linear integrated circuit b.tech 4th semester …

LABORATORY MANUAL

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

B.TECH

4TH SEMESTER

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

JHARKHAND RAI UNIVERSITY

KAMRE, RANCHI

1

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

S.NO. NAME OF EXPERIMENTS PAGE NO.

1 To observe the inverted waveform using op-amp lm741 3-4

2 To observe the non-inverted waveform using op-amp lm741 5-6

3 To observe the application of op-amp lm741 as summing amplifier 7-8

4 To observe the application of op-amp lm741 as difference amplifier 9-10 5 To observe the application of op-amp lm741 as integrator circuit. 11-12

6 To observe the application of op-amp lm 741 as differentiator circuit 13-14

7 Basics of op-amp LM741 15

2

EXPERIMENT NO: 01

INVERTING AMPLIFIER

AIM: To study the following linear applications of op-amp Inverting amplifier.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:Inverting Amplifier Kit, CRO, and Multi-meter.

THEORY: Inverting Amplifier: This is the most widely used of all the Op-amp circuits. The output is fed back to the

inverting input through the – network as shown in figure where is the feedback resistor. The input signal

Vi is applied to the inverting input terminal through Rin and noninverting input terminal of Op-amp is

grounded. Theoutput is given by =− ( )

Where, the gain of amplifier is − / .

The negative sign indicates a phase-shift of 180 degrees between Vi and V0. The effective input

impedance is Ri. An inverting amplifier uses negative feedback to invert and amplify a voltage. The

Rin,Rf resistor network allows some of the output signal to be returned to the input. Since the output is

180° out of phase, this amount is effectively subtracted from the input, thereby reducing the input into

the operational amplifier. This reduces the overall gain of the amplifier and is dubbed negative

feedback.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Figure: 1.1 circuit diagram Output voltage: =− ( )

3

MODEL GRAPH (t

)

a

t

Graph 1.1: input waveform

(

t)

2

Graph 1.2: output waveform

RESULT: Thus we obtained the inverted and amplified waveform.

4

EXPERIMENT NO: 02

NON-INVERTING AMPLIFIER

AIM: To study the following linear applications of op-amp Non-Inverting amplifier.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:Non-Inverting Amplifier Kit, CRO, Multi-meter

THEORY: In this application of op-amp LM 741, it is used as non-inverting amplifier. In this amplifier the input

signal is given to the non-inverting terminal. Output is taken and at output terminal and observe that

the input wave and the output wave are in the same phase. The feedback resistor is responsible for the

amplifying the input wave.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Figure 2.1: Circuit Diagram Output voltage: = 1 +

MODEL GRAPH: (

a

Graph 2.2: Input Waveform

5

( )

2

t

Graph 2.3: Output Waveform

RESULT: Thus we obtained the non-inverted and amplified waveform.

6

EXPERIMENT NO: 03

SUMMING AMPLIFIER

AIM:To observe the application of op-amp lm741 as summing amplifier

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Summing amplifier kit, CRO, MULTIMETER

THEORY: In this application of op-amp LM741, it is used as summing amplifier. Since the input impedance of op-

amp is infinite so any number of input can be given to the input of op-amp. In the inverting terminal of

op-amp three input signals are given.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

1 2

2 3 3

7

1 MODEL GRAPH:

t 2

t


= 1 +

2

t


RESULT:Thus we observed the output of summing amplifier.

8

EXPERIMENT NO: 04

DIFFERENCE AMPLIFIER

AIM:to observe the output waveform of difference amplifier.

APPARATUS REQIURED:Difference Amplifier Kit, Multi-meter, CRO

THEORY: By connecting one voltage signal to one input terminal and another voltage signal to the other input terminal the resultant output voltage will be proportional to the "Difference" between the two input signals of 1 and 2and this type of circuit can be used as a Subtractor and commonly known as a Differential Amplifier, with configuration and as shown below: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

1

2

2

Figure 4.1: Circuit Diagram

Output voltage: = ( 2 − 1)

1

MODEL GRAPH: 1

t

Graph 4.2(A): Input Waveform

9

2

t

Graph 4.2(B): Input Waveform

t

Graph 4.3(a): Output waveform if 2 > 1

t

Graph 4.4(b): Output waveform if 2 < 1

RESULT: Thus we have obtained the difference waves of input signals.

10

EXPERIMENT NO: 05

INTEGRATOR CIRCUIT

AIM: to obtain the integrated waveform of input signal.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Integrator Kit, CRO, Multi-meter

THEORY: Op-amp LM 741 is used as an integrator circuit by replacing the feedback resistor by a capacitor. The charging and discharging time is used as integration of input signal. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

1

Figure 5.1: circuit diagram

1

Output voltage:

= −

1 0

MODEL GRAPH:

t


11

t


RESULT: Thus we obtained the integrated waveform of sine wave.

12

EXPERIMENT NO: 06

DIFFERENTIATOR

AIM: To obtain the differentiated waveform of the input signal.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:differentiator kit, CRO, multi-meter

THEORY: In this application of Op-amp, it is used as differentiator circuit. In this the capacitor and input resistor

are interchanged in integrator.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: 1

Figure 6.1: circuit diagram Output voltage: = − 1 ( )

13

MODEL GRAPH:

t


t

Graph 6.3: Output waveform

RESULT:Thus we obtained the differentiated wave of input sine wave.

14

STUDY PRACTICAL

BASICS OF OP-AMP LM741

DESCRIPTION The LM741 series are general purpose operational 2• Overload Protection on the Input and Output

amplifiers which feature improved performance over • No Latch-Up When the Common Mode Range

industry standards like the LM709. They are direct, is Exceeded plug-in replacements for the 709C,

LM201, MC1439 and 748 in most applications. The amplifiers offer many features which make their

application nearly foolproof: overload protection on the input and output, no latch-up when the

common mode range is exceeded, as well as freedom from oscillations. The LM741C is identical to

the LM741/LM741A except that the LM741C has their performance ensured over a 0°C to +70°C

temperature range, instead of −55°C to +125°C.

15

linear integrated circuit b.tech 4th semester …

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