linux for the rest of us -- or -- how a non-unix person is using linux today
TRANSCRIPT
Linux for the Rest of UsLinux for the Rest of Us-- or ---- or --
How a non-Unix Person is How a non-Unix Person is Using Linux Today Using Linux Today
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 2
What is Linux?What is Linux?
Back in August of 1991, a student from Finland began a post to the comp.os.minix newsgroup with the words:
“Hello everybody out there using minix..”
“I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby...) for 386(486) AT clones.”
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 3
What is Linux? (Cont.)What is Linux? (Cont.)
The student was Linus Torvalds ([email protected]), and the "hobby" he spoke of eventually became what we know today as Linux.
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 4
How to Pronounce "Linux"? (inquiring How to Pronounce "Linux"? (inquiring minds want to know !)minds want to know !)
http://www.linux.org/info/sounds/english.au
-- or if you prefer in Swedish –
http://www.linux.org/info/sounds/swedish.au
Why a Penguin ? http://www.linux.org/info/penguin.html
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 5
Who are the major suppliers of Who are the major suppliers of Linux Distributions ?Linux Distributions ?
Red Hat Caldera Mandrake Slackware SuSe debian and many more….. Burn baby Burn ! go to http://www.linuxiso.org/ to d/l
your favorite flavor ! FREE !!!
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 6
Getting started !Getting started ! I decided to use Red Hat… Why ? It’s popular ! They have started to look at it where
I work and wanted to make myself more marketable in this economy.
It’s has a reputation of being easy. Lots of utilities to help the newbie.
RPMs! Red Hat Package Manager - database/package that ease the installation/upgrade of applications/utilities.
Red Hat tracks your installed RPM’s and emails you when a critical update becomes available.
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 7
What are the What are the minimumminimum hardware and hardware and space requirements for installing Red Hat space requirements for installing Red Hat
Linux on a PC?Linux on a PC? 1620 MB for Server, 450 MB for
Workstation , and 120 MB for Custom Install
16 MB RAM Intel 386
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 8
Getting started !Getting started !
Burn those ISO files to CD. You can d/l a boot.img file and install using
FTP but unless you have a fat pipe I would suggest installing from CD.
Decide what kind of box you want - I wanted a server !
Not knowing what I was doing I just accepted the defaults and figured I could fix anything I wanted later !
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 9
Getting Started (Cont.)Getting Started (Cont.)
Well this is boring. What can I do now ??? I know... let’s register a domain !
http://www.weblaunching.com/ bgaddict.com is MINE for the low low cost of $12/yr.
(such a deal ! godaddy.com is cheaper!) OK I have a box. I have a domain. What’s missing ???
DNS ! http://www.zoneedit.com/ - FREE DNS Hosting (up to
5 domains) !! Oh yeah BABY ! Don’t forget DDNS ! ddclient
-http://freshmeat.net/redir/ddclient/1777/url_rpm/ddclient-3.4.2-1.noarch.rpm
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 10
OK Now what ???OK Now what ??? Apache is installed and loads at boot. Well I always wanted a web
server ;-) http://www.apache.org/ SSL ?
http://www.apache-ssl.org/ How about some remote control ?
http://www.webmin.com/ Install webmin SSL ! Restrict access via IP change the port !
Time to Samba (SMB) – isn’t this a dance step ? http://us1.samba.org/samba/samba.html
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 11
OK now what ?? (cont.)OK now what ?? (cont.)
Sendmail anyone ? http://www.sendmail.org/ Don’t forget to set up a backup mail server. Zoneedit.com to the
rescue but this time it costs ! ($11/yr) Make sure not to relay mail for the internet (Can you say
SPAM ??) . Test ! : http://zoneedit.com/smtp.html?ad=lookup
I know, let’s email the heck out off all my friends and family ! Mailing list sever anyone ? WooHoo ! Mailman - http://www.list.org/ Web based user management - Better than Majordomo ! Join the mailman-users list. Good info.
FTP ? Setup dummy users, set to “no login allowed”.
Ya can’t get there from here -- or -- don’t forget to open the ports on the firewall!
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 12
OK now what ?? (cont.)OK now what ?? (cont.)
CRON is your friend ! Great place to run logrotate or email you status reports or…..
Inspect your LOGS on daily basis ! /var/logs
ONLY open the ports to the net of the services you really need ! NEVER RUN LOGGED IN AS ROOT !
This is what keeps Unix systems secure. When you need to execute a command that requires root privileges, you can use the "su" command to temporarily assume root privileges.
Set up disk quotas – very important if you are going to be allowing anonymous FTP access !
SSH never TELNET from outside (telnet uses plaintext even when using the su command)
YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED !
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 13
Resource PageResource Page http://www.bgaddict.com/ - My web site ;-) http://www.linux.org/ - Linux Online http://www.redhat.com/ Red Hat http://rute.sourceforge.net/ - Rute User's Tutorial and Exposition
by Paul Sheer - START HERE ! http://www.linuxnewbie.org/ - home of NHF’s (Newbieized
help files !) http://www.zoneedit.com/ - DNS hosting http://www.linuxiso.org/ - Get your ISO D/L’s here. /http://rpmfind.net/ - Get your RPM’s here ! http://www.tldp.org/ - The Linux Documentation Project comp.os.linux.misc -- and -- comp.os.linux.help
Mark Kushinsky - mdspc.com - [email protected] 14
Resource Page #2 (thanks Josh !)Resource Page #2 (thanks Josh !)Here's a typical directory structure on your newly
installed Linux system:
/ (The root directory - roughly equivalent to c:\) /bin (A few system-wide programs and your shell live here) /dev (Don't go here. Really. It's where all the interfaces to hardware
live) /etc (Configuration files and such for the system and most services -
typically in plaintext) /home (This is where all your user directories live - the equivalent of
everyone's profiles) /lib (The home of system-wide libraries, equivalent to Windows' system
DLL's) /mnt (Where drives are mounted into the filesystem) /opt (A place where some Linux/Unix systems install user-added software) /proc (a place for programmers to look at running processes and read memory
directly) /root (The root user's home directory) /usr (Most of your applications are here, and in subdirectories off this) /tmp (Where system temp files are stored. This is normally cleared at
shutdown.) /var (Log files and a lot of related files are written here. Some systems
put the files used by the web and FTP servers here - others put them under /home)