Lighting and Lighting and Wiring Wiring

FundamentalsFundamentalsChapter 36Chapter 36

Page 466Page 466

Primary verses Primary verses Secondary WiringSecondary Wiring

Primary wiring carries around 12 Primary wiring carries around 12 volts. Almost all wiring in your vehicle volts. Almost all wiring in your vehicle is “primary”is “primary”

Secondary wiring carries high voltage Secondary wiring carries high voltage (up to 100,000 volts) The ignition (up to 100,000 volts) The ignition system is the only wiring that is system is the only wiring that is secondary. (spark plug wires)secondary. (spark plug wires)

Circuit Protection Circuit Protection DevicesDevices Controls DevicesControls Devices

FusesFuses

Fuses and Circuit Breakers Protect form Overloads

Switches for on and off

Fuse linksFuse linksA fuse link is a piece of smaller A fuse link is a piece of smaller

(weaker) wire linking a regular wire. (weaker) wire linking a regular wire. If the circuit is overloaded then the If the circuit is overloaded then the link burns and breaks contact. This link burns and breaks contact. This section is coated with a fire section is coated with a fire retardant material.retardant material.

Types of lightsTypes of lights

Rear tail LightsMust be Red

Head Lights

Socket type Various Bulbs

Side MarkerSealed Beam

Headlight OperationHeadlight Operation

Standard Lighting Verses Standard Lighting Verses HalogenHalogen

Standard lighting is most common with all Standard lighting is most common with all lights except headlights. Standard light lights except headlights. Standard light bulbs need to be handled with care.bulbs need to be handled with care.

Halogen lights burn extremely bright and Halogen lights burn extremely bright and HotHot. Don’t touch then when on and try not . Don’t touch then when on and try not to handle them by touching the glass. Your to handle them by touching the glass. Your fingerprint-if left on it will make the light fingerprint-if left on it will make the light fail quickly. (halogen bulbs can be blue in fail quickly. (halogen bulbs can be blue in color)color)

High Intensity Discharge High Intensity Discharge (HID)(HID)

Gives off a blue colorGives off a blue color These bulbs are filled with ZenonThese bulbs are filled with Zenon The reaction causes an arc which is very bright.The reaction causes an arc which is very bright. These bulbs take 3-5 seconds to fully brighten, These bulbs take 3-5 seconds to fully brighten,

once on, they use 25% less power than halogen once on, they use 25% less power than halogen lights. lights.

Caution- High Voltage is produces at the bulb Caution- High Voltage is produces at the bulb (800 volts) this is used to start it’s arc(800 volts) this is used to start it’s arc

Don’t use test equipment on it. Either it’s Don’t use test equipment on it. Either it’s working or not. (Voltage is too high for our working or not. (Voltage is too high for our meters)meters)

Dimmer SwitchDimmer Switch

Change from high to low beams Change from high to low beams It has a flash option at times to notify It has a flash option at times to notify

oncoming trafficoncoming traffic Some cars have auto dimmers-optical Some cars have auto dimmers-optical

sensors detect oncoming cars and dim sensors detect oncoming cars and dim the lights for youthe lights for you

Can be located on the floor or on most Can be located on the floor or on most modern vehicles –they are modern vehicles –they are incorporated in the turn signal armincorporated in the turn signal arm

Courtesy LightsCourtesy Lights

Includes dome, glove box, under Includes dome, glove box, under hood, floor, dash and trunk lightshood, floor, dash and trunk lights

Can be operated through headlight Can be operated through headlight switch and another near headlight switch and another near headlight switchswitch

Will dim through headlight switch Will dim through headlight switch (dash)(dash)

Door, hood, and trunk switches Door, hood, and trunk switches control those lightscontrol those lights

Tail LightsTail Lights

On with light switchOn with light switch Red in colorRed in color Incorporated in an assemble with Incorporated in an assemble with

brake and back up lightsbrake and back up lights Socket type bulbsSocket type bulbs Fused as parking lights or tail lightsFused as parking lights or tail lights

Brake Lights and Turn Brake Lights and Turn Bulbs Bulbs

Many light bulbs have more Many light bulbs have more than one filament inside them. than one filament inside them. These bulbs normally have These bulbs normally have offset pins to ensure proper offset pins to ensure proper locking in the socket. Be sure to locking in the socket. Be sure to look carefully at the bulb you look carefully at the bulb you are replacing to make sure you are replacing to make sure you do not try to force the bulb in do not try to force the bulb in the wrong way. the wrong way.

Some bulbs have a colored Some bulbs have a colored glass envelope that enables glass envelope that enables them to be used with a clear them to be used with a clear lens. If you replace a bulb of lens. If you replace a bulb of this type, make sure that you this type, make sure that you replace it with one of the same replace it with one of the same color.color.

Wipers and WashersWipers and Washers Modern motors have a delay optionModern motors have a delay option The first motors ran off vacuum from the engine The first motors ran off vacuum from the engine

that was subject to slowing or stoppage. (rpm)that was subject to slowing or stoppage. (rpm) A 1968 federal law called for at least two speeds A 1968 federal law called for at least two speeds

and a washer system.and a washer system.

Types of Wiper DesignsTypes of Wiper Designs

Rain Sensor System OperationAn infrared beam is reflected off the outside surface of the windshield to the

infrared sensor array. When moisture strikes the windshield, the system experiences an interruption to its infrared beam. Advanced analog and digital signal processing determines the intensity of rain or snow. The sensor communicates to the wiper control module to switch on the wiper motor and controls the wipers automatically according to the moisture intensity detected.

Horns Horns

Most vehicles have two horns wired in Most vehicles have two horns wired in parallel if one fails the other will work. parallel if one fails the other will work. (one horn may have a different tone).(one horn may have a different tone).

A diaphragm and an electromagnet A diaphragm and an electromagnet produce the noise.produce the noise.

When you push the horn button it When you push the horn button it “closes” the circuit.“closes” the circuit.

Your Job.Your Job.

Complete chapter Questions 1-15 Complete chapter Questions 1-15 (review) and 1-10 (ASE-style). Page 476(review) and 1-10 (ASE-style). Page 476

Write on a separate paper and write Write on a separate paper and write out the complete question and your out the complete question and your answer. ( do not write the other answer answer. ( do not write the other answer options). options).

Complete the chapter worksheet (I will Complete the chapter worksheet (I will give it out). You may write on it. give it out). You may write on it.

File all items in your note book.File all items in your note book. Notebooks will be graded in the future.Notebooks will be graded in the future.