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Page 1: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 2: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Living organisms have the capacity to producepopulations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size.

Content Standard 4.3

Page 3: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 4: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Biomass is the weightof all the living matter in a particular area.

Page 5: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Any level of a pyramidhas more biomass than the level above it.

Page 6: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Biomass - 1 min

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Page 7: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Everything is connected to everything else.

1

Page 8: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Everything must go somewhere.

2

Page 9: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Nature knows best.

3

Page 10: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

There is no such thingas a free lunch.

4

Page 11: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The rate at which solar energy is converted intoorganic compounds.

Page 12: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The units of productivityare kilocalories per square meter per year.

Page 13: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Total amount of energyproduced, including the energy used by plants for their own respiration.

Page 14: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Rate at which plants storeenergy that is NOT used in plant respiration.

Page 15: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

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Producers - 9 min

Page 16: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 17: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The number of organismsin an area is directlyrelated to the productivityof the area.

Page 18: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

What can be said about the productivity of the area?

Page 19: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

What can be said about the productivity of the area?

Page 20: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

A population is all the members of a species living in the same area.

Page 21: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Biotic potential is the rate at which a population will grow if ...

Page 22: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

all individuals survive and reproduce at their maximum capacity.

Page 23: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Biotic potential is a theoretical number that is NEVER realized in nature.

Page 24: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

A population growing at such a rate willproduceexponentialgrowth.

Page 25: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Before a population couldreach its biotic potential,resources willgive out and the populationwill CRASH.

Page 26: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Population density refers to the number of individuals in a population in a given areaat a given time.

Page 27: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystemis capable of supporting.

Page 28: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Environmental factors limiting population growthare: food, water, oxygen, and living space.

Page 29: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 30: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Rate ofPopulationGrowth

= natality - mortality(birth rate) (death rate)

Page 31: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Rate ofPopulationGrowth

= natality - mortality(birth rate) (death rate)

Page 32: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Rate ofPopulationGrowth

= natality - mortality(birth rate) (death rate)

Page 33: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 34: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 35: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 36: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

At some point in your life,do you want to have kids?

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What are your reasons?

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Page 38: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Human population growth isNOT a biological imperative,but is culturally determined.

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Page 40: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

60,000 BP: 1 million40,000 BP: 2.5 million10,000 BP: 10 million 2,000 BP: 250 million 1850: 1 Billion 1930: 2 Billion 1960: 3 Billion 1974: 4 Billion 1986: 5 Billion 1999: 6 Billion

Page 41: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

60,000 BP: 1 million40,000 BP: 2.5 million10,000 BP: 10 million 2,000 BP: 250 million 1850: 1 Billion 1930: 2 Billion 1960: 3 Billion 1974: 4 Billion 1986: 5 Billion 1999: 6 Billion

80 years

30 years

14 years12 years13 years

264 million years

Page 42: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

In the last 50 years, we haveconsumed more of Earth'sresources than in all ofprevious history combined!

Page 43: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

World population today is 6.5 Billion.

Page 44: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

World population is predicted to reach 7 Billion onOctober 18, 2012.

Page 45: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

World population is predicted to reach 9 Billion by 2050.

Page 46: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 47: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

What type of growthdoes this graph show?

Page 48: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

What happens to apopulation experiencingexponential growth?

Page 49: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

CRASH

Page 50: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

It is estimated that humanity is currently consuming earth's resources 20% faster than they can be sustained.

Page 51: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

China has the largest populationtoday.

Page 52: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

India's populationis predicted topass China's in 2025.

Page 53: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The natural carrying capacity of the planet is roughly10 million people.

Page 54: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

How is the Earthsupporting 6.5 billion people today?

Page 55: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Earth's carrying capacity wasartificially increased by theintroduction of agricultureroughly 10,000 years ago.

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impuritiesthat produceundesirablechanges in anecosystem.

Pollution

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There are twobasic types ofpollutants:

Page 59: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

are subject to decay bymicroorganisms.

Biodegradable Pollutants

Page 60: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

These pollutantswill eventuallybe recycled bythe ecosystem.

Biodegradable Pollutants

Page 61: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

cannot be decomposed bymicroorganisms.

Non-biodegradable Pollutants

Page 62: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

These pollutantswill NEVER be recycled by naturalprocesses.

Non-biodegradable Pollutants

Page 63: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

• Domestic• Agriculture• Industrial

Three Basic Sourcesof Pollution

Page 64: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Domestic sourcesinclude:

paints, oils,garbage, andtrash.

Page 65: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Agricultural sourcesinclude:

fertilizer, pesticides,and animalwastes.

Page 66: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Industrial sourcesinclude:

acids, oils,heavy metals,and otherchemicals.

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Everything must go somewhere.

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Paper and Cardboard18%

Kitchen Waste18%

Garden Waste21%

3%Metal Packaging

Dense Plastic 4%

Plastic film 3%

Domestic Trash

Glass 7%

4 kg of paperper household

per week

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Paper and Cardboard18%

Kitchen Waste18%

Garden Waste21%

3%Metal Packaging

Dense Plastic 4%

Plastic film 3%

Which one makes themost recycle sense?

Glass 7%

4 kg of paperper household

per week

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Paper and Cardboard18%

Kitchen Waste18%

Garden Waste21%

3%Metal Packaging

Dense Plastic 4%

Plastic film 3%

Which one ismost recycled?

Glass 7%

4 kg of paperper household

per week

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In 2003, 54 billion cans were recycled, saving the energy equivalent of 15 million barrels of crude oil -

America's entire gas consumption for one day.

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It costsMOREto use

recycledpaper thanprocess

wood intopaper!

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Page 80: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

There are 20 plastic containers on the lab bench.

Put them in their proper plastic group.

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PlasticResinCodes

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PolyethyleneTerephthalate

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Use: Soft drink and mouthwash bottles.

Recycle: Soft drink and soap bottles, paint brushes, tennis balls, carpets, egg cartons, and boats.

Page 83: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

High DensityPolyethylene

Use: Milk, water, and juice jugs, liquid detergent bottles, some toys, and some grocery bags.

Recycle: Soft drink bottle base cups, stadium seats, trash cans, traffic cones, and toys.

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Polyvinyl Chlorideor just "Vinyl"

Use: Clear food packaging and shampoo bottles.

Recycle: Floor mats, pipes, and hose.

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Low DensityPolyethylene

Use: Bread bags, grocery bags, and frozen food bags.

Recycle: Trash can liners and grocery bags.

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Page 86: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Polypropylene

Use: Ketchup bottles, yogurt cups, margarine tubs, and medicine bottles.

Recycle: Paint buckets, cassette cases, ice scrapers, lawnmower wheels, and auto battery cases.

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Page 87: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Polystyrene

Use: CD jackets, coffee cups, knives, forks, spoons, food trays,

fast foot sandwich containers.

Recycle: Desk-top accessories, file folders, food trays, flower pots, trash cans, cassette holders.

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OtherThis code indicates that theobject is made with a resinother than the normal 6, oris made of a combination ofresins in a multi-layercombination.

Recycle: Bottles, plastic lumber applications.

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Page 92: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Acid rain is producedby burning fossil fuelsthat have a high sulfur content.

Page 93: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

While all fossil fuels contain some sulfur,coal has the most.

Page 94: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 95: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Acid rain not only harmsplants and animals, it alsocorrodes constructionmaterials, such asmetal and stone.

Page 96: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3
Page 97: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The chemistry involvedin forming acid rain is quite complex, involving several steps:

Page 98: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Fuels containing sulfurburn to producesulfur dioxide

SO2

1

Page 99: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Sulfur dioxide combines withoxygen in the air to producesulfur trioxide

SO3

2

Page 100: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Sulfur trioxide combines withwater in the air to producesulfuric acid

H2SO4

3

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Page 117: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Earth's Average Temperature

1880 - 2000

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Earth's Average Temperature

1880 - 2000

1/2 degree risein average temp

Page 119: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Thousands of Years (B.P.)

18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

Earth's Average Temperature

Tem

per

atu

re C

han

ge

(oC

)

2

0

-2

-4

Page 120: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The USA has only4% of the worldpopulation,

but produces25% of the worldgreenhouse gasses

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Page 122: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

During October, the trees removed the greatest amount of

A. ozoneB. particulatesC. NO2

D. SO2

Page 123: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The graph covers

A. one monthB. ten monthsC. one yearD. ten years

Page 124: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Which group on the pyramid has the largest biomass?

A. BassB. MinnowsC. CopepodsD. Algae

Page 125: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Which group on the pyramid has the largest population?

A. BassB. MinnowsC. CopepodsD. Algae

Page 126: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Which of the following best explains the results on the graph since 1991.

A. the deer population increasedB. the farmer bought a tractorC. the farmer began fertilizing his fieldsD. the cotton rat population decreased

Page 127: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

The carrying capacity of the ecosystem on WallaWalla Island is

A. 100 deerB. 80 deerC. 60 deerD. 20 deer

Page 128: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Which population is the predator?

A. population AB. population BC. both A and BD. neither A nor B

Page 129: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

This pyramid is based on the number of individuals in a given ecosystem. Which of these best describes the ecosystem represented by the pyramid?

• a freshwater pondB. an open prairie fieldC. an oak treeD. a backyard garden

Page 130: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

A poor corn harvest in which of these countries would have thegreatest affect on world corn prices?

A. BrazilB. ChinaC. ArgentinaD. South Africa

Page 131: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Which of the graphs below represents exponential population growth?

Page 132: Living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources limit population size. Content Standard 4.3

Which of these best describes the datashown on the graph?A. Most people use natural gas to heat their homes in the winter.B. Most people use natural gas to cool their homes in the summer.C. More natural gas is used in the summer than in the winter.D. Natural gas consumption increases during warm months.


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Ploidy and Size at Multiple Scales in the Arabidopsis ... · size, and the size of organs and organisms (Fankhauser, 1945; ... smaller than diploid or tetraploid despite increased