linear programming technical supplement 3 learning curves copyright © 2014 by the mcgraw-hill...
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Linear Programming
Technical Supplement 3
Learning Curves
Copyright © 2014 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Objectives Objectives
1. Explain the learning curve concept
2. Identify different uses of learning curves in operations management
3. Calculate the estimated time required to do a task for a given learning curve
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Concepts
• Learning curve is an equation that can be used to estimate a rate of improvement in tasks
• Resource needs are reduced as people learn through repetition
–Time to assemble a product
–Cost to fabricate an item
• Resource requirement is reduced by certain percentage each time cumulative output is doubled
Overview of Learning CurvesOverview of Learning Curves
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The Learning CurveThe Learning Curve
Tn = T1 (nb)
Where:• Tn = time required to complete the nth task• r = learning rate percentage • b = ln(r)/ln(2)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 20 40 60 80 100
Cumulative repetitionsT
ime
pe
r u
nit
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ExampleExample
T1 = 100 minutes
T2 = 80 minutes
T4 = 64 minutes
• What would be the time required to produce the eighth part?
T8 = (100)(8-0.322) = 51.2 minutes
since b= ln(0.80)/ln(2) = -0.322
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Learning Curve TableLearning Curve Table
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Factors that Impact Learning RateFactors that Impact Learning Rate
• Incentives and rewards• Supporting resources for experimentation• Training• Tools and technology• Culture
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How OM Managers Use Learning CurvesHow OM Managers Use Learning Curves
• Setting goals and expectations• Capacity planning• Costing• Changes to product and process designs
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SummarySummary
• Learning curve estimation is a powerful planning tool–Helps to identify resources needed to accomplish a
production program–Can be used to set goals and assess progress
• Wide application given that underlying drivers of learning are present
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