Literary Devices!Literary Devices!

Literary Device #1:Literary Device #1:

PLOTPLOT

The way the events are arranged.The way the events are arranged.

• Plot LinesPlot Lines

• A plot is a casual sequence of events, the "why" for the things that happen in the story.

•The plot draws the reader into the character's lives and helps the reader understand the choices that the characters make.

• A plot's structure is the way in which the story elements are arranged.

Literary Device Literary Device # 2# 2 ConflictConflict

The main The main problem problem that the that the characters characters face in a face in a storystory

InternalInternal

- Man vs. self- Man vs. self

ExternalExternal

-Man vs. manMan vs. man

-Man vs. natureMan vs. nature

-Man vs. societyMan vs. society

ClimaxClimax

Literary Device # 3Literary Device # 3

The point in the story with the highest tension

Literary Device # 4

DenouementDenouement

The answer to the conflict/problem…there has to be one!The answer to the conflict/problem…there has to be one!

Be specific…not just “and they lived happily ever after.”

Literary Device # 5Literary Device # 5

Point-of-ViewPoint-of-View

11stst Person Person: : Uses “I” to tell Uses “I” to tell the story. the story. The narrator can The narrator can be a character in the story.be a character in the story.

22ndnd Person Person: Not commonly used. : Not commonly used. Uses “you”. Uses “you”.

3rd Person3rd Person: : The narrator is The narrator is not a character in the story. not a character in the story.

Example: “Example: “HeHe did this.” “ did this.” “SheShe said that.”said that.”

Literary Device # 5Literary Device # 5

Point-of-View… Point-of-View… ContinuedContinued

Omniscient Omniscient (Third-Person)(Third-Person) NarratorNarrator: Can reveal thoughts : Can reveal thoughts of all characters; they are “all-of all characters; they are “all-

knowing”.knowing”.

Limited Omniscient NarratorLimited Omniscient Narrator:: Only reveals the thoughts and Only reveals the thoughts and

feelings of one (or a few) feelings of one (or a few) characterscharacters

Objective Objective (Third-Person)(Third-Person) Narrator Narrator: : Does NOT reveal anyone’s Does NOT reveal anyone’s

thoughts & provides info that a thoughts & provides info that a camera might record. (Nothing camera might record. (Nothing

internal)internal)

Imagery

includes the "mental pictures" that readers experience with a passage of literature.

Imagery is not limited to visual imagery; it also includes sound, touch, hot and cold, sound, taste, and movement.

Style Style / / ToneTone

StyleStyle: the way a writer selects & arranges the way a writer selects & arranges words to express ideas.words to express ideas.

ToneTone: the attitude of the author toward the : the attitude of the author toward the subject matter.subject matter.

theme

theme

theme

theme

THEMETHEMEWhat is a theme?What is a theme?

DefinitionDefinition: the central or dominant : the central or dominant idea of a work of fiction.idea of a work of fiction.ExampleExample: What is the : What is the

theme in theme in The Wizard The Wizard of Ozof Oz??

Possible AnswersPossible Answers: : “There’s no place like “There’s no place like

home” or Self-sufficiencyhome” or Self-sufficiency

Literary Device # 8Literary Device # 8

SettingSettingDefinitionDefinition: everything that has : everything that has to do with when & where the to do with when & where the

story takes place.story takes place.

ExampleExample: “What is the : “What is the settingsetting in in The Wizard of The Wizard of OzOz?”?”

AnswerAnswer: Emerald : Emerald City or Land of OzCity or Land of Oz

*Similes*Similes show a comparison show a comparison using “like” or “as”using “like” or “as”

““She drifted into the She drifted into the room like a cloudroom like a cloud.”.”

*Metaphors*Metaphors make a comparison and make a comparison and just states that something is just states that something is

something elsesomething else

““He is so muscular, He is so muscular, he’s a rock!”he’s a rock!”

protagonist – the leading character

antagonist – The principal character in opposition to the protagonist or hero.

antihero - main character who lacks traditional heroic qualities, such as idealism or courage.

Irony - A literary style using contrasting humor.•Situational •Dramatic•Verbal

Situational irony - a situation where the opposite happens from what was expected.

verbal irony – when what is said is the opposite of what is meant

Dramatic irony - irony in speeches or a drama that the audience understands but the characters do not understand.

Throughout most of The Lion King, Simba mopes around feeling guilty for his father’s death, unaware (as the audience is) that Scar actually killed Mufasa.

Allegory - a story, poem, or picture that reveals a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

Allusion - a reference in a story to a person, place, or thing in history or literature.

In The Hunchback of Notre Dame, the gargoyle Laverne tells a flock of pigeons to “Fly my pretties! Fly, Fly!” à la the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz.

Coming – of – age - A novel in which an kid becomes an adult through experiences in the story. They lose his or her innocence, but usually matures and strengthens.

Comedy -any play or narrative poem in which the main characters manage to have a happy ending.

Comic relief -A humorous scene, incident, character, or bit of dialogue occurring after some serious or tragic moment.

Drama - a narrative involving conflict.

Satire - a critique on religious, political, moral, or social standards through humor

exposition - background material revealed throughout the story.

flashback – a moment that interrupts the story to reveal past events--usually in the form of a character's memories, dreams, narration, or commentary

foreshadowing – information that reveals what will occur later in a story.

mood - feeling, emotional state, or disposition of mind-for the reader.

Foil - A character that highlights or emphasizes traits in another character; opposite.

motivation - the reasons behind a character's behavior

Suspense - emotional tension; keeps you on the edge

onomatopoeia

- An exaggeration or overstatement.

Oxymoron - contrasting concepts or words placed together

Personification - inanimate objects are given human character, traits, abilities, or reactions.

Symbol - A word, place, character, or object that stands for something else.

Dumbo’s “magic” feather represents courage and self-confidence. Once he truly believes in himself, he no longer needs it as a psychological crutch.