london green architecture

1

Green Architecture// Caralina JulianProf. Bruce HaglundSpring 2011

LONDON

14 2 12 17 30 4

ArchitectsFerry

City

Plane

Train

Car

Iconic

Entertainment

Sustainable

Charette

Seattle

Reno

Fallon

Hopkins

Atomium

Central Station

Red Light District

Cathedral

Pompidou

Louve

Ei�el Tower

Cube HousesLondon Eye

Soane Museum

O2

LabanSt. Paul’s

Catherine’s College

Shakespeare’sGlobe Theatre

NottinghamUniversity

JubileeCampus

Kew Gardens

GuinnessStorehouse

Tate Modern

Olympic Park

SerpentineCharette Presentation

Daylighting Presentation

SerpentinePavilion

Anne Thorne

Passivhaus

CAT

Eco-House

Restore Bld Strawbale

Chiswich Park

RES

BedZED

Eco-Homes

Sainsbury’sMillenniumVillage

Workshop

Workshop

WorkshopAlison Kwok

Rogers

Foster

Bill Bordass

Edward Cullinan

Punting the River

Beach

Skits

Thames River Tour

ArchaeologicalThames Dig

Istanbul CelebrationDinner

Arup

Arup ForesightCharette

NBBJ

AHMM

GrimshawAllies Morrison

Dublin

Brussels

Antwerp

P

P

P

P

P

P

T

Paris

London

Wales

London

Oxford

Holyhead

Dublin

Seattle

Reno

Home!

T

T T

T

T

TNottingham

T

London

T

T

London

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T

T

F

F

T

T

T

T

Rotterdam

T

Amsterdam

T

Cologne

T

P

P

C

C

C

June July August

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314 2 12 17 30 4

ArchitectsFerry

City

Plane

Train

Car

Iconic

Entertainment

Sustainable

Charette

Seattle

Reno

Fallon

Hopkins

Atomium

Central Station

Red Light District

Cathedral

Pompidou

Louve

Ei�el Tower


Soane Museum

O2

LabanSt. Paul’s




JubileeCampus

Kew Gardens

GuinnessStorehouse

Tate Modern

Olympic Park



SerpentinePavilion

Anne Thorne

Passivhaus

CAT

Eco-House


Chiswich Park

RES

BedZED

Eco-Homes


Workshop

Workshop

WorkshopAlison Kwok

Rogers

Foster

Bill Bordass

Edward Cullinan

Punting the River

Beach

Skits

Thames River Tour



Arup


NBBJ

AHMM


Dublin

Brussels

Antwerp

P

P

P

P

P

P

T

Paris

London

Wales

London

Oxford

Holyhead

Dublin

Seattle

Reno

Home!

T

T T

T

T

TNottingham

T

London

T

T

London

T

T

T

F

F

T

T

T

T

Rotterdam

T

Amsterdam

T

Cologne

T

P

P

C

C

C

June July August

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 4 6 8 10 18 20 22 24 26 28 31 2

14 2 12 17 30 4

ArchitectsFerry

City

Plane

Train

Car

Iconic

Entertainment

Sustainable

Charette

Seattle

Reno

Fallon

Hopkins

Atomium

Central Station

Red Light District

Cathedral

Pompidou

Louve

Ei�el Tower


Soane Museum

O2

LabanSt. Paul’s




JubileeCampus

Kew Gardens

GuinnessStorehouse

Tate Modern

Olympic Park



SerpentinePavilion

Anne Thorne

Passivhaus

CAT

Eco-House


Chiswich Park

RES

BedZED

Eco-Homes


Workshop

Workshop

WorkshopAlison Kwok

Rogers

Foster

Bill Bordass

Edward Cullinan

Punting the River

Beach

Skits

Thames River Tour



Arup


NBBJ

AHMM


Dublin

Brussels

Antwerp

P

P

P

P

P

P

T

Paris

London

Wales

London

Oxford

Holyhead

Dublin

Seattle

Reno

Home!

T

T T

T

T

TNottingham

T

London

T

T

London

T

T

T

F

F

T

T

T

T

Rotterdam

T

Amsterdam

T

Cologne

T

P

P

C

C

C

June July August

16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 4 6 8 10 18 20 22 24 26 28 31 2

14 2 12 17 30 4

ArchitectsFerry

City

Plane

Train

Car

Iconic

Entertainment

Sustainable

Charette

Seattle

Reno

Fallon

Hopkins

Atomium

Central Station

Red Light District

Cathedral

Pompidou

Louve

Ei�el Tower


Soane Museum

O2

LabanSt. Paul’s




JubileeCampus

Kew Gardens

GuinnessStorehouse

Tate Modern

Olympic Park



SerpentinePavilion

Anne Thorne

Passivhaus

CAT

Eco-House


Chiswich Park

RES

BedZED

Eco-Homes


Workshop

Workshop

WorkshopAlison Kwok

Rogers

Foster

Bill Bordass

Edward Cullinan

Punting the River

Beach

Skits

Thames River Tour



Arup


NBBJ

AHMM


Dublin

Brussels

Antwerp

P

P

P

P

P

P

T

Paris

London

Wales

London

Oxford

Holyhead

Dublin

Seattle

Reno

Home!

T

T T

T

T

TNottingham

T

London

T

T

London

T

T

T

F

F

T

T

T

T

Rotterdam

T

Amsterdam

T

Cologne

T

P

P

C

C

C

June July August

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Calendar//index

3

Passivhaus

RIBA

2030

POE

Sterling Prize

Wind Farm

Heat Recovery

Cross Ventilation

High Tech

Green Space

Public Transit

Downtown

Legacy

Living Machine

Solar Panels

Daylight

Biomass

Sun Space

Solar Gain

Orientation

Shading

Hydropower

Recycled Steel

Sheeps Wool

Hot-water

Straw Bale

Wood

History

Transportation

Wind Cowl

Catchment

CultureEnergyMaterialSolarWindWaterRatingEducationEurope Trip

5

I created a “map of sustainability,” inspired from the London tube maps, to organize and focus my journal. I broke down “green subjects” into main categories that became the tube lines. Then specific subjects inside those lines became the tube stops. I attempted to highlight one building or firm per stop, preferably the one that exceeded at this topic. Because some buildings did more than others, they were repeated to finish the map. To avoid excessive repetition, projects are meant to be cross referenced with other systems they employed.

Map of Sustanability//index

Passivhaus

RIBA

2030

POE

Sterling Prize

Wind Farm

Heat Recovery

Cross Ventilation

High Tech

Green Space

Public Transit

Downtown

Legacy

Living Machine

Solar Panels

Daylight

Biomass

Sun Space

Solar Gain

Orientation

Shading

Hydropower

Recycled Steel

Sheeps Wool

Hot-water

Straw Bale

Wood

History

Transportation

Wind Cowl

Catchment


5

Passivhaus

RIBA

2030

POE

Sterling Prize

Wind Farm

Heat Recovery

Cross Ventilation

High Tech

Green Space

Public Transit

Downtown

Legacy

Living Machine

Solar Panels

Daylight

Biomass

Sun Space

Solar Gain

Orientation

Shading

Hydropower

Recycled Steel

Sheeps Wool

Hot-water

Straw Bale

Wood

History

Transportation

Wind Cowl

Catchment


Passivhaus

RIBA

2030

POE

Sterling Prize

Wind Farm

Heat Recovery

Cross Ventilation

High Tech

Green Space

Public Transit

Downtown

Legacy

Living Machine

Solar Panels

Daylight

Biomass

Sun Space

Solar Gain

Orientation

Shading

Hydropower

Recycled Steel

Sheeps Wool

Hot-water

Straw Bale

Wood

History

Transportation

Wind Cowl

Catchment


Passivhaus

RIBA

2030

POE

Sterling Prize

Wind Farm

Heat Recovery

Cross Ventilation

High Tech

Green Space

Public Transit

Downtown

Legacy

Living Machine

Solar Panels

Daylight

Biomass

Sun Space

Solar Gain

Orientation

Shading

Hydropower

Recycled Steel

Sheeps Wool

Hot-water

Straw Bale

Wood

History

Transportation

Wind Cowl

Catchment


Passivhaus

RIBA

2030

POE

Sterling Prize

Wind Farm

Heat Recovery

Cross Ventilation

High Tech

Green Space

Public Transit

Downtown

Legacy

Living Machine

Solar Panels

Daylight

Biomass

Sun Space

Solar Gain

Orientation

Shading

Hydropower

Recycled Steel

Sheeps Wool

Hot-water

Straw Bale

Wood

History

Transportation

Wind Cowl

Catchment


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Cultureenergymaterialwatersolarwindratingeducationeurope trip

7

Culture Downtown London

Public transport/Green Spaces/High-Tech/Downtown/History/LEgacy

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Public Transport// TUBECentral statoion , Antwerp

London has a very extensive rapid transit system that provides residences and tourists an energy efficient way to get around the city. The tube has 11 lines that run to 270 stations in and around London. Currently, extensive upgrades are underway to make some stations more accessible before the rush of visitors for the Olympics. A record number of passengers, over 1.1 billion, have traveled on the tube over the last year and many more are expected during the Olympics. £1.70 base price for a ride may not seem like a lot at first, but after a week of traveling around it can easily come out to over £60. Half of the undergrounds upgrades and upkeep are paid for by this fare while the other half is covered by the Department of Transportation. There is a noticeable difference in the amount people in the underground between the week and weekends causing delays and massive lines, something not to look forward to in 2012. Another aspect that takes time to figures out is the varying travel times. Planning ahead and knowing when rush house occurs is beneficial when attempting to make it somewhere on time.

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Green Spaces// Parks KEw Gardens

London has an abundance of parks for everyone to access during the day. These parks provide space for concerts, festivals, relaxation and the occasional horse ride. Hyde Park is one of the most popular green attractions in London with over 1.5 miles of land at a mile wide. Hyde Park is also home to the Serpentine pavilion and Serpentine Lake. The park will be used for the upcoming Olympics triathlon event. Speaker’s Corner in the north east corner of Hyde Park is a nice place to lounge and listen to free musical entertainment. Regents Park provides a lot open fields where ample athletic games take place from football to cricket. All of the parks are a nice break from the rush of city life.

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serpentine gallery//Peter zumthorHyde park

It has become a tradition inside Hyde Park for a chosen architect to design a pavilion located next to the Serpentine Gallery. The pavilion must be designed and engineered within a few months before construction starts. The pavilion is then used by the public and private events throughout the summer before being removed and purchased. This year’s serpentine Pavilion was designed by Peter Zumthor and engineered by ARUP. It was a challenge for an architect known for taking years to design a building, to get the building up in time. The architecture and engineer team was able to work through challenges to complete the successful pavilion. This years was noticeably more simple than previous pavilions, with the focus being on the interior garden and not on the structure itself. Perhaps a little crowded, the pavilion was a nice place to sit on rainy summer days.

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15

High-Tech// London Eye Structure

London is really taking advantage of new technologies and advanced designs. The London Eye is a one of a kind attraction that people all over the world come to experience. The structure only supported on one side, cantilevers over the Thames River while transporting 32 capsules rotating at 0.6 mph. The Eye, or Millennium Wheel, was created to celebrate the coming of the millennium. Originally intended to be a temporary structure, it was so popular that the London Government decided it would stay for good. It is a little nerve wracking knowing the structure was only meant to be temporary when sitting over 400 feet in the air. The ride provides spectacular views of London, allowing a more overall look at the city.

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Downtown// Grimshaw Downtown London

Downtown is home to an assortment of unique buildings designed by some of the top international architects. The shard is the newest skyscrapers to join London’s skyline other easily recognizable buildings including the “glass gonad,” “gherkin,” “razor.”. This Renzo Piano designed building will reach 1,016ft high when completed becoming Europe’s tallest building. The building will be home to offices, a five star hotel, and some very expensive apartments. At the base of the building, Grimshaw is working on the new London Bridge station that will also complete the Thameslink program for the National Rail. News about the project seems pretty hush-hush right now with controversies over buildings set to be demolished when the station is built. Grimshaw is an international firm based in London. Their specialties include transportation and long span structures so they seem fit for this role. Their office had a nice atmosphere though they seemed unprepared for our visit.

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History//St. Paul'sBell Tower

St. Paul’s Cathedral was designed by Sir Christopher Wren, known for large dome. The building standing today is actual the fifth cathedral on the site with the last one being destroyed by the Great Fire of London. During World War II, the cathedral was bombed multiple times but luckily never severely damaged. Unlike other cathedrals, St. Paul’s has only three stained glass windows. Plain glass was chosen to allow for better daylighting inside the church. The inside is really a magical space to experience, now even more so after cleaning the stone for the 300 year celebration. St. Paul’s primary use is for religious purposes and while wondering around prayer or singing is occurring making the space even more magical.

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Legacy//olympic ParkVelodrome

public transit//water catchment//recycled steel//wood//green space//daylight//natural ventilation//sterling prize

The London 2012 Olympics is focused on creating a LEGACY. The site of the Olympic Park is taking place outside of London city center, located in a warehouse district in East London. Construction of the low density area required multiple companies to relocate and over 200 buildings to be destructed, unknown if the material was reused. Additionally, 1.2 million kilos of soil was excavated and cleaned on site then reused. The Olympic organization wanted a focus on sustainability throughout the construction and use of the park. It is expected that 100% of visitors will arrive to the park by public transit. A free tube pass is incorporated with every ticket to the games. With an expected 125,000 people per day, the transit systems will be running to capacity. The venues themselves each have their little piece of sustainability focused design. The Olympic stadium is made from 10,000 tons of steel recycled from gas pipes. The velodrome was designed to naturally ventilate and harvest rainwater; the suitably harvested wood however came from Russia. The 2012 Olympics claim to be the most sustainable yet however it is unclear how much use the site surrounding area will get after the Olympics move out next summer.

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EnergyRES Wind Turbine

Biomass/solar panels/wind farm/hydropower23

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Biomass//ReSRES Building

solar panels//wind farm//solar orientation//solar gain//daylight//hot water//heat recovery

Renewable Energy Systems provides a good case study on biomass. The center planted a crop of grass type vegetation to harvest and burn in their boiler. However, the effect of burning the vegetation produces a silicon substance that clogs their boiler. This required them to ship the product off site to be used and to ship wood chips to the site. The vegetation will grow for another 12 years before they are able to plant another type of fuel. Over five thousand miles and the biomass is no longer profitable for effective. This goes to show how important it is to do research on all aspects of the system before implementing them.

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27

Solar Panels//CATCAT Solar Panel Array

hydropower//biomass//cross ventilation// water catchment//hot water//sterling prize//2030//daylighting//straw bale//wood

The center for alternative technologies has a great learning display incorporated with solar panels. A large panel powers a water pump that fills up a bucket and overflows back into the cycle. By holding up paper clouds provided, the participant can see the immediate effect on energy production. This stresses the importance of placing solar panels away from possible shading to maximize energy production. The center also holds a school for students to learn and achieve a license to install and maintain solar panels.

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Wind Farm//ResRES Wind Turbine

solar panels//biomass//solar orientation//solar gain//daylight// hot water//heat recovery

Renewable Energy Systems is a company that develops renewable energy projects and seeks to inform the community about the advantages of these types of projects. Their specialty is in large scale wind farms but they also employ solar, biofuel, and tidal power. The largest wind development has 421 turbines. Many factors come into play when planning for a wind farm, a maid feature being lots of wind. A site needs to be unobstructed without buildings close by and be accessible to erect the turbines. The shadow of a turbine cannot at any time intersect with a road or home because the flicker from the moving blades can cause epilepsy. The maximum energy production occurs with six blades, but because of the energy to make and transport them; only three blades are commonly used.

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Hydropower//CATWater powered railway

solar power//biomass//cross ventilation// water catchment//hot water//sterling prize//2030//daylighting//straw bale//wood

The Center for Alternative Technologies is located on a hillside in Wales. Because of its location, water and energy is a limited recourse. A reservoir located uphill from the complex provides CAT with water and incorporates turbines at multiple points throughout the stream to produce energy. The center created a hydro powered railway. The railway has two carriages linked to a steel cable so when one goes down the other rises up the hill. Water is pumped into the top carriage and unloaded from the bottom carriage until it is heavy enough to counter balance the system. This is an effective and efficient way to transport people up the hill.

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MaterialJubilee Campus

Sheeps Wool/ Recycled steel/wood/straw bale33

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Sheeps Wool/ Passive houseCAT Demonstration

shading//daylight//cross ventilation//heat recovery//hot water//passivhaus//2030//POE

The passive house by Anne Thorne was retrofitted to reduce energy consumption and carbon emission of the home. The house was developed in the 1970’s and is a typical London terrace house. This project was also done for education purposes showing how to refurbish homes across London as a “retrofit for the future.” The standards for the home were derived from the Passivhaus standard. The major area of improvement is focused on insulation and reducing thermal bridging. In London, typical homes will have heating on six months out of the year. Increasing insulation helps keep the home at a comfortable temperature and reduces heat loss. This home is insulated on the one side from the house connected to it, but the front, back and opposite side loses a great amount of heat. A very large amount of insulation was installed in the back and side creating thicker walls and a better barrier from the outside. The front of the home however is more complicated because of regulations that don’t allow changes to the façade. They were able to insulate it from the inside but not completely eliminate thermal bridging. Sheep’s wool is favorite insulation material for them because it is natural, not harmful, and absorbs humidity from the timber.

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Recycled Steel//HopkinsHopkins Office

wood//cross ventilation//shading//water catchment

From its starting days, Hopkins has specialized in light weight steel construction. They designed a prototype building that could be erected in a few days with a few men, then at some point deconstructed and moved. The structure is made up of a cantilever steel bean connected to steel trusses. The columns work together with the duct system, as the columns go up they decrease size because load is smaller and ducts get larger. The system also incorporates a 3’ x 9’ panel that fits into the structure in a grid like pattern. For thermal purposes the panel is insulated inside and outside and used for the ceiling and the walls. Hopkins office is made up of three buildings, two of which are the examples of the prototype. To prove that their design worked, Hopkins bough ac already built prototype, unconstructed it, and rebuilt it on their office site.

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southampton.ac.uk

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WOOD//NbbjLife science bld

recycled steel//cross ventilation//

The NBBJ firm presented a project recently completed, The University of Southampton Life Sciences Building. This building is primarily covered in red cedar that was harvested sustainably. The façade warms up the building and provides a welcoming entrance. The wood also serves as a rain screen for the building. Because this was the only project talked about, many details of the design and construction were covered. For example, it was explained how a full scale model was made to detail and practice connections from the rain screen, windows, and structure. This helped the construction of the project go much quicker and without problems.

southampton.ac.uk39

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Straw bale//straw bale bldrestore building

wood//cross ventilation//solar gain//water catchment

The straw bale building in Oxford was built ten years ago for a disability activities program. The program wanted to build with the most economical building material they could get. They decided on straw bales because of the insulation capacity and availability. The straw bale is the structural material as well as very good insulation. The walls were lifted off the ground with recycled tires to protect it from water damage. A lime based render was used to allow the humidity to escape the building. Even though the sides are well insulated, only a thin sheet of aluminum was used to insulate the top of the building. This is letting too much warm air through the roof and now has to be redesigned with better insulation to remain comfortable.

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WaterJubilee Campus

Transportation/Living Machine/hot water/catchment

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transportation//wasteThames river

The River Thames runs though London and is a place for recreation and transportation. Many attractions are located along the Thames including the Tate Modern, Shakespeare’s Global Theater, and the London Eye. The riverside is a place for entertainment and gathering on warm summer days. The river is also used for London’s waste transportation. The garbage is transported down river to the handling. There it is burned before the ashes are shipped to Africa to make bricks. The central city’s location to the river greatly increases its possibility to flood, because of this new flood control measures were taken and the Thames Barrier was constructed in the 1970’s. This consists of large barrier gates that can be raised if there is a threat of flooding. This prevents the city from flooding but does not take into account the effects on people up river.

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/bioregional/

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Living Machine//bedzedFloodway

wind cowl//cross ventilation//heat recovery//orientation//shading//solar panels//solar gain//daylight//hot water// catchment//wood

BedZED had originally planned to filter and reuse gray and black water through a living machine system. The living machine is designed to treat wastewater on site through a series of bacteria filled tanks that consume the nutrients in the water. If designed and operated correctly the water comes out as potable and is normally used for irrigating or non-potable uses. BedZED’s living machine was not operated appropriately and the plants died rendering the system unsuccessful. The community has not reinstated the living machine, but instead is using a membrane bioreactor to recycle the water to toilets and gray water. The rainwater collection is let reenter the groundwater through the grassy area on the complex.


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Hot waterJubilee eco hme

While attending CAT, Judith Thompson spoke about domestic hot water and the problems often experienced. She brought up some important design issues to think about including appliances, personal behavior, and seasonal difference. Most CO2 emissions that come from the circulation of water is due to homes, about 82%. It is important to size pipes and place the boiler appropriately to reduce wasted energy in heating water. The dead leg is considered cold water that comes out before hot water due to sitting in pipes and cooling down. A lot of this water is wasted by people, instead of using it to flush the toilet or fill up the dog’s water bowl. Also purchasing of energy efficient appliances greatly reduces water usage and energy.

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Catchment//sainsbury'sgreenwich store

public transportation//daylighting//heat recovery//green space

The Sainsbury store in Greenwich was the first grocery store if its kind and started the eco-trend for Sainsbury. The store was designed with the intention of using 50% less energy than similar stores. The grocery store is naturally daylit, uses heat recovery from waste heat, and energy efficient refrigerators. The store also collects rainwater to irrigate the landscape and uses non-potable water for toilet flushing. The back of the store is covered in vegetation, shielding its view from the millennium park and now will be used to house bees. The natural lighting creates a very nice space to shop.

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SolarChiswich Park

Orientation/Solar gain/daylight/shading53

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Orientation//Richard Rogersnep bANKSIDE

shading//high-tech

Richard Rogers is a famous architecture firm. This being said, I would hope they would realize the importance of sustainable design and implement it in all of their buildings and designs. On their website, they state the green design more as a challenge pushed on to the architects rather than an opportunity to improve the built environment. However, this importance apparent to them is not apparent in their designs. The firm has a new high end residential development currently being built in the downtown area. The NEP Bankside, as the project is known, has nothing mentioned in the design brief about the efforts to environmentally friendly design. The only evidence they provide is a diagram showing the suns relationship to the buildings. The structure is beautiful but this goes to show that beauty is not always a good design.

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http://mattlaver.com/

57

Solar Gain//edward cullinanBotanical garden

Orientation/shading//wood//sun space//Cross ventilation

Edward Cullinan has been using environmental design strategies in their holistic approach since the 1960s. Now days they use an abundance of strategies to reduce the impact of their buildings on the environment. Their design philosophy is “long-life, loose-fit, low energy buildings” focusing on flexibility, longevity and sustainability. They designed the Greenwich Millennium School and Health Center is located in Millennium Village. The buildings provide a new outlook on school design, capturing daylight and heating from the sun when needed. The firm was very welcoming and presented a number of projects they worked on, so much so it was hard to remember any one project. Overall though the firm made for an enjoyable visit.

http://mattlaver.com/57

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Daylight//Laban dANCE sTUDIO

Orientation/Solar gain/daylight/shading

The Laban dance studio was designed to provide natural light to the dancers and faculty members that used the school. Most of the walls are made of polycarbonate panels. These panels are translucent letting light in without the ability to see through them. This set the focus on the dance and not the outside environment. These pales also reflect heat from the sun reducing the buildings heating loads. These panels however are not operable, and restrict natural ventilation and any desired connection to the outside world.

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61

Shading//Chiswich parksHADE SCREEN

daylight//solar panels//water catchment

If you enjoy work you do better, if you do better work you have a better business.” This is a motto for Chiswick Park where they believe in creating an environment that allows people to enjoy their work. Part of that enjoyment comes from fun involving activities, and reducing the time everyday chores take. Another part of that enjoyment comes from the building they are working in. The business park will have twelve buildings when complete in the coming years. All builds were designed to be very simple with elements enhancing the outside. The floor plan is a very open with large, floor to ceiling windows providing views to the outside. To prevent from direct sun hitting the building, an external louver system was attached to the exterior. The louvers adjust based on the sun’s intensity. Additionally, vertical blinds reduce glare on the inside. The floors are very nicely daylit while empty, but typical office furniture will block light from getting deep into the space. Also the lighting bays do not allow for dimming when natural light is more than efficient.

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windJubilee Campus

Cross Ventilation/wind cowl/Heat Recovery63

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cross ventilation/Eco-houseroof Solar panels

Solar gain//daylight//solar panels//sheeps wool//hot water//2030

Sue Roaf designed her own eco-house in 1995 located in Oxford. The home The home was designed to maximize energy efficiency and equipped the first photovoltaic installed roof in England. The home has yet to pay off its PV panels but only produces a fraction of CO2 compared to average UK homes. Passive ventilation is necessity when it comes to eco-homes. Harnessing the wind to circulate air is a major design feature. The home has adequately sized windows high in the space to allow for air to pass through the home. The size and placement of windows is important and making sure to have apertures on the windward side of the home permits cross ventilation.

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Wind Cowl//BedzedbeDZED COMPLEX

Living machine//cross ventilation//heat recovery//orientation//shading/solar panels//solar gain//daylight//hot water// catchment//wood

The BedZED project, designed by ZED Factory, was designed to be a mix-use sustainable community that would thrive while only using their 1.8 hectares of the earths recourses. The development designed for the maximum comfort provided by passive design strategies. A large part of this is capturing natural ventilation to cool and provide fresh air. All of the buildings feature multiple colorful wind cowls that provide that ventilation. The cowls capture the fresh air and pull it down into the building with releasing the stale warm air. To minimize heat loss, a heat recovery system is used within the wind cowl. This system uses no energy and is completely powered by the wind. Inside the units feel very comfortable .


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Heat Recovery//Foster+partnerscITY hALL

Cross Ventilation//shading

Fosters+partners have designed some very iconic buildings in the UK, including the gherkin and the city hall. The city hall has been criticized, but it was designed to exemplify a sustainable public building. The office is naturally ventilated and uses borehole cooling and a heat recovery system. Fosters office is one of the only firms visited that use software to model heat gain, daylighting and ventilation patterns in and around the building. On their website, only seven projects are listed as sustainability focused. Hopefully the firm will begin to use their green design abilities to good on every project they complete.

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71

RatingWISE Building

Passive House/Sterling Prize/2030 Challenge/riba/poe71

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Passivhaus//Anne ThornePassive House

sheeps wool//cross ventilation//heat recovery//hot water//shading

Anne Thorne is arguably the most sustainably minded firm on our calendar. Their practice demonstrates sustainable design in every aspect not just the commonly mentioned natural ventilation or shading. The firm is very small and prides themselves on client communication and relationships. Designs like the passivehaus we visited are based on the Passivhaus Standard created in Germany. This results in very low energy buildings that require little energy for heating and cooling. The regulations are very strict and only a small margin of homes built have been certified.

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http://pichaus.com/

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Sterling Prize//AhmmAngel Building

wood//water collection//shading//daylight//solar panels

Allford Hall Monagahn and Morris create the firm AHMM that is finding their way towards a more sustainable practice. They won the prize for sustainable practice of the year 2011 and have been shortlisted for the sterling prize three times in the last five years. They design with the intent to “make great buildings green.” The firm has targeted ten issuers in design that the team strives to address. This toolkit addresses key areas in relation to carbon, people, and ecology; they include materials, transport, waste, renewable energy, occupants, and water. This helped them design the Angel Building which was the first renovation design to be shortlisted for the Sterling Prize

http://pichaus.com/75

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2030 //Nottingham UniversityeCO-HOMES

passivhaus//high-tech//solar gain//cross ventilation//wind farm//solar panels//public transportation//poe

Nottingham University is doing its part to become more sustainably consciences. This includes building renewable energy systems, encouraging staff and students to bike to campus, recycling more than sent to waste management, and requiring graduate students to know about sustainable practices. The university has created eco-homes to research the “homes of the future.” They are making full scale models of homes to test sustainable systems and how to restore the already developed homes in London to meet the new energy standards. The Carbon 60 home addresses 60% emissions reduction target, fuel poverty, security of supply, and modern methods of construction. The house is then monitored with a real family living in and using the home. The analysis for this and the other energy homes can be found at the university’s website.

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RIBA//Allies & Morrisonoffice

orientation//shading//daylight

Allies and Morrison is a distinguished firm operating out of its own studio that won the RIBA London Building of the Year 2004. The firm is focused on creating form and space that relate to each other in a meaningful way. This is seen in one of their more famous projects, the Royal Observatory. The projects observatory was directly defined by its relationship with its location on a small and large scale. The firm was very accommodating and spent time showing us some of their best work. My favorite firm visit!

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http://www.acenet.co.uk/

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POE//Bill BordassBill Bordass//WISE Building

Bill Bordass talked to us about his experience in post occupancy evaluation and soft landings. The evaluation is really important to sustainable design because it is impossible to tell how a building is preforming unless it is measured. Additionally, one is not able to gain accurate results from one’s own experience, but instead needs to consider multiple users experiences. The post occupancy evaluation begins to measure and help architects realize what is working and what doesn’t work. Creating a building users guide from the starting processes of the design is thought to increase the users understanding of the building and allow them to maximize the design intentions. This is being incorporated with the Soft Landings framework which aims to help users move into their buildings with a better knowledge base.

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EducationCenter for Alternative Technology

CAT/Daylighting Models/Drivers of Change/Design Charrette83

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CATCenter for Alternative Technology

Our group was able to attend the Center for Alternative Technologies monthly architecture practicum. The complex is full of informational displays and interactive activities related to sustainable design and environmental impacts. The complex has a new building called WISE that provides spaces for meetings, dining, lectures, and dorms. The building uses natural daylighting and ventilation to make a more comfortable and enjoyable space. One huge criticism is based on the circular theater made from rammed earth. This provides for very bad lecture acoustics. Overall the building was considered highly enough to be shortlisted for the Sterling Prize.

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Daylighting ModelsCenter for Alternative Technology

I was involved in the daylighting team during our week at CAT. My group chose to focus on top lighting apertures, using the theater as a case study. Our goal was to design an aperture that evenly lit the room while blocking direct sunlight. We each designed a roof light and tested it on a base 1:50 scale model in the artificial sky. After testing the current skylight in the room, we were able to calculate the daylight factor and uniformity ration to compare with our new designs. My design came out with the best uniformity ratio at 0.79 and a 3.63 average daylight factor. This design consisted of opaque and reflective material allowing light into the space while illuminating the ceiling and walls. The shape curved up on the edges to prevent almost all direct sunlight from entering the space. We found the size of the openings greatly affects daylight factor. This being larger openings let more daylight in but measures to reduce glare are also needed.

ExsistingRe-model

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Daylighting ModelsCenter for Alternative Technology

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Drivers Of Change//ArupArup FOresight

My charrette team was chosen to work with ARUP foresight. This is a division of ARUP associates, a firm made up of engineers, architects and planners. ARUP Foresight works to “identify and communicate the trends and issues likely to have a significant impact on the built environment.” They have created cards called the drivers of change that try to address these issues in a way public and designers can understand. The main cards make up the STEEP profile; social, technological, economical, environmental, and political. These branch in to more subjects, with Foresight continually creating more areas of focus. They have even branched into creating specific cards for countries like China, Jordan and Korea. The cards seek to intrigue and inform the reader about issues they may not be aware of or think about.

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Design Charrete/Serpentine Pavilionworking

Our charrette team began with sorting through the drivers of change cards to pick issues we thought were important and pertinent to the serpentine gallery. We ended up choosing; Mitigate v. Adapt, personal carbon, carbon finance, self-sufficiency, and water consciousness. After struggling with the cards and design attempts we chose to focus on a “fluctuation of space that responds to user’s actions and reactions.” The space is separated into two areas, mitigate and adapt. Mitigate that can change based on population and use, while adapt is forced to deal with the changes. This is preformed through a moving wall that separates the spaces and can be moved by a large group of people. Other design considerations include reuse of the sod, water collection, sun orientation, and sustainably harvested wood.

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Design Charrete/Serpentine Paviliondesign solution

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1. adapt2. kitchen3. mitigate

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london Conclusionfrom tate modern

The London studio was really a great experience for me. It was a one of a kind opportunity to visit buildings, firms and places most people only see online or in pictures. I think it really helped me to discover more about what I want out of my design profession. What surprised me the most was how much I disliked the large well known firms that I was so excited to see. I really enjoyed the less known, but in my opinion much better firms. My trip abroad was crazy, exhausting, amazing, stressful, eye-opening and many other things that I will never be able to fully explain. The most impactful though was how much it made me appreciate where I live and grew up. I now want to focus on traveling America, my beautiful country that I once took for granted.

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Europe Trip//Brussels

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Europe Trip//Antwerp

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Europe Trip//rotterdam

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Europe Trip//Amsterdam

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Europe Trip//cologne

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Europe Trip//paris

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Europe Trip//dublin

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Done!!!// Caralina JulianGraduate architectureuniversity of Idaho

[email protected]//(775)303-7392

london green architecture

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