Weight

    Microbolometer

    200nm (mean)

    300 K

    None

    55x130x125 (mm)

    2.5 kg

    After Holma et al., 2009

  • LWIR Instrument Specifications:Signal-to -Noise & Spectral Resolution

    Target Temperature (K) LWIR C SNR at 8µm

    296

    323

    473

    423

    473

    523

    573

    36

    62

    130

    230

    365

    540

    730

    0.2

    0.25

    0.3

    icro

    ns)

    LegendITRES (32 Bands)SEBASS (128 Bands)Specim (22 Bands)TIRLogger (176 Bands)

    Spectral Resolution 400nm

    Slide 8

    573 730

    After Holma et al., 2009, Kirkland et al., 2001, Cudahy et al., 2009

    6 8 10 12 14Wavelength (Microns)

    0

    0.05

    0.1

    0.15

    Ban

    d S

    pac

    ing

    (M

    ic

    Spectral Resolution 88nm

    170nm @ 14um42nm @ 7um

  • LWIR Instrument Specifications:Spatial Resolution

    VNIR Camera SPECIM400-1000nm @ 2.8nm50µm/pixelRGB: 650:550:450nm

    SWIR Camera SPECIM1000-2500nm @ 6.3nm

    Slide 9

    Visible-Infrared ImageVNIR

    50µm/pixel

    Leuconorite

    Shortwave Infrared ImageSWIR

    170µm/pixel

    Longwave Infrared ImageVNIR

    750µm/pixel

    40mm

    1000-2500nm @ 6.3nm170µm/pixelRGB: 2180:1700:1480nm

    LWIR Camera SPECIM7.8-12.0µm @ 0.2µm750µm/pixelRGB: 8.6:9.5:10.5µm

  • LWIR Imaging System:Experimental Setup

    Slide 10

  • LWIR Imaging:Data Results I

    Orthopyroxene

    Slide 11

    Pyroxene-Phyllosilicate Clinopyroxene

    Talc-Pyroxene

    Plagioclase

    Prehnite

    Pyroxene-Feldspar

    Orthopyroxene

    Plagioclase

    Leuconorite 40mm

  • LWIR Imaging:Data Results I

    OrthopyroxeneEnstatite Library Spectrum

    Slide 12

    Pyroxene-Phyllosilicate Clinopyroxene

    Talc-Pyroxene

    Plagioclase

    Prehnite

    Pyroxene-Feldspar

    Orthopyroxene

    Plagioclase

    Anorthite Library Spectrum

    Leuconorite 40mm

  • LWIR Imaging :Data Results II

    Slide 13

    Pyroxene-Phyllosilicate Clinopyroxene

    Sulphide Prehnite

    Pyroxene-Feldspar

    Orthopyroxene

    Plagioclase

    Plagioclase Pyroxenite 40mm

    Phlogopite?

  • LWIR Imaging :Data Results II

    LibraryEnstatite

    LibraryDiopside

    Slide 14

    Pyroxene-Phyllosilicate Clinopyroxene

    Sulphide Prehnite

    Pyroxene-Feldspar

    Orthopyroxene

    Plagioclase

    Plagioclase Pyroxenite 40mm

    Phlogopite?

    Orthopyroxene Clinopyroxene

    Plagioclase Phlogopite

    Enstatite

    LibraryAnorthite

    Diopside

    LibraryBiotite

  • LWIR Imaging:Data Results III

    Slide 15Skarn Assemblage 40mm

  • LWIR Imaging:Data Results IV

    Garnet

    Clinopyroxene

    Slide 16Skarn Assemblage 40mm

    Carbonate Clinopyroxene

    Garnet Phyllosilicate (Amphibole?)Sulphide

    Quartz

    Amphibole?

    Carbonate

  • LWIR Imaging:Data Results IV

    Garnet

    Clinopyroxene

    LibraryQuartz

    LibraryGarnet

    LibraryCalcite

    Slide 17Skarn Assemblage 40mm

    Carbonate Clinopyroxene

    Garnet Phyllosilicate (Amphibole?)Sulphide

    Quartz

    Amphibole?

    Carbonate

    LibraryDiopside

    LibraryAmphibole

  • LWIR Imaging:Data Results V

    Slide 18Quartz-Skarn Assemblage 40mm

  • LWIR Imaging:Data Results VI

    Quartz

    LibraryQuartz

    LibraryGarnet

    Slide 19Quartz-Skarn Assemblage 40mm

    Carbonate Clinopyroxene

    Garnet Phyllosilicate (Amphibole?)

    Unknown?

    Sulphide

    Quartz

    Garnet

    Clinopyroxene

    Amphibole

    LibraryDiopside

    LibraryAmphibole

  • Potential Options:Higher Resolution Systems

    Wavelength LWIR HS SNR@300K

    8µm

    10µm

    12µm

    450

    580

    215

    LWIR Cameras LWIR C LWIR HS

    Wavelength Range

    Bands (spectral pixels)

    Spatial Pixels

    Spectral Resolution

    7.8µm to 12.0µm

    22 (30)

    384

    400nm

    8.0µm to 12.0µm

    84

    384

    100nm

    Slide 20

    Detector Type

    Spectral Sampling

    Instrument Temperature

    Instr. Temp. Control

    Camera Dimensions

    Camera Weight

    Microbolometer

    200nm (mean)

    300 K

    None

    55x130x125 (mm)

    2.5 kg

    MCT

    48nm

    300 K

    Stabilized

    220x200x220 (mm)

    8.5 kg

    Wavelength TIRLogger SNR

    CSIRO*

    7µm

    8-11µm

    12µm

    14µm

    100

    400-500

    200

    100

    After Holma et al., 2009 and Cudahy et al., 2009*.

  • LWIR Drillcore Imaging:Is it Possible and Practical?

    • Is it Possible?– Demonstrates potential for certain applications-req uires

    validation– Higher resolution system required for broader range of

    applications

    • Is it Stand-alone or Complimentary?– Comparison of data ranges suggests that it complime nts

    Slide 21

    – Comparison of data ranges suggests that it complime nts other infrared data

    – It supplements where other infrared data has not de tected certain minerals

    • Is it Practical?– Illumination source stability/calibration– Dealing with reflectance data and issues of specula r

    reflectance– Is the data worth the financial investment?


UNITED STATES DEPARTMEN!C OF TEE - dggs.alaska.govdggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/usgs/of/text/of71-0071.pdf · Prehnite and pumpellyite are widespread in thia unit. I Prehnite in veidets,

Solar Cell Materials by Design: Hybrid Pyroxene …...Solar Cell Materials by Design: Hybrid Pyroxene Corner-Sharing VO 4 Tetrahedral Chains Fedwa El-Mellouhi,*[a] Akinlolu Akande,*[b]

Pyroxene thermometryl - University of Arizona

2/2020 Volume 2020, Number 2...The pyroxene group are a related group of minerals sharing the same structure - parallel chains of silica tetrahedra. Common pyroxene group minerals

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Spectrolite - Kivi · leucogabbronorite, leuconorite, leucogabbro, and anorthosite in different proportions (Arponen et al. 2009). The Mättö inclusion is almost entirely leucogabbronorite

Vrije Universiteit Brussel The tale of pyroxene in mesosiderite … · abundance, pyroxene, anorthitic plagioclase (An91), chromite, apatite, and minor amount of free silica. No clastic

Archean inheritances in the pyroxene amphibole-bearing ... · Geomaterials Archean inheritances in the pyroxene–amphibole-bearing gneiss of the Méiganga area (Central North Cameroon):

Pyroxene group public domain. Pyroxene is found in extrusive igneous rocks. dacite USGS basalt USGS andesite

Guide Map for Field Excursion in Central Lapland: Special ...komati.mbnet.fi/GuideMap.pdf · 38. Pyroxene peridotitic komatiite: olivine porphyroblasts in a lapilli tuff. 32. Pyroxene

Pyroxene and olivine chemistry as an indicator of melt ... · Pyroxene and olivine chemistry as an indi-cator of melt evolution. A contribution to the understanding of Somma-Vesuvius

Index [assets.cambridge.org] · associated leuconorite, 402 associated quartz mangerite, 402 coarse grain size, 401, 402 composition of plagioclase, 402 crystal size distribution

Pyroxene exsolution in granulites from Fyfe Hills, Enderby ...American Mineralogist, Volume 71, pages 946-954, 1986 Pyroxene exsolution in granulites from Fyfe Hills, Enderby Lando

Valence of titanium and vanadium in pyroxene in refractory ...grossman/SSG07.pdf · Valence of titanium and vanadium in pyroxene in refractory inclusion interiors and rims S.B. Simon

30. GLASSY INCLUSIONS IN PLAGIOCLASE AND PYROXENE ... · 30. GLASSY INCLUSIONS IN PLAGIOCLASE AND PYROXENE PHENOCRYSTS IN THE CHILLED MARGIN OF A PILLOW LAVA FROM HOLE 417D, DEEP

Ultramafic Rock Bodies Pyroxene Classification · Mineralogy • Plagioclase • An85 to An50 • Pyroxene • Ortho (Hypersthene) • Clino (Augite to Pigeonite) • Olivine •

High Strength Pyroxene-Based Glass- Ceramic Foams in the ...ijmse.iust.ac.ir/article-1-1823-en.pdf · Keywords: Glass-Ceramic, Foam, Pyroxene. on various reports, multiple ion valences

Depósitos Minerais Magmáticos de Ni-Cu-EGP, Cr, Fe- Ti-V ...rigeo.cprm.gov.br/jspui/bitstream/doc/1091/1/evento_reinaldo_brito.p… · Leuconorite ((Brito 2004) Leuconorite (Brito

Ultramafic Rock Bodies Best, Chapter 5. Pyroxene Classification

Pyroxene Nomen

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Pyroxene mineralogies of near-Earth vestoidstburbine/burbine.maps.2009.pdf · Pyroxene mineralogies of near-Earth vestoids 1333 We have observed seven pyroxene-dominated NEAs (Table

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A Pyroxene-Enriched Shock Melt Dike In The Buck Mountains 005 (L6) Chondrite.meteorites.pdx.edu/pubs/1186-poster.pdf · 2016. 6. 23. · A Pyroxene-Enriched Shock Melt Dike In The

Alteration products of olivine and pyroxene in basalt … ·  · 2009-11-03Alteration products of olivine and pyroxene in basalt lavas ... It is not always possible to identify all

Pyroxene Norway between Ma and reinterpretation M · 2016. 2. 27. · Pyroxene (re-)equilibration in the Precambrian terrain of SW Norway between 1030--990 Ma and reinterpretation

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The A.EI of reaction and recalibration of garnet-pyroxene ...The A.EI of reaction and recalibration of garnet-pyroxene-plagioclase-quartz geobarometers in the CMAS system by solution

YAMAT0-8451: A NEWLY IDENTIFIED PYROXENE-BEARING Keizo … · 2017. 11. 28. · Pyroxene: Pyroxene is not a major phase in Yamato-8451. It has three different types of occurrences,

Pyroxene thermometryl - Mineralogical Society of AmericaAmerican Mineralogist, Volume 68, pages 477493, 1983 Pyroxene thermometryl DoNaro H. LrNosr-py Department of Earth and Space

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15205 - hq.nasa.gov · follow a common trend (figures 5 and 6). Clasts of pyroxene-phyric mare basalt are also present (figure 7). Mineralogy Pyroxene: Takeda et al. (1980) and Dymek