logistics capacity assessment · 2011. 10. 30. · telephone dialing code +249, +256 (gemtel...

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Logistics Capacity Assessment

Southern Sudan

Region

Name Southern Sudan

Official Name Government of Southern Sudan – (GoSS)

Assessment

Assessment Dates: From 21st September 2010 To 21

st November 2010

Name of Assessor Michael Minihane

Title & Position Logistics Officer

Email Contact [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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Table of Contents

1. Region Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1. Introduction & Background ............................................................................................................ 4 1.2. Humanitarian Background ............................................................................................................. 5 1.3. National Regulatory Departments ................................................................................................. 7 1.4. Customs Information ..................................................................................................................... 9

2. Logistics Infrastructure .................................................................................................................... 14

2.1. Port Assessment ......................................................................................................................... 14 2.2. Airport Assessment ..................................................................................................................... 20 2.3. Road Assessment ....................................................................................................................... 27 2.4. Railway Assessment ................................................................................................................... 31 2.5. Waterways Assessment .............................................................................................................. 32 2.6. Storage Assessment .................................................................................................................. 36 2.7. Milling Assessment ..................................................................................................................... 37

3. Logistics Services ............................................................................................................................. 38

3.1. Fuel ............................................................................................................................................. 38 3.2. Transporters ................................................................................................................................ 41 3.3. Vehicle Rental ............................................................................................................................. 44 3.4. Taxi Companies .......................................................................................................................... 44 3.5. Freight Forwarding Agents .......................................................................................................... 44 3.6. Handling Equipment .................................................................................................................... 45 3.7. Electricity & Power ...................................................................................................................... 46 3.8. Manual Labour Costs .................................................................................................................. 47 3.9. Telecommunications ................................................................................................................... 47 3.10. Local Supplies Market ................................................................................................................. 48 3.11. Accommodation .......................................................................................................................... 49

4. Scenarios & Contingencies .............................................................................................................. 49 5. Annexes ............................................................................................................................................. 50

5.1. Annex 1: List of Contacts ............................................................................................................ 50 5.2. Annex 2: Relevant Websites ....................................................................................................... 51 5.3. Annex 3: Maps ............................................................................................................................ 52

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1. Region Profile Southern Sudan – officially known as the Government of Southern Sudan – is located in central/eastern Africa, The capital city is Juba situated in the south of the region along the Nile River. The region is landlocked and has borders with Ethiopia in the east, Kenya, Uganda and DRC in the south and CAR to the west. The northern border abuts the remainder of Sudan with Darfur bordering the western states. Southern Sudan has a semi-autonomous status as a result of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (9

th Jan, 2005,

http://www.aec-sudan.org/docs/cpa/cpa-en.pdf) reached between the Sudan People‟s Liberation Movement/Army

and the Government of Sudan represented by the National Congress Party. This agreement effectively ended the second Sudanese Civil War; Africa‟s longest running civil conflict (1983 – 2005). The CPA has various protocols which establish wealth and power sharing, democratic governance and the cessation of the civil war within and between the two Sudans. More importantly, the CPA allows for Southern Sudan to hold a referendum on whether or not to become an independent country in July 2011. The national elections held in April 2010 marked a major step forward in the area of democratic governance and were the first such elections in a 25 year period. The result was a confirmation of the status quo (Al Bashir as President of Sudan and Salva Kiir as President of the South). These elections were not only politically important, they represented a step on the road towards what maybe an independent Southern Sudan. There is little documented history of Southern Sudan. The Nilotic peoples of the Nuer, Dinka and Shilluk entered the area prior to the tenth century. The non Nilotic Azande entered Southern Sudan in the sixteenth century and established the state now known as Western Equatoria. The Egyptians established a region known as Equatoria in the 1870‟s. Latterly, the area was cherished by both the Egyptians and British due its strategic position controlling the Nile. Although annexed to Egypt, the British regarded Sudan as British Imperial Territory and from 1924 to independence in 1956 ran the country as two separate entities. From 1924, it was illegal for people living north of the 10

th parallel to go further south and for people south of the 8

th

parallel to go further north. The law was supposed to curb the spread of malaria and other tropical diseases that had ravaged British troops, and also controlling the spread of Islam. The result was increased isolation and separation between the North and South and arguably laid the seeds of conflict for the two periods of civil war in the years to come. The prolonged civil war(s) have had a very negative effect on Southern Sudan. The neglect and destruction of the infrastructural framework and the displacement of an estimated two million people during the 22 years of conflict have made it impossible to capitalize on the region‟s considerable resources. In addition, Southern Sudan has a rainy season from approximately April to October depending on area making the few available roads impassable, isolating communities and hindering any internal free trade.

The region is made up of ten states which follow broad historical divisions. The three areas of Nuba Mountains, Abyei and Blue Nile are culturally and politically part of the South but according to the CPA will have separate administrations until a referendum is held in Abyei and popular consultations in the Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile, in which they will have the option of joining the South or remaining under Northern administration. The referendum on independence for the main Southern Sudan states is scheduled for July 2011. Southern Sudan is a resource rich region dominated by vast oil reserves. In addition, it has deposits of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold and high value timber reserves. Furthermore, it enjoys a position of strategic control over the Nile River which has many tributaries in Southern Sudan and flows from south to north through the region forming a natural inland waterway.

- See Annex 3: Maps for Southern Sudan States Boundary Map -

The post CPA period began the rebuilding of traditional livelihoods based on subsistence agriculture and livestock but poor domestic agricultural yields, yet ongoing violent conflicts and a dilapidated road network resulted in high imported food prices. Returning IDP‟s and refugees as well as resident communities are faced with low availability of agricultural inputs and services as well as poor healthcare and education. The global acute malnutrition rates range from 10 to 31 % in Southern Sudan and the level is above the critical value of 15% in seven out of the ten states. (Sudan Household Health survey 2006).

http://www.aec-sudan.org/docs/cpa/cpa-en.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_Peace_Agreement

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1.1. Introduction & Background

1.1.1. Basic Facts

Basic Facts Source / Year

Capital Juba

Language English, colloquial Arabic, approx. 400 dialects

Ethnic Groups

The largest tribes are the Dinka and Nuer. Others are Bari, Acholi and Lotuhu people. The Azande, Bor and J Luo tribes are located in the west of the region. There are about 50 tribes speaking over 400 dialects.

UNDP

Religions Christianity, Islam, Animism

Region Size (comparison) Approximately 645,000 km² – which is the equivalent of Kenya and Uganda together - or France.

IBRD

Population Density (map) Total: 8,260,490 (Census 2008), density 13 persons / km²

Border countries Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, DRC, CAR

Exports Oil, Timber

Imports Diesel, petrol, vehicles, plant, foodstuffs JICA Port Study

Agricultural products Cotton, sorghum, groundnuts, mango, millet, sesame, sugar

1.1.2. Region in Figures

General Information Source / Year

Region Size (km²) Approximately 645,000 km² – which is the equivalent of Kenya and Uganda together - or France.

IBRD

Population Total 8,260,490 Census 2008

Population Growth Rate (%) 1.75% in 2008

Centre for Census Statistics and Evaluation (SSCCSE)

GDP per capita (US$) US $1,479 in 2008 SSCCSE

Population under poverty line (%) 50.6% in 2009 SSCCSE

HIV prevalence (%) 3.04% in 2009 SSCCSE

Other Comments Census accuracy is a contentious issue between GoS and GoSS. There are motivations to reduce or increase numbers on both sides.

Useful Information

Time Zone (GMT +/-) GMT +3

Climate Description Tropical, wet season April to October with June, July, August having heaviest rainfall

Currency Sudanese Pound (SDG)

Telephone Dialing Code +249, +256 (Gemtel Uganda) also functions across Southern Sudan

Driving (Left or Right) Right, majority vehicles LHD

Visa Requirements & Cost Sudan visa through Embassies, or SSRRC travel permit, 2 photos, letter of

introduction/invitation from employer, cost: 6,000 KES (US$ 75) in Nairobi

Money Parity and Inflation Source

Year Exchange Rate

US$ = Local Currency Rate of Inflation

2010 US$ 1 = 2.8 SDG 13% (2009) Census

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1.2. Humanitarian Background

1.2.1. Disasters, Conflicts & Migration History

Disasters, Conflicts & Migration

Natural Disasters Y Comments / Details

Drought Y

Eastern Equatoria is often plagued with unreliable rains and 2010 is no exception - Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (US OFDA) estimates approximately 61,700 people affected directly by drought conditions. Rains have also been below average in Jonglei and Upper Nile

Earthquake N Infrequent and low impact

Epidemic N Poor sanitation and water contamination have lead to outbreaks of Cholera. At the time of writing, there is concern over an outbreak of Kala Azar in Jonglei and Upper Nile

Extreme temperature N Southern Sudan can be hot but extreme temperature is rare, the average annual temperature is about 29.4 ºC (about 85 ºF), annual rainfall is more than 1,015 mm (more than 40 in) (Canadaid)

Flood Y

Areas in Jonglei, Upper Nile and Unity state can be flooded for nine out of twelve months of the year. Heavy rainfall, clay soils (black cotton) and proximity to the Nile combine to create poor drain off and high levels of standing water. Under Sec for Health O.Lomoro claims 60,000 people currently displaced by flooding

Insect infestation Y Areas around Bor and Sudan Safari on the edge of the Nile suffer from mosquito plagues requiring that those living in these areas to remain in their houses from dusk until dawn.

Slides N N/A

Volcano N N/A

Wave/Surge N N/A

Wild fires N Only in place with consistent drought, eg. Eastern Equatoria

Wind storm Y High winds were common in Juba and surrounding areas in the post CPA period (2006/2007) but building and infrastructure seem to have curbed this phenomenon

Man-made

Civil strife Y Two civil wars 1955 – 1972 and 1983 – 2005. Since official independence in 1956, the North and the South have been in a state of peace for 16 years

International conflict N

Displaced in region Y 2nd

Civil war displaced 4 million people of which ca. 2 million have returned

Refugees in region Y 20,000 from DRC and CAR fleeing LRA attacks, 4,600 Ethiopian Anuaks living in Pochalla, Jonglei State, Lologo, Central Equatoria State and Malakal, Upper Nile State. (UNHCR)

Refugees from region Y Sudanese Diaspora numbering approx 2 million can be found in USA, Europe, Australia and neighbouring Kenya, Uganda as well as South Africa

Landmines casualties Y UNMAO

Other comments

1.2.2. Calamities and Seasonal Affects

Seasonal Affects on Transport (economic, social, climate)

Transport Comments

Primary Road Transport

Total measured constructed road coverage is 10,000 km – no difference between primary and secondary exists – but total track coverage nationally is estimated at 90,000 km.

Up to 5,000 km of roads remain passable in the rainy season from May to October.

Secondary Road Transport 50% of above 10,000 is impassable in rainy season

5,000 km become impassable mainly in Jonglei, Warrap, WBEG, NBEG, Unity and Upper Nile.

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Seasonal Affects on Transport (economic, social, climate)

Rail Transport 150 km of rail track exist in the north from Malual to Wau. There are plans to expand the railways up to Juba.

Use of railway assets is controlled by Sudan Railways Corporation at Khartoum

Air Transport Multitude of airfields due to the sheer size of the region and the lack of roads.

June, July, August rainfall means that large % airstrips closed.

Waterways Transport

Southern Sudan controls the upper reaches of the Nile which gives the country 1,463 km of navigable inland waterway.

Lack of rain in the dry season Dec/Jan leads to a shallow water situation which does affect barge transport and potential capacity.

September, October and into November are traditional harvest seasons for sorghum; commercial agriculture in Southern Sudan is a sector of high priority for the GOSS to develop. Harvest thus far has a minimal effect on the availability of vehicles suitable for the large scale movement of humanitarian aid. In the middle of the wet season, a 6x6 truck will cost 30% more than in the dry season and the payload will be less than the dry season. For the transporter, this is an opportunity to make money but he may also roll his truck attempting to go around mud holes or over weakened bridges.

1.2.3. Capacities to Respond to Emergencies

1.2.3.1. Government

The primary responsibility to respond to emergencies lies with the GoSS. The Government must declare the situation to be an emergency in order that the humanitarian community can step in and offer assistance. In reality, the Ministries are involved to enhance coordination, co-operation and protocol. Direct ministerial counterpart for humanitarian originations is the Ministry for Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management (MHADM), set up in August 2010, whose emergency wing, the Southern Sudan Relief and Rehabilitation Commission (SSRRC) remains the implementation arm of the Government of Southern Sudan. The SSRRC has field presence in every state, county and payam of the country and they administer warehouse facilities for WFP in the states of Jonglei and Lakes. Official GoSS website is at following link: http://goss.org. In addition, the Humanitarian Coordination Forum (HCF), the main interface with the GoSS, was re-opened and strengthened in August of this year. Under the co chairmanship of the Minister for Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management and the Deputy and Resident Humanitarian Coordinator for Southern Sudan, the forum brings together senior representatives of GoSS line ministries, UN agencies, NGOs and donor organizations that undertake or support humanitarian action. In theory, this should shorten communication and response times in emergency cases.

Ministry / Department / Address

Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management

Name: Ajang Mayik Ajang Title: Undersecretary

Tel: +249 915 173606

SSRRC Name: Rev. William Chan Title: OIC

Tel: +249 122 500969

1.2.3.2. Humanitarian Community

Humanitarian Coordination

Type Name & Address Contacts

Deputy Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator Southern Sudan

Lise Grande, UNDP/UNMIS Juba Tel: +249 912536873 Email: [email protected]

Coordination Mechanisms / Committees / Groups

Organisation Name Contact & Address Contact Details

Humanitarian Country Team (HCT) OCHA, UN OCHA Compound, Airport – Ministries Rd., Juba

Head of OCHA: Giovanni Bosco Tel: +249 922 406 089 Email: [email protected]

Sector Working Groups (SWG) See Annex Cluster-Sector Leads & Co-Leads



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There are various sources of funding available to the UN and its participating/cooperating partners in Southern Sudan. In order that the efforts of the UN and the humanitarian community progress in a coordinated and cohesive manner, there is the Work Plan for Sudan. The Humanitarian Work Plan for Sudan encompasses UN Agencies and many NGOs that have participated in a process of nationwide coordination by fourteen sectors and eight planning regions. The very existence of this document has allowed a number of donors and UN organizations to join forces and create a common fund whereby donors can contribute directly to the Work Plan. The Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) was first tried as a pilot project in 2005 and formally implemented in 2006. Only those projects in the Work Plan qualify for support from the CHF, see link: http://www.unsudanig.org/workplan/chf/2010/index.php. Administration: the Humanitarian Coordinator (HC) manages the funds with support from OCHA and UNDP. OCHA is responsible for managing the allocation process, whereas UNDP is the administrative agent managing the disbursement of funds to recipient organizations. The CHF method should encourage donor contributions by virtue of its clarity and cohesive nature. A factor of 10% is withheld from the CHF for emergencies and unforeseen needs. For Emergency operations the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) is also a potential source of funding for Southern Sudan. The CERF is intended to complement normal funding efforts and not to substitute them. It is a humanitarian fund established by the UN in 2005 to enable more timely and reliable humanitarian assistance to those affected by natural disasters and armed conflicts. Presided over by the ERC and Head of OCHA, the CERF essentially allows for the pre-positioning of funding for humanitarian actions. It is designed around three core objectives:

promote early action and response to reduce loss of life;

enhance response to time-critical requirements;

strengthen core elements of humanitarian response in underfunded crises. Core recipients of funding from the CERF are UNICEF, UNHCR, WFP and WHO. The recent roll out of the cluster system in Southern Sudan should further enhance the way in which the humanitarian assistance is allocated and should allow for a more efficient use of the resources involved in the distribution process.

1.3. National Regulatory Departments



Ministry of Energy and Mining

Name: Mr. Gerang Diing Akuong Title: Minister

Name: Mr. William Ater Maciek Undersecretary Email: [email protected] Web Site: http://www.ministryofenergygoss.net

Tel:+249-918-906-406 or +249-927-951-102 Fax: +249-811-829-583

The Ministry of Energy and Mining is responsible for the tax levied on fuel and for the allocation of fuel supplier certificates. In addition, their members occasionally check that the litre pumped at a fuel station is actually a litre. Line personnel in Energy and Mining are receiving training in order to better fulfil the QC function with fuel.



Ministry of Finance Name: Mr. David Deng Athorbei Title: Minister

Salvatore Garang Mabiordit, 1st Undersecretary, Finance Aggrey Tisa Sabuni, Undersecretary, Economic Planning, Email: [email protected] Moses Mabior, Director, Aid Coordination

+249-122-249-178 or +256-477-126-466

For the UN and INGO‟s, the Ministry of Finance is the main counterpart for obtaining tax exemptions. Tax exemptions are granted by the Ministry of Finance. The tax exemption granted by the GoSS has to be documented and explained so that it is not seen as potential revenue which should have gone to Khartoum. Exemptions to the private sector are subtracted from the funding to GoSS from Government of National Unity, Khartoum.




http://www.ministryofenergygoss.net/


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Customs Name: Col. Abdul Moneim, Title: Director General Name: William Joseph, Title: Administration of Customs

Tel: +249 9 12258179 Tel: +249 9 55480048

The Customs functions reports directly to the Government of National Unity – or GoS. The DG of Customs is officially the Head of Customs for the Southern States on behalf of the Republic of Sudan. The individual southern states are levying taxes on imports which they are entitled to do (as outlined in the CPA) but the revenue is reported to the DG and a committee comprising seven persons who decides on how the revenue is then shared among various stakeholders.



Ministry of Health Name: Dr Luka Tombekana Monoja

Majok Yak Majok Undersecretary Email : [email protected] Web Site: http://www.mohgoss.com

The Ministry of Health has an important regulatory role in the import of medicines by the humanitarian community. The Pro Forma invoice presented to customs for the tax free import of medicines will require a stamp of approval from the Min of Health which effectively recognizes that the products stated are accepted and comply with the standards to enter Southern Sudan. Also possible is the insistence that a certificate from the Directorate of Pharmaceutical services is produced.



Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

Name: Dr Anna Itto

Mr. Beda Machar Undersecretary, Agriculture Email : [email protected]

Tel: +249-917-068-933

See Ministry of Health model above but regulatory function applies to all agricultural production imports, seeds, insecticides etc.



Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries

Name: Mrs. Nyalok Tiong Gatluak

Dr. John Ogoto Kanisio Okeleng Lefuf DG, Planning, Investment and Marketing (SIFSIA Project) Email: [email protected] Dr. Agol Malak Kwai DG, Veterinary Services (LESP-SS, SPINAP-AHI, PATTEC Projects) Email: [email protected] Dr. Louis Jaja DG, Special Projects (MDTF, SPCRP Projects) Email: [email protected]

Tel:+249 (0) 12221935/ +256 (0) 477102893 Tel +249 (0) 126642218 Tel +249 (0) 126232225; +256 (0) 477257444

See Min of Health model above but regulatory function applies to all veterinary medicine imports.



Standards and Specifications Authority

This is a regulatory body which is required to stamp the pro forma invoice on imports of tractors, irrigation pumps and agricultural capital.

Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents


http://www.mohgoss.com/





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1.4. Customs Information

1.4.1. Duties and Taxes Exemption

A) Emergency Response:

During a crisis, the customs protocols are relaxed considerably. The Co-coordinator or entity in charge of the organization which is importing the humanitarian related cargo, must give a stamped and signed undertaking concerning the cargo and its purpose or destination. The aforementioned undertaking is then used to facilitate the release of the goods at the respective borders, airports, and chosen point of entry. The following table shows agreements and conventions which apply to the region. Technically, Southern Sudan is part of Republic of Sudan and bound by the Government of National Unity so the agreements and conventions section below applies also to GoSS.

Agreements / Conventions Description Ratified by Country?

WCO (World Customs Organization) member Yes Nov 2009

Annex J-5 Revised Kyoto Convention Yes 2nd

Nov 2004

Tampere Convention (on the Provision of Telecommunication Resources for Disaster Mitigation and Relief Operations)

Yes 4th

Dec 1998

Regional Agreements (on emergency/disaster response, but also customs unions, regional integration)

Organization of African Unity – 25

th May 1963

CENSAD – 1998, IGAD – 1986 COMESA – 1994

B) Exemption Regular Regime (Non-Emergency Response):

The system whereby the UN and other agencies apply for tax exemptions has been set up to facilitate the import of tax exempt humanitarian assistance and the various administrative bodies know the procedures.

National Customs Legislation and Regime

The UN agencies are generally tax exempted and seen as having a diplomatic status. This falls under article 186 of the Customs Act. If the UN and NGO‟s/INGO‟s want to follow the protocol exactly, they should request and complete Form 1a from the GoS Min of Foreign Affairs in Khartoum. WFP, in particular, does not have to provide pro forma invoices to gain letters of Exemption on food imports. Procedure is simplified in that WFP give letter to MoFA in which it is estimated the amount of food required over a certain period. MoFA issues exemption on amounts required and passes info to Head of Customs. Head of Customs issues orders to CO‟s at border points to allow designated food to enter and record is kept of amounts entering until total is reached. NGO‟s and INGO‟s which have been recognized as such by SSRRC can also avail themselves of tax exemptions.

Organizational Requirements to obtain Duty Free Status

United Nations Agencies

All UN, INGO and NGO‟s are subject to the same procedure to achieve the above. All must take copies of Articles of Memorandum, letter of introduction and letter requesting registration to Director General of NGO affairs within Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Mgt. The fee is 200 USD and five working days are required. This is a new Ministry so roles and responsibilities are still “settling”. UN agencies may be re-directed to Under Secretary.

NGOs

The initial step is to ensure that you are a recognized INGO/NGO in your own country/another country. From this location, you must have the articles of memorandum pertaining to your organization. Thereafter, step 1 in Southern Sudan: take articles of Memorandum, introductory letter, letter of request for certification/registration to Director General for NGO Affairs within Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Mgt. This will cost 200 USD and take approx 5 working days.

Ministry / Department / Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management

Name: Gatwech Peter Kulang Title: DG for NGO Affairs Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 019 405 Fax:

There are currently 155 INGO‟s working in Southern Sudan and 187 local NGO‟s – all of whom will require to pass through the DG for NGO affairs. Early acquaintance with the DG might be advisable in order to avoid bottlenecks. Mr. Kulang has his own NGO‟s and a wealth of experience in NGO admin and management. He is currently compiling a handbook for all NGO‟s to explain and simplify procedures. Source: Gatwech P Kulang


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C) Exemption Certificate Application Procedure

The following is taken directly from the Southern Sudan Logistics Cluster (www.logcluster.org):

Demonstrating Eligibility for Tax Exemption – SSRRC

Generate a list of assets intended for import complete with prices. A brief covering letter identifying your agency and your eligibility for tax exemption should be given to the SSRRC with an attached list of the assets you wish to import and any shipping documents. The SSRRC office will issue a letter to the Under Secretary, Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, GoSS confirming your eligibility for tax exemption and request that they facilitate your application; this typically takes 2 – 4 days.

Obtaining Tax Exemption – Ministry of Finance, (MOF)

Present a cover letter addressed to the Under Secretary, Ministry of Finance & Economic Planning, GoSS together with your eligibility for tax exemption from the SSRRC and the commercial invoice, packing list, shipping document and if relevant, a gift certificate. The Under Secretary evaluates your request prior to granting exemption. The gift certificate must mention the value of the assets that are being donated.

Obtaining Tax Exemption – Customs Police, Juba and Border Crossings

Obtaining Tax Exemption

Duties and Taxes Exemption Application Procedure – see above schematic

Generalities (include a list of necessary documentation)

Tax exemptions are issued by the GoSS MoFA only upon receipt of confirmation from Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Mgt. that applicant is a registered UN, INGO or NGO. Officially, a completed Form 1a from Min of Foreign Affairs in Khartoum is also required but GoSS Min of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Mgt can now vouch for UN, INGO, NGO‟s operating in South. In order to have a duties and tax exempted status, you need to convince the Min of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Mgt that you are a legitimate NGO /INGO. There is a strict procedure and protocol involved and failure to adhere to this can lead to lengthy delays. Any tax exemption will require a covering letter addressed to the Under Secretary MoFA, a Pro Forma invoice and B of L or AWB for the equipment that you wish to import and the estimated tax that you are avoiding. A good clearing agent will be able to calculate this for you.

D) Exemption Certificate Document Requirements

The following matrix should include information as to what documents are necessary in order to obtain a duties and taxes exemption certificate. In each of the boxes in the matrix, please include the following information for the

commodities list at the top: i) Whether or not the documents listed on the left are required (Y/N) ii) Whether or not an original, proforma or a copy is necessary iii) The number of copies of the document that is necessary iv) Any differences between UN and NGO requirements

If there are any additional comments, they can be included at the bottom of the table.

Duties and Taxes Exemption Certificate Document Requirements (by commodity)

Food Shelter, WASH & Education

Medicines Vehicles & Spare Parts

Staff & Office Supplies

Telecoms Equipment

Invoice Yes, original, plus1x copy

Yes, original, plus1x copy





AWB, BL, Other Transport Docs

Yes, Original AWB/B of L plus copy






Donation/Non-Commercial Certificates

Yes, original plus copy






Packing Lists Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Other Documents

WASH items may require Directorate of Pharma

List of medicine as

per MoH standards

List of equipment to be imported as per MOTPS Specs

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Duties and Taxes Exemption Certificate Document Requirements (by commodity)

certificate Form

Additional Notes

The Ministries and Customs want to see originals of all papers but MoFA will keep any papers you give them for their files and Customs want to see originals so it is important to have paperwork in triplicate from the outset. A good freight forwarder at the point of origin can facilitate this.

1.4.2. Customs Clearance

1.4.2.1. General Information

Customs Information

Document Requirements

Original Letter of exemption, packing list, invoice, donation certificate with values

Embargoes People or products from Israel are not allowed to enter Sudan

Prohibited Items Weapons, pornography and narcotics

General Restrictions

Fumigants need to be given clearance by the Ministry of Agriculture and a covering certificate will be required. Explosives – for mining – require a special clearance certificate from Department of Engineering, SPLA

1.4.3. Customs Clearance Document Requirements

The following matrix includes information as to what documents are necessary for the customs clearance of consignments. In each of the boxes in the matrix please include the following information for the commodities list at the top:

i) Whether or not the documents listed on the left are required (Y/N) ii) Whether or not an original, proforma or a copy is necessary iii) The number of copies of the document that is necessary iv) Any differences between UN and NGO requirements

Customs Clearance Document Requirements (by commodity)

Food Shelter, WASH & Education

Medicines Vehicles &

Spare Parts Staff & Office

Supplies Telecoms Equipment

D&T Exemption Certificate

Yes, original, applies to UN and NGOs

Yes, original Yes, original Yes, original Yes, original Yes, original

Invoice Yes, original Yes, original Yes, original Yes, original Yes, original Yes, original

AWB, BL, Other Transport Docs

AWB, Bof L AWB, Bof L AWB, Bof L AWB, Bof L AWB, Bof L AWB, Bof L

Donation/Non-Commercial Certificates

Original with value stated






Packing Lists Yes

Phytosanitary Certificate

? No No No No No

Other Documents

Pharma Cert Pharma Cert MOTPS stamp

Additional Notes

Customs will insist upon the stamped packing list as approved by the respective regulatory body. Original invoices are needed to calculate the revenue that should have gone to Government of Nat Unity so a pro forma will not be accepted. A certificate from Directorate of Pharma will be required on medicines. On the whole, Customs is relatively accommodating when it comes to the humanitarian community so a good quality copy of the packing list will suffice. Similarly, Customs should insist upon the Min of Foreign Affairs Form 1a for UN, NGOs and INGOs but they will accept a signed, original tax exemption instruction from the Min of Finance as proof of UN, NGO status.

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1.4.4. Weight and Value Band – N/A

Transit Regime

There has been humanitarian transit cargo from Uganda to DRC through Kaya border. Agreements to be obtained by local authorities.

1.4.5. Focal Points Information

Customs Authority Focal Point

Governmental Body Customs of the Republic of Sudan

Name (if available) Colonel Abdu Moneim, Director General

Name alternate William Joseph, Administration of Customs

Address Juba Customs, Next to Juba Raha, Juba

Telephone Number +249 9 12258179 +249 9 55480048

Warehouse

Juba Customs HQ has a customs warehouse which is used to store non-cleared cargoes from planes. There is no charge for storage at this location but customs will start to chase the clearing agent if the cargo overstays and undocumented payment may result.

Entry Point Details

Entry Point Location and Type (sea, land, air, etc.)

Nadapal, road route from Lokichoggio, Northern Kenya

Name of Customs Officer Officers rotate, no names available – DG Customs

Operating Hours 08.00 hrs to 16.00 hrs Mon to Fri, half day at weekends

Warehouse

No customs warehouses exist at the point of entry. If loads do not have the correct paperwork, they remain on the vehicle outside the customs office until the paperwork arrives.

Customs Information and Document Requirements

If all papers are correct, clearing will take one day to maximum 1.5 days.

Clearing System

A recognized clearing agent is required to clear cargoes as stated in Section 178. (1) Of the Sudanese Customs Act [1986] asserts that customs clearance may be restricted to licensed CCAs. This provision is currently in force and the services of CCAs are required under Sudanese law.

Entry Point Details

Entry Point Location and Type Nimule – road route from Gulu, Central Uganda



Warehouse

No customs warehouses exist at this point of entry. If loads do not have the correct paperwork, they remain on the vehicle outside the customs office until the paperwork arrives.


If all papers are correct, clearing will take one day to maximum 1.5 days. The Gumbo Bridge at Nimule is problematic during periods of heavy rain, when the bridge will be closed and large bottlenecks will/can develop. Nimule is still the fastest route for tax exempted cargo

Clearing System


Entry Point Details

Entry Point Location and Type Kaya - road route from Koboko, north-western Uganda

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Warehouse

No customs warehouses exist at the point of entry. If loads do not have the correct paperwork, they remain on the vehicle outside the customs office until the paperwork arrives.


If all papers are correct, and no bottlenecks exist, clearing will take one day to maximum 1.5 days. Kaya can have bottlenecks because it is the preferred route for those cargoes without tax exemption – cargoes are entering directly into Central Equatoria so if the cargo is bound for Juba, state tax needs to be paid once only.

Clearing System



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2. Logistics Infrastructure

2.1. Port Assessment

Southern Sudan is landlocked – it has no sea port. The inclusion of Juba Port in this position of the Logistics Infrastructure should not raise the impression that this is a major avenue for commerce at the present time. It is however, a vital link in the logistics chain which will play a major role in the years ahead.

2.1.1. Port of Juba

Location of the Port

Port Name Juba Port

Latitude N 04º 49‟ 52.00” Longitude E 31º 36‟ 52.00”

2.1.2. Port Overview

Port Contacts

Port Operating Company Ministry of Roads and Transport, Central Equatoria State Directorate and Director General for River Transport +249 909422051

Contact Mr. Abdu Siley, Director General Mob +249 126 823434 +249 909 422051

Port Operations Central Equatoria State

Contact Mr. Zubeir Taban, Port Manager Mob +249 12270 6859 +249 904290220

Port Customs N/A – freight can only come from within Sudan

2.1.3. Port Performance

Juba Port is the main river port in the southern sector of GoSS. The Nile has historically been of vital importance for the supply of goods and Juba has always been a major centre of population. General cargo barges docking at Juba contain mostly food and household goods such as flour, beans, rice, pasta, sugar, soaps, candles etc. The larger more specific purpose barges tend to utilize the deck areas for cars, containers, oil drums, machinery etc and below deck they will have petrol or diesel in the tanks. Juba has also had its fair share of passengers and has been an important location for IDP‟s. Recently, Juba has seen a change in the type of barge docking at the port with the arrival of large-scale fuel barges and bigger more powerful pushers. Performance is weakened by the cargo handling equipment being inadequate and the management of the port being shared between GoSS and Central Equatoria State - “GoSS owns the water but the state runs the port” - which results in problems with role demarcations and responsibilities. Furthermore the Porter‟s Union has a very strong position; among other things controlling the labourers that are allowed to work in the port, level of labour charges etc. The access corridor downstream of the port is said to be narrow which allows for barge entry or exit but not both simultaneously. Barges tend to be moored to the mango trees which grow on the dockside. Barge Captains will also moor onto other barges where no mango tree is available which leads to problems. The river bank is receding and erosion is an issue. Unloading/loading is mostly done manually or in the case of containers, a mobile crane from one of the commercial operators is hired in. Access to flat ground to position the crane is tricky and removing a container from a barge requires a great deal of skill. The Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) began a project in 2006 to re-develop the Juba Port. To date, they have implemented the following: bitumen access road from the mosque to jetty, berthing jetty (35m x 16m), bitumen surfaced handling yard (35m x 14m), 4 mooring posts, 1.5 ton crane and small generator. In addition, JICA added lighting, peripheral fencing, toilets, small storage facilities and a cafeteria structure.

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Further development of the JICA Port involving the entire wharf front is on hand and JICA are currently consulting with the DG of Directorate of River Transport. This development would effectively mechanize the port and also significantly reduce the cost and turnaround time of barge unloading. NB: a private consortium is about to launch the Luri River Project which is a self contained port and industrial complex 20 km north of Juba. If realized, this fully mechanized port would provide a viable one-stop logistics hub for the interface between water and road modes of transportation.

It is difficult to estimate annual cargo tonnages at Juba and at the time of writing, no reliable accurate information is available. The Directorate of River Transport was unable to supply this information and referred to Keer or SSRC. For the purposes of this study, it is not appropriate to use tonnage as a measure of performance. Barge movements are a more accurate measure. To this end, the arrival and departure of barges at Juba River Port for a period of 24 days (27th Aug 2008 - 17th Sep 2008) as observed by JICA consultants is shown below;

Arrival & Departure of Barges – Juba

Passenger Cargo Flat Flat Large Total

Arrival Barge 1 13 9 3 26

Departure Barge 1 7 5 - 13

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Total 1 20 14 3 39

Estimates of Cargo/Barge Capacities

Type of Barge Kosti-Juba Juba-Kosti Remarks

Cargo Barge 425 tons 127 tons Kosti-Juba 100% loaded

Flat Barge 400 tons 30 tons Juba-Kosti 30% loaded

Large Flat Barge 500 tons 60 tons Juba-Kosti 30% loaded on the deck

Assumption of Incoming and Outgoing Cargo Volumes

Cargo Barge Flat Barge Large Flat Barge Total

Incoming 5,525 tons 3,600 tons 1,500 tons 10,625 tons

Outgoing 892 tons 150 tons - 1,042 tons

Total 6,417 tons 3,750 tons 1,500 tons 11,667 tons

Note: Large Flat Barge with heavy machines on deck is assumed at 500 tons. Cargo Barge with full of goods is assumed at 425 tons per barge. Flat Barge is assumed at 300 tons diesel in the tank and 100 tons goods on deck.

Performance: 2009

Vessels Calls See above tables

Container traffic (TEU‟s) N/A

Total Cargo Handling (mt) 4 barges can be manually emptied per day

Total Annual Capacity of the Port Monthly total capacity estimated at 9,000 mt (JICA)

Capacity: 2009 Bulk Container Conventional

mt / Year TEU’s / Year mt / Year

Export activity of the Port N/A N/A N/A

Import activity of the port N/A N/A N/A

Current yearly import by Humanitarian Organisations through that port

N/A N/A N/A

WFP N/A N/A 6,503 – WFP

UNICEF N/A N/A

2.1.4. Discharge Rates

Manual unloading of barges cost up to 12 – 15 USD/mt

2.1.4.1. Pilotage Fees

Pusher boats navigate the barges up to the dockside without external assistance. No pilots are required or available.

2.1.4.2. Tug Services

See above – pusher boats do all of the work.

2.1.4.3. Mooring Services

See below.

2.1.4.4. Port & Harbour Dues

The above two points are rolled into one common charge of 1,000 SDG on departure. A barge can remain as long as deemed necessary but upon departure, a charge will be levied of 1,000 SDG.

2.1.4.5. Dockage, Buoyage & Anchorage

See above single departure charge.

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2.1.4.6. Charges for General Services

River boat operators have traditionally delegated the entire off loading/on loading process to the customer, i.e. for the customer to negotiate service charges with the Porter‟s Union and the commercial handling equipment companies. Keer Marine are about to become the first operator to integrate vertically up and down the logistics chain by placing a crane, heavy forklift, pallet wrapper and pallet stacker at Juba. This is an interesting development and should have an effect on the general service charges.

2.1.4.7. Hire of Labour and Equipment

Labour and equipment is normally hired out per job or task. It is very rare that a crane or self loading truck will be hired out on an hourly rate and most owner/operators will want to view the job at hand before quoting. Currently, the Porter‟s Union does not allow non-union labour to work in the port so prices below are indicative of general Southern Sudan labour market:

Service (Per hour of part thereof) Charge (indicate currency)

Mobile Crane more than 5 mt inclusive of driver US$ 130 / hour, US$ 500 – 600 per day

Mobile Crane less than 5 mt or equal inclusive of driver US$ 300 – 400 per day

VIP launch inclusive of crew US$ 250 per ½ day

Pilot boat inclusive of crew US$ 250 per ½ day

Fire appliance inclusive of minimum crew N/A

Tipper truck or flatbed lorry inclusive of driver US$ 400 per ½ day

Forklift or Tractor more than 5 mt inclusive of driver US$ 400 – 450 per day

Forklift or Tractor less than 5 mt or equal of inclusive of driver US$ 250 per day

Van, Pick-up or Saloon Car inclusive of driver US$ 120 per day

Management or supervisory staff US$ 60 per day

Skilled staff: e.g. Crane or Forklift Driver, Artisan, Firemen or Clerk US$ 45 per day

Semi-skilled staff: e.g. Labourers, Watchman US$ 30 per day

2.1.5. Berthing Equipment & Specifications

Berthing equipment consists of mango trees and the rubber skids on neighbouring barges.

2.1.6. General Cargo Handling Berths

The best berths are the ones where the bow of the barge is close enough to the eroded bank to allow the porters easy access (i.e. without having to jump).

2.1.7. Port Cargo Handling Equipment

The port handling equipment at Juba consists basically of 1 x mini gantry crane with a 1.5 ton load. Containers and heavy items have to be lifted off by mobile commercial crane. Prices per lift were US$ 200 and there is a US$ 250 mobilization fee to the port. Multiple lifts can result in a lower rate, subject to negotiation. Forklifts and other handling equipment must all be hired from local private operators.

2.1.8. General Services

Welders and general tradesmen can be found on the dockside.

2.1.8.1. Discharging Facilities

20 ft and 40 ft containers are removed by commercial crane and normally placed directly onto a waiting truck. Heavily loaded containers may be problematic, since depends on the boom extension length of the crane and how close to the barge the crane can get.

2.1.8.2. Oil Handling Terminal

No separate oil handling facility exists. Oil/diesel is held in the barge sub-tanks and is pumped directly into tank transport trucks which position themselves as close to the barge as possible.

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2.1.8.3. Multipurpose Terminal

The closest that Juba has to a multipurpose terminal is the JICA port facility

2.1.8.4. Grain & Bulk Handling

There are no bulk handling facilities at Juba – cargoes arrive packaged and bagged

2.1.8.5. Main Silo Terminal

No such capacity exists

2.1.8.6. Main Storage Terminal


2.1.8.7. Bagging – Grain Handling


2.1.9. Stevedoring

The stevedores/porters at Juba number approx 175 in total and are all organized through the Porter‟s Union. They do not have a fixed rate for stuffing or de-stuffing barges or containers which is making it difficult to understand the pricing structure within this component of the logistics chain. WFP avoid this problem by transferring the responsibility of negotiation and payment for manual loading/unloading to the barge operators. SDG 35/US$ 12 per metric ton were supplied as a guideline.

2.1.9.1. Conventional Cargo

The Porter‟s Union decides on the charges for de-stuffing of a barge. Individual, oversized items tend to be given a set price depending on the current situation. Damage to cartons or boxes does occur, but there are no formal mechanisms for compensation.

2.1.9.2. Containerised Cargo

Moving a container involves using one of the commercial cranes. Civicon, SDV, ABMC and Afristar all operate cranes. The cranes can normally be hired on a per container basis or daily rate. One container counts as one lift which is charged at US$ 200. On top of that, the customer will be charged a mobilization fee of US$ 250. Although costs vary little from operator to operator, the competence of crane operators does vary. Lifting a container from A to B on ship with the crane is still considered to be a lift and has to be paid as if it were an off load/on load activity. The supply of cranes is exceeded by the demand for cranes so prices are high.

2.1.9.3. Other Container Handling Services

N/A

2.1.9.4. Labour Ordering, Cancellation and Delay

Delays and cancellations should be discussed with the Porter‟s Union. Giving a legitimate reason and work being guaranteed at a later stage will help in the negotiations.

2.1.10. Shore Handling

2.1.10.1. Conventional Cargo

Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof)

Charge (indicate currency)

Direct discharge/loading of imports/exports US$ 12 – 17 mt manually loaded

Crude Petroleum Oil Imports Importer responsibility

Other Liquid Bulk Imports Importer responsibility

Other Imports US$ 12 – 17 mt manually loaded

Liquid Bulk Exports/Bunkering Importer responsibility

Other Exports US$ 12 – 17 mt manually loaded

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2.1.10.2. Containerised Cargo

Complete container lifted off by crane and placed onto waiting truck. Unless otherwise agreed, this is responsibility of the cargo owner and not the shipping company.

2.1.11. Clearing Agents

No current requirement for clearing agents as the cargo is domestic and remains within the Republic of Sudan.

2.1.12. Port Security

Juba has its own port security which is not ISPS or SOLAS compliant and barges will normally have their own security officers who remain on board. The port gate is closed from 17.00 to 07.00 hrs when entry will be denied.

2.1.13. Storage Facilities

Covered storage facilities are not available

2.1.14. Additional Ports

See 2.5 Waterways Assessment Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents

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2.2. Airport Assessment

2.2.1. Civil Aviation

The Civil Aviation for Sudan is based in Khartoum. This body oversees all matters pertaining to aviation in Sudan. Civil Aviation for Southern Sudan is housed within the Ministry of Roads and Transport. The current DG for Civil Aviation in the South is an accomplished pilot and a former Major General.

2.2.1.1. Overview

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Civil Aviation Authority, P.O. Box 430, Khartoum, Sudan

Name: Abdullah Abd Al-Karim Title: Director General Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 183 772 360

The CAA is primarily responsible for the safety of aviation in Sudan in line with the ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization – codes and regulations. Further functions pertain to updating aviation technology, introduction of new services etc but the core responsibility is ensuring safety. Planes operating in the South must comply with the standards of operation set down by the CAA in Khartoum.


Civil Aviation Authority Southern Sudan, C/o Ministry of Roads & Transport, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Maj Gen Patrick Alteng Lotwa Title: Director General Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 034 177

2.2.1.2. Procedures for Foreign Registered Aircraft

The first step is to apply in writing to the CAA - Civil Aviation Authority, to Brig. Kuol Kuol Ajieu. The letter must contain the expressed desire to preposition the aircraft at a specified airfield in Southern Sudan. There will also be a requirement for the completed international form which can be downloaded from the web.

2.2.2. Main Airport


Directorate of Civil Aviation Ministry of Roads and Transportation

Name: Brig. Kur Kuol Ajieu Title: Director of Airport Email: [email protected]

Tel: Fax:

Overall responsibility for the management and running of the ground based facilities of Juba Airport

2.2.2.1. General Overview

Juba International Airport is a joint civil and military airfield. The airspace is controlled by Khartoum but all ground facilities are under the control of GoSS. The growth in flight frequency since the signing of the CPA in 2005 has been significant and it is rapidly becoming one of the busiest airports in the region with an average of 60 flights per day. Government spending and focus has centred on airport security with 16km perimeter fencing and various vehicle access controls. There is a plan to install state of the art radar systems to allow for better tracking of incoming and departing aircraft. Issues with local landowners are being addressed to implement government plans to further extend the runways. At time of this LCA, six commercial international airlines (Air Uganda, Ethiopian Airways, Kenya Airways, Jetlink, Egypt Air, Eagle Air) are operating in and out of Juba. Four commercial national airlines (Sudan Airways, Marsland Aviation, 847, Buffalo Airways) are operating within Southern Sudan.

Location Details

Region GoSS Latitude N 04º 52‟ 19.22”

Province / District Central Equatoria State Longitude E 031º 36‟ 04.02”

Town or City (closest) Juba Elevation 1,513 ft

Airfield Name Juba Airport International Airport Yes

IATA & ICAO codes JUB & HSSJ Open from/to (hours) 07:30 to 18:30




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2.2.2.2. Performance

Performance Year(s) and figures

Total Aircraft Movements Current daily average is 60 movements – Riang Duop, Airport Manager

Total Passengers N/A

Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS) 234 flights, 5500 pax.

2.2.2.3. Cargo Capacity

Cargo flights into Juba are mostly charters from Khartoum and Dubai. The only scheduled cargo flights are from Nairobi by Astral Aviation on Mondays and Thursdays using a Boeing 707 and daily Ilyushin 76 flights from Nairobi.

Capacity Cargo Year(s) and figures

Total Aircraft Movements N/A

Total capacity of the airport (mt) N/A

Current activity of the airport (mt) N/A

Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS) 15 MT

2.2.2.4. Airfield Details

Airfield Details

Customs Yes JET A-1 fuel Yes

Immigration Yes AVGAS 100 Yes

Terminal Building Yes Single Point Refueling Yes

Passenger Terminal Yes Air Starter Units Yes

Cargo terminal No Ground Power (mobile) Yes

Pax transport to airfield No Crash Crew Yes

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Control Tower Yes Aircraft Support Services No

Weather Facilities No Latrine Servicing No

Catering Services Minimal Fire Fighting Yes

Control Room Yes Fire Fighting Category (ICAO) Category - 7

Airport Radar No Fire Fighting Equipment Yes

NDB No De-icing Equipment No

VOR Yes, not working IFR Procedures Yes

ILS No Runway Lights No

Approach Lights No Parking Ramp Lighting No

2.2.2.5. Runway

Runway

Published Length (m) 2,400 m

Usable Length (m) All

Width (m) 45m

Orientation 13/31

Surface Asphalt

Taxiway Loose stones in places, UNMIS sweeper deployed

2.2.2.6. Helicopter Pad(s)

UNMIS helicopters use the taxiway adjacent to their base. Commercial helicopters are supposed to use the cargo apron to the south of the terminal buildings. However the access road to this area is now fenced off which may lead to logistical problems when off loading or on loading cargo and passengers. In addition, this area becomes a massive puddle when it rains creating a dangerous environment with regards to rotor wash.

Helicopter Pad

Present See above comments re apron sharing

Largest helicopter that can land Mi-26

Width and Length (metres) N/A

Surface Asphalt but water logged in wet season

2.2.2.7. Airport Operating Details

Airport Operating Details

Max size aircraft that can be offloaded on bulk cargo Bulk cargo never experienced at Juba airport

Max size cargo aircraft that can be offloaded on pallet IL-76

Total Parking Area m² 5,000 m2

Storage Capacity mt Newly developed warehousing adjacent to apron

Cargo Handling Equipment Yes If yes, specify below

- Elevators / Hi-loaders Yes Max. Capacity: mt Can reach the upper deck of B747

No

- Loading Ramps No

2.2.2.8. Costs – Navigation Charges

Navigation charges are not applicable in Southern Sudan. The navigation charge is seen as something which IATA takes care of and therefore not applicable.

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2.2.2.9. Costs – Airfield Charges

There are two tariffs which apply to planes arriving at Juba dependent upon the origin of the plane. An aircraft arriving from a domestic airport will be charged approx 50% less than an aircraft arriving from an international airport. The figures shown below are for aircraft of International origin:

Airfield Charges (US$)

Aircraft Weight – MTOW (kg) Landing Security User Charge Total

0 1,500 C 172 74 19 79 172

1,501 2,500 C 205 74 19 79 172

2,501 5,000 C 208 57 15 108 180

5,001 10,000 DC-3 113 29 123 265

10,001 20,000 Dash-7 113 29 123 265

20,001 40,000 Dash-8 113 29 123 265

40,001 80,000 An-12 422 106 295 823

80,001 120,000 B757 768 193 295 1,256

120,001 180,000 B767 1,238 310 295 1,843

180,001 300,000 IL-76 1,363 341 295 1,999

300,001 and over An-124 2,922 731 295 3,948

Note #1: No night landings allowed unless an emergency

Note #2: Parking charges are US$ 70 per aircraft

Note #3: All of these charges are administered by CAA

2.2.2.10. Costs – Aircraft Handling Charges

Other than the placing of chocks free of charge, aircraft handling is not carried out by airport staff. Two commercial handling operators are based at the airport – Juba Air Cargo and DAS. The rates as quoted by Juba Air Cargo are shown below:

2.2.2.11. Costs – Aircraft Servicing Charges

Aircraft Servicing Charges

Service Ad-Hoc / US$

Chocks Per operation Covered by airport

Stairs Per unit per hour 200

GPU Per hour 250

ASU Per hour 250

Loader Per hour 300

Toilet Service Per aircraft 300

Pushback Per operation NO

Trailer/dolly Per operation 250

Tractor Per operation 200

2.2.2.12. Ground Handling Company

Aircraft Handling Agent

Name & Address Juba Air Cargo Co Ltd

Contact Osama Abbas Mob +249 912 991 815

Email [email protected] Web www.jubacargo.net


http://www.jubacargo.net/

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The table below shows the charges for various services carried out by Juba Air Cargo Ltd:

Aircraft Handling Charges

Service Ad-Hoc / US$

IL-76 – Unload, not palletized 1,000

An-12 – Unload, not palletized 500

Ground support, documentation, admin 150

Passenger check in 150

Luggage loading/unloading 300

Crew Bus 100

2.2.2.13. Costs – Cargo Terminal Charges

At the present time, there is no such facility at Juba and the airport does not levy charges on the cargo. The plane has to pay the fees detailed in 2.2.2.9 Large cargo charters arriving Juba are unloaded by private handlers or freighters and the cargo is either taken/escorted to the Customs head office in Juba town or the clearing agents satisfy the Customs agent at the airstrip with the tax exemption which is presented with all official stamps in place. For the latter to happen, the clearing agent must already have prepared everything with the head of Customs in Juba town.

2.2.2.14. Costs – Air-bridge Charges

There are no air-bridges in Southern Sudan.

2.2.2.15. Costs – Fuel Services Charges

N/A

2.2.2.16. Security

Security at the airport falls under the responsibility of Brigadier Kur Kuol Ajieu as Director of the airport. There is no obvious security presence but officers are posted at various points around the airfield. Also investments have been done in the fencing of the perimeter.

Security

Good Marginal Bad

2.2.2.17. Storage Facilities

The only mass storage facilities at the airport are three large, private, bonded warehouses for air cargo that are being constructed at this time. Approximate sizes are 850 m² each. Location is adjacent to cargo plane parking area. Contact is Mr. Makol on +249 955 080 288. The rates are still to be decided upon. Access is good from both sides and there are 4 large doors on each warehouse. Ambient temperature has also been considered and air extractors are also in place.

2.2.2.18. Customs Contact

Airport Customs also falls under the remit of Colonel Abdu Moneim on +249 912 258 179 or +249 955 480 048. Customs Officers are normally on hand for the arrival of any aircraft – passenger and cargo. Passenger luggage is checked thoroughly and abnormal items will be temporarily held until a duty amount can be determined.

2.2.3. National Airports & Airfields

After Juba, the three most frequented airfields are Rumbek, Wau and Malakal.

Location Details

Region Southern Sudan Latitude N 06º 50‟.00”

State Lakes Longitude E 29º 40‟.80”

Town or City (closest) Rumbek Elevation (ft) 1,420

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Airfield Name Rumbek Surface Gravel, satisfactory

IATA & ICAO codes HSMK Condition Water pools on runway during the rainy season

Runway Length (m) 1,860 Runway Width (m) 45

Orientation 01/19 Lighting No

Busy airport, used regularly by UNMIS, local flights, WFP. Frequency is 118.7 MHZ (07.00 – 18.30hrs). Caution: permanent lighted 50m tower erected 650m from runway 01 on approach line - UNMIS

Location Details

Region Southern Sudan Latitude N 09˚ 33‟ 32”

State Upper Nile Longitude E 031˚ 33‟ 32”

Town or City (closest) Malakal Elevation (ft) 1,290ft

Airfield Name Malakal Surface Asphalt

IATA & ICAO codes MAK & HSSM Condition Runway cracked in places



Traditionally important location on main road artery to the north. Road, air and water transport hub. Reasonably busy airport. Marsland and Sudan Airways frequent airlines. Parking very congested. Frequency is 118.2 MHZ. Pilots report dusty conditions due to rotor wash, lots of bird activity, people and livestock crossing the airfield.

Location Details

Region Southern Sudan Latitude N 07˚ 33‟ 32”

State Western Bahr el Ghazal Longitude E 27˚ 59‟ 00”

Town or City (closest) Wau Elevation (ft) 1,533

Airfield Name Wau Surface Gravel

IATA & ICAO codes WUU & HSWW Condition First and last 100m of runway unusable



In addition there are 40 airfield or airstrips currently called by UNHAS flights.

List of Airfields in Southern Sudan (Source: UNHAS)

No Name TYPE OF AIRCRAFT USED Comments/Restrictions

1 AKAK C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 No Go when wet

2 AKOC C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 Landing and take-off with minimum weight

3 ALEK C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 No Go when wet

4 AYOD C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

5 AWEIL C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-5

6 AGOK C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-5

7 AKOBO C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 C208B: maximum 07 pax on take-off

8 BOR C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-5

9 BOMA C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 PAC 750: maximum 06 pax on take-off

10 DAMAZINE C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

11 DUK PADIET C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

12 GANYIEL C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 C208B: maximum 04 pax on take-off

13 GOK MACHAR C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

14 JUBA DHC-8, IL-76, BOEING 737, etc.

15 KAJO KEJI C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 C208B: maximum 06 pax on take-off

16 KAUDA C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

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17 KAPOETA C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

18 LANKIEN C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

19 LEER C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

20 LOKIGHOGGIO C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-8, etc.

21 MABIOR C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

22 MALAKAL C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-8, etc.

23 MALUALKON C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

24 MARIAL C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

25 MAPEL C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

26 NIMULE C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

27 PAGAK C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 No Go when wet; C208 maximum 06 on take-of

28 PIERI C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

29 POCHALLA C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

30 RAGA C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 Payload restricted to 8 pax on take-off and landing

31 RUBKONA C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

32 RUMBEK C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-8, etc.

33 TONJ C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

34 TURALEI C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 Restricted payload

35 THARJAT C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

36 WALGAK C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 C208B: 5 pax max take-off

37 WAU C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-8

38 WAAT C-208, PAC750, DHC-6 Payload restricted to 6 pax for C208B and Pac 750

39 YAMBIO C-208, PAC750, DHC-6, DHC-8 DHC-8 PAYLOAD IS RESTRICTED TO 21 PAX

40 YEI C-208, PAC750, DHC-6

Type of Aircraft Name Max Payload for UNHAS Comments

DHC-5 BUFFALO 7,000 KGS NOT IN UNHAS FLEET

DHC-6 TWIN-OTTER 15 PAX NOT IN UNHAS FLEET

DHC-8 100 DHC-8 100 SERIES 37 PAX

DHC-8 300 DHC-8 300 SERIES 50 PAX

C-208 CESNA CARAVAN 10 PAX

PAC750 PAC750 8 PAX

- See Annex 3: Maps for Airfields Map -


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2.3. Road Assessment

2.3.1. Roads Overview

Ministry in Charge Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Ministry of Roads and Transport Name: Anthony Lino Makana Title: Minister for Roads & Transport Email: [email protected]

+256 714 09 474 +249 955 155 555 +256 477 145 209

Ministry of Roads and Transport Name: Jacob Marial Title: Undersecretary

+256 477 104 451

2.3.2. Road Construction / Maintenance

There are various organizations involved in construction of roads in Southern Sudan. The WFP Emergency Roads Programme has been constructing roads since 2003. It is due to be phased out in August 2011 when the assets will be transferred to the Ministry. A feeder road special operation is planned, but not yet implemented. UNOPS has also been involved in road construction on the road to Yambio in Western Equatoria. USAID is heavily involved in the surfacing of the Juba - Nimule road through its implementing agent Louis Berger. ABMC is a local Southern Sudanese company doing small-scale tarmac work around Juba. Pay II was another Sudanese operation involved in road construction and there is EYAT Company with many contracts to construct several roads in Southern Sudan (www.eyatoil.com). They are from Khartoum and part of the DAL Corporation. Louis Berger has built seven bridges on the Juba –Nimule road and is tasked with bitumen surfacing the 192 km section. They are using three subcontractors, one of whom is EYAT. In addition, there is an MOU with the Ugandan Roads Authority to have L Berger construct the bridge at Nimule. At the time of writing, Civicon are probably the contractor doing the most individual projects – Juba-Bor (WFP), Eso (UNOPS) and Rumbek – Tonj (WFP). Road maintenance remains challenging. A road is constructed, opened and then subjected to the wear and tear associated with massively overloaded trucks, but there is limited budgetary provision for road maintenance.

2.3.3. Road Classification

For this LCA, primary roads are those roads which have been built or rehabilitated and which allow long distance trucking to reach the main centres of population.

Classification Road Description

Class: Primary gravel all weather 5,000 km

Class: Primary gravel dry season 5,000 km

Class: other tracks dry season only 90,000 km

2.3.4. Road Inventory

The Southern Sudanese road network has improved hugely in the last five years. Rate of construction/rehabilitation is seen as slow but the improvement in road conditions and therefore the ability to get a loaded truck from A to B has seen tremendous change. In 2007, it would take a truck three weeks to go from Juba to Wau carrying a 25 ton load in the wet season; the same truck today will take one week.

Classification Administering Agency Network Length

Primary, gravel, all weather DG for Roads, MoR&T Ca 5,000 km

Primary, gravel, dry season DG for Roads, MoR&T Ca 5,000 km

Other roads/tracks Under Min of R&T but un-administered

Ca 90,0000 km

2.3.5. Distance Matrix

Visit www.logcluster.org/sudan for an updated distance matrix. Below distances ex Juba below are from WFP data sources. All NE of Juba have been taken via Mundri and not Yei:


http://www.eyatoil.com/

http://www.logcluster.org/sudan

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Distances km

Awiel 796

Bentiu 1,345

Bor 220

Nimule 196

Rumbek 419

Wau 640

Yambio 530

Yei 155

2.3.6. Road Security

Security

Good Marginal Bad

2.3.7. Weighbridges

There are no weighbridges operating currently in Southern Sudan.

2.3.8. Axle Load Limits

There are no axle load limits in Southern Sudan and no way of checking and therefore enforcing axle load limits. However given that all sea borne loads need to come through Mombasa, organizations operating in Sudan should pay attention to latest developments of the Kenyan Authorities. They are currently gearing up to stop the practice of overloaded trailers and as an example, Mombasa to Loki and Malaba in Kenya will be subject to a total load weight of 28mt (Cap 403, Laws of Kenyan, and Traffic Act). Historically, load limits could be bypassed by transporting through Uganda, but it will become increasingly expensive for the transporter. Uganda is a member of COMESA where same limits apply.

Gross Vehicle Weights (GWV) Sudan Uganda Kenya

Truck with 2 axles No limit 16,000 16,000

Truck with 3 axles No limit 22,000 22,000

Truck with 4 axles No limit 28000 28,000

Semi-trailer with 3 axles No limit 26,000 26,000




Truck & drawbar trailer with 4 axles No limit 34,000 34,000




2.3.9. Bridges

There are literally hundreds of bridges in Southern Sudan. The flat nature of the region and the amount of surface level water make bridges a necessity. The majority of bridges were built pre 1980 with repairs necessary in many locations (bridges longer than 40 meters are listed below).

- See Annex 3: Maps for Bridges > 40 meters Map -

Various actors are engaged in the repair and reconstruction of bridges. Through the Roads and Bridges project WFP has been repairing bridges to facilitate the movement of itc cargoes since 2006. USAID has sponsored the construction of seven bridges on the main Nimule - Juba road as part of their infrastructure improvement programme. The Ministry of Transport has also undertaken various spot bridge repairs through their own funds.

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Bridges above 40m Length in Southern Sudan

State Location Type Base

Material Surface Passability Damage

Max Load MT

Width Span Remarks

CES Kit Bridge Bailey Steel Steel Open 29 3.0

55.0

CES Aswa Bridge

Truss Steel Wood Open 24 3.0

76.0

CES Achwa Bridge

Bailey Steel Wood Open 4.0

60.0

CES Nyarejebe Bridge

Bailey Steel Steel Open Appears Damaged

4.0

40.0

CES Juba Bridge

Bailey Steel Steel Restricted Damaged 45 10.0

100.0

checkpoint limits traffic and weight

CES Juba-Mogri road

Beam/ Arch

Stone Steel Open Appears intact

5.3

65.5

CES Kolye Bridge Steel Gravel Open Appears intact

3.7

100.0

EES Kidepo River Bridge

Beam/ Arch

Open Appears Intact

-

40.0

EES Torit-Lafon

Open Appears intact

5.0

41.0

Bridge Loronyo_1 is 38 km frmTorit

EES Kalla steel Open Appears intact

40 8.0

100.0 Baily type bridge-old one

Lakes Yirol Bridge

Bailey Steel Steel Open Appears Intact

40 -

80.0

Lakes Gel River Bridge

Truss Concrete Steel Open Appears Intact

25 6.0

40.0

NBEG Alok Bridge

Beam/ Arch

Concrete Steel Riverbed Divert

Destroyed/ Collapsed

6.0

80.0

Sudanese Engineering Corps 1974-77

NBEG Wedweil Concrete steel 40 8.0

200.0 New Bridge 200m

NBEG Akuem Concrete steel 40 8.0

100.0

Brand new completed, 100m long

NBEG Albud Concrete steel 40 8.0

100.0 100m long

Warrap Tonj River Bridge

Beam/ Arch

Concrete Open Appears Intact

5.0

100.0


Warrap Aweng River

Causeway Dirt Dirt Dry Season Only

6.0

100.0 North South Route Report

WBEG Thar-Kueng Bridge

Beam/ Arch

Concrete Riverbed Divert


-

50.0 North South Route Report

WBEG Wau- Jur River

Beam/ Arch

Concrete Concrete Open Appears Intact

8.0

150.0

WBEG Getti River Bridge

Beam/ Arch

Concrete Steel Riverbed Divert


6.0

60.0


WBEG Bo River Beam/ Arch

Concrete Wood Restricted Destroyed/ Collapsed

4.0

40.0

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WBEG Bussere Beam/ Arch

Concrete Steel Restricted Appears Damaged

4.0

90.0

WBEG Wau-Raga

Bailey Concrete Appears damaged

3.0

40.0 KPONGO Bridge

WBEG Wau-Raga

Open Appears intact

-

40.0 NGOPONDI Stream

2.3.10. Transport Corridors

From the South, the main route for most transporters is the Nimule - Juba road. During heavy rains the Gumbo Bridge closes which can create large bottlenecks, still this remains the fastest route for tax exempted cargo. Transporters crossing at Kaya tend to be those with onward cargoes ex-Kenya/Uganda bound for Rumbek or Wau who wish to avoid paying state tax twice and do not wish to be delayed at the bottleneck at the Gumbo Bridge. The condition of the road also plays a significant role in the choice of corridor. The current USAID/Louis Berger project to put a permanent bitumen/stonechip surface on the 192kms of the Nimule – Juba road may result in more traffic on this route, further increasing the bottleneck at Gumbo Bridge. From Juba, staying on the eastern side of the Nile there is a reasonable road to Bor but thereafter road conditions disintegrate somewhat, especially in the wet season Pibor and Pochalla remain inaccessible for large periods. Approx.45 km north of Bor is the point where conventional trucks and 4x4s will stop. Ural trucks will make headway but these Russian military vehicles have a minimal payload and massive fuel consumption. It is a cost/benefit question. The traditional and historical corridor of Juba, Mundri, Rumbek, Wau and Aweil remains a transport route linking the north with the south. Road improvements (murram surfacing) have also meant that Wau to Bentiu and then North to Kadugli is currently a major corridor for fuel coming by tanker from El Obeid.

- See Annex 3: Maps for Transport Overview and Supply Corridors Map -

International Corridors leading to the region

Southern Sudan‟s private sector is mainly supplied through the Port of Mombasa, Kenya. Goods bound for Southern Sudan ex-Kenya traditionally went through the Kenyan/Sudanese border at Lokichoggio but road conditions in Northern Kenya are poor and transporters prefer to use the transit route through Uganda which has metalled roads until the Ugandan/Sudanese border crossings. Another consideration for transporters is also security, with the Loki- Nadapal route enjoying a poor reputation in this department. In terms of cost, the most effective corridor for goods is to enter at Port Sudan and truck the cargoes to Kosti and Rabak where they can interlink with the river transport capacity. There are some limiting factors to this - especially time and delays while waiting to load cargoes onto barges and then the subsequent travel time involved. In the past two years, there has been an increase in the amount of goods brought from Northern Sudan as road conditions have improved in Warrup State, connecting Southern and Northern Sudan; albeit through some circuitous routes. Some market trade goods are now entering via this route, mainly during the dry season.

Main Corridors within the Region (leading to main towns / hubs)

Southern Sudan‟s original planned capital was Rumbek. It was a central location between what was seen as the northern and southern borders of Southern Sudan. It is therefore not surprising that there is an established road corridor joining Rumbek to Juba and points south as well as to Wau/Awiel and points north. Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents

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2.4. Railway Assessment

2.4.1. Management / Consortium

Southern Sudan has no railways of its own. There is a Director General of Railways within the GoSS Ministry of Roads & Transport but the position is more concerned with planning for future developments than the management of any current assets.

Entity(s) in Charge Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Ministry of Roads & Transport Name: L Nhial Bol Title: Director General of Railways

Tel: Fax:

The Minister for Roads & Transport has plans but lacks funding. The DG is mainly involved with planning and feasibility studies

2.4.2. Railway Overview

At the time of writing, the only track existing in Southern Sudan is the extension of the Republic of Sudan rail system into Wau, but currently not used for larger cargo consignments. The Minister for Roads and Transport Anthony Lino Makana has stated a desire to extend the Ugandan railway from Gulu to Juba but this is a long way off. A feasibility study has been commissioned on the task by the Government of National Unity in Khartoum.

- See Annex 3: Maps for River-Rail Network Map -


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2.5 Waterways Assessment

2.5.1 Waterways Overview

Southern Sudan controls the southern portion of the White Nile. From Juba, a barge or ship can travel the 1,436 km to Kosti passing the main ports of Mangalla, Bor, Shambi, Malakal and Renk.

- See Annex 3: Maps for River-Rail Network Map -

During the rainy season, the Nile is the only reliable transport link between the south and central areas of Southern Sudan. Although navigable all year round, the Nile itself is not a constant and rises and falls with the rainy season. Commercial operators will load vessels according to seasonal draft and clearance requirements. In addition, the Nile affords access to points east and west of the main river through connections with its tributaries. These rivers are regarded as accessible only during the rainy season but during this period; most roads will be impassable making the river corridors vital to the supply of populations in these areas. For example, before the first civil war, flat bottomed paddle wheeled boats supported the Ethiopian coffee export trade by operating out of Malakal along the Sobat River during the rainy season. Unfortunately, these trade routes were never fully re-developed after the first peace accord. It should be noted that the tributaries may or may not be navigable depending on the amount of water hyacinth in the river. In 2008, the River Transport Company (RTC) which was owned by GoS was sold to a Kuwaiti company indicating a major shift in policy and thereby liberalizing the market for water borne transportation. Two new companies were formed from the old RTC; SRTC (Sudan River Transport Company) and NRTC (New River Transport Company). Although two companies on paper in the North, both companies are located in the same office in Khartoum and are represented in Juba by Southern Sudan Trans-Nile Co (SSTC). The above mentioned liberalization allowed for other players to enter the market. Keer Marine and Tristar are examples of the significant changes quietly taking place in the sector. Tristar is part of the massive Agility group and exclusively involved in fuel import and distribution for UNMIS. Keer Marine is an Egyptian owned public limited company. Both companies are investing heavily in new pushers and barges with GPS navigation systems and Jetdrive propulsion – this stops the dependence on propeller driven barges and therefore means that the pusher can operate with full barges in as little as 1m of water, meaning full loads cane be carried on the Nile all year round. The companies that operate from Juba north to Kosti/Rabak and back are shown on a spreadsheet of capacities, capabilities and contacts below.

2.5.2 River and/or Lake Port Assessment

The table below gives an overview of operators and capacities for the major players in commercial shipping on the White Nile.

Supplier Fleet size and vessel

types

Cargo vessel Capacity

mt

Cargo capacity

mt

Maximum Passenger

capacity

Principle Ports of call

Private Port

Ownership

NRTC

71 vessels: 13 pushers 8 passenger 50 barges (cargo, flat top, fuel & mixed)

Pushers - 2,000 General Cargo and Flat Top - 500 Fuel - 300

50,000

mt

1,600 pax

Kosti, Renk, Malakal, Shambe, Bor

Kosti. Additional new facilities planned for Southern Sudan

SRTC

28 vessels: 8 pushers 18 barges 2 passengers

Pushers -1,200 General Cargo & Flat Top - 600 - 900 Fuel - 300 Super Barge 1,000

22,200

mt

600 pax


Kosti. Additional new facilities planned for Southern Sudan

KEER-MISC/KEER Marine

18 vessels: 2 pushers 2 fuel 4 flat top 5 general

Pushers 1,800 pushing capacity; General Cargo - 450 Flat Top - 400

10,000

mt

-


Rabak New port planned for Mangalla

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Supplier Fleet size and vessel

types

Cargo vessel Capacity

mt

Cargo capacity

mt

Maximum Passenger

capacity

Principle Ports of call

Private Port

Ownership

Fuel - 300

Agility Logistics/ Tri-Star

2 vessels: 2 fuel barge 1 pusher

Each fuel barge - 500 mt

1,000

mt

-

Kosti, Malakal, Bor, Juba

Kosti, Bor and Juba facilities under development

Sernum Fisheries Cooperative Society

27 river boats

10 boats - 10 9 boats - 15 5 boats - 20 2 boats - 30

395 mt

-

Malakal, Shambe, Bor, Juba

None

Mohamed Khamis

10 river boats

4 boats - 11 3 boats - 15 2 boats - 20 1 boat - 25

154 mt -

Malakal, Shambe, Bor, Juba

None

Talha Elyas Babiker

2 vessels: 1 pusher 1 barge

Pusher - 600 pushing capacity Barge - 500

500 mt

-

Kosti, Malakal

None

Shankin for Trading and Investment Ltd

8 vessels: 3 pushers 5 barges

Pushers - 600 pushing capacity; Barge - 210

1,050 mt

- Kosti, Malakal, Bor, Juba

None

Standard operating procedures apply to all of the above. The size and content of the load and it needs to be quantified in mt or cubic meters if it is a bulk, low density cargo. Operators will not insure cargo – the boats are insured but the cargo is not, the ownership of the cargo remains with consignor. Extra certification of certain cargo types – eg medicines. Operators may ask for a certification of certain cargoes to assist with passage through the various checkpoints on the river. Operators have their own onboard security personnel. Permission to place external security teams on vessels must be requested. Waterway Developments

In the area of transportation, the White Nile represents huge potential. Traditionally the river boat operation has been a state run operation controlled vaguely by the Government in Khartoum. With the arrival of tightly managed, high tech operations like Tristar and Keer this heralds the start of a new phase for the waterways of Southern Sudan. Both operators have new pushers, new barges and managers who know how to optimize operations. GPS tracking, on deck CCTV, pilot house CCTV and mechanized handling systems are either already in place or introduced by end 2010. This upsurge in efficiency has been noted by the other players who may also re-equip and invest in their fleet. The alternative now being discussed with the DG of River Transport is to develop the port of Mangalla. This was a port during the colonial period; it is flat with good access and would not need much investment to become a functioning port. Keer and Tristar could drop barges at this location and a second pusher would then operate the Mangalla-Juba-Mangalla cycle. This would allow cargo to come from Rabak to Juba in 10 days and return in 6. Keer also intend to bring in own crane, forklift, pallets, pallet stackers, and pallet wrappers before the end of 2010. This would effectively integrate the handling process into the waterways transportation business and a barge could be unloaded in half a day. To the humanitarian community, these developments are very encouraging and most welcome. Large amounts of food assistance are transported by barge. Knowing the exact location of a cargo and being able to factor that information into the tracking and stock systems would also be a great leap forward. The main ports along the 1,463kms of the White Nile are detailed below. Constraints and capacities are listed and a small note on the operations of each port is included.

2.5.3 Malakal Port


Port Name Malakal Port

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Port Operating Company GoSS Ministry of Roads and Transport

Contact Mr. Abdenego Mabior, Port Manager

Mob +249 0111851813

Port Details

Name Malakal Latitude N 09º 31‟ 35.00”

Province / District Upper Nile Longitude E 31º 39‟ 02.00”

Town or City (closest) Malakal Lifting Equipment No, commercial crane

Jetty for docking Yes Porters Yes

Port for docking No Throughput 3 barges per day

Warehousing None Fuel Availability Yes

Malakal Port has a concrete pier of approx 300 m in length. Docking is not an issue and there is little or no silting. Large and small vessels can dock all year. It is a very simple but effective port with little in the way of amenities. Barges are unloaded by porters but mobile cranes are available from private operators. The porters are organized and unloading/loading fees must be negotiated but fees are generally less than at Juba. Fuel is available at the port from a privately owned facility – total capacity is said to be 60,000 litres diesel and 60,000 litres petrol. Malakal is an important port due to its geographical location. Humanitarian goods offloaded at Malakal can be trans-shipped onto smaller vessels which can then use the White Nile tributaries to reach points east and west of the main river.

The Sobat corridor – stretches between Malakal and Nassir;

The Zeraf River – this route is seasonal and is subject to blockage by water hyacinth and silt;

The River Bahr el Ghazal route – reaches from Malakal to Bentiu;

The River Jur – can extend up to Wau.

2.5.4 Shambe Port


Port Name Shambe Port



Port Details

Name Shambe Latitude N 07º 06‟ 24.00”

Province / District Jonglei Longitude E 30º 46‟ 25.00”

Town or City (closest) Shambe Lifting Equipment No, commercial crane

Jetty for docking Yes Porters Yes

Port for docking No Throughput 1 barge per day

Warehousing None Fuel Availability No

A strategically important port as it allows access to areas of Lakes, Warrap and Unity States which are not easily connected from Juba by road. The jetty is an old British colonial concrete construction and quite sturdy. Access to the port is hampered by shallows caused by silting, large barges can only dock in the wet season but smaller vessels have year round access

2.5.5 Bor Port


Port Name Bor Port



Port Details

Name Bor Latitude N 06º 12‟ 14.00”

Province / District Jonglei Longitude E 31º 33‟ 13.00”

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Town or City (closest) Bor Lifting Equipment No, commercial crane

Jetty for docking No Porters Yes


Warehousing Yes – private Fuel Availability No

Bor is similar to Juba in that it is simply a river bank where barges can tie up and offload. There is no official warehousing and no mechanized lifting equipment but both are available from private contractors on request. Porters are available and a Porters‟ Union representative is on hand. Various oil exploration ventures have used Bor Port for offloading without problems so large vessels can dock here all year round

2.5.6 Renk Port


Port Name Renk Port



Port Details

Name Renk Latitude N 11º 48‟ 53.00”

Province / District Upper Nile Longitude E 32º 46‟ 02.00”

Town or City (closest) Bor Lifting Equipment Yes - private

Jetty for docking Yes Porters Yes 00


Warehousing Yes – private Fuel Availability No

Renk is a small port with a purpose built jetty. The structure of the jetty somewhat run down but it can be used.

Large barges can dock all year round and there is no problem with draft.

Like Bor, storage facilities are available but held by private/commercial agents.

Lifting equipment is also available but owned by private individuals

Detailed assessment of White Nile River transport at following link http://www.logcluster.org/ops/sudan/white_nile_river_cargo_transport_assessment/view


http://www.logcluster.org/ops/sudan/white_nile_river_cargo_transport_assessment/view

LCA – Southern Sudan 2010

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2.6 Storage Assessment 1

2.6.1 Storage Overview

There is a lack of fixed storage facilities in Southern Sudan except for Juba. Therefore, most of the storage capacity in all the ten states of Southern Sudan is provided by mobile storage tents.

2.6.2 Commercial Storage

Location Owner Avail.

for Rent

Capacity mt / m² /

m³ Type

2

Access 3

Condition 4

Contact

Juba

Warehousing Logistics Company Limited

Yes

13 acres of open storage, fenced

with security

2,200 m² Rubb Halls available for rent, 1 cold store Rubb Hall

Easy access

Good, clean compound

Keith Gardener +256 477 112 082 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Juba Worldwide Movers South Sudan Ltd

Yes 320 m² Metal, concrete warehouse

Access is difficult

Gravel floor

Ronald Mutesasira + 249 955 111 167 [email protected]

Juba

RH & S Transporting & Investment Co. Ltd

Yes

Ahmed Saleh +249 913 040 859 +256 477 316 252 +882 166 996 0844 [email protected]

2.6.3 Storage used by Humanitarian Organizations

- See Annex 3: Maps for Warehouse Locations Map -

2.6.4 Public Sector Storage

N/A

2.6.5 Cold Chain

There is one major cold chain storage warehouse in Juba which is on permanent and exclusive contract to UNMIS. Individual reefer containers can be hired with independent donkey engines but no large-scale commercial cold storage is available. Keer Marine will have 2 x 40ft reefer containers available for hire by the end of 2010. These can be positioned at Juba or can be placed on board barges for cold store transport.

Location Organisation

/ Owner Type

5

Cooling / Power

6

Quantity Total Capacity

m³ Condition

Juba ES KO Rubb Hall 25˚ 768 m² Good, UNMIS only


1 For Labour Costs, Pesticides and Fumigants, see Chapter 4 Logistics Services

2 Warehouse Type: Open storage, container, rub-hall, silo, concrete, other, unspecified

3 Warehouse Access: Raised-siding, flat

4 Warehouse condition: Appears intact, appears damaged, under construction/repair

5 Cold Room Positive, Cold Room Negative, Refrigerator, Freezer,

6 Compression, Absorption, Solar, Other, unspecified








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2.7 Milling Assessment

2.7.1 Milling Overview

There is no single large scale mill in Southern Sudan. Milling is done by agricultural engine or tractor and is carried out on a subsistence basis. Local milling facilities are available at Juba at a rate of ca. 220 SDG/MT for Sorghum or 240 SDG/MT for Maize as of November 2010. Cleaning of cereal costs 40 SDG/MT. Maximum capacity is at 2.5 MT/day. In the northern part of Sudan and in the neighbouring countries Kenya and Uganda large scale milling facilities are available. Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents


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3 Logistics Services

3.1 Fuel

3.1.1 Fuel Overview

The supply of fuel is a critical component to logistics in Southern Sudan. Price fluctuations of diesel during 2008 were huge when the supply of diesel was unreliable. Since that time, suppliers with large storage capacity like Abiem have entered into the market and the supply of fuel has been stabilized and the current fuel price is between SDG 2.30 and 2.50 per litre. The majority of fuel transporters and suppliers contacted are buying fuel from the North of Sudan. The mode of transportation is with road tankers and barges competing at the same price per litre. The round trip from Juba to the collection point at El Obeid and back takes 45 days so suppliers need considerable lead times.

Fuel Authority & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Ministry of Energy & Mining, Parliament Road, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: William Ater Maciek Title: Undersecretary Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 927 951 102

The Ministry of Energy is the institution which issues the certificate allowing fuel suppliers to operate. The certificate costs US$ 5,000 and the representatives of the Ministry call in on a regular basis to check that the certificate is valid. Ministry representatives will check on average twice a year that the litre from the diesel pump is actually a litre. The Fire Department tends to follow the Ministry of Energy certificate issuance with the request for their particular annual licence fee of SDG 3,000. In addition, the Ministry of Energy requires a payment of SDG 9 for every 200L imported. There are representatives of the Ministry of Energy in most of the 10 states and the transporter must pay the tax if he declares intent to offload his cargo in that particular state. The states themselves also levy tax on fuel and transporters taking fuel from the North to Juba as they will be hit with tax invoices in the states which they transit. Diesel offloaded in Juba is also subject to Central Equatoria state tax which is SDG 12 per 200L or barrel.

3.1.2 Fuel Supply & Storage

The market for fuel is relatively transparent and there are few barriers to entry save for the high investment costs involved. There are two sources of fuel; El Obeid in the North of Sudan and Eldoret in Kenya. In theory, the cheapest source is from the north by barge but most fuel importers maintain a small percentage of sourcing from Kenya. Storage is controlled by the distributors and their retailers. All importers will retail fuel and even the Southern Sudanese Company Abiem which has a mainly wholesale function will retail.

3.1.3 Fuel Marketing & Local Distribution

Major Distributor & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Hass Petroleum Ltd Sudan Airways Cargo Building Hai Suk, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Yahya Hassan Yusuf Email: [email protected] Web: www.hasspetroleum.com

Tel: +256 477 255 738


Tristar/Agility Name: Preem Kumar Title: Area General Manager

Tel: +249 912 322 638

Tristar is exclusively involved in the sale and distribution of fuel to UNMIS. They have a 6 x 500,000 litre tanks on the UNMIS compound, 50% of which is petrol and 50% is diesel. Supply is sourced mainly from the Republic of Sudan by barge and road tanker. A small percentage is imported from Kenya.

Major Distributor & Address Telephone & Fax

Imaton Gas, Hai Malakal, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Warile Benjamin Email: [email protected]


Dalbit International Ltd (Kush) UNMIS Entrance Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Peter Otheno Title: Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 125 613



http://www.hasspetroleum.com/




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Kush petroleum is a fuel supplier and retailer in Southern Sudan. The parent company is the Nairobi based Dalbit International Ltd which has fuel distribution operations throughout Central and Eastern Africa. In Southern Sudan, the company has operations in Juba, Wau and Rumbek. Kush is primarily a supplier of Jet A1 to the aviation industry and also provides diesel to PAE, USAID, and Southern Sudan Breweries.


Petrocity Enterprises Ltd, Plot 531, Airport-Ministries Road Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Title: Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 909 025 922

Petrocity is a rapidly growing Indian company providing diesel, petrol and gas in Southern Sudan and Kenya and have 14 retail locations in Southern Sudan.

3.1.4 Fuel Pricing

Fuel pricing in Southern Sudan is controlled by the market and the components of the fuel price are simple. Fuel sourced in El Obeid is relatively cheap; add to this the price of transport and the various taxes which are levied by the States through which the fuel passes, plus the tax levied by the Ministry of Energy and the tax levied by the State where the fuel is to be sold, plus a small operating margin. Supply also exceeds demand when the roads are dry so there is a dumping element which keeps the fuel price down. Road tankers can be found on the main approaches to major towns and agents will sell tankers of fuel at the best possible price. Supply is affected by the road conditions during the rainy season and therefore the price at the pump rises. In reality, there is adequate capacity and suppliers will bunker fuel prior to the onset of the wet season.

Fuel Prices as of: Sept 2010

Petrol (per litre) SDG 3.50/L

Diesel (per litre) SDG 2.50 /L

Paraffin (per litre) See below

The demand for paraffin is not high and hence there is little supply. It is chiefly used as a cooking fuel but it is not widely used in Southern Sudan as in other parts of Eastern Africa. The Southern Sudanese tend to cook using charcoal and wood fires and there is little interest for paraffin cookers which may be due to the fact that wood is readily available and paraffin is a fuel which would require transportation on seasonally affected roads.

3.1.5 Fuel Supply

The vast majority of fuel is coming in from Northern Sudan. There are transporters with capacity to transport fuel from Kenya and Uganda but current demand is low due to the very competitive price of fuel delivered from the North by road and by barge from Kosti. In the event of increased tension between North and South, fuel supply lines from the North may be affected and will have to come from Kenya and Uganda. Fuel from these nations will be more expensive as neither country has the refining capacity to meet Southern Sudan needs in addition to their own. Also, any local disturbances along these routes could create dire economic conditions in Southern Sudan.

3.1.6 Fuel Demand

Demand

Local Supply

Local Supply (domestic refinery production and imports combined) meet the needs of GoSS for aviation and ground fuel.

T-Alpha is the company/organization which imports the majority of the fuel for the SPLA.

Fuel is currently imported by barge from the North of Sudan in quantities of approximately 600 to 800,000 litres.

Frequency could not be accurately forecast and further info was not forthcoming.

Fuel storage tanks on the Yei Road are thought to belong to GoSS/SPLA and have a capacity 500,000 litres

Seasonal Variations

Seasonal Variations

The demand for fuel rises and falls according to rain or dry seasons. It was traditionally the case that the economy



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slowed down completely in the wet season when the roads became totally impassable. Demand for fuel was driven by the road transport sector which could not operate in wet conditions, therefore goods could not be transported to consumer markets and the economy hibernated for 3 to 4 months. Investment in road improvements, the rehabilitation of bridges and a general drive to improve the roads infrastructure has meant that the main cities are now reachable even in the middle of the wet season. With the improvement of the all weather nature of some roads, so the demand for fuel remains more constant through the year.

Are there national priorities in the availability of fuel? Yes

Is there a rationing system? No

Is fuel to lower income/vulnerable groups subsidized? No

Can the local industry expand fuel supply to meet humanitarian needs? Yes

The answer to this question revolves around the demand patterns of the humanitarian sector. A sudden, massive prolonged surge in demand would be problematic and given the length of the supply chain, it is highly unlikely that Southern Sudanese fuel suppliers would be able to react rapidly enough to meet the surge in demand. There would be a delay factor but there are substantial amounts of fuel in storage in Southern Sudan. Fuel traders in Southern Sudan suggest that they will always charge what the market will bear price hikes are inevitable Fresh fuel supplies would need to come from Eldoret, Kenya or El Obeid or the North of Sudan.

Is it possible for a humanitarian organization to contract directly a reputable supplier/distributor to provide its fuel needs?

Yes

UN International Organisations NGO‟s

3.1.7 Fuel Transportation

Transportation

How is internal transportation of fuel products carried out?

Fuel is imported from the North of Sudan by barge and road and also from Uganda/Kenya by road tanker

Is the transportation infrastructure and fleet sufficient to handle current domestic needs as well as increased demand from the humanitarian community?

Yes, capacity is sufficient if the status quo remains. If there is a problem between the two Sudans and the movement of trucks and barges is constrained, there will be capacity shortfalls

3.1.8 Standards, Quality & Testing

Control of standards and quality in the Southern Sudanese fuel industry is not strongly enforced yet, but the representatives of the Ministry of Energy and Mining visit and test pump measurement calibration. Some suppliers have installed their own filters and fire-fighting equipment. The recognized fuel supply professionals are Tristar who have the UNMIS contract both for diesel and Jet A1. Tristar are running training programmes for the Ministry of Commerce and Industry to establish standards and QC for GoSS ministry personnel.

Industry Control Measures

Tanks with adequate protection against water mixing with the fuel Few

Filters in the system, monitors where fuel is loaded into aircraft Yes

Adequate epoxy coating of tanks on trucks No

Presence of suitable fire fighting equipment Yes

Standards Authority

Is there a national or regional standards authority? Yes

If yes, are the standards adequate/properly enforced? No

Testing Laboratories

Are there national testing laboratories? No



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3.2 Transporters

3.2.1 Transport Market Overview (trucking)

Pre 2005, there were very few trucking operations in Southern Sudan. The early operators worked according to the climatic conditions, during the 6 month dry season they were very busy with high dollar contracts and then minimal, maintenance work during the wet season. By 2007, Juba was on a growth spurt and the demand for construction items and heavy machinery had attracted long distance trucking operations into the market. Demand still exceeded supply but major players such as SDV, Interfreight, Civicon and Fastrak were offering full service transportation – loading, clearing, tracking, warehousing and running their own fleets from Juba carrying cargoes from Mombasa to Juba, Rumbek and Wau. These companies have all changed tactics. The arrival of the Kenya-based Somali trucking contractors in the market has changed the trucking environment. They are profit oriented and control or have access to vast numbers of trucks. It makes sense for Interfreight to offer a logistics management service and use the Kenya-based Somalis for the trucking aspect – Interfreight retain the client base but do not have the expense of maintaining a fleet Civicon has changed focus and is now building roads and using its fleet to shift aggregate and machinery for this purpose. Their trucks are suited to poor road conditions and the construction environment so they can still be called upon to move humanitarian cargoes around Southern Sudan.

Kenya-based Somali transporters are primarily businessmen. They will continue to support the humanitarian community if there is sufficient profit. The current 28 mt limit coming through Kenya affects their profits but within Southern Sudan these limits are not yet enforced.

3.2.2 Transporters

Below mentioned selected transporters give an indication of availability. For further contacts please consult supplier/transporter lists on www.logcluster.org.

Trojan Enterprises Ltd

Address Trojan Enterprises Ltd

Contact Person Business Shire Matan Cell +249 955 141 465

Contact Person Operations Abdi Farah Cell

Email [email protected]

Fleet

Vehicle Types Number Capacity per vehicle

type Total Capacity (No x capacity)

Condition

6x4 truck 13 22 286

6x6 truck 12 9 108

Truck & trailer 45 32 1,440

Total Fleet Capacity (mt) 1,834

Full service transporter carrying any cargo anywhere, above capacity reflects fleet for Southern Sudan and can be augmented with sub-contractors if required up to 10,000 mt.

Regional Road Transporters Ltd

Address Regional Road Transporters Ltd

Contact Person Business Hussein Farah Cell +249 955 327 997

Contact Person Operations Sulieman Cell +254 722 819 998


Fleet



Condition

Scania,Volvo, Actros 15 40 mt 600 Good

Scania, Actros 15 40 mt 600 Good




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Total Fleet Capacity (mt) 1,200 mt

Theoretically 1,200 mt, however this is with a heavy load and road conditions are perfect, 28mt is the limit coming through Kenya.

Awale Transporters Ltd

Address: Awale Transporters Ltd

Contact Person Abdi J Awale Cell +249 955 120 744

Telephone: + 254 20 205 3425 Fax

Email: [email protected]

Fleet



Condition

Rigid & trailer 10 40 mt 400 mt Good

Semi trailer 5 40 mt 200 mt Good

Total Fleet Capacity (mt) 600 mt

Fleet total is 600mt, vehicles in good repair, MB 2628, Actros and Iveco Eurotrakker

Truck Oil Ltd

Address Truck Oil Ltd

Contact Person Business Carrie MacDonald Cell +249 955 405 646

Contact Person Operations Eddie Cell +256 773 891 888


Fleet



Condition

MAN KAT 8x8 2 15 mt 30 Trucks are not new

but functional

MAN KAT 6x6 33 10 330

Volvo,ERF 8x4 8 10 80

Total Fleet Capacity (mt) 1,045

In addition, trailers for trucks above: 23 x 2axle @10t, 25 x 3axle@ 15t = 685 mt

Interfreight

Address Interfreight, Juba Office, Nimira Telata

Contact Person Mr. Ravi Cell +249 122 090 320

Telephone +249 018 346 8700 (Khartoum)


Uses sub contractors for actual transport

Shibli Enterprises Ltd

Address Shibli Enterprises Ltd

Contact Person Hassan Gulied Cell +249 955 446 332


Ilays Trading and Transporters Ltd

Address Ilays Trading and Transporters Ltd

Contact Person Abdulkarim Cell +249 955 338 847





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Bomak Traders Ltd

Address Bomak Traders Ltd

Contact Person Charles Cell +249 955 380 626


EL Sadig Gumma Mohamed

Address El Sadig Gumma Mohamed

Contact Person Nabil Cell +249 918 129 531


Jodak Trading & investment Co Ltd

Address Jodak Trading & investment Co Ltd

Contact Person John Chol Cell +249 126 059 704


Keer Transport and Contracting Ltd

Address Keer Transport and Contracting Ltd

Contact Person Surur Dantis, Frazer Philip Cell +249 121 799 852


Lol General Trading Co Ltd

Address Lol General Trading Co Ltd

Contact Person Abdulkarim Cell +249 955 338 847


Magedi Ltd Co

Address Magedi Ltd Co

Contact Person Clement Aturjong Cell +249 955 169 089


RH & S Transporting & Investment Co

Address RH & S Transporting & Investment Co

Contact Person Ahmed Al Hassan Cell +249 913 040 859


Tusmo Gen Trading Co

Address Tusmo Gen Trading Co

Contact Person Said Guhied Cell +249 955 363 715


Yar Alec Transport Co (YATCO)

Address Yar Alex Transport Co

Contact Person Business Oliver Majok Cell +249 918 010 999












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Aduar Enterprise Ltd

Address Aduar Enterprise Ltd

Contact Person Business Mayol Ngor Cell +249 955 273 220


3.3 Vehicle Rental

Car rental companies operate in Juba. Rental companies operating with 4x4 vehicles will want to know where you intend to go with the vehicle and it is advisable to check out a 4x4 properly before you accept it.

Rental Car Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Muthaiga Travel RA Office Complex, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Title: Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 155 574

Multi service company which has rental vehicles as part of its general travel services portfolio


MCAC Airport-Ministries Road, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Nyibil Title: Managing Director

Tel: +249 955 441 463

Southern Sudanese Company with 6 Prado Land Cruisers of varying ages


M&E Trading Co Ltd, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Eric Njiri Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 050 800

Specializes in 4x4 vehicles, see comments above

3.4 Taxi Companies

Leaving the airports, passengers will be flooded with offers of taxi services. Not all are taxi operators and there are no guidelines as to the cost of various destinations. Small motorcycles know as “boda bodas” are positioned to give individual passengers lifts; rates are negotiated. Vehicle taxis may have a foreign born driver with weak knowledge of the town.

Taxi Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Juba Interlink Services N/A Tel: +256 477 102 534

Taxi Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Robert Services N/A Tel: +256 477 105544

3.5 Freight Forwarding Agents

Transporters and Freight Forwarders differ in the scope of their capacities. A good freight forwarder should be able to do all of the paperwork on behalf of the customer and do all of the clearing as well as making arrangements with the transporter and physical transfer of the goods. Some of the companies listed below began in Southern Sudan as full service transporters with their own fleets but bad experiences waiting for payments have resulted in the fleets being re-located to more stable markets. Below mentioned selected freight forwarders give an indication of availability. For further contacts please consult supplier/transporter lists on www.logcluster.org.

Freight Forwarder & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Interfreight Southern Sudan Ltd Name: Ravi Title: General Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 957 102 908

Interfreight is one example of the above narrative. The trucking fleet was formerly based in Loki but lack of business






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has prompted a switch to sub-contractor trucking. Clearing, forwarding and logistics consulting remain in Juba. Well connected to the humanitarian community in Southern Sudan and experienced in all aspects of bringing cargoes.


Worldwide Movers Southern Sudan

Name: Ronald Title: General Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 111 167

A multi service provider who uses sub-contractors for operations. Own fleet consists of around 6 trucks chiefly for small scale moves around major towns, well connected to customs and local government and experienced in working for NGO‟s and UN agencies


Nile Shipping Forwarding & Clearance Company,

Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Sam Christopher Title: Snr Supervisor Email: [email protected]

Tel: +256 477 124 820


Just Freight Forwarders Co Ltd,

Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Wani Tom Sebit Title: General Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +256 447 114 992


Bright Sun Co Ltd,

Hai Malakal, Juba, Southern Sudan Name: Sam Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 003 321

Multi service provider; marketing and logistics including clearing and forwarding


SDV,

Tong Ping, behind US Consulate, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Francois Henepe Title: Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 912 362 367

Former full service transporter who has reduced capacity and now using sub-contractor trucking. Clearing agent, crane and core competencies still remain.

3.6 Handling Equipment

The logistics service supply chain is not well developed as segmentation in terms of services has not yet taken place. In addition, handling equipment is limited to the very basics such as forklifts, trolley jacks and perhaps racking systems. The capacity of the different operators may vary, price is initially high and negotiation is required.


Pasico Southern Sudan Hai Suk Juba Market

Email: [email protected]

Forklifts, pallet trucks, JCB‟s, small rollers


Gifco Ltd Airport Road, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Tariq Chehab Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 000 010

Multi service provider – handling equipment, trucks, transport, clearing agent etc


Skyline Contractors Airport Road, Juba

Forklifts, backhoes, small cranes, pick ups










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3.7 Electricity & Power

3.7.1 Electricity Overview

The primary energy source in Southern Sudan is combustible renewable and waste matter with petroleum making up the small remaining percentage. Plans are being developed for hydroelectric, solar and wind energy. The availably electrical power is almost entirely sourced from petroleum energy and is produced by means of Government power plants and small privately owned generators. Most of the State capitals now have some electrical power, commonly referred to as „City power‟. Its infrastructure consists of large electrical generator power plants and distribution systems. However, the electrical power coverage is generally limited to central areas, prioritised for local administration/government and local hospitals, and can be unreliable and inconsistent. A number of these power plants and associated infrastructure have been constructed in the last few years.

Main Producer / Distributor Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Southern Sudan Electricity Corporation

Name: Ajuai Choi Majot Title: General Manager

3.7.2 Electricity Generation and supply

Electricity is generated from liquid petroleum in Government power plants or privately owned generators. The most recently commissioned power plants and electrical distribution systems are in Wau, Bor and Yambio. Rumbek will be the next town to come online in 2011. The power production plant for Juba has been greatly improved in terms of efficiency but still coverage of the town is only partial with priority being given to government ministries and the hospital. Malakal has good coverage through large functioning diesel generators. Each major organization has its own generator back up and small portable generators are common now in shops and smaller enterprises.

Production Unit Type 7 Installed Capacity (MW)

Current Production (MW)

Electromechanical generators

Petroleum

Imported Electricity Details N/A

3.7.3 Distribution

Distribution is localized and restricted to the major cities which are also the state capitals and some large key towns. The distribution within these locations is limited to central areas and primarily for local administration/government and local hospitals.

Power Stability

Power grid / network coverage Minimal

Is supply regular and constant throughout the region? No

Please describe Major towns have state generated power to run local government and hospitals

On average, how often does power supply go out? Varies according to city/town

On average, how long does the outage last? See above

7 E.g. Hydroelectric power, Thermal power


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3.8 Manual Labour Costs

Southern Sudan is traditionally seen as somewhere to make money. Migrant labour has flocked in from Uganda, Kenya, CAR and DRC to capitalize on this demand. Given that prices for accommodation and food are unreasonably high by African standards it is not surprising that the price of labour is substantially higher than in the surrounding countries.

Type of labour Price in SDG per day as of November 2010

Daily general worker (unskilled casual worker) 20 – 25 SDG per day

Daily general worker (semi-skilled) 30 SDG

Skilled labour 40 SDG

3.9 Telecommunications

3.9.1 Overview

Telephone Services

Is there an existing landline telephone network? No

Does it allow international calls? No

On average, number and length of downtime periods Continual

Mobile phone providers (4) Gemtel, MTN, Vivacell, Zain, Sudani

GPRS providers All of above support GPRS, but Edge, 3 and 3.5 etc rare

Estimated availability and coverage In major towns and cities

Procedure to obtain subscription Prepaid is readily available in major towns, maximum cost for a SIM card is SDG 10.

Internet Service Providers

Are there ISPs available? Yes

Name Zain, MTN (using MDSL modem)

Private or Government Private

Dial-up only (Y/N) N/A

Approximate Rates Dial-up:

Broadband: 128kbps

Max leasable „dedicated‟ bandwidth N/A

3.9.2 ISP Providers


Zain Ltd, Tongping, Juba Tel: +249 912324540

MTN, Hai Suk ( Juba Town), Juba Email: [email protected] Tel: +249 9 22904020

Services: MDSL modem for Internet service.

3.9.3 Telecommunications Regulations

Regulations

Regulations on usage or import of: Yes / No Regulating Authority

Satellite Yes Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (MoPT)

HF Radio Yes MoPT

UHF/VHF/HF radio: handheld, base and mobile Yes MoPT



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UHF/VHF repeaters Yes MoPT

GPS No

VSAT Yes MoPT

Individual Network Operator Licenses: N/A Frequency Licenses: N/A

3.9.4 Existing Humanitarian Telecoms Systems

Existing UN Telecommunication Systems

Organisations UNDP WFP UNHCR UNDSS UNICEF OCHA

VHF frequencies N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A No

HF frequencies N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A No

Repeaters N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A No

VSAT Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes


3.10 Local Supplies Market

3.10.1 Main Food Suppliers

There are no established suppliers for food (Maize, CSB, Pulses, Sugar, Oil or Meals Ready to eat) produced in Southern Sudan. Some traders are importing grain from Uganda for sale inside the region. While there has been no local purchase of food in the past, the WFP 'Purchase 4 Progress' unit (P4P) has started to establish business relationship with a selection of farmers‟ organizations or cooperatives in Western and Central Equatoria.

3.10.2 Other than Food Suppliers

Company Address Contact Telephone

Generators

Victor General Stores Centre, Juba Town

Afristar Intl Tong Ping, Juba Nadir Kudsy +249 955 111 167

Smart Power Tongping Adnan +249 957 248 805

Pasico Southern Sudan Ltd Hai Suk, Juba +249 955 065 773

Portable Accommodation, Tents & Tarpaulins

Afex Group Riverside Camp, Juba JK Hamis + 256 477 133 719

Tent Makers Intl Co Ltd Hai Neem, Juba + 256 477 130 526

Fuel: Jet A-1, Diesel, Petrol & Oil Supplies

Petrocity Enterprises Ltd Plot 531, Airport-Ministries Rd, Juba +249 909 025 922

Hass Petroleum Ltd Sudan Airways Cargo Bldg, Juba +256 477 255738

Imaton Gas Co Hai Malakal, Juba +249 122 041 044

Water Equipment: Pumps, Filters, Pipes & Tanks

Aquasan Tong Ping, Juba +249 122 143 232

Computers

Technotronic Ltd Hai Neem, Juba +249 955 022 001

BilPam Comms Ltd Tong Ping Business Center +249 122 456 741


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3.11 Accommodation

Juba has seen a relative surge in the supply of hotels. From the early, post CPA, expensive, riverside tented accommodation to the situation today is remarkable. There is no shortage of available beds but quality varies hugely. The hotels detailed below are frequented by UN, private contractors and INGO‟s. Security is not an issue within the current context. The UNDSS approved accommodations (as of Nov 2010): Juba Grand Hotel, South Sudan Hotel, Star Hotel, Beijing Hotel, New York Hotel, Sahara Hotel, Shalom Hotel, Innovick Residence, Logali House, Paradise Hotel, Quality Hotel , Juba Bridge Hotel, Da Vinci Lodge Hotel, Afex River Camp, Olympic Hotel, Glory Hotel, Juba Link, Jebel Lodge and Asmara Hotel.

Hotel Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Logali House, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Laurie Meiring Title: General Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 957 103 800

14 quality rooms in 3 storey stone built building, good food, proper restaurant, car parking is a problem. All rooms have internet and Wi-Fi. Rates: US$ 165 per room with bed and breakfast


Acacia, Yei Road, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Marylane Title: Deputy Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 110 767

16 rooms with real stone walls built around a small swimming pool. Rooms have verandah and are self contained with internet/WIFI. Hotel is quiet and on Yei Road. Security: good, parking: good, bar and restaurants are separate buildings to rooms. Rates: US$ 150 for bed and breakfast.


Arkel Camp, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Christine Leonard Title: Camp Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 957 251 008

27 prefabs, self contained, good security and excellent food. Rates: US$ 110 for bed and breakfast. Arkel Camp has a reputation for good food and is first choice for most UN agency staff for lunches.


Shalom Hotel & Restaurant, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Michael Zerezghi Title: Managing Director Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 035 034

Ethiopian run hotel with 29 rooms & reasonable restaurant. Rooms are pre-fabricated with mini bar and small TV. All rooms have internet, shower/toilet. Security is OK but parking is an issue. Hotel is used by INGO staff. Rates: bed and breakfast is US$ 120, full board is US$ 150 – rooms showing their years but functional.


Olympic Hotel, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Jafar Ali Title: Manager

Tel: +249 955 137 373

Newish hotel with 20 rooms on the main airport –ministries road. Rooms are clean with self contained toilet & shower. No Parking and hotel is generally cramped. Rates: US$ 100 B&B.


Jebel Lodge, Juba, Southern Sudan

Name: Megan Tossau Title: Manager Email: [email protected]

Tel: +249 955 035 586

55 Prefabs, swimming pool and good food, Bed and Breakfast US$ 150, good security.


4 Scenarios & Contingencies

Please refer to the Interagency Contingency Plan consolidated by OCHA. Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents







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5 Annexes

5.1 Annex 1: List of Contacts

GoSS Ministry of Transport contact details:

NAME Designation Mobile Email

Anthony Lino Makana Minister of Roads and Transport

+256 714 09474 +249 9551 55555 +256 477145209

[email protected]

Jacob Marial Undersecretary +256 477 104 451

Gabriel Makur Acting Director General, MoTr -Jebel Office

+256 4771 12052, +249 121775211

[email protected]

Gabriel Makur Director General-Roads & Bridges

+256 4771 12052, +249 121775211

[email protected]

Philip Marlow Senior Engineer, Juba +256 477 142 134 [email protected]

George Duku MoTr Jebel Office +256 4771 02732, +249 955059054

[email protected]

Andrew Boum Engineer, MoTr- Wau Office +249 912276408 N/A

Samuel Ngor Inspector, MoTr- Wau Office +249 955404434 N/A

Southern Sudan Cluster and Sector Leads/Co-Leads Contact List Last updated 10 November 2010

Cluster/Sector Lead

Agency Contacts email address

Co-Lead NGO Contacts email address

OCHA focal point

Common Services and Coordination Sector

OCHA Thomas Nyambane 0922406071

[email protected]

NGO Secretar

iat

Kelsey Hoppe

[email protected]

Education Cluster

UNICEF

Simon Mphisa 0928182086, 0955077995

[email protected],

Save the Children

UK

Emily Lugano

[email protected]

Anthony Lonyong Email: [email protected]

Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster

FAO WFP

Michael Oyat (FAO) 0928261975 Mtendere Mphatso (FAO) 0955581713 Andrew Odero (WFP)

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

VSF-B

Danish Refugee Council

Nyabenyi Tipo Susan Watkins

[email protected] [email protected]

John Kuzee Email: [email protected]

Health Cluster WHO

Julius Wekesa 0477267406 or 0955216455

[email protected]

SS NGO Health Forum

Sarah Petrie 0477245071

[email protected]

Andrea Little Email: [email protected]

Logistics Cluster

WFP Fionnuala Lucey 0912174731

[email protected]

Marion Orchison Email: [email protected]

NFIs, Emergency Shelter Cluster

TBC Miki Takahashi 0912313153

[email protected], [email protected]

World Vision Sudan

Morris Kenyi

[email protected],

Marion Orchison Email: [email protected]





































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Nutrition Cluster

UNICEF

Bertha Jackson 0477148801 or 0121 508191

[email protected],

ACF Johnière Smith

[email protected]

Andrea Little Email: [email protected]

Protection Cluster Sub-clusters: 1. Child

Protection 2. GBV 3. Mine Action 4. Land

Coordination Forum

UNHCR

1. UNIC

EF 2. UNFP

A/ MoGCSW

3. UNMAO

4. NPA/NRC

Simon Russell 0912501272 1. Fatuma H

Ibrahim 2. Silje

Heitmann 3. Sarah

Holland 4. Tiberious

Bara and Gregory Norton

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

NRC 1. SC 2. MoGCSW

Gregory Norton 0903 440 675 1. Steve Morgan 2. Regina O. Lullo

[email protected] [email protected] 1. [email protected] 2. [email protected]

Minako Kakuma Email: [email protected]

Water and Sanitation Cluster

UNICEF

Ken Maskall 0955 314 834 Sahr Kemoh 0924937638, 0477253958

[email protected] [email protected]

Medair

Jesse Pleger 091 908 1572

[email protected]

Margaret Yamaha Email: [email protected]

Emergency Returns Sector

IOM Gerry Waite 0922 406 615

[email protected]

5.2 Annex 2: Relevant Websites

GoSS

GoSS Homepage: http://goss.org Ministry of the Cabinet Affairs, Secretary General Http://www.sudan.gov.sd/en/ Ministry of Transport http://www.mot.gov.sd/ Ministry of Finance http://www.mof.gov.sd/English/index.htm UN links

OCHA Sudan http://ochaonline.un.org/Default.aspx?alias=ochaonline.un.org/sudan UN Sudan Information gateway http://www.unsudanig.org/new_gateway/ Relief web http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/dbc.nsf/doc104?OpenForm&rc=1&cc=sdn Logistics Capacity Assessment for Sudan at link http://www.logcluster.org/tools/lca/sdn/view News South Sudan News Agency - http://www.southsudannewsagency.com/ Gurtong.net - http://www.gurtong.net The Juba Post - http://jubapost.org/ South Sudan Today - http://southsudantoday.net/ Sudan Vision Daily - http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/ Sudan Tribune - http://www.sudantribune.com/ IRIN News Sudan - http://www.irinnews.org/country.aspx?Country=SD The Nile Fortune - http://nilefortune.com/

News from SPLM - http://www.splmtoday.com/ Sudan.net - http://www.sudan.net/

Other CIA World Factbook https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/su.html Easy info Juba contacts http://jamii.com/Easyinfo/browse_locations.php?id=2166 Juba Travel guide http://jubatravelguide.com/index.html




































http://goss.org/

http://www.sudan.gov.sd/en/

http://www.mot.gov.sd/

http://www.mof.gov.sd/English/index.htm

http://ochaonline.un.org/Default.aspx?alias=ochaonline.un.org/sudan

http://www.unsudanig.org/new_gateway/

http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/dbc.nsf/doc104?OpenForm&rc=1&cc=sdn

http://www.logcluster.org/tools/lca/sdn/view

http://www.southsudannewsagency.com/

http://www.gurtong.net/

http://jubapost.org/

http://southsudantoday.net/

http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/

http://www.sudantribune.com/

http://www.irinnews.org/country.aspx?Country=SD

http://nilefortune.com/

http://www.splmtoday.com/

http://www.sudan.net/

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/su.html

http://jamii.com/Easyinfo/browse_locations.php?id=2166

http://jubatravelguide.com/index.html


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5.3 Annex 3: Maps

5.3.1 Warehouse Locations


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5.3.2 Airfields


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5.3.3 River-Rail Network


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5.3.4 Road Network


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5.3.5 Supply Corridors


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5.3.6 Southern Sudan States Boundaries


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5.3.7 Bridges above 40 Meters
