list of publications - world...
TRANSCRIPT
184
List of Publications
A. Books
Ahmed, Sadiq. 2006. Explaining South Asia’s Development Success:
The Role of Good Policies. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Aizenman, Joshua, and Brian Pinto, eds. 2005. Managing Eco-
nomic Volatility and Crises: A Practitioner’s Guide. Cambridge
University Press.
Alam, Asad, Mamta Murthi, Ruslan Yemtsov, Edmundo Murru-
garra, Nora Dudwick, Ellen Hamilton, and Erwin Tiongson,
eds. 2005. Growth, Poverty, and Inequality: Eastern Europe and
the Former Soviet Union. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Alsop, Ruth, and Bryan Kurey. 2005. Local Organizations in De-
centralized Development: Their Functions and Performance in In-
dia. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Amelina, Maria, Dan Chiribuca, and Stephen Knack. 2004. Mapped
In or Mapped Out? The Romanian Poor in Inter-Household and
Community Networks. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Anderson, James, David Bernstein, and Cheryl Gray. 2005. Judi-
cial Systems in Transition Economies: Assessing the Past, Looking
to the Future. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Anderson, James H., and Cheryl W. Gray. 2006. Anticorruption in
Transition 3: Who is Succeeding... And Why? Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Anderson, Kym, ed. Forthcoming. Distortions to Agricultural In-
centives: Global Perspective. Palgrave University Press; and
Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.
Anderson, Kym, ed. 2005. The WTO’s Core Rules and Disciplines,
a Two-Volume Set for the Series of Radings on Critical Perspec-
tives on the Global Trading System. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward
Elgar.
Anderson, Kym, and Tim Josling, eds. 2005. The WTO and Agri-
culture, Volumes I and II. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar.
Anderson, Kym, and Will Masters, eds. Forthcoming. Distor-
tions to Agricultural Incentives: Africa. Washington, D.C.: The
World Bank.
Anderson, Kym, and Will Martin, eds. Forthcoming. Distortions
to Agricultural Incentives: Asia. Washington, D.C.: The World
Bank.
Aw, Djibril, and Geert Diemer. 2005. Making a Large Irriga-
tion Scheme Work: A Case Study from Mali. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Baghdadli, Ilhem, Hela Cheikhrouhou, and Gael Raballand.
2007. Strategies for Cotton in West and Central Africa: En-
hancing Competitiveness in the “Cotton-4”. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Barth, James, Gerard Caprio, and Ross Levine, eds. 2006. Re-
thinking Bank Regulation: Till Angels Govern. Cambridge, U.K.:
Cambridge University Press.
Basu, Priya, ed. 2005. India’s Financial Sector: Recent Re-
forms, Future Challenges. Washington, D.C.: World Bank;
and Macmillan.
______. 2006. Improving Access to Finance for India’s Rural Poor.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Bebbington, Anthony, Michael Woolcock, Scott Guggenheim,
and Elizabeth Olson, eds. 2006. The Search for Empowerment:
Social Capital as Idea and Practice at the World Bank. West
Hartford, CT.: Kumarian Press.
Besley, Tim, and Louise Cord, eds. 2006. Delivering on the Promise
of Pro-Poor Growth: Insights and Lessons from Country Experi-
ences. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Basingstoke, U.K.:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Besley, Tim, and N. Roberto Zagha, eds. 2005. Development Chal-
lenges in the 1990s: Leading Policymakers Speak from Experience.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and New York, N.Y.: Oxford
University Press.
Bhargava, Vinay K., ed. 2006. Global Issues for Global Citizens: An
Introduction to Key Development Challenges. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Bird, Richard M., and Francois Vaillancourt, eds. 2006. Perspec-
tives on Fiscal Federalism. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Bourguignon, François J., Francisco H. G. Ferreira, and Nora
Lustig, eds. 2005. The Microeconomics of Income Distribution
Dynamics in East Asia and Latin America. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank; and New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Bourguignon, François, Pierre Jacquet, and Boris Pleskovic, eds.
2007. Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics
2004, Europe: Economic Integration and Social Responsibility.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Bourguignon, François, and Boris Pleskovic, eds. 2007. Annual
World Bank Conference on Development Economics 2007, Region-
al: Beyond Transition. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Bouta, Tsjeard, Georg Frerks, and Ian Bannon. 2004. Gender,
Conflict, and Development. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Broadman, Harry G. 2006. Africa’s Silk Road: China and India’s
New Economic Frontier. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Broadman, Harry G., ed. 2006. From Disintegration to Reintegra-
tion: Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union in Interna-
tional Trade. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Bruce, John W., Renee Giovarelli, Leonard Rolfes, Jr., Da-
vid Bledsoe, and Robert Mitchell. 2006. Land Law Reform:
185
Achieving Development Policy Objectives. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Buckley, Robert M., and Jerry Kalarickal, eds. 2006. Thirty Years
of World Bank Shelter Lending: What Have We Learned? Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank.
Cabañero-Verzosa, Cecilia. 2005. Counting on Communication: The
Uganda Nutrition and Early Childhood Development Project.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Campos, J. Edgardo, and Sanjay Pradhan, eds. 2007. The Many
Faces of Corruption: Tracking Vulnerabilities at the Sector Level.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Campos, J. Edgardo, and Jose Luis Syquia. 2005. Managing
the Politics of Reform: Overhauling the Legal Infrastructure
of Public Procurement in the Philippines. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Cheikhrouhou, Hela, Raul Hernandez-Coss, Radwa El-Swaify,
and Rodrigo Jarque. 2006. The U.S.-Guatemala Remittance
Corridor. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Chong, Alberto, and Florencio Lopez de Silanes, eds. 2005. Priva-
tization in Latin America: Myths and Reality. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank; and Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Christy, Lawrence C., Charles E. Di Leva, Jonathan M. Lindsay,
and Patrice Talla Takoukam. 2007. Forest Law and Sustain-
able Development: Addressing Contemporary Challenges through
Legal Reform. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Coady, David, Margaret Grosh, and John Hoddinott. 2004. Tar-
geting of Transfers in Developing Countries: Review of Lessons
and Experience. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Collier, Paul, and Nicholas Sambanis, eds. 2005. Understanding
Civil War (Volume 1: Africa): Evidence and Analysis. Washing-
ton, D.C.: World Bank.
Correa, Paulo, Carlos Pereira, Bernardo Mueller, and Marcus
Melo. 2006. Regulatory Governance in Infrastructure Industries:
Assessment and Measurement of Brazilian Regulators. Washing-
ton, D.C.: World Bank.
Cotlear, Daniel, ed. 2006. A New Social Contract for Peru: An Agen-
da for Improving Education, Health Care, and the Social Safety
Net. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Coudouel, Aline, Marcus Cox, Markus Goldstein, Nigel Thorn-
ton, and Tara Bedi. 2006. Beyond the Numbers: Understand-
ing the Institutions for Monitoring Poverty Reduction Strategies.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Coudouel, Aline, and Stefano Paternostro, eds. 2005. Analyzing
the Distributional Impact of Reforms, Volume One: A Practitio-
ner’s Guide to Trade, Monetary and Exchange Rate Policy, Util-
ity Provision, Agricultural Markets, Land Policy, and Education.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2006. Analyzing the Distributional Impact of Reforms, Vol-
ume Two: A Practitioner’s Guide to Pensions, Health, Labor Mar-
kets, Public Sector Downsizing, Taxation, Decentralization and
Macroeconomic Modeling. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
de Ferranti, David, Guillermo E. Perry, Daniel Lederman, Alber-
to Valdes, and William Foster. 2005. Beyond the City: The Rural
Contribution to Development. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
de Wit, Hans, Isabel Cristina Jaramillo, Jane Knight, and Jocely-
ne Gacel-Avila, eds. 2005. Higher Education in Latin America:
The International Dimension. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
De Wulf, Luc, and Jose B. Sokol, eds. 2004. Customs Moderniza-
tion Initiatives: Case Studies. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Deaton, Angus, and Valerie Kozel, eds. 2005. The Great Indian
Poverty Debate. New Delhi: Macmillan India Ltd.
Ferreira, Francisco H.G., Carlos Eduardo Velez, and Ricardo
Paes de Barros, eds. 2004. Inequality and Economic Develop-
ment in Brazil. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Finger, J. Michael, and Julio J. Nogues, eds. 2005. Safeguards and
Antidumping in Latin American Trade Liberalization: Fighting
Fire with Fire. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Basing-
stoke, U.K.: Palgrave Macmillan.
Fiszbein, Ariel. 2005. Citizens, Politicians, and Providers: The Latin
American Experience with Service Delivery Reform. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Foko, Borel, and Mathieu Brossard. 2007. Couts et Financement de
l’Enseignement Superieur en Afrique Francophone. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Gacitua-Mario, Estanislao, and Michael Woolcock, eds. 2005. So-
cial Exclusion and Mobility in Brazil. Washington, D.C.: World
Bank; and Rio de Janeiro: IPEA.
Gallardo, Joselito, Michael Goldberg, and Bikki Randhawa.
2006. Strategic Alliances to Scale Up Financial Services in Rural
Areas. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Ghosh, Swati R. 2006. East Asian Finance: The Road to Robust
Markets. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Gill, Indermit S., and Homi Kharas, eds. 2007. An East Asian
Renaissance: Ideas for Economic Growth. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Gill, Indermit S., Truman G. Packard, and Juan Yermo. 2005.
Keeping the Promise of Social Security in Latin America. Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank; and Stanford, CA: Stanford Uni-
versity Press.
Gill, Indermit S., and Todd Pugatch, eds. 2005. At the Frontlines
of Development: Reflections from the World Bank. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Gioan, Pierre Antoine. 2007. Enseignement Supérieur en Afrique
Francophone: Quels leviers pour des politiques financièrement
soutenables? Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Giugale, Marcelo M., Connie Luff, and Vicente Fretes-Cibils,
eds. 2006. Bolivia: Public Policy Options for the Well-being of All.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
186
Godinho, Joana, Jaap Veen, James Cercone, Jose Pacheco, and
Masoud Dara. 2005. Stopping Tuberculosis in Central Asia: Pri-
orities for Action. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Golitzen, Katherin George, ed. 2005. The Niger River Basin:
A Vision for Sustainable Management. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Guislain, Pierre, Mavis A. Ampah, Laurent Besancon, Cecile
Niang, and Alexandre Serot. 2005. Connecting Sub-Saharan
Africa: A World Bank Group Strategy for Information and Com-
munication Technology Sector Development. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Gurenko, Eugene N., Rodney R. Lester, Olivier Mahul, and
Serap Oguz Gonulal. 2006. Earthquake Insurance in Turkey:
History of the Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Heaver, Richard. 2005. Strengthening Country Commitment to Hu-
man Development: Lessons from Nutrition. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Hernandez-Coss, Raul. 2005. The U.S.-Mexico Remittance Corri-
dor: Lessons on Shifting from Informal to Formal Transfer Sys-
tems. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Hertel, Thomas W., and L. Alan Winters, eds. 2005. Pov-
erty and the WTO: Impacts of the Doha Development Agenda.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Basingstoke, U.K.:
Palgrave Macmillan.
______. 2005. Putting Development Back into the Doha Agenda: Pov-
erty Impacts of a WTO Agreement. Washington, D.C.: World
Bank.
Hoekman, Bernard M., and Simon J. Evenett, eds. 2005. Eco-
nomic Development and Multilateral Trade Cooperation.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Basingstoke, U.K.:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Hoekman, Bernard M., and Beata Smarzynska Javorcik, eds. 2006.
Global Integration and Technology Transfer. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank; and Basingstoke, U.K.: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hoekman, Bernard M., and Sübidey Togan, eds. 2005. Turkey:
Economic Reform and Accession to the European Union. Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank; and London, U.K.: Centre for
Economic Policy Research.
Holland, Jeremy. 2007. Tools for Institutional, Political, and Social
Analysis of Policy Reform: A Sourcebook for Development Practi-
tioners. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Holzmann, Robert, and Richard Hinz. 2005. Old-Age Income Sup-
port in the 21st Century: An International Perspective on Pension
Systems and Reform. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Holzmann, Robert, and Edward Palmer, eds. 2005. Pension Re-
form: Issues and Prospects for Non-Financial Defined Contribu-
tion (NDC) Schemes. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Holzmann, Robert, and Milan Vodopivec, eds. 2007. Improving
Severance Pay: An International Perspective. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Honohan, Patrick, and Luc Laeven, eds. 2005. Systemic Finan-
cial Crises: Containment and Resolution. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
Hsiao, William, and R. Paul Shaw, eds. 2007. Social Health Insur-
ance for Developing Nations. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Jacobs, Scott, and Jacqueline Coolidge. 2006. Reducing Admin-
istrative Barriers to Investment: Lessons Learned. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Jamison, Dean T., Joel G. Breman, Anthony R. Measham, George
Alleyne, Mariam Claeson, David B. Evans, Prabhat Jha, Anne
Mills, and Philip Musgrove, eds. 2006. Disease Control Priori-
ties in Developing Countries (2nd Edition). Washington, D.C.:
World Bank; and New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Jha, Abhas Kumar, ed. 2005. Institutions, Performance, and the Fi-
nancing of Infrastructure Services in the Caribbean. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Jha, Prabhat, Dean T. Jamison, Joel G. Breman, Anthony R.
Measham, George Alleyne, Mariam Claeson, David B. Ev-
ans, Anne Mills, and Philip Musgrove, eds. 2006. Priorities in
Health. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Kemper, Karin, Ariel Dinar, and William Blomquist, eds. 2005.
Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management De-
centralization. Washington, D.C: World Bank.
Kikeri, Sunita, Thomas Kenyon, and Vincent Palmade. 2006. Re-
forming the Investment Climate: Lessons for Practitioners. Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank.
Kochendörfer-Lucius, Gudrun, and Boris Pleskovic. 2006. Eq-
uity and Development. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Koeberle, Stefan, Harold Bedoya, Peter Silarszky, and Gero Ver-
heyen, eds. 2005. Conditionality Revisited: Concepts, Experi-
ences, and Lessons. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Labaste, Patrick, ed. 2005. The European Horticulture Market: Op-
portunities for Sub-Saharan African Exporters. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Laeven, Luc, and Stijn Claessens, eds. 2006. A Reader in In-
ternational Corporate Finance, Volume 1. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Lecocq, Franck. 2005. State and Trends of the Carbon Market
2004. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Lederman, Daniel, and William F. Maloney, eds. 2006. Natural
Resources, Neither Curse nor Destiny. Washington, D.C.: World
Bank; and Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Lederman, Daniel, William F. Maloney, and Luis Serven. 2004.
Lessons from NAFTA: For Latin America and the Caribbean.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Stanford, CA: Stanford
University Press.
Ledgerwood, Joanna, and Victoria White. 2006. Transforming Mi-
187
crofinance Institutions: Providing Full Financial Services to the
Poor. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Levy, Brian. 2007. Governance Reform: Bridging, Monitoring, and
Action. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Lewis, Maureen, and Marlaine Lockheed, eds. 2006. Inexcus-
able Absence: Why 60 Million Girls Are Still Not in School and
What to Do about It. Washington, D.C.: Center for Global
Development.
Loayza, Norman, Pablo Fajnzylber, and Cesar Calderon. 2005. Eco-
nomic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean: Stylized Facts,
Explanations, and Forecasts. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Lopez, Alan D., Colin D. Mathers, Majid Ezzati, Dean T. Jami-
son, and Christopher J.L. Murray, eds. 2006. Global Burden of
Disease and Risk Factors. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and
New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Lora, Eduardo, ed. 2006. The State of State Reforms in Latin Amer-
ica. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Stanford, CA: Stan-
ford University Press.
Malek, Danielle. 2006. The World Bank Global HIV/AIDS Pro-
gram: Australia’s Successful Response to AIDS and the Role of
Law Reform. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Manor, James. 2006. Aid That Works: Successful Development in
Fragile States. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Marshall, Katherine, and Lucy Keough, eds. 2005. Finding Global
Balance: Common Ground between the Worlds of Development and
Faith. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Martinez-Vazquez, Jorge, Andrey Timofeev, and Jameson Boex.
2006. Reforming Regional-Local Finance in Russia. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Matsukawa, Tomoko, and Odo Habeck. 2007. Review of Risk
Mitigation Instruments for Infrastructure: Financing and Recent
Trends and Development. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
McCalla, Alex F., and John Nash, eds. 2006. Reforming Global Ag-
ricultural Trade for Developing Countries: Key Issues for a Pro-
Development Outcome of the Doha Round Negotiations (Vol 1.).
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Milanovic, Branko L., ed. 2005. Worlds Apart: Measuring In-
ternational and Global Inequality. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
Moran, Theodore H., and Gerald T. West, eds. 2005. Internation-
al Political Risk Management, Volume 3: Looking to the Future.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Moreno-Dodson, Blanca, and Quentin Wodon, eds. 2006. Pub-
lic Finance and Poverty: Concepts and Case Studies from Latin
America and Africa. Washington, D.C: World Bank.
Mulkeen, Aidan, David Chapman, Joan DeJaeghere, and Eliza-
beth Leu. 2007. Recruiting, Retaining, and Retraining Sec-
ondary School Teachers and Principals in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Nannyonjo, Harriet. 2007. Education Inputs in Uganda: An Anal-
ysis of Factors Influencing Learning Achievement in Grade Six.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Narayan, Deepa, ed. 2005. Measuring Empowerment: Cross-Disci-
plinary Perspectives. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Narayan, Deepa, and Elena Glinskaya, eds. 2006. Ending
Poverty in South Asia: Ideas That Work. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Ndulu, Benno, L. Chakraborti, L. Lijane, V. Ramachandran,
and J. Wolgin. 2007. Challenges of African Growth: Opportuni-
ties, Constraints, and Strategic Directions. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Noel, Michel, Zeynep Kantur, Yevgeny Krasnov, and Sue Rut-
ledge. 2006. Development of Capital Markets and Institutional
Investors in Russia: Recent Achievements and Policy Challenges
Ahead. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Patrinos, Harry, and Gillete Hall, eds. 2006. Indigenous Peoples,
Poverty, and Human Development in Latin America. London:
Palgrave-Macmillan.
Perry, Guillermo E., Omar Arias, Pablo Fajnzylber, William F.
Maloney, Andrew Mason, and Jaime Saavedra-Chanduvi.
2007. Informality: Exit and Exclusion. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Pomerleano, Michael, and William Shaw, eds. 2005. Corporate
Restructuring: Lessons from Experience. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Preker, Alexander S., Xingzhu Liu, and Edit V. Velenyi, eds.
2007. Public Ends, Private Means: Strategic Purchasing of Health
Services. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Revenga, Ana, Mead Over, Wiwat Peerapatanapokin, Sombat
Thanprasertsuk, Emiko Masaki, Viroj Tangcharoensathien,
and Julian Gold. 2006. The Economics of Effective AIDS Treat-
ment: Evaluating Policy Options for Thailand. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Rossotto, Carlo Maria, Bjorn Wellenius, Anat Lewin, and Carlos
R. Gomez. 2004. Competition in International Voice Communi-
cations. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Ruitenbeek, Jack, Indumathie Hewawasam, and Magnus Ngoile,
eds. 2005. BLUEPRINT 2050: Sustaining the Marine Environ-
ment in Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Sage, Caroline Mary, and Michael Woolcock, eds. 2006. The
World Bank Legal Review, Volume 2: Law, Equity, and Develop-
ment. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and The Hague, Neth-
erlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Sargsyan, Gevorg, Ani Balabanyan, and Denzel Hankinson. 2006.
From Crisis to Stability in the Armenian Power Sector: Lessons
Learned from Armenia’s Energy Reform Experience. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
188
Schiff, Maurice, and Çaglar Özden, eds. 2005. International Mi-
gration, Remittances, and the Brain Drain. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank; and Basingstoke, U.K.: Palgrave Macmillan.
______. 2007. International Migration, Economic Development
& Policy. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Basingstoke,
U.K.: Palgrave Macmillan.
Schott, Paul Allan. 2006. Reference Guide to Anti-Money Launder-
ing and Combating the Financing of Terrorism, Second Edition.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Stapenhurst, Rick, Niall Johnston, and Riccardo Pelizzo, eds.
2006. The Role of Parliaments in Curbing Corruption. Washing-
ton, D.C.: World Bank.
Stern, Nicholas, Jean-Jacques Dethier, and F. Halsey Rogers,
eds. 2005. Growth and Empowerment: Making Development
Happen. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Subbarao, Kalanidhi, and Diane Coury. 2004. Reaching Out to
Africa’s Orphans: A Framework for Public Action. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Thomas, Vinod. 2006. From Inside Brazil: Development in the Land
of Contrasts. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Stanford,
CA: Stanford University Press.
Valdes, Alberto, and Kym Anderson, eds. Forthcoming. Distor-
tions to Agricultural Incentives: Latin America. Washington,
D.C.: The World Bank.
van Greuning, Hennie. 2006. International Financial Reporting
Standards (Fourth Edition): A Practical Guide. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
Whitehouse, Edward. 2006. Pensions Panorama: Retirement-Income
Systems in 53 Countries. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Wilson, John S., and Henson Spencer, eds. 2005. The WTO and
Technical Barriers to Trade. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar.
Winters Alan, and Shahid Yusuf, eds. 2007. Dancing with Giants:
China, India, and the Global Economy. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
Wodon, Quentin T., ed. 2006. Migration, Remittances and Poverty:
Case Studies from West Africa. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Wodon, Quentin T., and Antonio Estache, eds. 2006. Infrastruc-
ture and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and Japan Bank for In-
ternational Cooperation. 2005. Connecting East Asia: A New
Framework for Infrastructure. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
World Bank and ECLAC. 2006. Trade CAN 2005: Database Tool
to Analyze International Competitiveness. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
World Bank and International Monetary Fund. 2005. Fi-
nancial Sector Assessment: A Handbook. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
World Bank and OECD. 2006. Liberalization and Universal Ac-
cess to Basic Services: Telecommunications, Water and Sanitation,
Financial Services, and Electricity. Washington, D.C.: World
Bank; and Paris, France: OECD.
World Bank, OECD, and International Organization for Migra-
tion. 2004. Trade and Migration: Building Bridges for Global
Labor Mobility. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Paris,
France: OECD.
World Bank. 2004. A Guide to Competitive Vouchers in Health. Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2004. Improving Health, Nutrition and Population Outcomes
in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of the World Bank. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2004. Responsible Growth for the New Millennium: Inte-
grating Society, Ecology, and the Economy. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
______. 2005. Agriculture Investment Sourcebook. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2005. China’s Ownership Transformation: Process, Outcomes,
Prospects. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2005. East Asia Decentralizes: Making Local Government
Work. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2005. Economic Growth in the 1990s: Learning from a De-
cade of Reform. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2005. How Much Is an Ecosystem Worth? Assessing the Eco-
nomic Value of Conservation. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2005. Rolling Back Malaria: World Bank Global Strategy &
Booster Program. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2005. Shaping the Future of Water for Agriculture: A Sour-
cebook for Investment in Agricultural Water Management. Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2005. Where Is the Wealth of Nations? Measuring Capital for
the 21st Century. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2006. Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services:
A Toolkit. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2006. Information and Communications for Develop-
ment 2006: Global Trends and Policies. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
______. 2006. Infrastructure at the Crossroads: Lessons from 20 Years
of World Bank Experience. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2006. Port Reform Toolkit CD, Second Edition: Effective
Support for Policymakers and Practitioners. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
______. 2006. Technology, Adaptation, and Exports: How Some Devel-
oping Countries Got It Right. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2007. The Africa Multi-Country AIDS Program 2000-2006:
Results of the World Bank’s Response to a Development Crisis.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2007. Corporate Responses to HIV/AIDS: Case Studies from
India. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
189
______. 2007. Developing the Domestic Government Debt Market :
From Diagnostics to Reform Implementation. Washington, D.C.:
World Bank.
______. 2007. Managing Public Debt: From Diagnostics to Reform
Implementation. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Yusuf, Shahid, M. Anjum Altaf, and Kaoru Nabeshima, eds. 2004.
Global Change and East Asian Policy Initiatives. Washington,
D.C.: World Bank; and New York, N.Y.: Oxford University
Press.
______. 2004. Global Production Networking and Technological
Change in East Asia. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and New
York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Yusuf, Shahid, and Kaoru Nabeshima. 2006. Postindustrial East
Asian Cities: Innovation for Growth. Washington, D.C.: World
Bank; and Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
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C. Articles Published in the World Bank Economic Review and World Bank Research Observer
Adam, Christopher S., and David L. Bevan. 2006. “Aid and the
Supply Side: Public Investment, Export Performance, and
Dutch Disease in Low-Income Countries.” World Bank Eco-
nomic Review 20(2): 261–90.
Alderman, Harold, and Jere R. Behrman. 2006. “Reducing the
Incidence of Low Birth Weight in Low-Income Countries
Has Substantial Economic Benefits.” World Bank Research
Observer 21(1): 25–48.
Anderson, Kym, Will Martin, and Dominique van der Mensbrug-
ghe. 2006. Preference Erosion: A Symposium. “Doha Mer-
chandise Trade Reform: What Is at Stake for Developing
Countries?” World Bank Economic Review 20(2): 169–95.
Aroca, Patricio, Mariano Bosch, and William F. Maloney. 2005.
“Spatial Dimensions of Trade Liberalization and Economic
Convergence: Mexico 1985–2002.” World Bank Economic Re-
view 19(3): 345–78.
Aroca, Patricio, and William F. Maloney. 2005. “Migration, Trade,
and Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico.” World Bank Eco-
nomic Review 19(3): 449–72.
Baffes, John. 2005. “The Cotton Problem.” World Bank Research
Observer 20(1): 109–44.
Banerjee, Abhijit, and Thomas Piketty. 2005. “Top Indian In-
comes, 1922–2000.” World Bank Economic Review 19(1): 1–20.
Beine, Michel, Frederic Docquier, and Hillel Rapoport. 2007.
A New Data Base. “Measuring International Skilled Migra-
tion: A New Database Controlling for Age of Entry.” World
Bank Economic Review 21(2): 249–54.
Bell, Clive, Shantayanan Devarajan, and Hans Gersbach. 2006.
“The Long-Run Economic Costs of AIDS: A Model with an
Application to South Africa.” World Bank Economic Review
20(1): 55–89.
Berglöf, Erik, and Stijn Claessens. 2006.”Enforcement and
Good Corporate Governance in Developing Countries and
Transition Economies.” World Bank Research Observer 21(1):
123–50.
Bhattasali, Deepak, Li Shantong, and Will Martin. 2004. “Chi-
na’s Accession to the World Trade Organization, Policy Re-
form, and Poverty Reduction: An Introduction.” World Bank
Economic Review 18(1): 1–2.
Bigsten, Arne, and Mans Söderbom. 2006. “What Have We
Learned from a Decade of Manufacturing Enterprise Sur-
veys in Africa?” World Bank Research Observer 21(2): 241–65.
Blonigen, Bruce A. 2005. “The Effects of NAFTA on Antidump-
ing and Countervailing Duty Activity.” World Bank Economic
Review 19(3): 407–24.
Blunch, Niels-Hugo, and Dorte Verner. 2004. “Asymmetries in
the Union Wage Premium in Ghana.” World Bank Economic
Review 18(2): 237–52.
Bortolotti, Bernardo, and Enrico Perotti. 2007. “From Gov-
ernment to Regulatory Governance: Privatization and the
Residual Role of the State.” World Bank Research Observer
22(1): 53–66.
Bown, Chad P. 2005. “Participation in WTO Dispute Settle-
ment: Complainants, Interested Parties, and Free Riders.”
World Bank Economic Review 19(2): 287–310.
Brun, Jean-François, Céline Carrère, Patrick Guillaumont,
and Jaime de Melo. 2005. “Has Distance Died? Evidence
from a Panel Gravity Model.” World Bank Economic Review
19(1): 99–120.
Buckley, Robert M., and Jerry Kalarickal. 2005. “Housing Policy
in Developing Countries: Conjectures and Refutations.”
World Bank Research Observer 20(2): 233–57.
Cadot, Olivier, Céline Carrère, Jaime de Melo, and Alberto Por-
tugal-Pérez. 2005. “Market Access and Welfare under Free
Trade Agreements: Textiles under NAFTA.” World Bank
Economic Review 19(3): 379–405.
Cadot, Olivier, Jaime de Melo, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2004.
“Lobbying, Counterlobbying, and the Structure of Tariff
Protection in Poor and Rich Countries.” World Bank Econom-
ic Review 18(3): 345–66.
Carstensen, Kai, and Erich Gundlach. 2006. “The Primacy of
Institutions Reconsidered: Direct Income Effects of Malaria
Prevalence.” World Bank Economic Review 20(3): 309–39.
Chaudhury, Nazmul, and Jeffrey S. Hammer. 2004. “Ghost Doc-
tors: Absenteeism in Rural Bangladeshi Health Facilities.”
World Bank Economic Review 18(3): 423–41.
Chen, Shaohua, and Martin Ravallion. 2004. “How Have the
195
World’s Poorest Fared since the Early 1980s?” World Bank
Research Observer 19(2): 141–69.
Claessens, Stijn. 2006. “Access to Financial Services: A Review
of the Issues and Public Policy Objectives.” World Bank Re-
search Observer 21(2): 207–40.
______. 2006. “Corporate Governance and Development.” World
Bank Research Observer 21(1): 91–122.
Cubbin, John, and Jon Stern. 2006. “The Impact of Regulatory
Governance and Privatization on Electricity Industry Gen-
eration Capacity in Developing Economies.” World Bank
Economic Review 20(1): 115–41.
Cuevas, Alfredo, Miguel Messmacher, and Alejandro Wer-
ner. 2005. “Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico since
the Approval of NAFTA.” World Bank Economic Review
19(3): 473–88.
Das, Jishnu, Quy-Toan Do, and Berk Özler. 2005. “Reassessing
Conditional Cash Transfer Programs.” World Bank Research
Observer 20(1): 57–80.
De Janvry, Alain, and Elisabeth Sadoulet. 2006. “Making Con-
ditional Cash Transfer Programs More Efficient: Designing
for Maximum Effect of the Conditionality.” World Bank Eco-
nomic Review 20(1): 1–29.
De la Torre, Augusto, Juan Carlos Gozzi, and Sergio L. Schmukler.
2007. “Financial Development: Maturing and Emerging
Policy Issues.” World Bank Research Observer 22(1): 67–102.
de Melo, Jaime. 2007. Symposium in Memory of Riccardo Faini.
Migration, Remittances, and the Brain Drain. “Migration,
Remittances, and the Brain Drain: A Symposium in Memory
of Riccardo Faini – An Introduction.” World Bank Economic
Review 21(2): 173–76.
Deaton, Angus, and Valerie Kozel. 2005. “Data and Dogma: The
Great Indian Poverty Debate.” World Bank Research Observer
20(2): 177–99.
Devarajan, Shantayanan, and William Jack. 2007. In Memorium:
Enzo Grilli 1943-2006. “Protecting the Vulnerable: The
Tradeoff between Risk Reduction and Public Insurance.”
World Bank Economic Review 21(1): 73–91.
Docquier, Frederic, Olivier Lohest, and Abdeslam Marfouk.
2007. Symposium in Memory of Riccardo Faini. Migration,
Remittances, and the Brain Drain. “Brain Drain in Develop-
ing Countries.” World Bank Economic Review 21(2): 193–218.
Dollar, David. 2005. “Globalization, Poverty, and Inequality
since 1980.” World Bank Research Observer 20(2): 145–75.
Duclos, Jean-Yves, David Sahn, and Stephen D. Younger. 2006.
“Robust Multidimensional Spatial Poverty Comparisons in
Ghana, Madagascar, and Uganda.” World Bank Economic Re-
view 20(1): 91–113.
Elbers, Chris, Jan Willem Gunning, and Bill Kinsey. 2007. In
Memorium: Enzo Grilli 1943-2006. “Growth and Risk:
Methodology and Micro Evidence.” World Bank Economic
Review 21(1): 1–20.
Elbers, Chris, Peter F. Lanjouw, Johan A. Mistiaen, Berk Özler,
and Ken Simler. 2004. “On the Unequal Inequality of Poor
Communities.” World Bank Economic Review 18(3): 401–21.
Emerson, Patrick M., and Andre Portela Souza. 2007. A New
Data Base. “Child Labor, School Attendance, and Intra-
household Gender Bias in Brazil.” World Bank Economic Re-
view 21(2): 301–16.
Faini, Riccardo. 2007. Symposium in Memory of Riccardo Faini.
Migration, Remittances, and the Brain Drain. “Remittanc-
es and the Brain Drain: Do More Skilled Migrants Remit
More?” World Bank Economic Review 21(2): 177–91.
Fajnzylber, Pablo, William Maloney, and Gabriel Montes Ro-
jas. 2006. “Microenterprise Dynamics in Developing Coun-
tries: How Similar are They to Those in the Industrialized
World? Evidence from Mexico.” World Bank Economic Review
20(3): 389–419.
Fiess, Norbert. 2007. In Memorium: Enzo Grilli 1943-2006.
“Business Cycle Synchronization and Regional Integration:
A Case Study for Central America.” World Bank Economic Re-
view 21(1): 49–72.
François, Joseph, Bernard Hoekman, and Miriam Manchin. 2006.
Preference Erosion: A Symposium. “Preference Erosion and
Multilateral Trade Liberalization.” World Bank Economic Re-
view 20(2): 197–216.
Friebel, Guido, and Sergei Guriev. 2005. “Attaching Workers
through In-Kind Payments: Theory and Evidence from Rus-
sia.” World Bank Economic Review 19(2): 175–202.
Galasso, Emanuela, and Martin Ravallion. 2004. “Social Protec-
tion in a Crisis: Argentina’s Plan Jefes y Jefas.” World Bank
Economic Review 18(3): 367–99.
Gauri, Varun, and Ayesha Vawda. 2004. “Vouchers for Basic Ed-
ucation in Developing Economies: An Accountability Per-
spective.” World Bank Research Observer 19(2): 259–80.
Gibson, John, and Scott Rozelle. 2005. “Prices and Unit Values
in Poverty Measurement and Tax Reform Analysis.” World
Bank Economic Review 19(1): 69–97.
Görg, Holger, and David Greenaway. 2004. “Much Ado about Noth-
ing? Do Domestic Firms Really Benefit from Foreign Direct
Investment?” World Bank Research Observer 19(2): 171–97.
Graham, Carol. 2005. “Insights on Development from the Econom-
ics of Happiness.” World Bank Research Observer 20(2): 201–31.
Gunnarsson, Victoria, Peter F. Orazem, and Mario A. Sánchez.
2006. “Child Labor and School Achievement in Latin Amer-
ica.” World Bank Economic Review 20(1): 31–54.
Harrison, Glenn W., Thomas F. Rutherford, David G. Tarr, and
Angelo Gurgel. 2004. “Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction
in Brazil.” World Bank Economic Review 18(3): 289–317.
196
Hertel, Thomas W., Maros Ivanic, Paul V. Preckel, and John A.L.
Cranfield. 2004. “The Earnings Effects of Multilateral Trade
Liberalization: Implications for Poverty.” World Bank Eco-
nomic Review 18(2): 205–36.
Hoekman, Bernard. 2006. Preference Erosion: A Symposium.
“The Doha Round and Preference Erosion: A Symposium.”
World Bank Economic Review 20(2): 165–68.
Hoekman, Bernard, Francis Ng, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2004.
“Agricultural Tariffs or Subsidies: Which Are More Impor-
tant for Developing Economies?” World Bank Economic Re-
view 18(2): 175–204
Hulten, Charles R., Esra Bennathan, and Sylaja Srinivasan. 2006.
“Infrastructure, Externalities, and Economic Development:
A Study of the Indian Manufacturing Industry.” World Bank
Economic Review 20(2): 291–308.
Isham, Jonathan, Michael Woolcock, Lant Pritchett, and Gwen
Busby. 2005. “The Varieties of Resource Experience: Natural
Resource Export Structures and the Political Economy of Eco-
nomic Growth.” World Bank Economic Review 19(2): 141–74.
Jack, William, and Jean O. Lanjouw. 2005. “Financing Pharma-
ceutical Innovation: How Much Should Poor Countries Con-
tribute?” World Bank Economic Review 19(1): 45–67.
Jayaraman, Rajshri, and Peter F. Lanjouw. 2004. “Small–Scale
Industry, Environmental Regulation, and Poverty: The Case
of Brazil.” World Bank Economic Review 18(3): 443–64.
Jayasuriya, Ruwan, and Quentin Wodon. 2005. “Measuring and
Explaining the Impact of Productive Efficiency on Economic
Development.” World Bank Economic Review 19(1): 121–40.
Kaufmann, Daniel, Aart Kraay, and Massimo Mastruzzi. 2004. A
Development Database. “Governance Matters III: Gover-
nance Indicators for 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002.” World Bank
Economic Review 18(2): 253–87.
Keefer, Philip, and Stuti Khemani. 2005. “Democracy, Public
Expenditures, and the Poor. Understanding Political Incen-
tives for Providing Public Services.” World Bank Research Ob-
server 20(1): 1–27.
Kessides, Ioannis N. 2005. “Infrastructure Privatization and
Regulation: Promises and Perils.” World Bank Research Ob-
server 20(1): 81–108.
Khandkher, Shahidur R. 2005. “Microfinance and Poverty: Evi-
dence Using Panel Data from Bangladesh.” World Bank Eco-
nomic Review 19(2): 263–86.
Kirkpatrick, Colin, David Parker, and Yin-Fang Zhang. 2006.
“An Empirical Analysis of State and Private-Sector Provi-
sion of Water Services in Africa.” World Bank Economic Re-
view 20(1): 143–63.
Kraay, Aart, and Vikram Nehru. 2006. “When Is External Debt
Sustainable?” World Bank Economic Review 20(3): 341–65.
Kurukulasuriya, Pradeep, Robert Mendelsohn, Rashid Hassan,
James Benhin, Temesgen Deressa, Mbaye Diop, Helmy
Mohamed Eid, K. Yerfi Fosu, Glwadys Gbetibouo, Suman
Jain, Ali Mahamadou, Renneth Mano, Jane Kabubo-Mariara,
Samia El-Marsafawy, Ernest Molua, Samiha Ouda, Mathieu
Ouedraogo, Isidor Séne, David Maddison, S. Niggol Seo, and
Ariel Dinar. 2006. “Will African Agriculture Survive Climate
Change?” World Bank Economic Review 20(3): 367–88.
Larson, Donald F., Jock R. Anderson, and Panos Varangis. 2004.
“Policies on Managing Risk in Agricultural Markets.” World
Bank Research Observer 19(2):199–230.
Larson, Donald F., and Mauricio León. 2006. “How Endow-
ments, Accumulations, and Choice Determine the Geogra-
phy of Agricultural Productivity in Ecuador.” World Bank
Economic Review 20(3): 449–71.
Lederman, Daniel, and Luis Servén. 2005. “Tracking NAFTA’s
Shadow 10 Years on: Introduction to the Symposium.” World
Bank Economic Review 19(3): 335–44.
Limão, Nuno, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2006. Preference Erosion:
A Symposium. “Trade Preferences to Small Developing
Countries and the Welfare Costs of Lost Multilateral Liber-
alization.” World Bank Economic Review 20(2): 217–40.
Lokshin, Michael, and Ruslan Yemtsov. 2005. “Has Rural Infra-
structure Rehabilitation in Georgia Helped the Poor?” World
Bank Economic Review 19(2): 311–33.
Maloney, William F., Wendy V. Cunningham, and Mariano Bosch.
2004. “The Distribution of Income Shocks during Crises: An
Application of Quintile Analysis to Mexico, 1992–95.” World
Bank Economic Review 18(2): 155–74.
Maloney, William F., Pablo Fajnzylber, and Gabriel Montes Ro-
jas. 2006. “Micro-Firm Dynamics in Less Developed Coun-
tries: How Similar Are They to Those in the Industrialized
World? Evidence from Mexico.” World Bank Economic Review
20(3): 389–419.
Milanovic, Branko. 2005. “Can We Discern the Effect of Global-
ization on Income Distribution? Evidence from Household
Surveys.” World Bank Economic Review 19(1): 21–44.
Montiel, Peter J. 2005. “Public Debt Management and Macro-
economic Stability: An Overview.” World Bank Research Ob-
server 20(2): 259–81.
Montiel, Peter, and Luis Servén. 2006. “Macroeconomic Stabil-
ity in Developing Countries: How Much Is Enough?” World
Bank Research Observer 21(2): 151–78.
Morrison, Andrew, Mary Ellsberg, and Sarah Bott. 2007. “Ad-
dressing Gender-Based Violence: A Critical Review of Inter-
ventions.” World Bank Research Observer 22(1): 25–51.
Nicita, Alessandro, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2007. “Trade, Pro-
duction, and Protection Database, 1976–2004.” World Bank
Economic Review 21(1): 165–71.
O’Donnell, Owen, Eddy van Doorslaer, Ravi P. Rannan-Eliya, Apar-
197
naa Somanathan, Shiva Raj Adhikari, Deni Harbianto, Charu C.
Garg, Piya Hanvoravongchai, Mohammed N. Huq, Anup Karan,
Gabriel M. Leung, Chiu Wan Ng, Badri Raj Pande, Keith Tin,
Kanjana Tisayaticom, Laksono Trisnantoro, Yuhui Zhang, and
Yuxin Zhao. 2007. In Memorium: Enzo Grilli 1943-2006. “The
Incidence of Public Spending on Healthcare: Comparative Ev-
idence from Asia.” World Bank Economic Review 21(1): 93–123.
Özden, Çaglar, and Gunjan Sharma. 2006. Preference Erosion: A
Symposium. “Price Effects and Preferential Market Access:
Caribbean Basin Initiative and the Apparel Sector.” World
Bank Economic Review 20(2): 241–59.
Pack, Howard, and Kamal Saggi. 2006. “Is There a Case for In-
dustrial Policy? A Critical Survey.” World Bank Research Ob-
server 21(2): 267–97.
Pavcnik, Nina, Andreas Blom, Pinelopi Goldberg, and Norbert
Schady. 2004. “Trade Liberalization and Industry Wage
Structure: Evidence from Brazil.” World Bank Economic Re-
view 18(3): 319–44.
Paxson, Christina, and Norbert Schady. 2005. “Child Health
and Economic Crisis in Peru.” World Bank Economic Review
19(2): 203–23.
Pfaffenzeller, Stephan, Paul Newbold, and Anthony Rayner.
2007. In Memorium: Enzo Grilli 1943-2006. “A Short Note
on Updating the Grilli and Yang Commodity Price Index.”
World Bank Economic Review 21(1): 151–63.
Pradhan, Menno, Fadia Saadah, and Robert Sparrow. 2007. “Did
the Health Card Program Ensure Access to Medical Care for
the Poor during Indonesia’s Economic Crisis?” World Bank
Economic Review 21(1): 125–50.
Pritchett, Lant. 2006. “Who Is Not Poor? Dreaming of a World Tru-
ly Free of Poverty.” World Bank Research Observer 21(1): 1–23.
Rawlings, Laura, and Gloria M. Rubio. 2005. “Evaluating the
Impact of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs.” World Bank
Research Observer 20(1): 29–55.
Robertson, Raymond. 2005. “Has NAFTA Increased Labor Mar-
ket Integration between the United States and Mexico?”
World Bank Economic Review 19(3): 425–48.
Roodman, David. 2007. A New Data Base.”The Anarchy of
Numbers: Aid, Development, and Cross-Country Empirics.”
World Bank Economic Review 21(2): 255–77.
Schady, Norbert R. 2004. “Do Macroeconomic Crises Always
Slow Human Capital Accumulation?” World Bank Economic
Review 18(2): 131–54.
Stifel, David, and Harold Alderman. 2006. “The ‘Glass of Milk’
Subsidy Program and Malnutrition in Peru. “ World Bank
Economic Review 20(3): 421–48.
Stifel, David, and Luc Christiaensen. 2007. “Tracking Poverty
over Time in the Absence of Comparable Consumption
Data.” World Bank Economic Review 21(2): 317–41.
Van der Sluis, Justin, Mirjam van Praag, and Wim Vijverberg.
2005. “Entrepreneurship Selection and Performance: A Me-
ta-Analysis of the Impact of Education in Developing Econ-
omies.” World Bank Economic Review 19(2): 225–61.
Vives, Xavier. 2006. “Banking and Regulation in Emerging Mar-
kets: The Role of External Discipline.” World Bank Research
Observer 21(2): 179–206.
Vodopivec, Milan. 2006. “Choosing a System of Unemployment
Income Support: Guidelines for Developing and Transition
Countries.” World Bank Research Observer 21(1): 49–89.
Wunder, Sven, and William D. Sunderlin. 2004. “Oil, Macroeco-
nomics, and Forests: Assessing the Linkages.” World Bank
Research Observer 19(2): 231–57.
Yang, Dean, and HwaJung Choi. 2007. Symposium in Memory
of Riccardo Faini. Migration, Remittances, and the Brain
Drain. “Are Remittances Insurance? Evidence from Rain-
fall Shocks in the Philippines.” World Bank Economic Review
21(2): 219–48.
Yeyati, Eduardo Levy. 2007. In Memorium: Enzo Grilli
1943-2006. “Dollars, Debt, and International Financial In-
stitutions: Dedollarizing Multilateral Lending.” World Bank
Economic Review 21(1): 21–47.
Zarar, Ali. 2007. “The Growing Relationship between China and
Sub-Saharan Africa: Macroeconomic, Trade, Investment, and
Aid Links.” World Bank Research Observer 22(1): 103–30.
Zhang, Xiaobo, and Kong-Yam Tan. 2007. A New Data Base. “In-
cremental Reform and Distortions in China’s Product and
Factor Markets.” World Bank Economic Review 21(2): 279–99.
Zwane, Alix Peterson, and Michael Kremer. 2007. “What Works
in Fighting Diarrheal Diseases in Developing Countries? A
Critical Review.” World Bank Research Observer 22(1): 1–24.
D. Journal Articles
Acosta, Pablo, Cesar Calderon, Pablo Fajnzylber, and Humber-
to Lopez. 2006. “Remittances and Development in Latin
America.” World Economy 29(7): 957–87.
Adams, R.H. 2004. “Economic Growth, Inequality and Poverty:
Estimating the Growth Elasticity of Poverty.” World Develop-
ment 32(12): 1989–2014.
______. 2006. “International Remittances and the Household:
Analysis and Review of Global Evidence.” Journal of African
Economies 15(2): 396–425.
Adams, Richard H., Jr., and John Page. 2005. “Do International
Remittances Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries?”
World Development 33(10): 1645–69.
Agarwal, Sumit, Souphala Chomsisengphet, and Olivier Hassler.
2005. “The Impact of the 2001 Financial Crisis and the Eco-
198
nomic Policy Responses on the Argentine Mortgage Mar-
ket.” Journal of Housing Economics 14(3): 242–70.
Agénor, Pierre-Richard, Nihal Bayraktar, Emmanuel Pinto Mor-
eira, and Karim El Aynaoui. 2006. “Achieving the Millen-
nium Development Goals in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Macro-
economic Monitoring Framework.” World Economy 29(11):
1519–47.
Aggarwal, Reena, Sandeep Dahiya, Klapper, Leora. 2007. “ADR
Holdings of US-Based Emerging Market Funds.” Journal of
Banking and Finance 31(6): 1649–67.
Agénor, Pierre-Richard, Mustapha K. Nabli, Tarik Yousef,
and Henning Tarp Jensen. 2007. “Labor Market Reforms,
Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-Exporting Countries
in the Middle East and North Africa.” Journal of Policy Mod-
eling 29(2): 277–309.
Agénor, Pierre-Richard, and Lodovico Pizzati. 2005. “Disinfla-
tion and the Supply Side.” Journal of Macroeconomics 27(4):
596–620.
Aggarwal, Reena, Sandeep Dahiya, and Leora Klapper. 2007.
“American Depositary Receipts (ADR) Holdings of U.S.
Based Emerging Market Funds.” Journal of Banking and Fi-
nance 31(6): 1649–67.
Aggarwal, Reena, Leora Klapper, and Peter Wysocki. 2005.
“Portfolio Preferences of Foreign Institutional Investors.”
Journal of Banking and Finance 29(12): 2919–46.
Ahmad, Junaid, Bishwanath Goldar, and Smita Misra. 2005.
“Value of Arsenic-Free Drinking Water to Rural Households
in Bangladesh.” Journal of Environmental Management 74(2):
173–85.
______. 2006. “Rural Communities’ Preferences for Arsenic Mit-
igation Options in Bangladesh.” Journal of Water and Health
4(4): 463–77.
Ahman, E.L., and I.H. Shah. 2006. “Contraceptive Use, Fertility,
and Unsafe Abortion in Developing Countries.” European
Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care 11(2):
126–31.
Ainsworth, Martha, Kathleen Beegle, and Godlike Koda. 2005.
“The Impact of Adult Mortality and Parental Deaths on Pri-
mary Schooling in North-Western Tanzania.” Journal of De-
velopment Studies 41(3): 412–39.
Ainsworth, Martha, and Deon Filmer. 2006. “Inequalities in
Children’s Schooling: AIDS, Orphanhood, Poverty, and Gen-
der.” World Development 34(6): 1099–128.
Aizenman, Joshua, Kenneth M. Kletzer, and Brian Pinto. 2005.
“Sargent-Wallace Meets Krugman-Flood-Garber, or: Why
Sovereign Debt Swaps Do Not Avert Macroeconomic Cri-
ses.” Economic Journal 115(503): 343–67.
Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan. 2006. “Is Intrajurisdictional Resource
Allocation Equitable? An Analysis of Campus-Level Spend-
ing Data for Texas Elementary Schools.” Quarterly Review of
Economics and Finance 46(4): 552–64.
Akala, Francisca A., and Sameh El-Saharty. 2006. “Public-Health
Challenges in the Middle East and North Africa.” Lancet
367(9515): 961–4.
Alatas, Vivi. 2004. “Reducing Poverty in Asia: Emerging Issues
in Growth, Targeting and Measurement. – A review.” Bulletin
of Indonesian Economic Studies 40(3): 410–12.
Alberini, Anna, Maureen Cropper, Alan Krupnick, and Nathalie
B. Simon. 2004. “Does the Value of a Statistical Life Vary
With Age and Health Status? Evidence from the US and
Canada.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
48(1): 769–92.
______. 2006. “Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reduc-
tions: Does Latency Matter?” Journal of Risk and Uncertainty
32(3): 231–45.
Albuquerque, Rui, Norman V. Loayza, and Luis Servén. 2005.
“World Market Integration through the Lens of Foreign
Direct Investors.” Journal of International Economics 66(2):
267–95.
Alderman, Harold. 2005. “Linkages between Poverty Reduction
Strategies and Child Nutrition: An Asian Perspective.” Eco-
nomic and Political Weekly 40(46): 4837–42.
______. 2007. “Improving Nutrition through Community Growth
Promotion: Longitudinal Study of the Nutrition and Early
Child Development Program in Uganda.” World Development
35(8): 1376–89.
Alderman, Harold, Jere R. Behrman, and John Hoddinott. 2007.
“Doha, Development and Discrimination.” Pacific Economic
Review 12(3): 267–92.
______. 2007. “Economic and Nutritional Analyses Offer Sub-
stantial Synergies for Understanding Human Nutrition.”
Journal of Nutrition 137(3): 537–44.
Alderman, Harold, Luc Christiaensen, and Takashi Yamano. 2005.
“Child Growth, Shocks, and Food Aid in Rural Ethiopia.”
American Journal of Agricultural Economics 87(2): 273–88.
Alderman, Harold, and Trina Haque. 2006. “Countercyclical
Safety Nets for the Poor and Vulnerable.” Food Policy 31(4):
372–83.
Alderman, Harold, John Hoddinott, and William Kinsey. 2006.
“Long Term Consequences of Early Childhood Malnutri-
tion.” Oxford Economic Papers 58(3): 450–74.
Alderman, Harold, Hans Hoogeveen, and Mariacristina Rossi.
2006. “Reducing Child Malnutrition in Tanzania: Combined
Effects of Income Growth and Program Interventions.” Eco-
nomics and Human Biology 4(1): 1–23.
Alderman, Harold, Joseph Konde-Lule, Isaac Sebuliba, Donald
Bundy, and Andrew Hall. 2006. “Effect on Weight Gain of
Routinely Giving Albendazole to Preschool Children during
199
Child Health Days in Uganda: Cluster Randomized Con-
trolled Trial.” British Medical Journals 333(7559): 122–4.
______. 2006. “Increased Weight Gain in Preschool Children
Due to Mass Albendazole Treatment Given during ‘Child
Health Days’ in Uganda: A Cluster Randomized Controlled
Trial.” British Medical Journal 333: 122–26.
Alexandre, Michel Lima, Gilberto Tadeu, and Otaviano Canuto.
2006. “Determinantes das Decisoes Locacionais da Ativi-
dade Financiera. “ (Determinants of Financial Sector Loca-
tion Decisions). Nova Economia 16(2): 243–63.
Alexandrova, Anastassia, Ellen L. Hamilton, and Polina Kuz-
netsova. 2006. “What Can Be Learned from Introducing Set-
tlement Typology into Urban Poverty Analysis: The Case of
the Tomsk Region, Russia.” Urban Studies 43 (7): 1177–89.
Almeida, Rita. 2007. “The Labor Market Effects of Foreign Owned
Firms.” Journal of International Economics 72(1): 75–96.
Amacher, Gregory, Lire Ersado, Donald Leo Grebner, and Wil-
liam F. Hyde. 2004.”Disease, Microdams and Natural Re-
sources in Tigray, Ethiopia: Impacts on Productivity and La-
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201
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International Research Journal of Finance and Economics 1:
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“Government Finance in the Wake of Currency Crises.”
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Agénor, Pierre-Richard, and Blanca Moreno-Dodson. 2006.
“Public Infrastructure and Growth: New Channels and Poli-
cy Implications.” Policy Research Working Paper 4064.
Agenor, Pierre-Richard, Mustapha K. Nabli, and Tarik M. Yousef.
2005. “Public Infrastructure and Private Investment in the
229
Middle East and North Africa.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3661.
Aggarwal, Reena, Sandeep Dahiya, and Leora Klapper. 2005.
“American Depositary Receipts (ADR) Holdings of U.S.
Based Emerging Market Funds.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3538.
Aggarwal, Reena, Asli Demirguc-Kunt, and Maria Soledad Mar-
tinez Peria. 2006. “Do Workers’ Remittances Promote Finan-
cial Development?” Policy Research Working Paper 3957.
Ahmad, Junaid, Shantayanan Devarajan, and Stuti Khemani.
2005. “Decentralization and Service Delivery.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3603.
Ahmad, Junaid, Shantayanan Devarajan, Stuti Khemani, and
Shekhar Shah. 2005. “Decentralization and Service Deliv-
ery.” Policy Research Working Paper 3603.
Ahsan, Ahmad, and Carmen Pages. 2007. “Are All Labor Regula-
tions Equal? Assessing The Effects of Job Security, Labor
Dispute, and Contract Labor Laws in India.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4259.
Akresh, Richard, Philip Verwimp, and Tom Bundervoet. 2007.
“Civil War, Crop Failure, and Child Stunting in Rwanda.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4208.
Aksoy, M. Ataman, and Aylin Isik-Dikmelik. 2007. “The Role
of Services in Rural Income: The Case of Vietnam.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4180.
Aldaz-Carroll, Enrique. 2006. “Regional Approaches to Better
Standards Systems.” Policy Research Working Paper 3948.
Alderman, Harold, Hans Hoogeveen, and Mariacristina Rossi.
2005. “Reducing Child Malnutrition in Tanzania - Combined
Effects of Income Growth and Program Interventions.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3567.
Ali, Daniel Ayalew, and Klaus Deininger. 2007. “Do Overlapping
Property Rights Reduce Agricultural Investment? Evidence
from Uganda.” Policy Research Working Paper 4310.
Allayannis, George, Gregory W. Brown, and Leora F. Klapper.
2005. “Legal Effectiveness and External Capital: The Role
of Foreign Debt.” Policy Research Working Paper 3530.
Allcott, Hunt, Daniel Lederman, and Ramon Lopez. 2006. “Po-
litical Institutions, Inequality, and Agricultural Growth: The
Public Expenditure Connection.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3902.
Allen, Franklin, Rajesh Chakrabarti, Sankar De, Jun Qian, and
Meijun Qian. 2006. “Financing Firms in India.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3975.
Alm, James, Patricia Annez, and Arbind Modi. 2004. “Stamp Du-
ties in Indian States - A Case For Reform.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3413.
Almeida, Rita. 2005. “Local Economic Structure and Growth.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3728.
Almeida, Rita, and Pedro Carneiro. 2005. “Enforcement of La-
bor Regulation, Informal Labor, and Firm Performance.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3756.
_____. 2006. “The Return to Firm Investment in Human Capi-
tal.” Policy Research Working Paper 3851.
Almeida, Rita, and Ana Margarida Fernandes. 2006. “Openness
and Technological Innovations in Developing Countries:
Evidence from Firm-Level Surveys.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3985.
Almeida, Rita, and Emanuela Galasso. 2007. “Jump-Starting
Self-Employment? Evidence Among Welfare Participants in
Argentina.” Policy Research Working Paper 4270.
Alsop, Ruth, and Nina Heinsohn. 2005. “Measuring Empower-
ment in Practice: Structuring Analysis and Framing Indica-
tors.” Policy Research Working Paper 3510.
Amin, Mohammad. 2007. “Are Labor Regulations Driving Com-
puter Usage in India’s Retail Stores?” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4274.
Amin, Mohammad, and Aaditya Mattoo. 2005. “Does Temporary
Migration Have to Be Permanent?” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3582.
_____. 2006. “Can Guest Worker Schemes Reduce Illegal Migra-
tion?” Policy Research Working Paper 3828.
_____. 2006. “Do Institutions Matter More for Services?” Policy
Research Working Paper 4032.
_____. 2007. “Migration from Zambia: Ensuring Tempo-
rariness through Cooperation.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4145.
Amiti, Mary, and Beata Smarzynska Javorcik. 2005. “Trade Costs
and Location of Foreign Firms in China.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3564.
Anderson, Jock R., Gershon Feder, and Sushma Ganguly. 2006.
“The Rise and Fall of Training and Visit Extension: An
Asian Mini-Drama with an African Epilogue.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3928.
Anderson, Kym. 2004. “Agricultural Trade Reform and Poverty
Reduction in Developing Countries.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3396.
_____. 2004. “The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade
Barriers.” Policy Research Working Paper 3415.
_____. 2005. “Setting the Trade Policy Agenda: What Roles for
Economists?” Policy Research Working Paper 3560.
_____. 2006. “Reducing Distortions to Agricultural Incentives:
Progress, Pitfalls, and Prospects.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4092.
Anderson, Kym, Richard Damania, and Lee Ann Jackson. 2004.
“Trade, Standards, and the Political Economy of Genetically
Modified Food.” Policy Research Working Paper 3395.
Anderson, Kym, and Lee Ann Jackson. 2004. “Implications of
230
Genetically Modified Food Technology Policies For Sub-
Saharan Africa.” Policy Research Working Paper 3411.
Anderson, Kym , Lee Ann Jackson, and Chantal Pohl Nielsen.
2004. “Genetically Modified Rice Adoption: Implications for
Welfare and Poverty Alleviation.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3380.
Anderson, Kym, and Will Martin. 2005. “Agricultural Trade Re-
form and the Doha Development Agenda.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3607.
Anderson, Kym, Will Martin, and Dominique van der Mensbrug-
ghe. 2005. “Distortions to World Trade: Impacts on Agricul-
tural Markets and Farm Incomes.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3736.
_____. 2005. “Global Impacts of Doha Trade Reform Scenarios
on Poverty.” Policy Research Working Paper 3735.
_____. 2005. “Would Multilateral Trade Reform Benefit Sub-
Saharan Africans?” Policy Research Working Paper 3616.
_____. 2006. “Doha Merchandise Trade Reform: What’s at
Stake for Developing Countries?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3848.
Anderson, Kym, Will Martin, and Ernesto Valenzuela. 2006.
“The Relative Importance of Global Agricultural Subsidies
and Market Access.” Policy Research Working Paper 3900.
Anderson, Kym, and Ernesto Valenzuela. 2006. “Do Global
Trade Distortions Still Harm Developing Country Farm-
ers?” Policy Research Working Paper 3901.
_____. 2006. “The World Trade Organization’s Doha Cotton
Initiative: A Tale of Two Issues.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3918.
Anderson, Kym, Ernesto Valenzuela, and Lee Ann Jackson.
2006. “Recent and Prospective Adoption of Genetically
Modified Cotton: A Global Computable General Equilib-
rium Analysis of Economic Impacts.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3917.
Andrabi, Tahir, Jishnu Das, and Asim Ijaz Khwaja. 2006. “A Dime
a Day: The Possibilities and Limits of Private Schooling in
Pakistan.” Policy Research Working Paper 4066.
Andrabi, Tahir, Jishnu Das, Asim Ijaz Khwaja, and Tristan Za-
jonc. 2005. “Religious School Enrollment in Pakistan: A
Look at the Data.” Policy Research Working Paper 3521.
Andres, Luis, Vivien Foster, and Jose Luis Guasch. 2006. “The
Impact of Privatization on the Performance of the Infrastruc-
ture Sector: The Case of Electricity Distribution in Latin
American Countries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3936.
Angel-Urdinola, Diego F., and Shweta Jain. 2006. “Do Subsidized
Health Programs in Armenia Increase Utilization among the
Poor?” Policy Research Working Paper 4017.
Angelsen, Arild. 2007. “Forest Cover Change in Space and Time:
Combining the Von Thunen and Forest Transition Theo-
ries.” Policy Research Working Paper 4117.
Annabi, Nabil, Bazlul Khondker, Selim Raihan, John Cockburn,
and Bernard Decaluwe. 2006. “Implications of WTO Agree-
ments and Unilateral Trade Policy Reforms for Poverty in
Bangladesh: Short versus Long-Run Impacts.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3976.
Annez, Patricia Clarke. 2006. “Urban Infrastructure Finance
from Private Operators: What Have We Learned from Re-
cent Experience?” Policy Research Working Paper 4045.
Anos Casero, Paloma, and Ganesh Seshan. 2006. “Fiscal and
Social Impact of a Nominal Exchange Rate Devaluation in
Djibouti.” Policy Research Working Paper 4028.
_____. 2006. “Public-Private Sector Wage Differentials and Re-
turns to Education in Djibouti.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3923.
Antman, Francisca, and David J. McKenzie. 2005. “Earnings Mo-
bility and Measurement Error: A Pseudo-Panel Approach.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3745.
_____. 2005. “Poverty Traps and Nonlinear Income Dynamics
with Measurement Error and Individual Heterogeneity.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3764.
Araujo, M. Caridad, Francisco H.G. Ferreira, Peter Lanjouw,
and Berk Ozler. 2006. “Local Inequality and Project Choice:
Theory and Evidence from Ecuador.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3997.
Arena, Marco. 2006. “Does Insurance Market Activity Promote
Economic Growth? Country Study for Industrial and Devel-
oping Countries.” Policy Research Working Paper 4098.
Arestoff, Florence, and Christophe Hurlin. 2006. “Estimates of
Government Net Capital Stocks for 26 Developing Coun-
tries, 1970-2002.” Policy Research Working Paper 3858.
Arias, Omar, Andreas Blom, Mariano Bosch, Wendy Cunning-
ham, Ariel Fiszbein, Gladys Lopez Acevedo, Maloney Wil-
liam, Jaime Saavedra, Carolina Sanchez-Paramo, Mauricio
Santamaria, and Lucas Siga. 2005. “Pending Issues in Pro-
tection, Productivity Growth, and Poverty Reduction.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3799.
Armecin, Graeme, Jere R. Behrman, Paulita Duazo, Sharon Ghu-
man, Socorro Gultiano, Elizabeth M. King, and Nannette
Lee. 2006. “Early Childhood Development through an In-
tegrated Program: Evidence from the Philippines.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3922.
Arndt, Channing. 2005. “The Doha Trade Round and Mozam-
bique.” Policy Research Working Paper 3717.
Arnold, Jens Matthias, and Beata Smarzynska Javorcik. 2005.
“Gifted Kids or Pushy Parents? Foreign Acquisitions and
Plant Performance in Indonesia.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3597.
231
Arnold, Jens, Beata S. Javorcik, and Aaditya Mattoo. 2007. “Does
Services Liberalization Benefit Manufacturing Firms? Evi-
dence from the Czech Republic.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4109.
Arnold, Jens Matthias, Aaditya Mattoo, and Gaia Narciso. 2006.
“Services Inputs and Firm Productivity in Sub-Saharan
Africa: Evidence from Firm-Level Data.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4048.
Aroca, Patricio, Mariano Bosch, and William F. Maloney. 2005.
“Spatial Dimensions of Trade Liberalization and Economic
Convergence: Mexico 1985-2002.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3744.
Aroca Gonzalez, Patricio, and William F. Maloney. 2005. “Migra-
tion, Trade, and Foreign Investment in Mexico.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3601.
Arunanondchai, Jutamas, and Carsten Fink. 2007. “Trade in
Health Services in the ASEAN Region.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4147.
Arvis, Jean-Francois, Gael Raballand, and Jean-Francois Mar-
teau. 2007. “The Cost of Being Landlocked: Logistics Costs
and Supply Chain Reliability.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4258.
Aubert, Jean-Eric. 2005. “Promoting Innovation in Develop-
ing Countries: A Conceptual Framework.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3554.
Auriol, Emmanuelle, and Pierre M. Picard. 2006. “Infrastructure
and Public Utilities Privatization in Developing Countries.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3950.
Aysan, Ahmet Faruk, Mustapha Kamel Nabli, and Marie-Ange
Veganzones-Varoudakis. 2006. “Governance and Private In-
vestment in the Middle East and North Africa.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3934.
Ayyagari, Meghana, Asli Demirguc-Kunt, and Vojislav Maksi-
movic. 2005. “How Well Do Institutional Theories Explain
Firms’ Perceptions of Property Rights?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3709.
_____. 2006. “How Important Are Financing Constraints? The
Role of Finance in the Business Environment.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3820.
_____. 2006. “What Determines Protection of Property Rights?
An Analysis of Direct and Indirect Effects.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3940.
_____. 2007. “Firm Innovation in Emerging Markets: The Roles
of Governance and Finance.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4157.
Baclajanschi, Iaroslav, Lawrence Bouton, Hideki Mori, Dejan
Ostojic, Taras Pushak, and Erwin R. Tiongson. 2006. “The
Impact of Energy Price Changes in Moldova.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3960.
Baffes, John. 2006. “Restructuring Uganda’s Coffee Industry:
Why Going Back to the Basics Matters.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4020.
Baffes, John, and Harry De Gorter. 2005. “Disciplining Agricul-
tural Support through Decoupling.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3533.
Baffes, John, and Gaston Gohou. 2005. “The Co-Movement be-
tween Cotton and Polyester Prices.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3534.
Bagai, Shweta, and John S. Wilson. 2006. “The Data Chase:
What’s Out There on Trade Costs and Nontariff Barriers?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3899.
Bahl, Roy, and Jorge Martinez-Vazquez. 2006. “Sequencing Fis-
cal Decentralization.” Policy Research Working Paper 3914.
Baker, Judy L. 2006. “Integrated Urban Ugrading for the Poor:
The Experience of Ribeira Azul, Brazil.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3861.
Baker, Judy, Rakhi Basu, Maureen Cropper, Somik Lall, and
Akie Takeuchi. 2005. “Urban Poverty and Transport: The
Case of Mumbai.” Policy Research Working Paper 3693.
Baker, Judy, and Nina Schuler. 2004. “Analyzing Urban Poverty:
A Summary of Methods and Approached.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3399.
Balat, Jorge F., and Guido G. Porto. 2005. “The WTO Doha
Round, Cotton Sector Dynamics, and Poverty Trends in
Zambia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3697.
Baller, Silja. 2007. “Trade Effects of Regional Standards Liberal-
ization: A Heterogeneous Firms Approach.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4124.
Bandiera, Luca, Nina Budina, Michel Klijn, and Sweder van
Wijnbergen. 2007. “The ‘How to’ of Fiscal Sustainability: A
Technical Manual for Using the Fiscal Sustainability Tool.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4170.
Bando, Rosangela, Luis F. Lopez-Calva, and Harry Anthony Pa-
trinos. 2005. “Child Labor, School Attendance, and Indige-
nous Households: Evidence from Mexico.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3487.
Bandyopadhyay, Sushenjit, Priya Shyamsundar, and Alessandro
Baccini. 2006. “Forests, Biomass Use, and Poverty in Ma-
lawi.” Policy Research Working Paper 4068.
Banerjee, Abhijit, Rukmini Banerji, Esther Duflo, Rachel
Glennerster, and Stuti Khemani. 2006. “Can Information
Campaigns Spark Local Participation and Improve Out-
comes? A Study of Primary Education in Uttar Pradesh, In-
dia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3967.
Baracat, Elias, and Julio J. Nogues. 2005. “WTO Safeguards and
Trade Liberalization: Lessons from the Argentine Footwear
Case.” Policy Research Working Paper 3614.
Barbone, Luca, and Katrina Sharkey. 2006. “Strengthening
232
Governance through Engaged Societies: Lessons from the
Implementation of Poverty Reduction Strategies.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3898.
Barrera-Osorio, Felipe. 2007. “The Impact of Private Provision
of Public Education: Empirical Evidence from Bogota’s
Concession Schools.” Policy Research Working Paper 4121.
Barron, Patrick, Rachael Diprose, and Michael Woolcock. 2007.
“Local Conflict and Development Projects in Indonesia:
Part of the Problem or Part of a Solution?” Policy Research
Working Paper 4212.
Barron, Patrick, Kai Kaiser, and Menno Pradhan. 2004. “Local
Conflict in Indonesia: Measuring Incidence and Identifying
Patterns.” Policy Research Working Paper 3384.
Bartelsman, Eric, John Haltiwanger, and Stefano Scarpetta.
2004. “Microeconomic Evidence of Creative Destruction
in Industrial and Developing Countries.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3464.
Baschieri, Angela, Jane Falkingham, Duncan Hornby, and Craig
Hutton. 2005. “Creating a Poverty Map for Azerbaijan.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 3793.
Basu, Priya, and Pradeep Srivastava. 2005. “Scaling-Up Micro-
finance for India’s Rural Poor.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3646.
Bayraktar, Nihal, and Hippolyte Fofack. 2007. “Specification of
Investment Functions in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4171.
Bayraktar, Nihal, and Yan Wang. 2004. “Foreign Bank Entry,
Performance of Domestic Banks, and Sequence of Financial
Liberalization.” Policy Research Working Paper 3416.
______. 2006. “Banking Sector Openness and Economic
Growth.” Policy Research Working Paper 4019.
Baysan, Tercan, Arvind Panagariya, and Nihal Pitigala. 2006.
“Preferential Trading in South Asia.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3813.
Beck, Thorsten. 2006. “Creating an Efficient Financial System:
Challenges in a Global Economy.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3856.
Beck, Thorsten, Juan Miguel Crivelli, and William Summerhill.
2005. “State Bank Transformation in Brazil - Choices and
Consequences.” Policy Research Working Paper 3619.
Beck, Thorsten, Robert Cull, and Afeikhena Jerome. 2005.
“Bank Privatization and Performance - Emprical Evidence
from Nigeria.” Policy Research Working Paper 3511.
Beck, Thorsten, and Augusto de la Torre. 2006. “The Basic
Analytics of Access to Financial Services.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4026.
Beck, Thorsten, Asli Demirguc-Kunt, Luc Laeven, and Ross
Levine. 2005. “Finance, Firm Size, and Growth.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3485.
Beck, Thorsten, Asli Demirguc-Kunt, and Maria Soledad Marti-
nez Peria. 2005. “Reaching Out: Access to and Use of Bank-
ing Services across Countries.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3754.
_____. 2006. “Banking Services for Everyone? Barriers to Bank
Access and Use around the World.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4079.
Beck, Thorsten, and Michael Fuchs. 2004. “Structural Issues in
the Kenyan Financial System: Improving Competition and
Access.” Policy Research Working Paper 3363.
Beck, Thorsten, and Heiko Hesse. 2006. “Bank Efficiency, Own-
ership, and Market Structure: Why Are Interest Spreads So
High in Uganda?” Policy Research Working Paper 4027.
Beck, Thorsten, and Luc Laeven. 2005. “Institution Build-
ing and Growth in Transition Economies.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3657.
_____. 2006. “Resolution of Failed Banks by Deposit Insur-
ers: Cross-Country Evidence.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3920.
Beck, Thorsten, and Md. Habibur Rahman. 2006. “Creating a
More Efficient Financial System: Challenges for Bangla-
desh.” Policy Research Working Paper 3938.
Beegle, Kathleen, Joachim De Weerdt, and Stefan Dercon. 2006.
“Adult Mortality and Consumption Growth in the Age of
HIV/AIDS.” Policy Research Working Paper 4082.
Beegle, Kathleen, Rajeev Dehejia, and Roberta Gatti. 2005.
“Why Should We Care about Child Labor? The Education,
Labor Market, and Health Consequences of Child Labor.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3479.
Beegle, Kathleen, and Sofya Krutikova. 2007. “Adult Mortality
and Children’s Transition into Marriage.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4139.
Behrman, Jere R., Alexis Murphy, Agnes Quisumbing, Usha Ra-
makrishnan, and Kathyrn Yount. 2006. “What Is the Real Im-
pact of Schooling on Age of First Union and Age of First Par-
enting? New Evidence from Guatemala.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4023.
Bell, Clive, Ramona Bruhns, and Hans Gersbach. 2006. “Eco-
nomic Growth, Education, and AIDS in Kenya: A Long-Run
Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper 4025.
Benitez, Daniel, and Antonio Estache. 2005. “How Concen-
trated Are Global Infrastructure Markets?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3513.
Berger, Allen N., George R.G. Clarke, Robert Cull, Leora Klap-
per, and Gregory F. Udell. 2005. “Corporate Governance and
Bank Performance: A Joint Analysis of the Static, Selection,
and Dynamic Effects of Domestic, Foreign, and State Own-
ership.” Policy Research Working Paper 3632.
Berger, Allen N., Leora F. Klapper, Maria Soledad Martinez Pe-
233
ria, and Rida Zaidi. 2006. “Bank Ownership Type and Bank-
ing Relationships.” Policy Research Working Paper 3862.
Berger, Allen N., and Gregory F. Udell. 2005. “A More Complete
Conceptual Framework for Financing of Small and Medium
Enterprises.” Policy Research Working Paper 3795.
Berglof, Erik, and Stijn Claessens. 2004. “Enforcement and Cor-
porate Governance.” Policy Research Working Paper 3409.
Berlinski, Samuel, Sebastian Galiani, and Marco Manacorda.
2007. “Giving Children a Better Start: Preschool Atten-
dance and School-Age Profiles.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4240.
Berman, Eli, Rohini Somanathan, and Hong W. Tan. 2005. “Is
Skill-Biased Technological Change Here Yet? Evidence
from Indian Manufacturing in the 1990s.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3761.
Bhat, Anjali, Kikkeri Ramu, and Karin Kemper. 2005. “Institu-
tional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management: The
Brantas River Basin, East Java, Indonesia.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3611.
Bhattacharya, Soma, Anna Alberini, and Maureen L. Cropper.
2006. “The Value of Mortality Risk Reductions in Delhi, In-
dia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3995.
Biggs, Tyler, and Manju Kedia Shah. 2006. “African Small and
Medium Enterprises, Networks, and Manufacturing Perfor-
mance.” Policy Research Working Paper 3855.
Bigsten, Arne, Taye Mengistae, and Abebe Shimeles. 2007.
“Mobility and Earnings in Ethiopia’s Urban Labor Markets,
1994-2004.” Policy Research Working Paper 4168.
Bigsten, Arne, and Mans Soderbom. 2005. “What Have We
Learned from a Decade of Manufacturing Enterprise Sur-
veys in Africa?” Policy Research Working Paper 3798.
Bjorkman, Martina, and Jakob Svensson. 2007. “Power to the
People: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment of
a Community-Based Monitoring Project in Uganda.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4268.
Blanco, Fernando, and Santiago Herrera. 2006. “The Quality of
Fiscal Adjustment and the Long-Run Growth Impact of Fis-
cal Policy in Brazil.” Policy Research Working Paper 4004.
Blomquist, William, Maureen Ballestero, Anjali Bhat, and Karin
Kemper. 2005. “Institutional and Policy Analysis of River
Basin Management: The Tarcoles River Basin, Costa Rica.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3612.
Blomquist, William, Ken S. Calbick, and Ariel Dinar. 2005. “In-
stitutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management:
The Fraser River Basin, Canada.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3525.
Blomquist, William, Ariel Dinar, and Karin Kemper. 2005.
“Comparison of Institutional Arrangements for River Basin
Management in Eight Basins.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3636.
Blomquist, William, Consuelo Giansante, Anjali Bhat, and Karin
Kemper. 2005. “Institutional and Policy Analysis of River
Basin Management: The Gudalquivir River Basin, Spain.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3526.
Blomquist, William, Brian Haisman, Ariel Dinar, and Anjali
Bhat. 2005. “Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin
Management: The Murray Darling River Basin, Austrialia.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3527.
Blomquist, William, Andrzej Tonderski, and Ariel Dinar. 2005.
“Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Manage-
ment: The Warta River Basin, Poland.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3528.
Bogetic, Zeljko. 2006. “International Benchmarking of Leso-
tho’s Infrastructure Performance.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3825.
Bogetic, Zeljko, and Johannes W. Fedderke. 2006. “Forecasting
Investment Needs in South Africa’s Electricity and Telecom-
munications Sectors.” Policy Research Working Paper 3829.
_____. 2006. “International Benchmarking of Infrastructure
Performance in the Southern African Customs Union Coun-
tries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3987.
_____. 2006. “International Benchmarking of South Africa’s
Infrastructure Performance.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3830.
Bogomolova, Tatiana, Gregorio Impavido, and Montserrat Pal-
lares-Miralles. 2006. “An Assessment of Reform Options for
the Public Service Pension Fund in Uganda.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4091.
Bosch, Mariano, Daniel Lederman, and William F. Maloney.
2005. “Patenting and Research and Development: A Global
View.” Policy Research Working Paper 3739.
Bosch, Mariano, and William Maloney. 2005. “Labor Market Dy-
namics in Developing Countries: Comparative Analysis Us-
ing Continuous Time Markov Processes.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3583.
_____. 2006. “Gross Worker Flows in The Presence of Informal
Labor Markets: The Mexican Experience 1987-2002.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3883.
Bott, Sarah, Andrew Morrison, and Mary Ellsberg. 2005. “Pre-
venting and Responding to Gender-Based Violence in
Middle and Low-Income Countries: A Global Review and
Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper 3618.
Bourguignon, Francois, Chor-ching Goh, and Dae Il Kim. 2004.
“Estimating Individual Vulnerability to Poverty with Pseu-
do-Panel Data.” Policy Research Working Paper 3375.
Bourguignon, Francois, Victoria Levin, and David Rosenblatt.
234
2006. “Global Redistribution of Income.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3961.
Bown, Chad P. 2005. “Global Antidumping Database Version
1.0.” Policy Research Working Paper 3737.
_____. 2005. “Trade Remedies and World Trade Organization
Dispute Settlement: Why Are So Few Challenged?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3540.
_____. 2006. “The World Trade Organization and Antidump-
ing in Developing Countries.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4014.
Brambilla, Irene, and Guido G. Porto. 2006. “Farm Productiv-
ity and Market Structure: Evidence from Cotton Reforms in
Zambia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3904.
Braun, Matias, and Claudio Raddatz. 2005. “Trade Liberaliza-
tion and the Politics of Financial Development.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3517.
Bravo-Ortega, Claudio, and Jose de Gregorio. 2005. “The Rela-
tive Richness of the Poor? Natural Resources, Human
Capital, and Economic Growth.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3484.
Bravo-Ortega, Claudio, and Daniel Lederman. 2005. “Agricul-
ture and National Welfare around the World: Causality and
International Heterogeneity Since 1960.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3499.
Brenton, Paul, and Mombert Hoppe. 2006. “The African Growth
and Opportunity Act, Exports, and Development in Sub-
Saharan Africa.” Policy Research Working Paper 3996.
Briceno-Garmendia, Cecilia, Antonio Estache, and Nemat
Shafik. 2004. “Infrastructure Services in Developing Coun-
tries: Access, Quality, Costs and Policy Reform.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3468.
Broner, Fernando A., Guido Lorenzoni, and Sergio L. Schmukler.
2004. “Why Do Emerging Economies Borrow Short Term?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3389.
Brown, J. David, and John S. Earle. 2006. “The Microeconom-
ics of Creating Productive Jobs: A Synthesis of Firm-Level
Studies in Transition Economies.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3886.
Bruno, Valentina G., and Stijn Claessens. 2007. “Corporate Gov-
ernance and Regulation: Can There Be too Much of a Good
Thing?” Policy Research Working Paper 4140.
Buckley, Robert M., and Jerry Kalarickal. 2004. “Shelter Strate-
gies for the Urban Poor: Idiosyncratic and Successful, but
Hardly Mysterious.” Policy Research Working Paper 3427.
Buddelmeyer, Hielke, and Emmanuel Skoufias. 2004. “An
Evaluation of the Performance of Regression Disconti-
nuity Design on PROGRESA.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3386.
Budina, Nina, Gaobo Pang, and Sweder van Wijnbergen. 2007.
“Nigeria’s Growth Record: Dutch Disease or Debt Over-
hang?” Policy Research Working Paper 4256.
Budina, Nina, and Sweder van Wijnbergen. 2007. “Quantitative
Approaches to Fiscal Sustainability Analysis: A New World
Bank Tool Applied to Turkey.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4169.
Bugamelli, Matteo, and Francesco Paterno. 2005. “Do Workers’
Remittances Reduce the Probability of Current Account Re-
versals?” Policy Research Working Paper 3766.
Busse, Matthias. 2004. “Trade, Environmental Regulations, and
the World Trade Organization: New Empirical Evidence.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3361.
Busse, Matthias, and Jose Luis Groizard. 2006. “Foreign Direct
Investment, Regulations, and Growth.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3882.
Bussolo, Maurizio, Olivier Godart, Jann Lay, and Rainer Thiele.
2006. “The Impact of Commodity Price Changes on Rural
Households: The Case of Coffee in Uganda.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4088.
Bussolo, Maurizio, Jann Lay, and Dominique van der Mensbrug-
ghe. 2006. “Structural Change and Poverty Reduction in
Brazil: The Impact of the Doha Round.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3833.
Bussolo, Maurizio, and Denis Medvedev. 2007. “Do Remittanc-
es Have a Flip Side? A General Equilibrium Analysis of Re-
mittances, Labor Supply Responses, and Policy Options for
Jamaica.” Policy Research Working Paper 4143.
Bussolo, Maurizio, and Yoko Niimi. 2006. “Do Regional Trade
Pacts Benefit The Poor? An Illustration from the Dominican
Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement in Nica-
ragua.” Policy Research Working Paper 3850.
Buys, Piet, Uwe Deichmann, and David Wheeler. 2006. “Road
Network Upgrading and Overland Trade Expansion in Sub-
Saharan Africa.” Policy Research Working Paper 4097.
Cadot, Olivier, Jaime de Melo, and Alberto Portugal-Perez. 2006.
“Rules of Origin for Preferential Trading Arrangements: Im-
plications for the ASEAN Free Trade Area of EU and U.S.
Experience.” Policy Research Working Paper 4016.
Cadot, Olivier, Laure Dutoit, and Jaime de Melo. 2006. “The
Elimination of Madagascar’s Vanilla Marketing Board, Ten
Years On.” Policy Research Working Paper 3979.
Cadot, Olivier, Laure Dutoit, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2006.
“How Costly Is It for Poor Farmers to Lift Themselves out
of Poverty?” Policy Research Working Paper 3881.
Calderon, Cesar, Norman Loayza, and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel.
2005. “Does Openness Imply Greater Exposure?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3733.
Calderon, Cesar, and Luis Serven. 2004. “The Effects of Infra-
235
structure Development on Growth and Income Distribu-
tion.” Policy Research Working Paper 3400.
_____. 2004. “Trends in Infrastructure in Latin America,
1980–2001.” Policy Research Working Paper 3401.
Calomiris, Charles W., Daniela Klingebiel, and Luc Laeven.
2004. “A Taxonomy of Financial Crisis Resolution Mecha-
nisms: Cross-Country Experience.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3379.
Camara, Modibo K., and Fernando Montes-Negret. 2006. “De-
posit Insurance and Banking Reform in Russia.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4056.
Campanaro, Alessandra, and Dimitri Vittas. 2004. “Greco-Roman
Lessons for Public Debt Management and Debt Market De-
velopment.” Policy Research Working Paper 3414.
Canning, Patrick, and Zhi Wang. 2004. “A Flexible Model-
ing Framework to Estimate Interregional Trade Patterns
and Input-Output Accounts.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3359.
Canton, Erik, and Andreas Blom. 2004. “Can Student Loans Im-
prove Accessibility to Higher Education and Student Perfor-
mance? An Impact Study of the Case of SOFES, Mexico.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3425.
Caprio, Gerard, and Patrick Honohan. 2004. “Can the Unsophis-
ticated Market Provide Discipline?” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3364.
Cardoso, Ana Rute, and Dorte Verner. 2007. “School Drop-Out
and Push-Out Factors in Brazil: The Role of Early Parent-
hood, Child Labor, and Poverty.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4178.
Carraro, Carlo, Carmen Marchiori, and Alessandra Sgobbi. 2005.
“Advances in Negotiation Theory: Bargaining, Coalitions,
and Fairness.” Policy Research Working Paper 3642.
_____. 2005. “Applications of Negotiation Theory to Water Is-
sues.” Policy Research Working Paper 3641.
Carvalho, Alexandre, Somik V. Lall, and Christopher Timmins.
2006. “Regional Subsidies and Industrial Prospects of Lag-
ging Regions.” Policy Research Working Paper 3843.
Casacuberta, Carlos, and Nestor Gandelman. 2006. “Protec-
tion, Openness, and Factor Adjustment: Evidence from the
Manufacturing Sector in Uruguay.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3891.
Caskey, John P., Clemente Ruiz Duran, and Tova Maria Solo.
2006. “The Urban Unbanked in Mexico and the United
States.” Policy Research Working Paper 3835.
Castro, Lucio, Marcelo Olarreaga, and Daniel Saslavsky. 2007.
“The Impact of Trade with China and India on Argentina’s
Manufacturing Employment.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4153.
Catin, Maurice, Xubei Luo, and Christophe Van Huffel. 2005.
“Openness, Industrialization, and Geographic Concen-
tration of Activities in China.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3706.
Cattaneo, Matias D., Sebastian Galiano, Paul J. Gertler, Sebas-
tian Martinez, and Rocio Titiunik. 2007. “Housing, Health,
and Happiness.” Policy Research Working Paper 4214.
Cerdan-Infantes, Pedro, and Christel Vermeersch. 2007. “More
Time Is Better: An Evaluation of the Full Time School Pro-
gram in Uruguay.” Policy Research Working Paper 4167.
Cerutti, Eugenio, Giovanni Dell’Ariccia, and Maria Soledad
Martinez Peria. 2005. “How Banks Go Abroad: Branches or
Subsidiaries?” Policy Research Working Paper 3753.
Chang, Roberto, Linda Kaltani, and Norman Loayza. 2005.
“Openness Can Be Good for Growth: The Role of Policy
Complementarities.” Policy Research Working Paper 3763.
Chaudhuri, Shubham, and Martin Ravallion. 2006. “Partially
Awakened Giants: Uneven Growth in China and India.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4069.
Chaudhury, Nazmul, and Dilip Parajuli. 2006. “Conditional Cash
Transfers and Female Schooling: The Impact of the Female
School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in
Punjab, Pakistan.” Policy Research Working Paper 4102.
Chauvin, Nicolas Depetris, and Aart Kraay. 2006. “Who Gets
Debt Relief?” Policy Research Working Paper 4000.
Chellaraj, Gnanaraj, Keith E. Maskus, and Aaditya Mattoo. 2005.
“The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and Internation-
al Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3588.
Chen, Derek H.C. 2004. “Population Age Structure and the
Budget Deficit.” Policy Research Working Paper 3435.
Chen, Derek H.C. , and Carl J. Dahlman. 2004. “Knowledge and
Development: A Cross-Section Approach.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3366.
Chen, Derek H.C., and Kishore Gawande. 2007. “Underlying
Dimensions of Knowledge Assessment: Factor Analysis of
the Knowledge Assessment Methodology Data.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4216.
Chen, Maggie Xiaoyang, and Aaditya Mattoo. 2004. “Regional-
ism in Standards - Good or Bad for Trade?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3458.
Chen, Maggie Xiaoyang, Tsunehiro Otsuki, and John S. Wilson.
2006. “Do Standards Matter for Export Success?” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3809.
Chen, Shaohua, Ren Mu, and Martin Ravallion. 2006. “Are There
Lasting Impacts of Aid to Poor Areas? Evidence from Rural
China.” Policy Research Working Paper 4084.
Chen, Shaohua, and Martin Ravallion. 2007. “Absolute Poverty
Measures for the Developing World, 1981-2004.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4211.
236
Chen, Shaohua, Martin Ravallion, and Youjuan Wang. 2006. “Di
Bao: A Guaranteed Minimum Income in Urban China?” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 3805.
Chen, Siyan, Norman V. Loayza, and Marta Reynal-Querol.
2007. “The Aftermath of Civil War.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4190.
Chiquier, Loic, Olivier Hassler, and Michael Lea. 2004. “Mort-
gage Securities in Emerging Markets.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3370.
Chisari, Omar O., and Ioannis N. Kessides. 2007. “The Pricing
Dynamics of Utilities with Underdeveloped Networks.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4198.
Chomitz, Kenneth M., Piet Buys, and Timothy S. Thomas. 2005.
“Quantifying the Rural-Urban Gradient in Latin America
and the Caribbean.” Policy Research Working Paper 3634.
Chomitz, Kenneth M., Daniel da Mata, Alexandre Ywata de
Carvalho, and Joao Carlos Magalhaes. 2005. “Spatial Dynam-
ics of Labor Markets in Brazil.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3752.
Chomitz, Kenneth M., Timothy S. Thomas, and Brandao Anto-
nio Salazar. 2004. “Creating Markets for Habitat Conserva-
tion When Habitats Are Heterogeneous.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3429.
Chomitz, Kenneth M., and Sheila Wertz-Kanounnikoff. 2005.
“Measuring the Initial Impacts on Deforestation of Mato
Grosso’s Program for Environmental Control.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3762.
Chor-ching, Goh, and Beata S. Javorcik. 2005. “Trade Protection
and Industry Wage Structure in Poland.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3552.
Christiaensen, Luc, Lionel Demery, and Jesper Kuhl. 2006.
“The Role of Agriculture in Poverty Reduction: An Empiri-
cal Perspective.” Policy Research Working Paper 4013.
Claessens, Constantijn A., Daniela Klingebiel, and Luc Laeven.
2004. “Resolving Systemic Financial Crisis: Policies and In-
stitutions.” Policy Research Working Paper 3377.
Claessens, Stijn. 2005. “Access to Financial Services: A Review
of the Issues and Public Policy Objectives.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3589.
_____. 2005. “Taking Stock of Risk Management Techniques for
Sovereigns.” Policy Research Working Paper 3570.
_____. 2006. “Competitive Implications of Cross-Border Bank-
ing.” Policy Research Working Paper 3854.
_____. 2006. “Current Challenges in Financial Regulation.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 4103.
Claessens, Stijn, and Erik Feijen. 2006. “Finance and Hunger:
Empirical Evidence of the Agricultural Productivity Chan-
nel.” Policy Research Working Paper 4080.
Claessens, Stijn, and Luc Laeven. 2005. “Financial Dependence,
Banking Sector Competition, and Economic Growth.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3481.
Claessens, Stijn, and Sergio L. Schmukler. 2007. “International
Financial Integration through Equity Markets: Which Firms
from Which Countries Go Global?” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4146.
Claessens, Stijn, and Neeltje Van Horen. 2007. “Location Deci-
sions of Foreign Banks and Competitive Advantage.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4113.
Clarke, George R.G. 2005. “Beyond Tariffs and Quotas: Why
Don’t African Manufacturers Export More?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3617.
_____. 2005. “Do Government Policies that Promote Competi-
tion Encourage or Discourage New Product and Process De-
velopment in Low and Middle-Income Countries?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3471.
Clarke, George R.G., Katrina Kosec, and Scott Wallsten. 2004.
“Has Private Participation in Water and Sewerage Improved
Coverage? Empirical Evidence from Latin America.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3445.
Cororaton, Caesar B., John Cockburn, and Erwin Corong. 2005.
“Doha Scenarios, Trade Reforms, and Poverty in the Philip-
pines: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3738.
Correa, Paulo, Mariam Dayoub, and Manuela Francisco. 2007.
“Identifying Supply-Side Constraints to Export Perfor-
mance in Ecuador: An Exercise with Investment Climate
Survey Data.” Policy Research Working Paper 4179.
Coulibaly, Souleymane. 2007. “Evaluating the Trade Effect of
Developing Regional Trade Agreements: A Semi-Parametric
Approach.” Policy Research Working Paper 4220.
Coviello, Decio, and Roumeen Islam. 2006. “Does Aid Help
Improve Economic Institutions?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3990.
Cubbin, John, and John Stern. 2005. “Regulatory Effectiveness
and the Empirical Impact of Variations in Regulatory Gover-
nance - Electricity Industry Capacity and Efficiency in De-
veloping Countries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3535.
Cull, Robert, Asli Demirguc-Kunt, and Jonathan Morduch.
2006. “Financial Performance and Outreach: A Global
Analysis of Leading Microbanks.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3827.
Cull, Robert, and Laurie Effron. 2005. “World Bank Lending
and Financial Sector Development.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3656.
Cull, Robert, and Maria Soledad Martinez Peria. 2007. “Foreign
Bank Participation and Crises in Developing Countries.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4128.
Cull, Robert, Lixin Colin Xu, and Zhu Tian. 2007. “Formal Fi-
237
nance and Trade Credit during China’s Transition.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4204.
Da Mata, Daniel, Uwe Deichmann, J. Vernon Henderson, Somik
V. Lall, and Hyoung Gun Wang. 2005. “Determinants of City
Growth in Brazil.” Policy Research Working Paper 3723.
______. 2005. “Examining the Growth Patterns of Brazilian Cit-
ies.” Policy Research Working Paper 3724.
da Silva, Luis Correia, Antonio Estache, and Sakari Jarvela.
2004. “Is Debt Replacing Equity in Regulated Privatized
Infrastructure in Developing Countries?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3374.
Dabalen, Andrew, Stefano Paternostro, and Gaelle Pierre. 2004.
“The Returns to Participation in the Non-Farm Sector in
Rural Rwanda.” Policy Research Working Paper 3462.
Dafflon, Bernard, and Krisztina Toth. 2005. “Fiscal Federalism
in Switzerland: Relevant Issues for Transition Economies in
Central and Eastern Europe.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3655.
Dailami, Mansoor, Paul R. Masson, and Jean Jose Padou. 2005.
“Global Monetary Conditions Versus Country-Specific
Factors in the Determination of Emerging Market Debt
Spreads.” Policy Research Working Paper 3626.
Das Gupta, Monica. 2005. “Public Health in India: An Over-
view.” Policy Research Working Paper 3787.
Das Gupta, Monica, Michael Lokshin, Michele Gragnolati, and
Oleksiy Ivaschenko. 2005. “Improving Child Nutrition Out-
comes in India: Can the Integrated Child Development Servic-
es Be More Effective?” Policy Research Working Paper 3647.
Das Gupta, Monica, and Manju Rani. 2004. “India’s Public
Health System - How Well Does It Function at the National
Level?” Policy Research Working Paper 3447.
Das, Jishnu, Stefan Dercon, James Habyarimana, and Pramila
Krishnan. 2005. “Teacher Shocks and Student Learning: Ev-
idence from Zambia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3602.
Das, Jishnu, and Jeffrey Hammer. 2005. “Money for Nothing:
The Dire Straits of Medical Practice in Delhi, India.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3669.
_____. “Which Doctor? Combining Vignettes and Item Re-
sponse to Measure Clinical Competence.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3301. The World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Das, Jishnu, Priyanka Pandey, and Tristan Zajonc. 2006. “Learn-
ing Levels and Gaps in Pakistan.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4067.
Das, Jishnu, and Thomas Pave Sohnesen. 2006. “Patient Sat-
isfaction, Doctor Effort, and Interview Location: Evidence
from Paraguay.” Policy Research Working Paper 4086.
Das, Maitreyi Bordia, and Philip O’Keefe. 2007. “Enterprises,
Workers, and Skills in Urban Timor-Leste.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4177.
Dasgupta, Basab, and Somik V. Lall. 2006. “Assessing Benefits of
Slum Upgrading Programs in Second-Best Settings.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3993.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Mainul Huq, M. Khaliquzzaman, Kiran Pan-
dey, and David Wheeler. 2004. “Indoor Air Quality for Poor
Families: New Evidence from Bangladesh.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3393.
_____. 2004. “Who Suffers from Indoor Air Pollution? Evidence
from Bangladesh.” Policy Research Working Paper 3428.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Benoit Laplante, Craig Meisner, David
Wheeler, and Yan Jianping. 2007. “The Impact of Sea Level
Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4136.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Craig Meisner, and Mainul Huq. 2005.
“Health Effects and Pesticide Perception as Determinants
of Pesticide Use: Evidence from Bangladesh.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3776.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Craig Meisner, and Nlandu Mamingi. 2005.
“Pesticide Traders’ Perception of Health Risks: Evidence
from Bangladesh.” Policy Research Working Paper 3777.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Craig Meisner, and David Wheeler. 2004.
“Is Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable
for Farmers? Evidence on Integrated Pest Management in
Bangladesh.” Policy Research Working Paper 3417.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Craig Meisner, David Wheeler, Thi Lam
Nhan, and Xuyen Khuc. 2005. “Pesticide Poisoning of Farm
Workers: Implications of Blood Test Results from Vietnam.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3624.
David, Antonio C. 2007. “Are Price-Based Capital Account Reg-
ulations Effective in Developing Countries?” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4175.
_____. 2007. “Controls on Capital Inflows and External Shocks.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4176.
_____. 2007. “HIV/AIDS and Social Capital in a Cross-Section
of Countries.” Policy Research Working Paper 4263.
Davies, Victor A.B. 2007. “Capital Flight and War.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4210.
D’Costa, Anthony P. 2006. “Exports, University-Industry Linkages,
and Innovation Challenges in Bangalore, India.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3887. The World Bank, Washington, D.C.
De Hoyos, Rafael E. 2007. “Accounting for Mexican Income
Inequality during the 1990s.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4224.
De la Cruz, Javier, and Constantinos Stephanou. 2006. “Finan-
cial System Structure in Colombia: A Proposal for a Reform
Agenda.” Policy Research Working Paper 4006.
de la Plaza, Luis, and Sophie Sirtaine. 2005. “An Analysis of the
2002 Uruguayan Banking Crisis.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3780.
238
de la Torre, Augusto, Juan Carlos Gozzi, and Sergio L. Schmukler.
2006. “Financial Development in Latin America: Big Emerg-
ing Issues, Limited Policy Answers.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3963.
______. 2007. “Capital Market Development: Whither Latin
America?” Policy Research Working Paper 4156.
______. 2007. “Stock Market Development under Globalization:
Whither the Gains from Reforms?” Policy Research Working
Paper 4184.
de la Torre, Luz Elena Reyes, and Jorge G. Gonzalez. 2005. “An-
tidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Econo-
my of Liberalization: The Mexican Case.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3684.
de Luna Martinez, Jose. 2005. “Workers’ Remittances to Devel-
oping Countries: A Survey with Central Banks on Selected
Public Policy Issues.” Policy Research Working Paper 3638.
_____. 2006. “Access to Financial Services in Zambia.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4061.
de Mel, Suresh, David McKenzie, and Christopher Woodruff.
2007. “Measuring Microenterprise Profits: Don’t Ask How the
Sausage Is Made.” Policy Research Working Paper 4229.
_____. 2007. “Returns to Capital in Microenterprises: Evidence from
a Field Experiment.” Policy Research Working Paper 4230.
de Mello, Luiz. 2006. “Fiscal Responsibility Legislation and Fis-
cal Adjustment: The Case of Brazilian Local Governments.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3812.
de Soysa, Indra, and Eric Neumayer. 2007. “Disarming Fears of
Diversity: Ethnic Heterogeneity and State Militarization,
1988-2002.” Policy Research Working Paper 4221.
de Walque, Damien. 2004. “Education, Information, and Smoking
Decisions: Evidence from Smoking Histories, 1940-2000.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3362.
_____. 2004. “The Long-Term Legacy of the Khmer Rouge Pe-
riod in Cambodia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3446.
_____. 2005. “Parental Education and Children’s Schooling
Outcomes: Is the Effect Nature, Nurture, or Both? Evidence
from Recomposed Families in Rwanda.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3483.
_____. 2006. “Discordant Couples: HIV Infection among Cou-
ples in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, and Tanza-
nia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3956.
_____. 2006. “Who Gets AIDS and How? The Determinants of
HIV Infection and Sexual Behaviors in Burkina Faso, Cam-
eroon, Ghana, Kenya, and Tanzania.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3844.
Dean, Judith M., Mary E. Lovely, and Hua Wang. 2005. “Are
Foreign Investors Attracted to Weak Environmental Regu-
lations? Evaluating the Evidence from China.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3505.
Dean, Judith M., and John Wainio. 2006. “Quantifying the Value
of U.S. Tariff Preferences for Developing Countries.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3977.
Deichmann, Uwe, Kai Kaiser, Somik V Lall, and Zmarak Shal-
izi. 2005. “Agglomeration, Transport, and Regional Develop-
ment in Indonesia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3477.
Deininger, Klaus, Daniel Ayalew Ali, Stein Holden, and Jaap
Zevenbergen. 2007. “Rural Land Certification in Ethiopia:
Process, Initial Impact, and Implications for Other African
Countries.” Policy Research Working Paper 4218.
Deininger, Klaus, Daniel Ayalew, and Takashi Yamano. 2006. “Le-
gal Knowledge and Economic Development: The Case of Land
Rights in Uganda.” Policy Research Working Paper 3868.
Deininger, Klaus, Songqing Jin, and Hari K. Nagarajan. 2007.
“Efficiency and Equity Impacts of Rural Land Rental Re-
strictions: Evidence from India.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4324.
Dell’Aglio, Debora, Wendy Cunningham, Silvia Koller, Vicente
Cassepp Borges, and Joana Severo Leon. 2007. “Youth Well-
Being in Brazil: An Index for Cross-Regional Comparisons.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4189.
Demirguc-Kunt, Asli. 2006. “Finance and Economic Develop-
ment: Policy Choices for Developing Countries.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3955.
Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, and Enrica Detragiache. 2005. “Cross-
Country Empirical Studies of Systemic Bank Distress: A
Survey.” Policy Research Working Paper 3719.
Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, Enrica Detragiache, and Thierry Tres-
sel. 2006. “Banking on the Principles: Compliance with Ba-
sel Core Principles and Bank Soundness.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3954.
Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, Edward J. Kane, and Luc Laeven. 2006.
“Deposit Insurance Design and Implementation: Policy
Lessons from Research and Practice.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3969.
_____. 2006. “Determinants of Deposit-Insurance Adoption and
Design.” Policy Research Working Paper 3849.
Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, Baybars Karacaovali, and Luc Laeven.
2005. “Deposit Insurance around the World: A Comprehen-
sive Database.” Policy Research Working Paper 3628.
Demombynes, Gabriel, Chris Elbers, Jean O. Lanjouw, and Peter
Lanjouw. 2007. “How Good a Map? Putting Small Area Esti-
mation to the Test.” Policy Research Working Paper 4155.
Demombynes, Gabriel, and Johannes G. Hoogeveen. 2004.
“Growth, Inequality, and Simulated Poverty Paths for Tan-
zania, 1992–2002.” Policy Research Working Paper 3432.
Dennis, Allen. 2006. “The Impact of Regional Trade Agree-
ments and Trade Facilitation in the Middle East and North
Africa Region.” Policy Research Working Paper 3837.
239
_____. 2006. “Trade Liberalization, Factor Market Flexibility,
and Growth: The Case of Morocco and Tunisia.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3857.
Dercon, Stefan, and Luc Christiaensen. 2007. “Consumption
Risk, Technology Adoption, and Poverty Traps: Evidence
from Ethiopia.” Policy Research Working Paper 4257.
Dhillon, Amrita, and Jamele Rigolini. 2006. “Development and
the Interaction of Enforcement Institutions.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4090.
Di Gropello, Emmanuela. 2004. “Education Decentralization
and Accountability Relationships in Latin America.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3453.
Dinar, Ariel, Stefano Farolfi, Fioravante Patrone, and Kate
Rowntree. 2006. “Water Allocation Strategies for the Kat Ba-
sin in South Africa: Comparing Negotiation Tools and Game
Theory Models.” Policy Research Working Paper 4083.
Dinar, Ariel, Karin Kemper, William Blomquist, Michele Diez,
Gisele Sine, and William Fru. 2005. “Decentralization of
River Basin Management: A Global Analysis.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3637.
Diop, Ndiame, Paul Brenton, and Yakup Asarkaya. 2005. “Trade
Costs, Export Development, and Poverty in Rwanda.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3784.
Dixit, Avinash. 2006. “Evaluating Recipes for Development
Success.” Policy Research Working Paper 3859.
Djankov, Simeon, Caroline Freund, and Cong S. Pham. 2006.
“Trading on Time.” Policy Research Working Paper 3909.
Djankov, Simeon, and Marta Reynal-Querol. 2007. “The Causes
of Civil War.” Policy Research Working Paper 4254.
Do, Quy-Toan, and Lakshmi Iyer. 2007. “Poverty, Social Divi-
sions, and Conflict in Nepal.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4228.
Do, Quy-Toan, Sriya Iyer, and Shareen Joshi. 2006. “The Eco-
nomics of Consanguineous Marriages.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4085.
Do, Quy-Toan, and Andrei A. Levchenko. 2006. “Comparative
Advantage, Demand for External Finance, and Financial
Development.” Policy Research Working Paper 3889.
_____. 2006. “Trade, Inequality, and the Political Economy of
Institutions.” Policy Research Working Paper 3836.
Do, Quy-Toan, and Tung Duc Phung. 2006. “Superstition, Fam-
ily Planning, and Human Development.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4001.
Docquier, Frederic, and Abdeslam Marfouk. 2004. “Measuring
the International Mobility of Skilled Workers (1990–2000):
Release 1.0.” Policy Research Working Paper 3381.
Docquier, Frederic, and Hillel Rapoport. 2004. “Skilled Migra-
tion: The Perspective of Developing Countries.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3382.
Dollar, David. 2007. “Asian Century or Multi-Polar Century?”
Policy Research Working Paper 4174.
_____. 2007. “Poverty, Inequality, and Social Disparities dur-
ing China’s Economic Reform.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4253.
Dollar, David, and Aart Kraay. 2005. “Neither a Borrower Nor a
Lender: Does China’s Zero Net Foreign Asset Position Make
Economic Sense?” Policy Research Working Paper 3801.
Dollar, David, and Victoria Levin. 2005. “Sowing and Reaping:
Institutional Quality and Project Outcomes in Developing
Countries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3524.
Domac, Ilker, and Eray M. Yucel. 2004. “What Triggers Inflation
in Emerging Market Economics?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3376.
Domeland, Dorte. 2007. “Trade and Human Capital Accumu-
lation: Evidence from U.S. Immigrants.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4144.
Doner, Richard F., Gregory W. Noble, and John Ravenhill. 2006.
“Industrial Competitiveness of the Auto Parts Industries
in Four Large Asian Countries: The Role of Government
Policy in a Challenging International Environment.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4106.
Douglas, Ellen M., Kate Sebastian, Charles J. Vorosmarty, Stan-
ley Wood, and Kenneth M. Chomitz. 2005. “The Role of
Tropical Forests in Supporting Biodiversity and Hydrologi-
cal Integrity: A Synoptic Overview.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3635.
Duebel, Hans-Joachim, W. Jan Brzeski, and Ellen Hamilton.
2006. “Rental Choice and Housing Policy Realignment in
Transition: Post-Privatization Challenges in the Europe and
Central Asia Region.” Policy Research Working Paper 3884.
Duflo, Esther, Pascaline Dupas, Michael Kremer, and Samuel
Sinei. 2006. “Education and HIV/AIDS Prevention: Evi-
dence from A Randomized Evaluation in Western Kenya.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4024.
Dutz, Mark. 2005. “Road Freight Logistics, Competition, and
Innovation: Downstream Benefits and Policy Implications.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3768.
Easterly, William, Timothy Irwin, and Luis Serven. 2007. “Walk-
ing Up the Down Escalator: Public Investment and Fiscal
Stability.” Policy Research Working Paper 4158.
Ebinger, Jane O. 2006. “Measuring Financial Performance in
Infrastructure: An Application to Europe and Central Asia.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3992.
Eggleston, Karen, Li Ling, Meng Qingyue, Magnus Linde-
low, and Adam Wagstaff. 2006. “Health Service Delivery
in China: A Literature Review.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3978.
Eichengreen, Barry, and Ashoka Mody. 2006. “Would Collective
240
Action Clauses Raise Borrowing Costs? An Update and Ad-
ditional Results. “ Policy Research Working Paper 2373.
Eifert, Benn, and Alan Gelb. 2005. “Improving the Dynamics
of Aid: Toward More Predictable Budget Support.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3732.
Elbadawi, Ibrahim A., Linda Kaltani, and Klaus Schmidt-Heb-
bel. 2007. “Post-Conflict Aid, Real Exchange Rate Adjust-
ment, and Catch-up Growth.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4187.
Elbadawi, Ibrahim, Taye Mengistae, and Albert Zeufack. 2006.
“Market Access, Supplier Access, and Africa’s Manufactured
Exports: An Analysis of the Role of Geography and Institu-
tions.” Policy Research Working Paper 3942.
Elbers, Chris, Tomoki Fujii, Peter Lanjouw, Berk Ozler, and
Wesley Yin. 2004. “Poverty Alleviation through Geographic
Targeting: How Much Does Disaggregation Help?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3419.
Elbers, Chris, Peter Lanjouw, Johan A. Mistiaen, and Berk Ozler.
2005. “Re-Interpreting Sub-Group Inequality Decomposi-
tions.” Policy Research Working Paper 3687.
Emini, Christian Arnault, John Cockburn, and Bernard De-
caluwe. 2005. “The Poverty Impacts of the Doha Round in
Cameroon: The Role of Tax Policy.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3746.
Ersado, Lire. 2006. “Azerbaijan’s Household Survey Data: Ex-
plaining Why Inequality Is So Low.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4009.
_____. 2006. “Income Diversification in Zimbabwe: Welfare
Implications from Urban and Rural Areas.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3964.
_____. 2006. “Rural Vulnerability in Serbia.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4010.
Eschenbach, Felix, and Bernard Hoekman. 2005. “Services Pol-
icy Reform and Economic Growth in Transition Economies,
1990-2004.” Policy Research Working Paper 3663.
_____. 2006. “Services Policies in Transition Economies: On
the European Union and the World Trade Organization
as Commitment Mechanisms.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3951.
Escribano, Alvaro, and J. Luis Guasch. 2005. “Assessing the Im-
pact of the Investment Climate on Productivity Using Firm-
Level Data: Methodology and the Cases of Guatemala, Hon-
duras, and Nicaragua.” Policy Research Working Paper 3621.
Essama-Nssah, B. 2005. “The Poverty and Distributional Impact
of Macroeconomic Shocks and Policies: A Review of Model-
ing Approaches.” Policy Research Working Paper 3682.
Essama-Nssah B., and PeterJ. Lambert. 2006. “Measuring the
Pro-Poorness of Income Growth within an Elasticity Frame-
work.” Policy Research Working Paper 4035.
Essama-Nssah, Bessama. 2007. “A Poverty-Focused Evaluation
of Commodity Tax Options.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4245.
Essama-Nssah, Boniface. 2004. “A Unified Framework for Pro-
Poor Growth Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper
3397.
_____. 2005. “Simulating the Poverty Impact of Macroeconomic
Shocks and Policies.” Policy Research Working Paper 3788.
_____. 2006. “Propensity Score Matching and Policy Impact
Analysis - A Demonstration in Eviews.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3877.
Estache, Antonio. 2004. “Emerging Infrastructure Policy Issues
in Developing Countries - A Survey of the Recent Economic
Literature.” Policy Research Working Paper 3442.
_____. 2005. “PPI Partnerships Versus PPI Divorces in Develop-
ing Countries (or Are We Switching from PPPI to PPDI?).”
Policy Research Working Paper 3470.
Estache, Antonio, and Ana Goicoechea. 2005. “How Widespread
Were Private Investment and Regulatory Reform in In-
frastructure Utilities during The 1990s?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3595.
_____. 2005. “A ‘Research’ Database on Infrastructure Economic
Performance.” Policy Research Working Paper 3643.
Estache, Antonio, Ana Goicoechea, and Marco Manacorda. 2006.
“Telecommunications Performance, Reforms, and Gover-
nance.” Policy Research Working Paper 3822.
Estache, Antonio, Ana Goicoechea, and Lourdes Trujillo. 2006.
“Utilities Reforms and Corruption in Developing Coun-
tries.” Policy Research Working Paper 4081.
Estache, Antonio, Marianela Gonzalez, and Lourdes Trujillo.
2007. “Government Expenditures on Education, Health,
and Infrastructure: A Naive Look at Levels, Outcomes, and
Efficiency.” Policy Research Working Paper 4219.
Estache, Antonio, Jean-Jacques Laffont, and Zhang Xinzhu.
2004. “Universal Service Obligations in Developing Coun-
tries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3421.
Estache, Antonio, Sergio Perelman, and Lourdes Trujillo. 2005.
“Infrastructure Performance and Reform in Developing and
Transition Economies: Evidence from a Survey of Produc-
tivity Measures.” Policy Research Working Paper 3514.
Estache, Antonio, and Maria Elena Pinglo. 2004. “Are Returns to
Private Infrastructure in Developing Countries Consistent
with Risks Since the Asian Crisis?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3373.
Estache, Antonio, and Martin Rossi. 2004. “Have Consumers
Benefited from the Reforms in the Electricity Distribu-
tion Sector in Latin America?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3420.
Estache, Antonio, and Tomas Serebrisky. 2004. “Where Do We
241
Stand on Transport Infrastructure Deregulation and Public-
Private Partnership?” Policy Research Working Paper 3356.
Evenett, Simon J., and Bernard M. Hoekman. 2005. “Interna-
tional Cooperation and the Reform of Public Procurement
Policies.” Policy Research Working Paper 3720.
Facchini, Giovanni, Marcelo Olarreaga, Peri Silva, and Gerald
Willmann. 2007. “Substitutability and Protectionism: Latin
America’s Trade Policy and Imports from China and India.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4188.
Fajnzylber, Pablo, and Ana Margarida Fernandes. 2004. “Inter-
national Economic Activities and the Demand for Skilled
Labor: Evidence from Brazil and China.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3426.
Fajnzylber, Pablo, William F. Maloney, and Gabriel V. Montes
Rojas. 2006. “Releasing Constraints to Growth or Pushing
on a String? The Impact of Credit, Training, Business As-
sociations, and Taxes on the Performance of Mexican Micro-
Firms.” Policy Research Working Paper 3807.
Fan, Joseph P. H., Randall Morck, Colin Xu Lixin, and Bernard
Yeung. 2007. “Does ‘Good Government’ Draw Foreign Cap-
ital? Explaining China’s Exceptional Foreign Direct Invest-
ment Inflow.” Policy Research Working Paper 4206.
Fares, Jean, Claudio E. Montenegro, and Peter F. Orazem. 2006.
“How Are Youth Faring in the Labor Market? Evidence from
around the World.” Policy Research Working Paper 4071.
Fares, Jean, and Dhushyanth Raju. 2007. “Child Labor across
the Developing World: Patterns and Correlations.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4119.
Fares, Jean, and Erwin R. Tiongson. 2007. “Youth Unemploy-
ment, Labor Market Transitions, and Scarring: Evidence
from Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2001-04.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4183.
Fargues, Philippe. 2006. “The Demographic Benefit of Inter-
national Migration: Hypothesis and Application to the Mid-
dle Eastern and North African Contexts.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4050.
Fedderke, Johannes W., Bogetic, and Zeljko. 2006. “Infrastruc-
ture and Growth in South Africa: Direct and Indirect Pro-
ductivity Impacts of 19 Infrastructure Measures.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3989.
Feder, Gershon, and Sara Savastano. 2006. “The Role of Opin-
ion Leaders in the Diffusion of New Knowledge: The Case
of Integrated Pest Management.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3916.
Feenstra, Robert C., Alan Heston, Marcel P. Timmer, and Hai-
yan Deng. 2007. “Estimating Real Production and Expen-
ditures across Nations: A Proposal for Improving the Penn
World Tables.” Policy Research Working Paper 4166.
Feenstra, Robert, and Hiau Looi Kee. 2004. “Export Vari-
ety and Country Productivity.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3412.
Feijen, Erik. 2005. “Do Incumbents Manipulate Access to Fi-
nance during Banking Crises?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3660.
Fernandes, Ana M. 2005. “Trade Policy, Trade Volume, and
Plant-Level Productivity in Colombian Manufacturing In-
dustries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3064.
_____. 2006. “Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing
Industries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3988.
Fernandes, Ana M., and Alberto E. Isgut. 2005. “Learning-by-
Doing, Learning-by-Exporting, and Productivity: Evidence
from Colombia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3544.
Ferreira, Francisco H.G., Phillippe G. Leite, and Julie A. Li-
tchfield. 2006. “The Rise and Fall of Brazilian Inequality,
1981-2004.” Policy Research Working Paper 3867.
Ferreira, Francisco H.G., Phillippe G. Leite, and Matthew
Wai-Poi. 2007. “Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows,
and Wage Inequality in Brazil.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4108.
Ferreira, Francisco H.G., and Michael Walton. 2006. “Inequal-
ity of Opportunity and Economic Development.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3816.
Fiess, Norbert. 2005. “Business Cycle Synchronization and Re-
gional Integration: A Case Study for Central America.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3584.
Fiess, Norbert, and Rashmi Shankar. 2005. “Regime-Switching
in Exchange Rate Policy and Balance Sheet Effects.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3653.
Filho, Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira, and Mark Horridge.
2005. “The Doha Round, Poverty, and Regional Inequality
in Brazil.” Policy Research Working Paper 3701.
Filmer, Deon. 2005. “Disability, Poverty, and Schooling in De-
veloping Countries: Results from 11 Household Surveys.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3794.
Filmer, Deon, and Norbert Schady. 2006. “Getting Girls into
School: Evidence from a Scholarship Program in Cambodia.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3910.
Finger, J. Michael, and John S. Wilson. 2006. “Implementing A
WTO Agreement on Trade Facilitation: What Makes Sense?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3971.
Fink, Carsten, and Deunden Nikomborirak. 2007. “Rules of Ori-
gin in Services: A Case Study of Five ASEAN Countries.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4130.
Flabbi, Luca, Stefano Paternostro, and Erwin R. Tiongson. 2007.
“Returns to Education in the Economic Transition: A Sys-
tematic Assessment Using Comparable Data.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4225.
Fleischer, Aliza, Ivgenia Lichtman, and Robert Mendelsohn.
242
2007. “Climate Change, Irrigation, and Israeli Agriculture:
Will Warming Be Harmful?” Policy Research Working
Paper 4135.
Flyvbjerg, Bent . 2005. “Policy and Planning for Large Infra-
structure Projects: Problems, Causes, Cures.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3781.
Fofack, Hippolyte L. 2005. “Nonperforming Loans in Sub-Sa-
haran Africa: Causal Analysis and Macroeconomic Implica-
tions.” Policy Research Working Paper 3769.
Foster, Vivien. 2004. “Toward a Social Policy for Argentina’s In-
frastructure Sectors - Evaluating the Past and Exploring the
Future.” Policy Research Working Paper 3422.
Foster, Vivien, and Tito Yepes. 2006. “Is Cost Recovery a Fea-
sible Objective for Water and Electricity? The Latin Ameri-
can Experience.” Policy Research Working Paper 3943.
Fox, William F., and Tami Gurley. 2006. “Will Consolidation Im-
prove Sub-National Governments?” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3913.
Francois, Joseph, Bernard Hoekman, and Miriam Manchin. 2005.
“Preference Erosion and Multilateral Trade Liberalization.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3730.
Francois, Joseph, and Miriam Manchin. 2007. “Institutions, In-
frastructure, and Trade.” Policy Research Working Paper
4152.
Francois, Joseph F., and Hugo Rojas-Romagosa. 2005. “The Con-
struction and Interpretation of Combined Cross-Section and
Time-Series Inequality Datasets.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3748.
_____. 2005. “Equity, Welfare, and the Setting of Trade Policy
in General Equilibrium.” Policy Research Working Paper
3731.
François, Joseph, and Ian Wooton. 2007. “Market Structure and
Market Access.” Policy Research Working Paper 4151.
Fredriksson, Per G., Muthukumara Mani, and Jim R. Wollscheid.
2006. “Environmental Federalism: A Panacea or Pandora’s
Box for Developing Countries?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3847.
Freinkman, Lev, and Alexander Plekhanov. 2005. “What Deter-
mines the Extent of Fiscal Decentralization? The Russian
Paradox.” Policy Research Working Paper 3710.
Freund, Caroline , and Caglar Ozden. 2004. “Loss Aversion and
Trade Policy.” Policy Research Working Paper 3385.
Freund, Caroline, and Nikola Spatafora. 2005. “Remittances:
Transaction Costs, Determinants, and Informal Flows.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 3704.
Friedman, Felice B., and Claire Grose. 2006. “Promoting Access
to Primary Equity Markets: A Legal and Regulatory Ap-
proach.” Policy Research Working Paper 3892.
Fujii, Tomoki. 2005. “Micro-Level Estimation of Child Malnu-
trition Indicators and Its Application in Cambodia.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3662.
Fujita, Kumiko, and Richard Child Hill. 2005. “Innovative To-
kyo.” Policy Research Working Paper 3507.
Galasso, Emanuela, and Jeffrey Yau. 2006. “Learning through
Monitoring: Lessons from a Large-Scale Nutrition Program
in Madagascar.” Policy Research Working Paper 4058.
Galiani, Sebastián, Martin Rossi, and Ernesto Schargrodsky.
2006. “Conscription and Crime.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4037.
Galiano, Sebastian, and Guido G. Porto. 2006. “Trends in Tariff
Reforms and Trends in Wage Inequality.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3905.
Gallardo, Joselito, Korotoumou Ouattara, Bikki Randhawa, and
William F. Steel. 2005. “Comparative Review of Microfi-
nance Regulatory Framework Issues in Benin, Ghana, and
Tanzania.” Policy Research Working Paper 3585.
Gan, Li, Lixin Colin Xu, and Yao Yang. 2007. “Local Elections
and Consumption Insurance: Evidence from Chinese Vil-
lages.” Policy Research Working Paper 4205.
Garcia-Prado, Ariadna. 2005. “Sweetening the Carrot: Motivat-
ing Public Physicians for Better Performance.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3772.
Gasmi, Farid, Paul Noumba Um, and Laura Recuero Virto. 2006.
“Political Accountability and Regulatory Performance in In-
frastructure Industries: An Empirical Analysis.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4101.
Gatti, Roberta, and Inessa Love. 2006. “Does Access to Credit
Improve Productivity? Evidence from Bulgarian Firms.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3921.
Gawande, Kishore. 2005. “The Structure of Lobbying and
Protection in U.S. Agriculture.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3722.
Gawande, Kishore, and Bernard Hoekman. 2006. “Lobbying and
Agricultural Trade Policy in the United States.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3819.
Gertler, Paul, Sebastian Martinez, and Marta Rubio-Codina.
2006. “Investing Cash Transfers to Raise Long-Term Living
Standards.” Policy Research Working Paper 3994.
Gertler, Paul, Harry Patrinos, and Marta Rubio-Codina. 2006.
“Empowering Parents to Improve Education: Evidence
from Rural Mexico.” Policy Research Working Paper 3935.
Ghesquiere, Francis, Luis Jamin, and Olivier Mahul. 2006.
“Earthquake Vulnerability Reduction Program in Colom-
bia: A Probabilistic Cost-Benefit Analysis.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3939.
Ghosh, Swati, and Ernesto Revilla. 2007. “Enhancing The Ef-
ficiency of Securities Markets in East Asia.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4129.
243
Gibson, Christopher, and Michael Woolcock. 2005. “Empower-
ment and Local Level Conflict Mediation in Indonesia: A
Comparative Analysis of Concepts, Measures, and Project
Efficacy.” Policy Research Working Paper 3713.
Gibson, John, and David McKenzie. 2007. “Using the Global Po-
sitioning System in Household Surveys for Better Economics
and Better Policy.” Policy Research Working Paper 4195.
Gill, Indermit, and Brian Pinto. 2005. “Public Debt in Devel-
oping Countries: Has the Market-Based Model Worked?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3674.
Gine, Xavier. 2005. “Access to Capital in Rural Thailand: An
Estimated Model of Formal Versus Informal Credit.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3502.
_____. 2005. “Cultivate or Rent Out? Land Security in Rural
Thailand.” Policy Research Working Paper 3734.
Giné, Xavier, Pamela Jakiela, Dean Karlan, and Jonathan Mor-
duch. 2006. “Microfinance Games.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3959.
Gine, Xavier, and Dean S. Karlan. 2006. “Group Versus Individ-
ual Liability: A Field Experiment in the Philippines.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4008.
Gine, Xavier, and Stefan Klonner. 2005. “Credit Constraints as
a Barrier to Technology Adoption by the Poor: Lessons from
South Indian Small-Scale Fishery.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3665.
Gine, Xavier, and Inessa Love. 2006. “Do Reorganization Costs
Matter for Efficiency? Evidence from a Bankruptcy Reform
in Colombia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3970.
Giovagnoli, Paula Inés, Ariel Fiszbein, and Harry Anthony Patri-
nos. 2005. “Estimating the Returns to Education in Argen-
tina: 1992-2002.” Policy Research Working Paper 3715.
Glaesnner, Thomas G., and Zeynep Kantur. 2004. “Two Case
Studies on Electronic Distribution of Government Securi-
ties: The U.S. Treasury Direct System and the Philippine
Expanded Small Investors Program.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3372.
Gleditsch, Nils Petter, Lene Siljeholm Christiansen, and Havard
Hegre. 2007. “Democratic Jihad? Military Intervention and
Democracy.” Policy Research Working Paper 4242.
Glinskaya, Elena, and Michael Lokshin. 2005. “Wage Differen-
tials Between the Public and Private Sector in India.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3574.
Go, Delfin S., Marna Kearney, Sherman Robinson, and Karen
Thierfelder. 2005. “An Analysis of South Africa’s Value Add-
ed Tax.” Policy Research Working Paper 3671.
Goldberg, Itzhak, Branko Radulovic, and Mark Schaffer. 2005.
“Productivity, Ownership, and the Investment Climate: In-
ternational Lessons for Priorities in Serbia.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3681.
Goncalves, Marilyne Pereira, and Constantinos Stephanou. 2007.
“Financial Services and Trade Agreements in Latin America
and the Caribbean: An Overview.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4181.
Goni, Edwin, Humberto Lopez, and Luis Serven. 2006. “Get-
ting Real about Inequality: Evidence from Brazil, Colombia,
Mexico, and Peru.” Policy Research Working Paper 3815.
Gonzalez, Maria Manuela, and Lourdes Trujillo. 2005. “Reforms
and Infrastructure Efficiency in Spain’s Container Ports.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3515.
Goodwin, Barry K., and Olivier Mahul. 2004. “Risk Modeling
Concepts Relating to the Design and Rating of Agricultural
Insurance Contracts.” Policy Research Working Paper 3392.
Goto, Junichi. 2007. “Latin Americans of Japanese Origin (Nik-
keijin) Working in Japan: A Survey.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4203.
Gourdon, Julien, Nicolas Maystre, and Jaime de Melo. 2006.
“Openness, Inequality, and Poverty: Endowments Matter.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3981.
Gozzi, Juan Carlos, Ross Levine, and Sergio L. Schmukler. 2006.
“Internationalization and the Evolution of Corporate Valua-
tion.” Policy Research Working Paper 3933.
Grais, Wafik, and Matteo Pellegrini. 2006. “Corporate Gov-
ernance and Shariah Compliance in Institutions Offer-
ing Islamic Financial Services.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4054.
_____. 2006. “Corporate Governance and Stakeholders’ Finan-
cial Interests in Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Ser-
vices.” Policy Research Working Paper 4053.
_____. 2006. “Corporate Governance in Institutions Offering
Islamic Financial Services: Issues and Options.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4052.
Grether, Jean-Marie, Nicole A. Mathys, and Jaime de Melo.
2006. “Unraveling the Worldwide Pollution Haven Effect.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4047.
Gross, Dominique M. 2006. “Immigration Policy and For-
eign Population in Switzerland.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3853.
_____. 2006. “Immigration to Switzerland - The Case of the
Former Republic of Yugoslavia.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3880.
Guasch, J. Luis, Jean-Jacques Laffont, and Stephane Straub.
2005. “Infrastructure Concessions in Latin America: Gov-
ernment-Led Renegotiations.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3749.
Guermazi, Boutheina, and Isabel Neto. 2005. “Mobile License
Renewal: What Are the Issues? What Is at Stake?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3729.
Guerson, Alejandro, James Parks, and Monica Parra Torrado.
244
2007. “Export Structure and Growth: A Detailed Analysis for
Argentina.” Policy Research Working Paper 4237.
Guillaumont, Patrick, and Rachid Laajaj. 2006. “When Instabil-
ity Increases the Effectiveness of Aid Projects.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4034.
Gurgur, Tugrul, and Anwar Shah. 2005. “Localization and Cor-
ruption: Panacea or Pandora’s Box?” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3486.
Haddad, Mona. 2007. “Trade Integration in East Asia: The Role
of China and Production Networks.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4160.
Haltiwanger, John, Stefano Scarpetta, and Helena Schweiger.
2006. “Assessing Job Flows across Countries: The Role of
Industry, Firm Size, and Regulations.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4070.
Hamilton, Kirk. 2005. “Testing Genuine Saving.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3577.
Hamilton, Kirk, Susmita Dasgupta, Kiran Pandey, and David R.
Wheeler. 2004. “Air Pollution during Growth: Accounting for
Governance and Vulnerability.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3383.
Hamilton, Kirk, Giovanni Ruta, and Liaila Tajibaeva. 2005.
“Capital Accumulation and Resources Depletion - A Hart-
wick Rule Counterfactual.” Policy Research Working Paper
3480.
Hanushek, Eric A., and Ludger Woessmann. 2007. “The Role of
Education Quality for Economic Growth.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4122.
Hausman, Warren H., Hau L. Lee, and Uma Subramanian.
2005. “Global Logistics Indicators, Supply Chain Metrics,
and Bilateral Trade Patterns.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3773.
Hayami, Yujiro. 2007. “An Emerging Agricultural Problem in
High-Performing Asian Economies.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4312.
Hazans, Mihails. 2005. “Unemployment and the Earnings Struc-
ture in Latvia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3504.
Heckelman, Jac, and Stephen Knack. 2005. “Foreign Aid and
Market-Liberalizing Reform.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3557.
Hegre, Havard, and Clionadh Raleigh. 2007. “Population Size,
Concentration, and Civil War: A Geographically Disaggre-
gated Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper 4243.
Heinemann, Alessandra, and Dorte Verner. 2006. “Crime and
Violence in Development: A Literature Review of Latin
America and the Caribbean.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4041.
Henisz, Witold J., and Bennet A. Zelner. 2005. “Resistance to
Multilateral Influence on Reform: The Political Backlash
against Private Infrastructure Investments.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3690.
Henley, Andrew, G. Reza Arabsheibani, and Francisco G. Car-
neiro. 2006. “On Defining and Measuring the Informal Sec-
tor.” Policy Research Working Paper 3866.
Hentschel, Jesko. 2004. “Using Rapid City Surveys to Inform
Municipal Social Policy: An Application in Cali, Colombia.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3369.
Hernandez-Zavala, Martha, Harry Anthony Patrinos, Chris Sake-
llariou, and Joseph Shapiro. 2006. “Quality of Schooling and
Quality of Schools for Indigenous Students in Guatemala,
Mexico, and Peru.” Policy Research Working Paper 3982.
Herrera, Santiago. 2005. “Policy Mix, Public Debt Management,
and Fiscal Rules - Lessons from the 2002 Brazilian Crisis.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3512.
Herrera, Santiago, and Gaobo Pang. 2005. “Efficiency of Public
Spending in Developing Countries: An Efficiency Frontier
Approach.” Policy Research Working Paper 3645.
Herrero, Alicia Garcia, and Maria Soledad Martinez Peria.
2005. “The Mix of International Banks’ Foreign Claims:
Determinants and Implications.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3755.
Hertel, Thomas W., Roman Keeney, Maros Ivanic, and L. Alan
Winters. 2006. “Distributional Effects of WTO Agricultur-
al Reforms in Rich and Poor Countries.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4060.
Hertel Thomas W., Paul V. Preckel, and J.A.L. Cranfield. 2007.
“Poverty Analysis Using an International Cross-Country
Demand System.” Policy Research Working Paper 4285.
Hertel, Thomas W., and Jeffrey J. Reimer. 2004. “Predicting the
Poverty Impacts of Trade Reform.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3444.
Hertel, Thomas W., and L. Alan Winters. 2005. “Poverty Impacts
of a WTO Agreement: Synthesis and Overview.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3757.
Hertel, Thomas, and Fan Zhai. 2004. “Labor Market Distor-
tions, Rural-Urban Inequality, and the Opening of China’s
Economy.” Policy Research Working Paper 3455.
Herzberg, Benjamin. 2004. “Investment Climate Reform - Go-
ing the Last Mile: The Bulldozer Initiative in Bosnia and
Herzegovina.” Policy Research Working Paper 3390.
Herzberg, Benjamin, and Andrew Wright. 2005. “Competitive-
ness Partnerships: Building and Maintaining Public-Private
Dialogue to Improve the Investment Climate - A Resource
Drawn from the Review of 40 Countries’ Experiences.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 3683.
Hesse, Heiko. 2007. “Financial Intermediation in the Pre-Con-
solidated Banking Sector in Nigeria.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4267.
245
______. 2007. “Monetary Policy, Structural Break, and the Mon-
etary Transmission Mechanism in Thailand.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4248.
Hiau, Looi Kee, and Derek H.C. Chen. 2005. “A Model on
Knowledge and Endogenous Growth.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3539.
Hildebrandt, Nicole, and David McKenzie. 2005. “The Effects
of Migration on Child Health in Mexico.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3573.
Hoekman, Bernard. 2006. “Liberalizing Trade in Services: A
Survey.” Policy Research Working Paper 4030.
Hoekman, Bernard, and Beata Smarzynska Javorcik. 2004. “Poli-
cies Facilitating Firm Adjustment to Globalization.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3441.
Hoekman, Bernard, and Caglar Ozden. 2005. “Trade Preferenc-
es and Differential Treatment of Developing Countries: A
Selective Survey.” Policy Research Working Paper 3566.
Hoekman. Bernard, and Susan Prowse. 2005. “Economic Policy
Responses to Preference Erosion: From Trade as Aid to Aid
for Trade.” Policy Research Working Paper 3721.
Hoekman, Bernard, and L. Alan Winters. 2005. “Trade and Em-
ployment: Stylized Facts and Research Findings.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3676.
Hoff, Karla, and Arijit Sen. 2005. “The Kin System as a Poverty
Trap?” Policy Research Working Paper 3575.
Hoff, Karla, and Joseph E. Stiglitz. 2005. “The Creation of the
Rule of Law and the Legitimacy of Property Rights: The
Political and Economic Consequences of a Corrupt Privati-
zation.” Policy Research Working Paper 3779.
Hofman, Bert, Kadjatmiko, Kai Kaiser, and Sjahrir Bambang Su-
harnoko. 2006. “Evaluating Fiscal Equalization in Indone-
sia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3911.
Honohan, Patrick. 2005. “Banking Sector Crises and Inequality.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3659.
_____. 2005. “Measuring Microfinance Access: Building on
Existing Cross-Country Data.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3606.
_____. 2006. “Household Financial Assets in the Process of De-
velopment.” Policy Research Working Paper 3965.
_____. 2007. “Dollarization and Exchange Rate Fluctuations.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4172.
Hoornweg, Daniel, Fernanda Ruiz Nunez, Mila Freire, Natalie
Palugyai, Maria Villaveces, and Eduardo Wills Herrera. 2007.
“City Indicators: Now to Nanjing.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4114.
Hostland, Doug, and Philippe Karam. 2006. “Assessing Debt
Sustainability in Emerging Market Economies Using Sto-
chastic Simulation Methods.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3821.
Huber, Peter. 2006. “Regional Labor Market Developments in
Transition.” Policy Research Working Paper 3896.
Hurlin, Christophe. 2006. “Network Effects of the Productivity
of Infrastructure in Developing Countries.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3808.
Ianchovichina, Elena. 2005. “Duty Drawbacks, Competitive-
ness, and Growth - Are Duty Drawbacks Worth the Hassle?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3498.
Ianchovichina, Elena, and Pooja Kacker. 2005. “Growth Trends
in the Developing World: Country Forecasts and Determi-
nants.” Policy Research Working Paper 3775.
Ianchovichina, Elena, Lili Liu, and Mohan Nagarajan. 2006.
“Subnational Fiscal Sustainability Analysis: What Can
We Learn from Tamil Nadu?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3947.
Iimi, Atsushi. 2007. “Infrastructure and Trade Preferences for
the Livestock Sector: Empirical Evidence from the Beef In-
dustry in Africa.” Policy Research Working Paper 4201.
_____. 2007. “Price Structure and Network Externalities in the
Telecommunications Industry: Evidence from Sub-Saharan
Africa.” Policy Research Working Paper 4200.
Imbs, Jean, and Romain Ranciere. 2005. “The Overhang Hang-
over.” Policy Research Working Paper 3673.
Impavido, Gregorio. 2007. “The Mexican Pension Annuity Mar-
ket.” Policy Research Working Paper 4236.
Impavido, Gregorio, and Roberto Rocha. 2006. “Competition
and Performance in the Hungarian Second Pillar.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3876.
Infrastructure Department, Europe and Central Asia Region.
2006. “Dimensions of Urban Poverty in the Europe and
Central Asia Region.” Policy Research Working Paper 3998.
Ishihara, Yoichiro. 2005. “Quantitative Analysis of Crisis: Crisis
Identification and Causality.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3598.
Isik-Dikmelik, Aylin. 2006. “Trade Reforms and Welfare: An Ex-
Post Decomposition of Income in Vietnam.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4049.
Islam, Roumeen. 2004. “What Are the Right Institutions in a
Globalizing World? and... Can We Keep Them If We Have
Found Them?” Policy Research Working Paper 3448.
_____. 2007. “Economic Information and Finance: More Infor-
mation Means More Credit, Fewer Bad Loans, and Less
Corruption.” Policy Research Working Paper 4250.
Islam, Roumeen, and Ariell Reshef. 2006. “Trade and Harmoni-
zation: If Your Institutions Are Good, Does It Matter If They
Are Different?” Policy Research Working Paper 3907.
Jacoby, Hanan G., and Ghazala Mansuri. 2006. “Incomplete
Contracts and Investment: A Study of Land Tenancy in Pak-
istan.” Policy Research Working Paper 3826.
246
_____. 2007. “Incentives, Supervision, and Sharecropper Pro-
ductivity.” Policy Research Working Paper 4125.
_____. 2007. “Watta Satta: Bride Exchange and Women’s Welfare
in Rural Pakistan.” Policy Research Working Paper 4126.
Jain, Suman. 2007. “An Empirical Economic Assessment of Im-
pacts of Climate Change on Agriculture in Zambia.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4291.
Jamasb, Tooraj, Raffaella Mota, David Newbery, and Michael
Pollitt. 2005. “Electricity Sector Reform in Developing
Countries: A Survey of Empirical Evidence on Determinants
and Performance.” Policy Research Working Paper 3549.
Jamasb, Tooraj, David Newbery, and Michael Pollitt. 2005. “Core
Indicators for Determinants and Performance of the Elec-
tricity Sector in Developing Countries.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3599.
Jamison, Mark A. 2005. “Leadership and the Independent Reg-
ulator.” Policy Research Working Paper 3620.
Javorcik, Beata, Wolfgang Keller, and James Tybout. 2006.
“Openness and Industrial Response in a Wal-Mart World: A
Case Study of Mexican Soaps, Detergents, and Surfactant
Producers.” Policy Research Working Paper 3999.
Javorcik, Beata S., and Gaia Narciso. 2007. “Differentiated Prod-
ucts and Evasion of Import Tariffs.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4123.
Javorcik, Beata S., Caglar Ozden, Mariana Spatareanu, and Cris-
tina Neagu. 2006. “Migrant Networks and Foreign Direct
Investment.” Policy Research Working Paper 4046.
Javorcik, Beata S., Kamal Saggi, and Mariana Spatareanu. 2004.
“Does It Matter Where You Come from? Vertical Spillovers
from Foreign Direct Investment and the Nationality of In-
vestors.” Policy Research Working Paper 3449.
Jennings, Colin. 2007. “Political Leadership, Conflict, and the
Prospects for Constitutional Peace.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4196.
Jensen, Jesper, Thomas Rutherford, and David Tarr. 2004. “The
Impact of Liberalizing Barriers to Foreign Direct Investment
in Services: The Case of Russian Accession to the World
Trade Organization.” Policy Research Working Paper 3391.
_____. 2005. “Telecommunications Reform within Russia’s Ac-
cession to the World Trade Organization.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3501.
Jensen, Jesper, and David Tarr. 2007. “The Impact of Kazakh-
stan Accession to the World Trade Organization: A Quantita-
tive Assessment.” Policy Research Working Paper 4142.
Jensen, Olivia, and Frederic Blanc-Brude. 2006. “The Hand-
shake: Why Do Governments and Firms Sign Private Sector
Participation Deals? Evidence from the Water and Sanitation
Sector in Developing Countries.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3937.
Jha, Saumitra, Vijayendra Rao, and Michael Woolcock. 2005.
“Governance in the Gullies: Democratic Responsiveness
and Leadership in Delhi’s Slums.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3694.
Jiang, Juan, Yuko Harayama, and Shiro Abe. 2006. “Universi-
ty-Local Industry Linkages: The Case of Tohoku Univer-
sity in the Sendai Area of Japan.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3991.
Johansson, Robert C. 2005. “Micro and Macro-Level Approaches
for Assessing the Value of Irrigation Water.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3778.
Johnsson, Rosa Maria Formiga, and Karin Kemper. 2005. “In-
stitutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management:
The Alto-Tiete River Basin, São Paulo, Brazil.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3650.
_____. 2005. “Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin
Management: The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceara, Brazil.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3649.
Johnston, Michael, and Sahr J. Kpundeh. 2004. “Building a
Clean Machine: Anti-Corruption Coalitions and Sustainable
Reform.” Policy Research Working Paper 3466.
Jun Koo, and Somik V. Lall. 2005. “Economic Geography: Real
or Hype?” Policy Research Working Paper 3465.
Justesen, Michael, and Dorte Verner. 2007. “Factors Impacting
Youth Development in Haiti.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4110.
Kalavakonda, Vijay, and Olivier Mahul. 2005. “Crop Insurance in
Karnataka.” Policy Research Working Paper 3654.
Kaminski, Bartlomiej. 2006. “Bulgaria’s Institutions and Poli-
cies: Integrating into Pan-European Markets.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3864.
Kaminski, Bartlomiej, and Francis Ng. 2004. “Romania’s Inte-
gration into European Markets: Implications for Sustainabil-
ity of the Current Export Boom.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3451.
_____. 2006. “Bulgaria’s Integration into the Pan-European
Economy and Industrial Restructuring.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3863.
_____. 2006. “Turkey’s Evolving Trade Integration into Pan-Eu-
ropean Markets.” Policy Research Working Paper 3908.
Kapoor, Mudit, and David Le Blanc. 2004. “Measuring the Risk
on Housing Investment in the Informal Sector: Theory
and Evidence from Pune, India.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3433.
Karacaovali, Baybars. 2006. “Productivity Matters for Trade Pol-
icy: Theory and Evidence.” Policy Research Working Paper
3925.
Karacaovali, Baybars, and Nuno Limao. 2005. “The Clash of
Liberalizations: Preferential Versus Multilateral Trade Lib-
247
eralization in the European Union.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3493.
Kariuki, Mukami, and Jordan Schwartz. 2005. “Small-Scale Pri-
vate Service Providers of Water Supply and Electricity: A
Review of Incidence, Structure, Pricing, and Operating
Characteristics.” Policy Research Working Paper 3727.
Kaufmann, Daniel, Aart Kraay, and Massimo Mastruzzi. 2005.
“Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for
1996–2004.” Policy Research Working Paper 3630.
_____. 2006. “Governance Matters V: Aggregate and Individu-
al Governance Indicators for 1996–2005.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4012.
_____. 2007. “The Worldwide Governance Indicators Project: An-
swering the Critics.” Policy Research Working Paper 4149.
Kaufmann, Daniel, Frannie Leautier, and Massimo Mastruzzi.
2005. “Governance and the City: An Empirical Exploration
into Global Determinants of Urban Performance.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3712.
Kee, Hiau Looi, and Derek H.C. Chen. 2005. “A Model on
Knowledge and Endogenous Growth.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3539.
Kee, Hiau Looi, Alessandro Nicita, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2004.
“Import Demand Elasticities and Trade Distortions.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3452.
_____. 2006. “Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3840.
Keefer, Philip. 2004. “Elections, Special Interests, and the Fis-
cal Costs of Financial Crisis.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3439.
_____. 2005. “Democratization and Clientelism: Why Are Young
Democracies Badly Governed?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3594.
_____. 2007. “Beyond Legal Origin and Checks and Balances:
Political Credibility, Citizen Information, and Financial Sec-
tor Development.” Policy Research Working Paper 4154.
_____. 2007. “Insurgency and Credible Commitment in Autoc-
racies and Democracies.” Policy Research Working Paper
4185.
Keefer, Philip, and Razvan Vlaicu. 2005. “Democracy, Credibil-
ity and Clientelism.” Policy Research Working Paper 3472.
Kellermann, Tom, and Valerie McNevin. 2005. “Capital Markets
and E-Fraud: Policy Note and Concept Paper for Future
Study.” Policy Research Working Paper 3586.
Kenny, Charles. 2005. “Reforming the Posts: Abandoning the
Monopoly-Supported Postal Universal Service Obliga-
tion in Developing Countries.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3627.
_____. 2006. “Measuring and Reducing the Impact of Corruption
in Infrastructure.” Policy Research Working Paper 4099.
_____. 2006. “What Is Effective Aid? How Would Donors Allo-
cate It?” Policy Research Working Paper 4005.
_____. 2007. “Construction, Corruption, and Developing Coun-
tries.” Policy Research Working Paper 4271.
Kenyon, Thomas. 2007. “A Framework for Thinking about En-
terprise Formalization Policies in Developing Countries.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4235.
Kessides, Ioannis N., Zeljko Bogetic, and Luiz Maurer. 2007.
“Current and Forthcoming Issues in the South African Elec-
tricity Sector.” Policy Research Working Paper 4197.
Keun Lee, Byung-Kook Kim, H. Lee Chung, and Yee Jaeyeol.
2005. “Visible Success and Invisible Failure in Post-Crisis
Reform in the Republic of Korea: Interplay of the Global
Standards, Agents, and Local Specificity.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3651.
Khan, Faruk A. 2006. “New Product Technology, Accumulation,
and Growth.” Policy Research Working Paper 3846.
Khandker, Shahidur R., Zaid Bakht, and Gayatri B. Koolwal.
2006. “The Poverty Impact of Rural Roads: Evidence from
Bangladesh.” Policy Research Working Paper 3875.
Kikeri, Sunita, Thomas Kenyon, and Vincent Palmade. 2006.
“Reforming the Investment Climate: Lessons for Practitio-
ners.” Policy Research Working Paper 3986.
Kikeri, Sunita, and Aishetu Kolo. 2005. “Privatization: Trends
and Recent Developments.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3765.
Killicoat, Phillip. 2007. “Weaponomics: The Global Market for
Assault Rifles.” Policy Research Working Paper 4202.
Kim, Namsuk. 2007. “The Impact of Remittances on Labor
Supply: The Case of Jamaica.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4120.
Kim-Song Tan, and Sock-Yong Phang. 2005. “From Efficiency-
Driven to Innovation-Driven Economic Growth: Perspectives
from Singapore.” Policy Research Working Paper 3569.
Kisunko, Gregory, and Jacqueline Coolidge. 2007. “Survey of
Land and Real Estate Transactions in the Russian Federa-
tion: Statistical Analysis of Selected Hypotheses.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4115.
Klapper, Leora. 2005. “The Role of Factoring for Financing
Small and Medium Enterprises.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3593.
Klapper, Leora F., Luc Laeven, and Inessa Love. 2005. “What
Drives Corporate Governance Reform? Firm-Level Evi-
dence from Eastern Europe.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3600.
Klapper, Leora, Virginia Sarria-Allende, and Rida Zaidi. 2006. “A
Firm-Level Analysis of Small and Medium Size Enterprise
Financing in Poland.” Policy Research Working Paper 3984.
Klinger, Bailey, and Daniel Lederman. 2004. “Discovery and
248
Development: An Empirical Exploration of ‘New’ Prod-
ucts.” Policy Research Working Paper 3450.
_____. 2006. “Diversification, Innovation, and Imitation inside
the Global Technological Frontier.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3872.
_____. 2006. “Innovation and Export Portfolios.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3983.
Klytchnikova, Irina, and Ndiame Diop. 2006. “Trade Reforms,
Farm Productivity, and Poverty in Bangladesh.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3980.
Klytchnikova, Irina, and Michael Lokshin. 2007. “Measuring
Welfare Gains from Better Quality Infrastructure.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4217.
Knack, Stephen. 2006. “Measuring Corruption in Eastern Eu-
rope and Central Asia: A Critique of the Cross-Country Indi-
cators.” Policy Research Working Paper 3968.
Knill, April M. 2005. “Can Foreign Portfolio Investment Bridge
the Small Firm Financing Gap around the World?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3796.
_____. 2005. “Taking the Bad with the Good: Volatility of For-
eign Portfolio Investment and Financial Constraints of Small
Firms.” Policy Research Working Paper 3797.
Komives, Kristin, Jonathan Halpern, Vivien Foster, Quentin
Wodon, and Roohi Abdullah. 2006. “The Distributional
Incidence of Residential Water and Electricity Subsidies.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3878.
Kopits, Elizabeth, and Maureen Cropper. 2005. “Why Have
Traffic Fatalities Declined in Industrialized Countries? Im-
plications for Pedestrians and Vehicle Occupants.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3678.
Korinek, Anton, Johan A. Mistiaen, and Martin Ravallion. 2005.
“An Econometric Method of Correcting for Unit Nonresponse
Bias in Surveys.” Policy Research Working Paper 3711.
_____. 2005. “Survey Nonresponse and the Distribution of In-
come.” Policy Research Working Paper 3543.
Kraay, Aart. 2007. “The Welfare Effects of a Large Deprecia-
tion: The Case of Egypt, 2000-05.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4182.
Kraay, Aart, and Claudio Raddatz. 2005. “Poverty Traps, Aid, and
Growth.” Policy Research Working Paper 3631.
Kraay, Aart, and Jaume Ventura. 2005. “The Dot-Com Bubble,
the Bush Deficits, and the U.S. Current Account.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3672.
Krebs, Tom, Pravin Krishna, and William Maloney. 2005. “Trade
Policy, Income Risk, and Welfare.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3622.
Kremer, Michael, Edward Miguel, Rebecca Thornton, and Owen
Ozier. 2005. “Incentives to Learn.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3546.
Kristensen, Nicolai, and Wendy Cunningham. 2006. “Do Mini-
mum Wages in Latin America and the Caribbean Matter?
Evidence from 19 Countries.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3870.
Kristensen, Nicolai, and Dorte Verner. 2005. “Labor Market
Distortions in Côte d’Ivoire: Analyses of Employer-Employ-
ee Data from the Manufacturing Sector.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3771.
Krivonos, Ekaterina. 2004. “The Impact of Coffee Market Re-
forms on Producer Prices and Price Transmission.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3358.
Krivonos, Ekaterina, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2006. “Sugar Pric-
es, Labor Income, and Poverty in Brazil.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3874.
Kuijs, Louis. 2005. “Investment and Saving in China.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3633.
_____. 2006. “How Will China’s Saving-Investment Balance
Evolve?” Policy Research Working Paper 3958.
Kuijs, Louis, and Tao Wang. 2005. “China’s Pattern of Growth:
Moving to Sustainability and Reducing Inequality.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3767.
Kuiper, Marijke, and Frank van Tongeren. 2005. “Growing To-
gether or Growing Apart? A Village Level Study of the Im-
pact of the Doha Round on Rural China.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3696.
Kume, Honorio, and Guida Piani. 2005. “Antidumping and Safe-
guard Mechanisms: The Brazilian Experience, 1988-2003.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3562.
Kurukulasuriya, Pradeep, Ariel Dinar, and Shlomi Dinar. 2007.
“Scarperation: An Empirical Inquiry into the Role of Scar-
city in Fostering Cooperation between International River
Riparians.” Policy Research Working Paper 4294.
Kurukulasuriya, Pradeep, Marita Manley, and David Maddison.
2007. “The Impact of Climate Change on African Agricul-
ture: A Ricardian Approach.” Policy Research Working Paper
4306.
Ladekarl, Jeppe, Regitze Ladekarl, Erik Brink Andersen, and
Dimitri Vittas. 2007. “The Use of Derivatives to Hedge Em-
bedded Options: The Case of Pension Institutions in Den-
mark.” Policy Research Working Paper 4159.
Lall, Somik V., and Mattias Lundberg. 2006. “What Are Public
Services Worth, and to Whom? Non-Parametric Estimation of
Capitalization in Pune.” Policy Research Working Paper 3924.
Lall, Somik V., and Taye Mengistae. 2005. “Business Environ-
ment, Clustering, and Industry Location: Evidence from In-
dian Cities.” Policy Research Working Paper 3675.
_____. 2005. “The Impact of Business Environment and Eco-
nomic Geography on Plant-Level Productivity: An Analysis
of Indian Industry.” Policy Research Working Paper 3664.
249
Lall, Somik V., Harris Selod, and Zmarak Shalizi. 2006. “Rural-
Urban Migration in Developing Countries: A Survey of
Theoretical Predictions and Empirical Findings.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3915.
Lall, Somik V., Ajay Suri, and Uwe Deichmann. 2005. “House-
hold Savings and Residential Mobility in Informal Settle-
ments.” Policy Research Working Paper 3596.
Lam, David. 2006. “The Demography of Youth in Developing
Countries and Its Economic Implications.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4022.
Lane, Philip R., and Sergio L. Schmukler. 2007. “The Interna-
tional Financial Integration of China and India.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4132.
Laplante, Benoit, Craig Meisner, and Hua Wang. 2005. “En-
vironment as Cultural Heritage: The Armenian Diaspora’s
Willingness-to-Pay to Protect Armenia’s Lake Sevan.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3520.
Larson, Donald F., and Gunnar Breustedt. 2007. “Will Markets
Direct Investments under the Kyoto Protocol?” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4131.
Lasagabaster, Esperanza, Samuel Munzele Maimbo, and Sriyani
Hulugalle. 2005. “Sri Lanka’s Migrant Labor Remittances:
Enhancing the Quality and Outreach of the Rural Remit-
tance Infrastructure.” Policy Research Working Paper 3789.
Laxminarayan, Ramanan, Mead Over, and David L. Smith. 2005.
“Will a Global Subsidy of Artemisinin-Based Combination
Treatment (ACT) for Malaria Delay the Emergence of Re-
sistance and Save Lives?” Policy Research Working Paper
3670.
Le Blanc, David. 2005. “Economic Evaluation of Housing Sub-
sidy Systems: A Methodology with Application to Morocco.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3529.
Lecocq, Franck, and Zmarak Shalizi. 2004. “Will the Kyoto Pro-
tocol Affect Growth in Russia?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3454.
Lederman, Daniel, Marcelo Olarreaga, and Lucy Payton.
2006. “Export Promotion Agencies: What Works and What
Doesn’t.” Policy Research Working Paper 4044.
Lederman, Daniel, and Caglar Ozden. 2005. “Geopolitical In-
terests and Preferential Access to U.S. Markets.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3531.
Lederman, Daniel, and Laura Saenz. 2005. “Innovation and De-
velopment around the World, 1960-2000.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3774.
Levine, Ross. 2004. “The Corporate Governance of Banks - A
Concise Discussion of Concepts and Evidence.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3404.
Levy-Yeyati, Eduardo, Maria Soledad Martinez Peria, and Ser-
gio L. Schmukler. 2004. “Market Discipline under Systemic
Risk - Evidence from Bank Runs in Emerging Economies.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3440.
Levy-Yeyati, Eduardo, Sergio L. Schmukler, and Neeltje Van Ho-
ren. 2006. “International Financial Integration through the
Law of One Price.” Policy Research Working Paper 3897.
Ley, Eduardo, and Mark F.J. Steel. 2006. “Jointness in Bayesian
Variable Selection with Applications to Growth Regression.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4063.
_____. 2007. “On the Effect of Prior Assumptions in Bayesian
Model Averaging with Applications to Growth Regression.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4238.
Lie, Tove Grete, Helga Malmin Binningsbo, and Scott Gates.
2007. “Post-Conflict Justice and Sustainable Peace.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4191.
Limao, Nuno, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2005. “Trade Preferences
to Small Developing Countries and the Welfare Costs of
Lost Multilateral Liberalization.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3565.
Limao, Nuno, and Kamal Saggi. 2006. “Tariff Retaliation Versus
Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International
Trade Agreements.” Policy Research Working Paper 3873.
Lindbeck, Assar. 2006. “An Essay on Economic Reforms
and Social Change in China.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4057.
Lindelöw, Magnus, Peter Serneels, and Teigist Lemma. 2005.
“The Performance of Health Workers in Ethiopia - Results
from Qualitative Research.” Policy Research Working Paper
3558.
Lindelöw, Magnus, and Adam Wagstaff. 2005. “Health Shocks in
China: Are the Poor and Uninsured Less Protected?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3740.
Loayza, Norman V., Ana Maria Oviedo, and Luis Serven. 2005.
“The Impact of Regulation on Growth and Informality - Cross-
Country Evidence.” Policy Research Working Paper 3623.
_____. 2005. “Regulation and Macroeconomic Performance.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3469.
Loayza, Norman V., and Claudio Raddatz. 2006. “The Composi-
tion of Growth Matters for Poverty Alleviation.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4077.
_____. 2006. “The Structural Determinants of External Vulner-
ability.” Policy Research Working Paper 4089.
Loayza, Norman, and Romain Ranciere. 2004. “Financial Devel-
opment, Financial Fragility, and Growth.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3431.
Loayza, Norman V., and Jamele Rigolini. 2006. “Informality
Trends and Cycles.” Policy Research Working Paper 4078.
Loayza, Norman V., and Raimundo Soto. 2004. “On the Mea-
surement of Market-Oriented Reforms.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3371.
250
Loening, Josef L. 2005. “Effects of Primary, Secondary, and Ter-
tiary Education on Economic Growth: Evidence from Gua-
temala.” Policy Research Working Paper 3610.
Lokshin, Michael, and Kathleen Beegle. 2006. “Forgone Earn-
ings from Smoking: Evidence for a Developing Country.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4018.
Lokshin, Michael, Mikhail Bontch-Osmolovski, and Elena Glin-
skaya. 2007. “Work-Related Migration and Poverty Reduc-
tion in Nepal.” Policy Research Working Paper 4231.
Lokshin, Michael M., and Ruslan G. Yemtsov. 2005. “Who Bears
the Cost of Russia’s Military Draft?” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3547.
Lopez, J. Humberto. 2004. “Pro-Growth, Pro-Poor: Is There a
Tradeoff?” Policy Research Working Paper 3378.
_____. 2006. “Did Growth Become Less Pro-Poor in the 1990s?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3931.
Lopez, Humberto, Luis Molina, and Maurizio Bussolo. 2007.
“Remittances and the Real Exchange Rate.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4213.
Lopez, Humberto, and Luis Serven. 2006. “A Normal Relation-
ship? Poverty, Growth, and Inequality.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3814.
Lopez, Ramon. 2005. “Why Governments Should Stop Non-
Social Subsidies: Measuring Their Consequences for Rural
Latin America.” Policy Research Working Paper 3609.
Lopez Murphy, Pablo, and Alberto R. Musalem. 2004. “Pension
Funds and National Saving.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3410.
Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys. 2004. “Teachers’ Salaries and Pro-
fessional Profile in Mexico.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3394.
_____. 2005. “Evaluation of National School for Professional
Technology Education in Mexico.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3572.
_____. 2006. “Mexico: Two Decades of the Evolution of Educa-
tion and Inequality.” Policy Research Working Paper 3919.
Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys, Monica Tinajero, and Marcela Rubio.
2005. “Mexico: Human Capital Effects on Wages and Pro-
ductivity.” Policy Research Working Paper 3791.
Lopez-de-Silanes, Florencio. 2004. “A Survey of Securities Laws
and Enforcement.” Policy Research Working Paper 3405.
Lopez-Garcia, Paloma. 2006. “Business Environment and Labor
Market Outcomes in Europe and Central Asian Countries.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3885.
Lotsch, Alexander. 2007. “Sensitivity of Cropping Patterns in
Africa to Transient Climate Change.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4289.
Love, Inessa. 2005. “Finances of Egyptian Listed Firms.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3639.
Love, Inessa, and Maria Soledad Martinez Peria. 2005. “Firm
Financing in India: Recent Trends and Factors.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3476.
Love, Inessa, Lorenzo A. Preve, and Virginia Sarria-Allende.
2005. “Trade Credit and Bank Credit: Evidence from Recent
Financial Crises.” Policy Research Working Paper 3716.
Maddison, David. 2007. “The Perception of and Adaptation
to Climate Change in Africa.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4308.
Mahul, Olivier, and Eugene Gurenko. 2006. “The Macro Fi-
nancing of Natural Hazards in Developing Countries.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 4075.
Majnoni, Giovanni, Margaret Miller, and Andrew Powell. 2004.
“Bank Capital and Loan Loss Reserves under Basel II - Im-
plications for Emerging Countries.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3437.
Maloney, William, Pravin Krishna, and Tom Krebs. 2007. “Hu-
man Capital, Trade Liberalization, and Income Risk.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4276.
Mamingi, Nlandu, Susmita Dasgupta, Benoit Laplante, and Jong
Ho Hong. 2006. “Firms’ Environmental Performance: Does
News Matter?” Policy Research Working Paper 3888.
Manchin, Miriam. 2005. “Preference Utilization and Tariff
Reduction in European Union Imports from African, Ca-
ribbean, and Pacific Countries.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3688.
Mani, Muthukumara, and Shreyasi Jha. 2006. “Trade Liberal-
ization and the Environment in Vietnam.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3879.
Manole, Vlad, Will Martin, and Joseph Francois. 2005. “Choos-
ing Formulas for Market Access Negotiation: Efficiency and
Market Access Considerations.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3474.
Mansuri, Ghazala. 2006. “Migration, School Attainment, and
Child Labor: Evidence from Rural Pakistan.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3945.
_____. 2006. “Migration, Sex Bias, and Child Growth in Rural
Pakistan.” Policy Research Working Paper 3946.
Marini, Alessandra, and Michele Gragnolati. 2006. “Nonlinear
Effects of Altitude on Child Growth in Peru: A Multilevel
Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper 3823.
Markandya, Anil, and Suzette Pedroso-Galinato. 2006. “How
Substitutable Is Natural Capital?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3803.
Marschinski, Robert, and Franck Lecocq. 2006. “Do Intensity
Targets Control Uncertainty Better Than Quotas? Condi-
tions, Calibrations, and Caveats.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4033.
Martin, Will. 2005. “Outgrowing Resource Dependence Theory
251
and Some Recent Developments.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3482.
Martin, Will, and James E. Anderson. 2005. “Costs of Taxation
and the Benefits of Public Goods: The Role of Income Ef-
fects.” Policy Research Working Paper 3700.
Martin, Will, Elena Ianchovichina, and Betina Dimaranan. 2007.
“China, India, and the Future of the World Economy: Fierce
Competition or Shared Growth?” Policy Research Working
Paper 4304.
Maskus, Keith E., Tsunehiro Otsuki, and John S. Wilson. 2005.
“The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms
in Developing Countries: An Econometric Study.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3590.
Mastruzzi, Massimo, Aart Kraay, and Daniel Kaufmann. 2007.
“Governance Matters VI: Aggregate and Individual Gover-
nance Indicators, 1996–2006.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4280.
Mattoo, Aaditya. 2005. “Services in a Development Round:
Three Goals and Three Proposals.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3718.
Mattoo, Aaditya, Ileana Cristina Neagu, and Çaglar Özden. 2005.
“Brain Waste? Educated Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Mar-
ket.” Policy Research Working Paper 3581.
Mattoo, Aaditya, and Randeep Rathindran. 2005. “Does Health
Insurance Impede Trade in Health Care Services?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3667.
McCluskey, Alyssa, and Kenneth Strzepek. 2007. “The Impacts
of Climate Change on Regional Water Resources and Agri-
culture in Africa.” Policy Research Working Paper 4290.
McCulloch, Neil, Julian Weisbrod, and C. Peter Timmer. 2007.
“Pathways out of Poverty during an Economic Crisis: An
Empirical Assessment of Rural Indonesia.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4173.
McKenzie, David J. 2005. “Paper Walls Are Easier to Tear Down:
Passport Costs and Legal Barriers to Emigration.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3783.
_____. 2006. “A Profile of the World’s Young Developing Coun-
try Migrants.” Policy Research Working Paper 4021.
McKenzie, David, John Gibson, and Steven Stillman. 2006.
“How Important Is Selection? Experimental Versus Non-
Experimental Measures of the Income Gains from Migra-
tion.” Policy Research Working Paper 3906.
_____. 2007. “A Land of Milk and Honey with Streets Paved
with Gold: Do Emigrants Have Over-Optimistic Expecta-
tions about Incomes Abroad?” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4141.
McKenzie, David, and Hillel Rapoport. 2006. “Can Migration
Reduce Educational Attainment? Evidence from Mexico.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3952.
_____. 2007. “Self-Selection Patterns in Mexico-U.S. Migration:
The Role of Migration Networks.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4118.
Medvedev, Denis. 2006. “Beyond Trade: The Impact of Pref-
erential Trade Agreements on Foreign Direct Investment
Inflows.” Policy Research Working Paper 4065.
_____. 2006. “Preferential Trade Agreements and Their Role in
World Trade.” Policy Research Working Paper 4038.
Meisner, Craig, Hua Wang, and Benoit Laplante. 2006. “Welfare
Measurement Bias in Household and On-site Surveying of
Water-Based Recreation: An Application to Lake Sevan, Ar-
menia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3932.
Melecky, Martin. 2007. “Choosing the Currency Structure for
Sovereign Debt: A Review of Current Approaches.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4246.
_____. 2007. “A Cross-Country Analysis of Public Debt Manage-
ment Strategies.” Policy Research Working Paper 4287.
Mendelsohn, Robert, and Pradeep Kurukulasuriya. 2007. “Crop
Selection: Adapting to Climage Change in Africa.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4307.
_____. 2007. “Endogenous Irrigation: The Impact of Climate
Change on Farmers in Africa.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4278.
_____. 2007. “A Ricardian Analysis of the Impact of Climate
Change on African Cropland.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4305.
Mendelsohn, Robert, and Niggol Seo. 2007. “Changing Farm
Types and Irrigation as an Adaptation to Climate Change
in Latin American Agriculture.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4161.
_____. 2007. “Climate Change Adaptation in Africa: A Micro-
economic Analysis of Livestock Choice.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4277.
_____. 2007. “Climate Change Impacts on Animal Husbandry
in Africa: A Ricardian Analysis.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4261.
_____. 2007. “The Impact of Climate Change on Livestock
Management in Africa: A Structural Ricardian Analysis.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4279.
Mengistae, Taye, David R. Dollar, and Mary C. Hallward-Drie-
meier. 2005. “Investment Climate and International Integra-
tion.” Policy Research Working Paper 3323.
Micco, Alejandro, and Tomas Serebrisky. 2004. “Infrastructure,
Competition Regimes, and Air Transport Costs: Cross-Coun-
try Evidence.” Policy Research Working Paper 3355.
Milanovic, Branko. 2005. “Half a World: Regional Inequality in Five
Great Federations.” Policy Research Working Paper 3699.
_____. 2006. “Global Income Inequality: What It Is and Why It
Matters.” Policy Research Working Paper 3865.
252
Milanovic, Branko, and Lyn Squire. 2005. “Does Tariff Liber-
alization Increase Wage Inequality? Some Empirical Evi-
dence.” Policy Research Working Paper 3571.
Milante, Gary. 2007. “A Kleptocrat’s Survival Guide: Autocratic
Longevity in the Face of Civil Conflict.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4186.
Mills, Rob, and Qimiao Fan. 2006. “The Investment Climate
in Post-Conflict Situations.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4055.
Ming, Su, and Quanhou Zhao. 2006. “The Fiscal Framework and
Urban Infrastructure Finance in China.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4051.
Mintz, Jack M., and Michael Smart. 2006. “Incentives for Public
Investment under Fiscal Rules.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3860.
Mirza, Daniel, and Thierry Verdier. 2006. “Are Lives a Substi-
tute for Livelihoods? Terrorism, Security, and U.S. Bilateral
Imports.” Policy Research Working Paper 4094.
_____. 2006. “International Trade, Security, and Transnational
Terrorism: Theory and Empirics.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4093.
Mitchell, Donald. 2006. “Sugar in the Caribbean: Adjusting to
Eroding Preferences.” Policy Research Working Paper 3802.
Mitra, Devashish, and Beyza P. Ural. 2007. “Indian Manufactur-
ing: A Slow Sector in a Rapidly Growing Economy.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4233.
Mitra, Pradeep, and Ruslan Yemtsov. 2006. “Increasing Inequali-
ty in Transition Economies: Is There More to Come?” Policy
Research Working Paper 4007.
Monge-Gonzalez, Ricardo, and Francisco Monge-Arino. 2005.
“Anti-Dumping Policies and Safeguard Measures in the
Context of Costa Rica’s Economic Liberalization.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3591.
Montalvo, Jose G., and Marta Reynal-Querol. 2007. “Ethnic Po-
larization and the Duration of Civil Wars.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4192.
Montiel, Peter, and Luis Servén. 2004. “Macroeconomic Stabili-
ty in Developing Countries - How Much Is Enough?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3456.
Morck, Randall, and Bernard Yeung. 2004. “Special Issues Relat-
ing to Corporate Governance and Family Control.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3406.
Morrison, Andrew, Mary Ellsberg, and Sarah Bott. 2004. “Ad-
dressing Gender-Based Violence in the Latin American and
Caribbean Region: A Critical Review of Interventions.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 3438.
Munoz, Giovanni, Florent Maraux, and Robina Wahaj. 2007.
“Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries: A Synthesis at
the Regional Level.” Policy Research Working Paper 4288.
Murgai, Rinku, and Martin Ravallion. 2005. “Is a Guaranteed
Living Wage a Good Anti-Poverty Policy?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3640.
Mushfiq Mobarak, Ahmed, Andrew Sunil Rajkumar, and Mau-
reen Cropper. 2005. “The Political Economy of Health Ser-
vices Provision and Access in Brazil.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3508.
Nabeshima, Kaoru, and Shahid Yusuf. 2007. “Strengthening
China’s Technological Capability.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4309.
Nair, Ajai. 2005. “Sustainability of Microfinance Self-Help
Groups in India: Would Federating Help?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3516.
Nakane, Marcio I., and Daniela B. Weintraub. 2005. “Bank
Privatization and Productivity: Evidence for Brazil.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3666.
Nauges, Celine, and Caroline van den Berg. 2006. “Water Mar-
kets, Demand, and Cost Recovery for Piped Water Supply
Services: Evidence from Southwest Sri Lanka.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3941.
_____. 2007. “How “Natural” Are Natural Monopolies in the
Water Supply and Sewerage Sector? Case Studies from De-
veloping and Transition Economies.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4137.
Nelson, Andrew, and Kenneth M. Chomitz. 2004. “The Forest-
Hydrology-Poverty Nexus in Central America: An Heuristic
Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper 3430.
Nenova, Tatiana. 2006. “Takeover Laws and Financial Develop-
ment.” Policy Research Working Paper 4029.
Newfarmer, Richard, and Paul Brenton. 2007. “Watching More
Than the Discovery Channel: Export Cycles and Diver-
sification in Development.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4302.
Newhouse, David, and Kathleen Beegle. 2005. “The Effect of
School Type on Academic Achievement: Evidence from In-
donesia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3604.
Nhemachena, Charles, and Reneth Mano. 2007. “Assessment of
the Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture in
Zimbabwe: A Ricardian Approach.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4292.
Nicita, Alessandro. 2005. “Multilateral Trade Liberalization and
Mexican Households: The Effect of the Doha Development
Agenda.” Policy Research Working Paper 3707.
_____. 2006. “Export Led Growth, Pro-Poor or Not? Evidence
from Madagascar’s Textile and Apparel Industry.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3841.
Nielsen, Chantal Pohl. 2007. “Immigrant Over-education:
Evidence from Denmark.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4234.
253
Niimi, Yoko, and Caglar Ozden. 2006. “Migration and Remit-
tances: Causes and Linkages.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4087.
Nogues, Julio J., and Elias Baracat. 2005. “Political Economy of
Antidumping and Safeguards in Argentina.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3587.
Noumba Um, Paul, and Severine Dinghem. 2005. “Private Par-
ticipation in Infrastructure Projects in the Republic of Ko-
rea.” Policy Research Working Paper 3689.
Ostby, Gudrun. 2007. “Horizontal Inequalities, Political Environ-
ment, and Civil Conflict: Evidence from 55 Developing Coun-
tries, 1986-2003.” Policy Research Working Paper 4193.
Ouda, Samiha A., Samia M. El-Marsafawy, and Helmy M. Eid.
2007. “Assessing the Economic Impacts of Climate Change
on Agriculture in Egypt: A Ricardian Approach.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4293.
Oyefusi, Aderoju. 2007. “Oil and the Propensity to Armed Strug-
gle in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4194.
Paci, Pierella, Martin J. Sasin, and Jos Verbeek. 2004. “Economic
Growth, Income Distribution, and Poverty in Poland during
Transition.” Policy Research Working Paper 3467.
Pack, Howard, and Kamal Saggi. 2006. “The Case for Indus-
trial Policy: A Critical Survey.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3839.
Packard, Truman G. 2007. “Do Workers in Chile Choose Infor-
mal Employment? A Dynamic Analysis of Sector Choice.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4232.
Palmade, Vincent. 2005. “Industry Level Analysis: The Way to
Identify the Binding Constraints to Economic Growth.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 3551.
Pang, Gaobo, Brian Pinto, and Marina Wes. 2007. “India Ris-
ing - Faster Growth, Lower Indebtedness.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4241.
Parrachino, Irene, Ariel Dinar, and Fioravante Patrone. 2006.
“Cooperative Game Theory and Its Application to Natural,
Environmental, and Water Resource Issues: 3. Application to
Water Resources.” Policy Research Working Paper 4074.
Parrachino, Irene, Stefano Zara, and Fioravante Patrone. 2006.
“Cooperative Game Theory and Its Application to Natural,
Environmental, and Water Resource Issues: 1. Basic Theo-
ry.” Policy Research Working Paper 4072.
Parsons, Christopher R., Ronald Skeldon, Terrie L. Walmsley,
and L. Alan Winters. 2007. “Quantifying International Mi-
gration: A Database of Bilateral Migrant Stocks.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4165.
Paternostro, Stefano, Anand Rajaram, and Erwin R. Tiongson.
2005. “How Does the Composition of Public Spending Mat-
ter?” Policy Research Working Paper 3555.
Patrinos, Harry Anthony. 2007. “The Living Conditions of Chil-
dren.” Policy Research Working Paper 4251.
Patrinos, Harry Anthony, Vicente Garcia Moreno, and Jesus Al-
varez. 2007. “Institutional Effects as Determinants of Learn-
ing Outcomes: Exploring State Variations in Mexico.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4286.
Patrinos, Harry Anthony, Cris Ridao-Cano, and Chris Sakellar-
iou. 2006. “Estimating the Returns to Education: Account-
ing for Heterogeneity in Ability.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4040.
Patrinos, Harry Anthony, and Chris Sakellariou. 2004. “Eco-
nomic Volatility and Returns to Education in Venezuela:
1992-2002.” Policy Research Working Paper 3459.
_____. 2004. “Schooling and Labor Market Impacts of a Natural
Policy Experiment.” Policy Research Working Paper 3460.
Patrinos, Harry Anthony, Emmanuel Skoufias, and Trine Lunde.
2007. “Indigenous Peoples in Latin America: Economic Op-
portunities and Social Networks.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4227.
Pattanayak, Subhrendu K., Caroline van den Berg, Jui-Chen
Yang, and George Van Houtven. 2006. “The Use of Willing-
ness to Pay Experiments: Estimating Demand for Piped
Water Connections in Sri Lanka.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3818.
Paxson, Christina, and Norbert Schady. 2005. “Cognitive De-
velopment among Young Children in Ecuador: The Roles
of Wealth, Health and Parenting.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3605.
_____. 2007. “Does Money Matter? The Effects of Cash Trans-
fers on Child Health and Development in Rural Ecuador.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4226.
Pelizzo, Riuccardo, and Rick Stapenhurst. 2004. “Tools for Leg-
islative Oversight: An Empirical Investigation.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3388.
Pelkmans-Balaoing, Annette O., and Miriam Manchin. 2007.
“Rules of Origin and the Web of East Asian Free Trade
Agreements.” Policy Research Working Paper 4273.
Perotti, Enrico. 2004. “State Ownership - A Residual Role?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3407.
Peterson, George E. 2006. “Land Leasing and Land Sale as an
Infrastructure-Financing Option.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4043.
Pierre, Gaelle, and Stefano Scarpetta. 2004. “Employment Reg-
ulations through the Eyes of Employers - Do They Matter
and How Do Firms Respond to Them?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3463.
Pitigala, Nihal. 2005. “What Does Regional Trade in South Asia
Reveal about Future Trade Integration? Some Empirical
Evidence.” Policy Research Working Paper 3497.
254
Poh Kam Wong, Yuen Ping Ho, and Annette Singh. 2005. “Sin-
gapore as an Innovative City in East Asia: An Explorative
Study of the Perspectives of Innovative Industries.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3568.
Porto, Guido G. 2004. “Informal Export Barriers and Poverty.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3354.
_____. 2005. “Estimating Household Responses to Trade Re-
forms: Net Consumers and Net Producers in Rural Mexico.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3695.
Powell, Andrew. 2004. “Basel II and Developing Countries: Sail-
ing through the Sea of Standards.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3387.
Powell, Andrew, Nataliya Mylenko, Margaret Miller, and Giovan-
ni Majnoni. 2004. “Improving Credit Information, Bank Reg-
ulation, and Supervision: On the Role and Design of Public
Credit Registries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3443.
Pushak, Taras, Erwin R. Tiongson, and Aristomene Varoudakis.
2007. “Public Finance, Governance, and Growth in Transi-
tion Economies: Empirical Evidence from 1992–2004.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 4255.
Raballand, Gael, and Enrique Aldaz-Carroll. 2005. “How Do
Differing Standards Increase Trade Costs? The Case of Pal-
lets.” Policy Research Working Paper 3519.
Raddatz, Claudio. 2005. “Are External Shocks Responsible for
the Instability of Output in Low-Income Countries?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3680.
Rahardja, Sjamsu. 2007. “Big Dragon, Little Dragons: China’s
Challenge to the Machinery Exports of Southeast Asia.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4297.
Raich, Uri. 2005. “Fiscal Determinants of Empowerment.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3705.
Raleigh, Clionadh. 2007. “Civil War Risk in Democratic and
Non-Democratic Neighborhoods.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4260.
Rao, Vijayendra. 2005. “Symbolic Public Goods and the Coordi-
nation of Collective Action: A Comparison of Local Devel-
opment in India and Indonesia.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3685.
Rao, Vijayendra, and Ana Maria Ibañez. 2005. “The Social Im-
pact of Social Funds in Jamaica: A ‘Participatory Economet-
ric’ Analysis of Targeting, Collective Action, and Participa-
tion in Community-Driven Development.” Policy Research
Working Paper 2970. The World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Ratha, Dilip, Prabal De, and Sanket Mohapatra. 2007. “Shadow
Sovereign Ratings for Unrated Developing Countries.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 4269.
Ratha, Dilip, and Suhas L. Ketkar. 2004. “Development Finance
via Diaspora Bonds Track Record and Potential.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4311.
Ravallion, Martin. 2004. “Looking beyond Averages in the Trade
and Poverty Debate.” Policy Research Working Paper 3461.
_____. 2005. “Evaluating Anti-Poverty Programs.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3625.
_____. 2005. “Inequality Is Bad for the Poor.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3677.
_____. 2005. “On the Contribution of Demographic Change to
Aggregate Poverty Measures for the Developing World.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3580.
_____. 2005. “A Poverty-Inequality Trade-off?” Policy Research
Working Paper 3579.
_____. 2007. “Geographic Inequity in a Decentralized Anti-
Poverty Program: A Case Study of China.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4303.
Ravallion, Martin, and Shaohua Chen. 2004. “China’s (Uneven)
Progress against Poverty.” Policy Research Working Paper
3408.
Ravallion, Martin, Shaohua Chen, and Prem Sangraula. 2007.
“New Evidence on the Urbanization of Global Poverty.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4199.
Ravallion, Martin, and Michael Lokshin. 2004. “Gainers and
Losers from Trade Reform in Morocco.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3368.
_____. 2005. “Lasting Local Impacts of an Economywide Cri-
sis.” Policy Research Working Paper 3503.
_____. 2005. “Searching for the Economic Gradient in Self-As-
sessed Health.” Policy Research Working Paper 3698.
_____. 2005. “Who Cares about Relative Deprivation?” Policy
Research Working Paper 3782.
Ravallion, Martin, Johan Mistiaen, and Anton Korinek. 2005. “An
Econometric Method of Correcting for Unit Nonresponse
Bias in Surveys.” Policy Research Working Paper 3711.
Ravallion, Martin, and Dominique van de Walle. 2006. “Does
Rising Landlessness Signal Success or Failure for Vietnam’s
Agrarian Transition?” Policy Research Working Paper 3871.
Reina, Mauricio, and Sandra Zuluaga. 2005. “Application of
Safeguards and Anti-Dumping Duties in Colombia.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3608.
Reinikka, Ritva S., and Jakob Svensson. 2005. “Working for
God? Evaluating Service Delivery of Religious Not-for-
Profit Health Care Providers in Uganda.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3058.
Richter, Kaspar. 2005. “Well-Being during a Time of Change:
Timor-Leste on the Path to Independence.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3488.
_____. 2006. “Thailand’s Growth Path: from Recovery to Pros-
perity.” Policy Research Working Paper 3912.
Robalino, David A., and Andras Bodor. 2006. “On the Financial
Sustainability of Earnings-Related Pension Schemes with
255
‘Pay-as-You-Go’ Financing and the Role of Government In-
dexed Bonds.” Policy Research Working Paper 3966.
Robilliard, Anne-Sophie, and Sherman Robinson. 2005. “The
Social Impact of a WTO Agreement in Indonesia.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3747.
Rocha, Roberto, Marco Morales, and Craig Thorburn. 2006. “An
Empirical Analysis of the Annuity Rate in Chile.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3929.
Rodriguez-Clare, Andres, and William Maloney. 2007. “Innova-
tion Shortfalls.” Policy Research Working Paper 4283.
Roe, Terry, Ariel Dinar, Yacov Tsur, and Diao Xinshen. 2005.
“Feedback Links between Economy-wide and Farm-level
Policies: Application to Irrigation Water Management in Mo-
rocco.” Policy Research Working Paper 3550.
Rojas, Gabriel V. Montes, William Maloney, and Kishore
Gawande. 2007. “Can Foreign Lobbying Enhance Develop-
ment? The Case of Tourism in the Caribbean.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4275.
Ronchi, Loraine. 2006. “Fairtrade and Market Failures in Ag-
ricultural Commodity Markets.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4011.
Rosero, Jose, and Norbert Schady. 2007. “Are Cash Transfers
Made to Women Spent Like Other Sources of Income?”
Policy Research Working Paper 4282.
Roy, Jayanta, and Shweta Bagai. 2005. “Key Issues in Trade Fa-
cilitation: Summary of World Bank/European Union Work-
shops in Dhaka and Shanghai in 2004.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3703.
Rutherford, Thomas, and David Tarr. 2006. “Regional Impacts
of Russia’s Accession to the World Trade Organization.” Pol-
icy Research Working Paper 4015.
Rutherford, Thomas, David Tarr, and Oleksandr Shepotylo. 2005.
“The Impact on Russia of WTO Accession and the Doha
Agenda: The Importance of Liberalization of Barriers against
Foreign Direct Investment in Services for Growth and Pov-
erty Reduction.” Policy Research Working Paper 3725.
_____. 2005. “Poverty Effects of Russia’s WTO Accession: Mod-
eling ‘Real’ Households and Endogenous Productivity Ef-
fects.” Policy Research Working Paper 3473.
Rutkowski, Jan. 2006. “Labor Market Developments during Eco-
nomic Transition.” Policy Research Working Paper 3894.
Saez, Sebastian. 2005. “Keeping Animal Spirits Asleep: The
Case of Chile.” Policy Research Working Paper 3615.
Sakho, Yaye Seynabou. 2006. “Contagion and Firms’ Interna-
tionalization in Latin America: Evidence from Mexico, Bra-
zil, and Chile.” Policy Research Working Paper 4076.
Salinas, Gonzalo, and Ataman Aksoy. 2006. “Growth before
and after Trade Liberalization.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4062.
Sambanis, Nicholas. 2007. “Short-Term and Long-Term Ef-
fects of United Nations Peace Operations.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4207.
Saphores, Jean-Daniel, Jeffrey R. Vincent, Valy Marochko, Ioan
Abrudan, Laura Bouriaud, and Clifford Zinnes. 2006. “De-
tecting Collusion in Timber Auctions: An Application to Ro-
mania.” Policy Research Working Paper 4105.
Sasin, Marcin J., and David McKenzie. 2007. “Migration, Remit-
tances, Poverty, and Human Capital: Conceptual and Em-
pirical Challenges.” Policy Research Working Paper 4272.
Savanti, Maria Paula, and Harry Anthony Patrinos. 2005. “Rising
Returns to Schooling in Argentina, 1992-2002: Productivity
or Credentialism?” Policy Research Working Paper 3714.
Schady, Norbert. 2006. “Early Childhood Development in Latin
America and the Caribbean.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3869.
Schady, Norbert, and Maria Caridad Araujo. 2006. “Cash Trans-
fers, Conditions, School Enrollment, and Child Work: Evi-
dence from a Randomized Experiment in Ecuador.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3930.
Schiantarelli, Fabio. 2005. “Product Market Regulation and
Macroeconomic Performance: A Review of Cross-Country
Evidence.” Policy Research Working Paper 3770.
Schiff, Maurice. 2004. “On the Inefficiency of Inequality.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3360.
_____. 2005. “Brain Gain: Claims about Its Size and Impact on
Welfare and Growth Are Greatly Exaggerated.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3708.
_____. 2006. “Substitution in Markusen’s Classic Trade and Fac-
tor Movement Complementarity Models.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3974.
Schiff, Maurice, and Yanling Wang. 2004. “North-South Tech-
nology Diffusion, Regional Integration, and the Dynamics of
the Natural Trading Partners Hypothesis.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3434.
Schipper, Youdi, and Johannes G. Hoogeveen. 2005. “Which
Inequality Matters? Growth Evidence Based on Small Area
Welfare Estimates in Uganda.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3592.
Seo, Niggol, and Robert Mendelsohn. 2007. “An Analysis of
Crop Choice: Adapting to Climate Change in Latin Ameri-
can Farms.” Policy Research Working Paper 4162.
_____. 2007. “An Analysis of Livestock Choice: Adapting to Cli-
mate Change in Latin American Farms.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4164.
_____. 2007. “A Ricardian Analysis of the Impact of Climate
Change on Latin American Farms.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 4163.
Serneels, Pieter, Magnus Lindelow, Jose Garcia-Montalvo, and
256
Abigail Barr. 2005. “For Public Service or Money: Under-
standing Geographical Imbalances in the Health Workforce.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3686.
Seshan, Ganesh. 2005. “The Impact of Trade Liberalization on
Household Welfare in Vietnam.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3541.
Shah, Anwar. 2005. “Fiscal Decentralization and Fiscal Perfor-
mance.” Policy Research Working Paper 3786.
_____. 2005. “A Framework for Evaluating Alternate Institution-
al Arrangements for Fiscal Equalization Transfers.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3785.
_____. 2006. “Corruption and Decentralized Public Gover-
nance.” Policy Research Working Paper 3824.
_____. 2006. “A Practitioner’s Guide to Intergovernmental Fis-
cal Transfers.” Policy Research Working Paper 4039.
Shah, Anwar, and Chunli Shen. 2006. “Reform of the Inter-
governmental Transfer System in China.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4100.
Shalizi, Zmarak. 2006. “Addressing China’s Growing Water
Shortages and Associated Social and Environmental Conse-
quences.” Policy Research Working Paper 3895.
_____. 2007. “Energy and Emissions: Local and Global Effects
of the Rise of China and India.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4209.
Shalizi, Zmarak, and Franck Lecocq. 2007. “Balancing Expen-
ditures on Mitigation of and Adaptation to Climate Change:
An Exploration of Issues Relevant to Developing Coun-
tries.” Policy Research Working Paper 4299.
Shankar, Rashmi. 2005. “Insurance and Liquidity: Panel Evi-
dence.” Policy Research Working Paper 3648.
Sharma, Siddharth , and Mehnaz Safavian. 2007. “When Do
Creditor Rights Work?” Policy Research Working Paper
4296.
Shepherd, Ben, and John S. Wilson. 2006. “Road Infrastructure
in Europe and Central Asia: Does Network Quality Affect
Trade?” Policy Research Working Paper 4104.
Shepotylo, Oleksandr, and David Tarr. 2007. “The Structure of
Import Tariffs in the Russian Federation: 2001-05.” Policy
Research Working Paper 4265.
Shi, Anqing. 2006. “Migration in Towns in China, a Tale of
Three Provinces: Evidence from Preliminary Tabulations of
the 2000 Census.” Policy Research Working Paper 3890.
Siegel, Paul B. 2005. “Using an Asset-Based Approach to Identi-
fy Drivers of Sustainable Rural Growth and Poverty Reduc-
tion in Central America: A Conceptual Framework.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3475.
Silva, Patricia. 2005. “Environmental Factors and Children’s
Malnutrition in Ethiopia.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3489.
_____. 2006. “Exploring the Linkages between Poverty, Ma-
rine Protected Area Management, and the Use of Destruc-
tive Fishing Gear in Tanzania.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3831.
Silva, Patricia, Irina Klytchnikova, and Dragana Radevic.
2007. “Poverty and Environmental Impacts of Electricity
Price Reforms in Montenegro.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4127.
Silva, Peri. 2005. “The Role of Importers and Exporters in the
Determination of the U.S. Tariff Preferences Granted to
Latin America.” Policy Research Working Paper 3518.
Sirtaine, Sophie. 2006. “Access to Finance by Chilean Corpora-
tions.” Policy Research Working Paper 3845.
Skamnelos, Ilias, and Sophie Sirtaine. 2007. “Credit Growth in
Emerging Europe: A Cause for Stability Concerns?” Policy
Research Working Paper 4281.
Skoufias, Emmanuel, and Vincenzo di Maro. 2006. “Conditional
Cash Transfers, Adult Work Incentives, and Poverty.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3973.
Skoufias, Emmanuel, and Joseph Shapiro. 2006. “Evaluating the
Impact of Mexico’s Quality Schools Program: The Pitfalls
of Using Nonexperimental Data.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4036.
Sohnesen, Thomas Pave, and Andreas Blom. 2005. “Is Formal
Lifelong Learning a Profitable Investment for All of Life?
How Age, Education Level, and Flexibility of Provision Af-
fect Rates of Return to Adult Education in Colombia.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 3800.
Solo, Tova Maria, and Astrid Manroth. 2006. “Access to Financial
Services in Colombia: The ‘Unbanked’ in Bogota.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3834.
Soloaga, Isidro, John S. Wilson, and Alejandro Mejia. 2006. “Mov-
ing Forward Faster: Trade Facilitation Reform and Mexican
Competitiveness.” Policy Research Working Paper 3953.
Sorge, Marco, and Chendi Zhang. 2007. “Credit Information
Quality and Corporate Debt Maturity: Theory and Evi-
dence.” Policy Research Working Paper 4239.
Stapenhurst, Rick, Vinod Sahgal, William Woodley, and Riccardo
Pelizzo. 2005. “Scrutinizing Public Expenditures: Assessing
the Performance of Public Accounts Committees.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3613.
Stephanou, Constantinos. 2005. “Supervision of Financial Con-
glomerates: The Case of Chile.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3553.
Stephanou, Constantinos, and Juan Carlos Mendoza. 2005.
“Credit Risk Measurement under Basel II: An Overview and
Implementation Issues for Developing Countries.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3556.
Stephanou, Constantinos, and Emanuel Salinas Munoz. 2007.
257
“Financing of the Private Sector in Mexico, 2000-05: Evo-
lution, Composition, and Determinants.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4264.
Stern, Jon, and John Cubbin. 2005. “Regulatory Effectiveness:
The Impact of Regulation and Regulatory Governance Ar-
rangements on Electricity Industry Outcomes.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3536.
Stifel, David, and Luc Christiaensen. 2006. “Tracking Poverty
over Time in the Absence of Comparable Consumption
Data.” Policy Research Working Paper 3810.
Stillman, Steven, David McKenzie, and John Gibson. 2007. “Mi-
gration and Mental Health: Evidence from a Natural Experi-
ment.” Policy Research Working Paper 4138.
Subramanian, Uma, William P. Anderson, and Kihoon Lee. 2005.
“Measuring the Impact of the Investment Climate on Total
Factor Productivity: The Cases of China and Brazil.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3792.
Subramanian, Uma, and Matthias Matthijs. 2007. “Can Sub-Sa-
haran Africa Leap into Global Network Trade?” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4112.
Suescun, Rodrigo. 2005. “Fiscal Space for Investment in Infra-
structure in Colombia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3629.
_____. 2007. “The Size and Effectiveness of Automatic Fiscal
Stabilizers in Latin America.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 4244.
Swift, Zhicheng Li. 2006. “Managing the Effects of Tax Expen-
ditures on National Budgets.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3927.
Takeuchi, Akie, Maureen Cropper, and Antonio Bento. 2006.
“The Impact of Policies to Control Motor Vehicle Emissions
in Mumbai, India.” Policy Research Working Paper 4059.
_____. 2006. “The Welfare Effects of Slum Improvement Pro-
grams: The Case of Mumbai.” Policy Research Working Pa-
per 3852.
Taliercio, Robert Jr. 2004. “Designing Performance: The Semi-
Autonomous Revenue Authority Model in Africa and Latin
America.” Policy Research Working Paper 3423.
Tan, Hong, and Gladys Lopez Acevedo. 2005. “Evaluating Train-
ing Programs for Small and Medium Enterprises: Lessons
from Mexico.” Policy Research Working Paper 3760.
Tan, Hong, Yevgeniya Savchenko, Vladimir Gimpelson, Ros-
tislav Kapelyushnikov, and Anna Lukyanova. 2007. “Skills
Shortages and Training in Russian Enterprises.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4222.
Tarr, David, and Giorgio Barba Navaretti. 2005. “Introduction
and Summary to the Handbook of Trade Policy and WTO
Accession for Development in Russia and the CIS.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3726.
Taylor, J. Edward, and Jorge Mora. 2006. “Does Migration Re-
shape Expenditures in Rural Households? Evidence from
Mexico.” Policy Research Working Paper 3842.
Thorburn, Craig, Roberto Rocha, and Marco Morales. 2006. “An
Analysis of Money’s Worth Ratios in Chile.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3926.
Thorn, Kristian, Lauritz Holm-Nielsen, and Jette Samuel
Jeppesen. 2004. “Approaches to Results-Based Funding in
Tertiary Education: Identifying Finance Reform Options for
Chile.” Policy Research Working Paper 3436.
Thorn, Kristian, and Maarja Soo. 2006. “Latin American Univer-
sities and the Third Mission: Trends, Challenges, and Policy
Options.” Policy Research Working Paper 4002.
Tran, Ngoc Ca. 2006. “Universities as Drivers of the Urban
Economies in Asia: The Case of Vietnam.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3949.
van de Walle, Dominique. 2005. “Do Services and Transfers
Reach Morocco’s Poor? Evidence from Poverty and Spend-
ing Maps.” Policy Research Working Paper 3478.
van de Walle, Dominique, and Dorothyjean Cratty. 2005. “Do
Donors Get What They Paid For? Micro Evidence on the
Fungibility of Development Project Aid.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3542.
van de Walle, Dominique, and Ren Mu. 2007. “Fungibility and
the Flypaper Effect of Project Aid: Micro-Evidence for Viet-
nam.” Policy Research Working Paper 4133.
Van Horen, Neeltje. 2007. “Customer Market Power and the
Provision of Trade Credit: Evidence from Eastern Europe
and Central Asia.” Policy Research Working Paper 4284.
van Ours, Jan C., and Milan Vodopivec. 2006. “Duration of Un-
employment Benefits and Quality of Post-Unemployment
Jobs: Evidence from a Natural Experiment.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4031.
van Ryneveld, Philip. 2006. “Mobilizing Urban Infrastructure
Finance within a Responsible Fiscal Framework: South Afri-
can Case.” Policy Research Working Paper 4042.
Verme, Paolo. 2006. “Constraints to Growth and Job Creation in
Low-Income Commonwealth of Independent States Coun-
tries.” Policy Research Working Paper 3893.
Vermeersch, Christel, and Michael Kremer. 2005. “School
Meals, Educational Achievement, and School Competition:
Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3523.
Verner, Dorte. 2004. “Poverty in the Brazilian Amazon: An As-
sessment of Poverty Focused on the State of Para.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3357.
_____. 2005. “Activities, Employment, and Wages in Rural and
Semi-Urban Mexico.” Policy Research Working Paper 3561.
_____. 2005. “Poverty in Rural and Semi-Urban Mexico during
1992–2002.” Policy Research Working Paper 3576.
258
_____. 2006. “Labor Markets and Income Generation in Rural
Argentina.” Policy Research Working Paper 4095.
_____. 2006. “Rural Poor in Rich Rural Areas: Poverty in Rural
Argentina.” Policy Research Working Paper 4096.
Verner, Dorte, and Mette Verner. 2005. “Economic Impacts of
Professional Training in the Informal Sector: The Case of
the Labor Force Training Program in Côte d’Ivoire.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3668.
Vincelette, Gallina Andronova, and Iglika Vassileva. 2006. “Un-
tangling the Maze of European Union Funds to Bulgaria.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3962.
Wagstaff, Adam. 2005. “Decomposing Changes in Income In-
equality into Vertical and Horizontal Redistribution and
Reranking, with Applications to China and Vietnam.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3559.
_____. 2005. “The Economic Consequences of Health Shocks.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3644.
_____. 2005. “Health Systems in East Asia: What Can Devel-
oping Countries Learn from Japan and the Asian Tigers?”
Policy Research Working Paper 3790.
_____. 2007. “Health Insurance for the Poor: Initial Impacts of
Vietnam’s Health Care Fund for the Poor.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4134.
_____. 2007. “Social Health Insurance Reexamined.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 4111.
Wagstaff, Adam, and Magnus Lindelow. 2005. “Can Insurance
Increase Financial Risk? The Curious Case of Health Insur-
ance in China.” Policy Research Working Paper 3741.
Wagstaff, Adam, Magnus Lindelow, Jun Gao, Ling Xu, and Juncheng
Qian. 2007. “Extending Health Insurance to The Rural Popula-
tion: An Impact Evaluation of China’s New Cooperative Medi-
cal Scheme.” Policy Research Working Paper 4150.
Wagstaff, Adam, and Menno Pradhan. 2005. “Health Insurance
Impacts on Health and Non-Medical Consumption in a De-
veloping Country.” Policy Research Working Paper 3563.
Wagstaff, Adam, and Shengchao Yu. 2005. “Do Health Sector
Reforms Have Their Intended Impacts? The World Bank’s
Health VIII Project in Gansu Province, China.” Policy Re-
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Walker, Eduardo. 2006. “Annuity Markets in Chile: Competi-
tion, Regulation - and Myopia?” Policy Research Working
Paper 3972.
Wang, Hua, Benoit Laplante, Wu Xun, and Craig Meisner. 2004.
“Estimating Willingness-to-Pay with Random Valuation
Models: An Application to Lake Sevan, Armenia.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3367.
Wang, Jici, and Tong Xin. 2005. “Sustaining Urban Growth
through Innovative Capacity: Beijing and Shanghai in Com-
parison.” Policy Research Working Paper 3545.
Warlters, Michael, and Emmanuelle Auriol. 2005. “The Margin-
al Cost of Public Funds in Africa.” Policy Research Working
Paper 3679.
Watkins, Alfred, and Natalia Agapitova. 2004. “Creating a 21st
Century National Innovation System for a 21st Century Lat-
vian Economy.” Policy Research Working Paper 3457.
Webb, Richard, Josefina Camminati, and Raul Leon Thorne.
2005. “Antidumping Mechanisms and Safeguards in Peru.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3658.
Weiping, Wu. 2005. “Dynamic Cities and Creative Clusters.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3509.
Wellenius, Bjorn, Vivien Foster, and Christina Malmberg-Calvo.
2004. “Private Provision of Rural Infrastructure Services: Com-
peting for Subsidies.” Policy Research Working Paper 3365.
Wellenius, Bjorn, Juan Galarza, and Boutheina Guermazi. 2005.
“Telecommunications and the World Trade Organization:
The Case of Mexico.” Policy Research Working Paper 3759.
Wellenius, Bjorn, and Isabel Neto. 2005. “The Radio Spectrum:
Opportunities and Challenges for the Developing World.”
Policy Research Working Paper 3742.
Wheeler, David, Thao Ton-That, Craig Meisner, Uwe Deich-
mann, and Piet Buys. 2007. “Country Stakes in Climate
Change Negotiations: Two Dimensions of Vulnerability.”
Policy Research Working Paper 4300.
Wilson, John S., Xubei Luo, and Harry G. Broadman. 2006. “En-
tering The Union: European Accession and Capacity-Build-
ing Priorities.” Policy Research Working Paper 3832.
Woessmann, Ludger, and Thomas Fuchs. 2005. “Families,
Schools, and Primary-School Learning: Evidence for Argen-
tina and Colombia in an International Perspective.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3537.
Wolak, Frank A. 2005. “Lessons from International Experience
with Electricity Market Monitoring.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3692.
_____. 2005. “Managing Unilateral Market Power in Electric-
ity.” Policy Research Working Paper 3691.
Xie, Mei, Priya Shyamsundar, and Sushenjit Bandyopadhyay.
2007. “Yield Impact of Irrigation Management Transfer: Story
from the Philippines.” Policy Research Working Paper 4298.
Xubei, Luo. 2005. “Growth Spillover Effects and Regional De-
velopment Patterns: The Case of Chinese Provinces.” Policy
Research Working Paper 3652.
_____. 2007. “Regional Disparities in Labor Market Performance
in Croatia: The Role of Individual and Regional Structural
Characteristics.” Policy Research Working Paper 4148.
Yang, Dean. 2005. “International Migration, Human Capital, and
Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Philippine Migrants’ Ex-
change Rate Shocks.” Policy Research Working Paper 3578.
Yang, Jui-Chen, Subhrendu K. Pattanayak, F. Reed Jonson, Car-
259
ol Mansfield, Caroline van den Berg, and Kelly Jones. 2006.
“Unpackaging Demand for Water Service Quality: Evidence
from Conjoint Surveys in Sri Lanka.” Policy Research Work-
ing Paper 3817.
Yusuf, Shahid. 2007. “About Urban Mega Regions: Knowns and
Unknowns.” Policy Research Working Paper 4252.
_____. 2007. “From Creativity to Innovation.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4262.
Yusuf, Shahid, and Kaoru Nabeshima. 2005. “Japan’s Changing In-
dustrial Landscape.” Policy Research Working Paper 3758.
_____. 2006. “Two Decades of Reform: The Changing Organi-
zation Dynamics of Chinese Industrial Firms.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3806.
Yusuf, Shahid, Kaoru Nabeshima, and Ha Wei. 2007. “What Makes
Cities Healthy?” Policy Research Working Paper 4107.
Zafar, Ali. 2004. “What Happens When a Country Does Not Ad-
just to Terms of Trade Shocks? The Case of Oil-Rich Ga-
bon.” Policy Research Working Paper 3403.
_____. 2005. “The Impact of the Strong Euro on the Real Effec-
tive Exchange Rates of the Two Francophone African CFA
Zones.” Policy Research Working Paper 3751.
Zaman, Hassan. 2004. “The Scaling-Up of Microfinance in Ban-
gladesh: Determinants, Impact, and Lessons.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3398.
Zara, Stefano, Ariel Dinar, and Fioravante Patrone. 2006. “Co-
operative Game Theory and Its Application to Natural, En-
vironmental, and Water Resource Issues: 2. Application to
Natural and Environmental Resources.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4073.
Zeng, Douglas Zhihua. 2005. “China’s Employment Challenges
and Strategies after the WTO Accession.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3522.
Zeng, Douglas Zhihua, and Shuilin Wang. 2007. “China and the
Knowledge Economy: Challenges and Opportunities.” Poli-
cy Research Working Paper 4223.
Zervos, Sara. 2004. “The Transactions Costs of Primary Market
Issuance: The Case of Brazil, Chile, and Mexico.” Policy Re-
search Working Paper 3424.
Zhai, Fan, and Thomas Hertel. 2005. “Impacts of the Doha De-
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and Complementary Education Reforms.” Policy Research
Working Paper 3702.
Zhang, Fan. 2007. “Does Uncertainty Matter? A Stochastic Dy-
namic Analysis of Bankable Emission Permit Trading for
Global Climate Change Policy.” Policy Research Working
Paper 4215.
Zhu, Nong, and Xubei Luo. 2006. “Nonfarm Activity and Ru-
ral Income Inequality: A Case Study of Two Provinces in
China.” Policy Research Working Paper 3811.
Zouhon-Bi, Simplice G., and Lynge Nielsen. 2007. “The Eco-
nomic Community of West African States: Fiscal Revenue
Implications of the Prospective Economic Partnership
Agreement with the European Union.” Policy Research
Working Paper 4266.
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Dahlman, Carl, and Anuja Utz. 2005. India and the Knowledge
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Dahlman, Carl J., Douglas Zhihua Zeng, and Shuilin Wang, eds.
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Ali, Mubarik. 2006. “Horticulture Revolution for the Poor: Na-
ture, Challenges and Opportunities.” Background Paper for
the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Anderson, Jock R. 2007. “Agricultural Advisory Services.” Back-
ground Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington,
D.C. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Andersson, Martin, and Christer Gunnarsson. “Egalitarianism
in the Process of Modern Economic Growth: The Case of
Sweden.” Background Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Anríquez, Gustavo, and Genny Bonomi. 2007. “Long-Term
Farming and Rural Demographic Trends.” Background Pa-
per for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Arjona, Ana. 2007. “Understanding Recruitment in Civil
Wars.” Background Note for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Baffes, John. 2006. “The Political Economy of the US Cotton
Program.” Background Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Barrientos, Armando. “Cash Transfer for Older People Reduce
Poverty and Inequality.” Background Paper for WDR 2006.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Basu, Kaushik. 2006. “How Poor Farmers Behave.” Background
Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Basu, Kaushik, Hyejin Ku, and Homa Zarghamee. 2007. “De-
terminants of Youth Behavior and Outcomes: A Review of
Theory, Evidence and Policy Implications.” Background Pa-
per for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Behrman, Jere R., Alexis Murphy, Agnes Quisumbing, Usha
Ramakrishna, and Kathyrn Young. 2007. “What Is the Real
Impact of Education on Age of First Parenthood and Family
Formation?” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Bell, Clive, Ramona Bruhns, and Hans Gerbasch. 2007. “Eco-
nomic Growth, Education and Aids in the Kenya Model:
A Long-run Analysis.” Background Paper for WDR 2007.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Berdegué, Julio, Alexander Schejtman, Manuel Chiriboga, Fe-
lix Modrego, Romain Charnay, and Jorge Ortega. 2006. “To-
wards National and Global Agendas for Agriculture for De-
velopment: Latin America and the Caribbean.” Background
Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Bezemer, Dirk, and Peter Hazell. 2006. “The Agricultural Exit
Problem: An Empirical Assessment.” Background Paper for
the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Blum, Robert. 2007. “The Adolescent Brain.” Background Note
for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
G. World Development Report: Background Papers and Background Notes
Adams, Arvil Van. 2007. “The Role of Skills Development in the
Transition to Work: A Global Review.” Background Paper for
WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Agricultural Research for Developing Countries (CIRAD). 2006.
“Experiences with the Development and Diffusion of Con-
servation Agriculture in Ashanti and Brong Ahafo Regions of
Ghana.” Background Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Alderman, Harold. 2006. “Managing Risk to Increase Efficiency
and Reduce Poverty.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
______. World Bank’s Global HIV/AIDS Program of Action. Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. World Development Report 1978-2006 with Selected World
Development Indicators 2005: Indexed Omnibus CD-ROM Edi-
tion. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and New York, N.Y.: Oxford
University Press.
______. 2004. Addressing HIV/AIDS in East Asia and the Pacific.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. Decentralization in Madagascar. Washington, D.C.: World
Bank.
______. Doing Business in 2005: Removing Obstacles to Growth.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. Global Economic Prospects 2005: Trade, Regionalism, and
Development. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. Household Risk Management and Social Protection in Chile.
Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. World Development Report 1978-2005 with Selected World
Development Indicators 2004: Indexed Omnibus CD-ROM Edi-
tion. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. World Development Report 2005: A Better Investment Cli-
mate for Everyone. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and New
York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
______. Zambia: Public Expenditure Management and Financial Ac-
countability Review. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
World Bank and World Health Organization. 2006. High Level Fo-
rum on the Health Millennium Development Goals: Selected Pa-
pers 2003–2005. Washington, D.C.: World Bank; and Geneva:
World Health Organization.
Yusuf, Shahid, and Kaoru Nabeshima. 2006. China’s Development
Priorities. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2006. How Universities Promote Economic Growth. Wash-
ington, D.C.: World Bank.
268
Boix, Carles. “Spain: Development, Democracy and Equity.” Back-
ground Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Borlaug, Norman, and C. Dowswell. 2006. “In Search of an Afri-
can Green Revolution: Looking beyond Asia.” Background
Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Bradford, Colin. 2007. “Food and Agriculture in Global Gover-
nance.” Background Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Buck, Steven, Céline Ferré, Rachel Gardner, Hideyuki Nakaga-
wa, Lourdes Rodriguez-Chamussy, and Elisabeth Sadoulet.
2007. “Pattern of Rural Population Movements in Mexico,
Brazil, and Zambia.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Buys, Piet, Celine Ferre, Peter Lanjouw, and Timothy Thomas.
2007. “Rural Poverty and Geography: Towards Some Styl-
ized Facts in the Developing World.” Background Paper for
the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Carneiro, Pedro, and Cristobal Ridao-Cano. 2007. “Heterogene-
ity and Uncertainty in Returns to High School: The Case of
Indonesia.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
______. 2007. “The Role of Short Term Liquidity Con-
straints in Explaining Educational Investments in Indo-
nesia.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Chirayath, Leila, Caroline Sage, and Michael Woolcock. “Cus-
tomary Law and Policy Reform: Engaging with the Plural-
ity of Justice Systems.” Background Paper for WDR 2006.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Chiriboga, Manuel, Romain Charnay, and Carol Chehab. 2006.
“Women in Agriculture: Some Results of Household Sur-
veys Data Analysis.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Claessens, Stijn, and Enrico Perotti. “The Links between Fi-
nance and Inequality: Channels and Evidence.” Background
Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Damiani, Octavio. 2007. “Rural Development from a Territo-
rial Perspective: Case Studies in Asia and Latin Ameri-
ca.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Daviron, Benoit, and Isabelle Vagneron. 2007. “Fair Trade: A
Quick Assessment.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Davis, Benjamin, Paul Winters, Gero Carletto, Katia Covarru-
bias, Esteban Quinones, Alberto Zezza, Kostas Stamoulis,
Genny Bonomi, and Stefania DiGiuseppe. 2007. “Rural In-
come Generating Activities: A Cross Country Comparison.”
Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Wash-
ington, D.C.
de Haan, Arjan. “Disparities within India’s Poorest Regions:
Why Do the Same Institutions Work Differently in Differ-
ent Places?” Background Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Decker, Klaus, Siobhan McInerney-Lankford, and Caroline
Sage. 2006. “Human Rights and Equitable Development:
‘Ideals’ Issues and Implications.” Background Paper for
WDR 2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Decker, Klaus, Caroline Sage, and Milena Stefanova. 2006. “Law
or Justice: Building Equitable Legal Institutions.”
Background Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank, Washington,
D.C.
Deshingkar, Priya, and John Farrington. 2006. “Rural Labour
Markets and Migration in South Asia: Evidence from India
and Bangladesh.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Deshpande, Ashwini. “Affirmative Action in India and the Unit-
ed States.” Background Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Dorward, Andrew, Jonathan Kydd, and Colin Poulton. 2006.
“Traditional Domestic Markets and Marketing Systems
for Agricultural Products.” Background Paper for the WDR
2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Duflo, Esther, Pascaline Dupas, Michael Kremer, and Sam-
uel Simei. 2007. “Education and HIV/AIDS Prevention:
Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Western Ke-
nya.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Edmeades, Svetlana. 2007. “Main Messages and Supporting Ev-
idence for Public Expenditure on Agriculture.” Background
Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
El-Cherkeh, Tanja, Elena Stirbu, and Andrea Tolciu. 2007.
“Youth Migration to Europe: Potential Impact on the La-
bour Market of the Countries of Origin.” Background Paper
for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Escobar, German, Carlos Mladinic, Ramiro Sanhueza, and Oc-
tavio Diaz. 2006. “Rural Territorial Development: The Milk
Territory in Southern Chile.” Background Paper for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Fares, Jean, and Claudio E. Montenegro. 2007. “Youth Unem-
ployment’s Dynamics: Evidence from Brazil (1978–2002)
and Chile (1957–2005).” Background Paper for WDR 2007.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Fares, Jean, Claudio E. Montengro, Peter Orazem. 2007. “How
Are Youth Faring in the Labor Market? Evidence from
around the World.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
______. 2007. “Variation in the Returns to Schooling across
269
and Within Developing Economies.” Background Paper for
WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Fares, Jean, and Dhushyanth Raju. 2007. “Child Labor across
the Developing World: Patterns, Correlations and Deter-
minants.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Fares, Jean, and Erwin Tiongson. 2007. “Entering the Labor
Market and Early Mobility of Youth: Evidence form Panel
Estimates in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” Background Paper
for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Farnworth, Cathy, and Michael Goodman. 2007. “Growing Ethi-
cal Networks: The Fair Trade Market for Raw and Processed
Agricultural Products (in Five Parts), with Associated Stud-
ies on Africa and Latin America.” Background Paper for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Filmer, Deon, Emmanuel Jimenez, and Annette Richter. “Stim-
ulating the Returns to Youth Opportunity Agency and Sec-
ond Chances.” Background Note for WDR 2007. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Galiani, Sebastián, Martin Rossi, and Ernesto Schargrodsky.
2007. “Conscription and Crime.” Background Paper for
WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Gomart, Elizabeth. “Supporting Youth Citizenship: Review of
Evidence.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Gorpe, Mehmet Ziya, Jean Fares, and Claudio E. Montenegro.
“Public Wage Premium around the World.” Background Pa-
per for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Graham, Carol, and Matthew Hoover. 2007. “An Exploration
of Civic Activity in Latin America.” Background Note for
WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Gutierrez, Juan Pablo. “Oportunidades for the Next Generation:
Effects of a Conditional Cash Transfer on the Wellbeing of
Mexican Youths.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Halewood, Naomi, and Charles Kenny. “Young People and Com-
munications Technologies.” Background Paper for WDR
2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Hasan, Amer. 2007. “Youth Disposition Towards Citizenship: Do
Constitutional Frameworks Matter?” Background Note for
WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Hazell, Peter, Colin Poulton, Steve Wiggins, and Andrew Dor-
ward. 2006. “The Future of Small Farms: Synthesis Paper.”
Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Wash-
ington, D.C.
Henson, Spencer. 2006. “New Markets and Their Supporting
Institutions: Opportunities and Constraints for Demand
Growth.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Hoff, Karla. “What Can Economists Explain by Taking into
Account People’s Perceptions of Fairness? Punishing
Cheats, Bargaining Impasse, and Self-Perpetuating In-
equalities.” Background Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Hsieh, Chang-Tai, and Elisabeth Sadoulet. 2006. “Agriculture
and Development.” Background Note for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Jantti, Markus, Juho Saari, and Juhana Vartiainen. “Country Case
Study: Finland--Combining Growth with Equity.” Back-
ground Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Just, David R. 2006. “A Review of Behavioral Risk Research with
Special Application to Developing Countries.” Background
Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Karp, Larry. 2007. “Income Distribution and the Allocation of
Public Agricultural Investment in Developing Countries.”
Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Wash-
ington, D.C.
______. 2007. “Managing Migration from the Traditional to
Modern Sector in Developing Countries.” Background Pa-
per for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
La Cava, Gloria, Zeynep Ozbil, Sarah Michael, Elena Galliano,
Minna Mattero, and Mio Takada. “Youth and the Transition
to Citizenship: The Role of the State in Promoting Positive
Youth Religious and Ethnic Identities and Young People’s
Role in Peace-Building and Social Change.” Background Pa-
per for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Lam, David. “The Demography of Youth in Developing Coun-
tries and Its Economic Implications.” Background Paper for
WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Lastarria-Cornhiel, Susana. 2006. “Feminization of Agriculture:
Trends and Driving Forces.” Background Paper for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Ligon, Ethan, and Elisabeth Sadoulet. 2007. “Estimating the Ef-
fects of Aggregate Agricultural Growth on the Distribution
of Expenditures.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Llisterri, J., Hugo Kantis, Pablo Angelelli, and Luis Tejerina.
“Youth Entrepreneurship in Latin America.” Background
Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Lopez-Calva, Luis Felipe. 2007. “Migration in Rural Mexico:
From Tlapanalan to Manhatitlan.” Background Paper for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Louwaars, Niels P. 2006. “International Policy: The Seeds of
Confusion.” Background Note for the WDR 2008. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Lucero, Jose Antonio. “Indigenous Political Voice and the Strug-
gle for Recognition in Ecuador and Bolivia.” Background
Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
270
Makki, Shiva S. 2007. “Global Actors and Market Concentra-
tion in Agribusiness.” Background Note for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Mangiaterra, Viviana, and Gerold Vollmer. “Youth Consultations
for the WDR 2007: Synthesis Report of Country and Grass-
roots Consultations.” Background Paper for WDR 2007.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Martínez Nogueira, Roberto. 2007. “New Roles of the Public Sec-
tor for an Agriculture for Development Agenda.” Background
Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Mattero, Minna. “Youth Policies and the Institutional Frame-
work.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World Bank, Wash-
ington, D.C.
McKenzie, David J. “A Profile of the World’s Young Developing
Country Migrants.” Background Paper for WDR 2007. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Modrego, Félix, Romain Charnay, Esteban Jara, Hugo Contre-
ras, and Cristian Rodriguez. 2006. “Small Farmers in Devel-
oping Countries: Some Results of Household Survey Data
Analysis.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Moncrieffe, Joy. “Beyond Categories: Power, Recognition, and
the Conditions for Equity.” Background Paper for WDR
2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Otsuka, Keijiro. 2006. “The Asian Farm Size Dilemma.”
Background Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Otsuka, Keijiro, and Takashi Yamano. 2006. “The Role of Rural
Labor Markets in Poverty Reduction: Evidence from Asia
and East Africa.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Pardey, Philip G., Julian Alston, Jenni James, Paul Glewwe,
Eran Binenbaum, Terry Hurley, and Stanley Wood. 2007.
“Science, Technology and Skills.” Background Paper for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Pehu, Eija, and Catherine R. Ragasa. 2007. “Agricultural Bio-
technology.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Perlman, Janice E., and Sarah E. Anthony. “Citizenship and
Youth in the Favelas of Rio de Janeiro.” Background Paper
for WDR 2007. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Pingle, Vibha. “Faith, Equity, and Development.” Background
Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Pinstrup-Andersen, Per. 2006. “The Organization of Interna-
tional Agricultural Research.” Background Note for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Pomareda, Carlos. 2006. “Contract Agriculture: Lessons from
Experiences in Costa Rica.” Background Paper for the WDR
2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Poulton, Colin. 2007. “Bulk Export Commodities: Trends and
Challenges.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Pretty, Jules. 2006. “Agroecological Approaches to Agricultural
Development.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Quan, Julian, Junior Davis, and Felicity Proctor. 2006. “Rural
Development from a Territorial Perspective: Lessons and
Potential in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Background Paper for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Rao, Vijayendra. 2006. “Culture Is Changing in India’s Villages.”
Background Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washing-
ton, D.C.
______. “Symbolic Public Goods and the Coordination of Col-
lective Action: A Comparison of Local Development in In-
dia and Indonesia.” Background Paper for WDR 2006. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Ravallion, Martin. 2006. “Why Should Poor People Care about
Inequality?” Background Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Ravallion, Martin, Shaohua Chen, and Prem Sangraula. 2007.
“New Evidence on the Urbanization of Global Poverty.”
Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Wash-
ington, D.C.
Reardon, Thomas, and Julio Berdegué. 2006. “The Retail-Led
Transformation of Agrifood Systems and Its Implications for
Development Policies.” Background Paper for the WDR
2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Ridao-Cano, Cristobal. 2007. “Vietnamese Youth: Managing
Prosperity.” Background Note for WDR 2007. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Rosegrant, Mark W., Siwa Msangui, Timothy Sulser, and Claudia
Ringler. 2006. “Future Scenarios for Agriculture: Plausible
Futures to 2030 and Key Trends in Agricultural Growth.”
Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Wash-
ington, D.C.
Ross, Michael. 2006. “Mineral Wealth and Equitable Devel-
opment.” Background Paper for WDR 2006. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel. 2006. “Asset Inequality and Agricul-
tural Growth: How Are Patterns of Asset Inequality Estab-
lished and Reproduced?” Background Paper for WDR 2006.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Saint, William. 2006. “Growing the People Who Can Make Af-
rican Agriculture Grow: Human Capital Development for
African Agriculture.” Background Note for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Sautier, Denis, Hester Vermeulen, Michel Fok, and Estelle Bié-
nabe. 2006. “Case Studies of Agri-Processing and Contract
271
Agriculture in Africa.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Schejtman, Alexander, Julio Berdegué, and Félix Modrego.
2006. “Income Diversification through Agricultural Devel-
opment.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Sebastian, Kate. 2007. “GIS/Spatial Analysis Contribution to
2008 WDR: Technical Notes on Data and Methodologies.”
Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Wash-
ington, D.C.
Shepherd, Andrew, Emmanuel Gyimah-Boadi, Sully Gariba, So-
phie Plagerson, and Abdul Wahab Musa. 2006. “Bridging the
North-South Divide in Ghana.” Background Paper for WDR
2006. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Staatz, John, and Niama Nango Dembele. 2007. “Agriculture for
Development in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Background Paper for
the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Valdés, Alberto, and William Foster. 2006. “Making the La-
bor Market a Way out of Rural Poverty. Rural and Agri-
cultural Labor Markets in Latin America and the Carib-
bean.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
van de Walle, Dominique. 2006. “Impacts of Road Infrastruc-
ture on Markets and Productivity.” Background Note for the
WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Van der Meer, Cornelius L.J. 2006. “Agricultural Development,
Private Sector Development and Rural Livelihoods: About
Synergies.” Background Note for the WDR 2008. World
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Walker, Thomas. 2007. “Participatory Varietal Selection, Partici-
patory Plant Breeding, and Varietal Change.” Background
Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Wik, Mette, Prabhu Pingali, and Sumiter Broca. 2007. “Global
Agricultural Performance: Past Trends and Future Pros-
pects.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Wilkinson, John, and Rudi Rocha. 2006. “Agri-Processing and
Developing Countries.” Background Paper for the WDR
2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
World Development Report 2007 Team. 2006. “Income and
Employment from a Cross-section of Household Surveys.”
Background Note for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washing-
ton, D.C.
Zezza, Alberto, Paul Winters, Benjamin Davis, Gero Carletto,
Katia Covarrubias, Esteban Quinones, Kostas Stamoulis,
Panayotis Karfakis, Luca Tasciotti, Stefania DiGiuseppe,
and Genny Bonomi. 2007. “Rural Household Access to As-
sets and Agrarian Institutions: A Cross Country Compari-
H. Discussion Paper Series, Occasional Paper Series, Technical Series, Regional and Network Working Papers, Conference Papers and Draft Papers
Acuña, Rodrigo. 2005. “Pension Reform in El Salvador.” So-
cial Protection Discussion Paper 0507. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Adam, Sarah. 2006. “Evaluating Social Fund Impact: A Toolkit
for Task Teams and Social Fund Managers.” Social Protec-
tion Discussion Paper 0611. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Adekson Adedayo, and Michael Woolcock. 2005. “Negotiating
Globalization: How State-Society Relations and Economic
Integration Shape Development Trajectories.” World Bank,
Washington, D.C. Mimeo.
Ahmed, Shaikh S. 2005. “Delivery Mechanisms of Cash Transfer
Programs to the Poor in Bangladesh.” Social Protection Dis-
cussion Paper 0520. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Alderman, Harold, Mariacristina Rossi, and H. Hoogeveen. 2006.
“Preschool Nutrition and Subsequent Schooling Attain-
ment: Longitudinal Evidence from Tanzania.” World Bank,
Washington, D.C. Mimeo.
Anzalone, Stephen, and Andrea Bosch. 2005. “Improving Educa-
tional Quality with Interactive Radio Instruction: A Toolkit
for Policymakers and Planners.” Africa Region Human Devel-
opment Working Paper 52. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Araujo, M. Caridad, Francisco H. G. Ferreira, Peter Lanjouw,
and Berk Özler. 2005. “Local Inequality and Project Choice:
An Application to Ecuador’s Emergency Social Investment
Fund (1993–97).” World Bank, Washington, D.C. Mimeo.
Arnold, Jens, Beata Smarzynska Javorcik, and Aaditya Mattoo.
2006. “The Productivity Effects of Services Liberalization:
Evidence from the Czech Republic.” World Bank, Washing-
ton, D.C.
Auerbach, P., M.E. Genoni, and Carmen Pagés. 2005. “Social Se-
curity Coverage and the Labor Market in Developing Coun-
tries.” Working Paper 537. Inter-American Development
Bank, Washington, D.C.
Azzarri, Carlo, Calogero Carletto, Benjamin Davis, and Alberto
Zezza. 2005. “Poverty, Migration, and Agricultural Livelihoods
in Albania.” Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
Baietti, Aldo, and Paolo Curiel. 2005. “Financing Water Supply
son.” Background Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Zhang, Linxiu, Scott Rozelle, Chengfang Liu, Susan Olivia, Alan
de Brauw, and Qiang Li. 2007. “Feminization of Agriculture
in China: Debunking the Myth and Measuring the Conse-
quence of Women Participation in Agriculture.” Background
Paper for the WDR 2008. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
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tation Working Note 7. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Baietti, Aldo, and Peter Raymond. 2005. “Financing Water Sup-
ply and Sanitation Investments: Utilizing Risk Mitigation
Instruments to Bridge the Financing Gap.” Water Supply
and Sanitation Sector Board Discussion Paper Series 4.
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Bannon, Ian. 2006. “Social Analysis in the Design of World Bank
Education Projects.” Article Presented at a seminar on Ed-
ucation, Social Cohesion and Diversity, Washington, D.C.,
June 9, 2005.
Bardasi, Elena, and Quentin Wodon. 2006. “Measuring Time
Poverty and Analyzing Its Determinants: Concepts and
Application to Guinea.” In Mark Blackden and Quentin
Wodon, eds., Gender, Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan
Africa. Working Paper 73. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
______. 2006. “Poverty Reduction from Full Employment:
A Time Use Approach.” In Mark Blackden and Quentin
Wodon, eds., Gender, Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan
Africa. Working Paper 73. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Barron, Patrick, Rachael Diprose, and Michael Woolcock. 2005.
“Local Conflict and Community Development in Indonesia:
Assessing the Impact of the Kecamatan Development Pro-
gram.” World Bank, Washington, D.C. Mimeo.
Barros, J. D. Aluisio, Cesar G. Victora, Juraci A. Cesar, Nelson
Arns Neumann, and Andrea D. Bertoldi. 2005. “Brazil: Are
the Health and Nutrition Programs Reaching the Needi-
est?” Health Nutrition and Policy Paper 9. The World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Bartelsman, Eric, John C. Haltiwanger, and Stefano Scarpetta.
2005. “Measuring and Analyzing Cross-Country Differences
in Firm Dynamics.” Paper presented for NBER Conference
on Research in Income and Wealth (CRIW): Producer Dy-
namics: New Evidence from Micro Data, April 8–9.
Beck, Thorsten, Asli Demirgüç-Kunt, and Ross Levine. 2005.
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