Lighten Your Lighten Your LoadLoad

and and

Save Your LifeSave Your Life

Unit 7 Section A

ContentsContents

• Warm-up activities• Text understanding• Paraphrase & translation• Word using• Assignments

I. Warm-up ActivitiesI. Warm-up Activities

What causes stress?

Job pressure:

phones,project deadlines,

the risk to be fired Life pressure:

working couples with kids,

heavy traffic,expensive housesStudy pressure:

exams, job seeking

What does stress lead to?

Sufferings:

worry, depression, frustration, fury, disappointment, distress, anxiety, irritation, annoyance, confusion, uneasiness, unrest, feel blue…

Stress can set the stage for depression.

Watch the videoWatch the video

Text StructureText Structure

Lists of Major PointsLists of Major Points

1. Effects of stress (Para. 1 － 6)

2. Causes of stress (Para. 7 － 12)

3. Solutions to stress (Para. 13 － 20)

II. Text structure. Text structure

II. Lists of Major PointsII. Lists of Major Points

1. Who is Dr. Robert S. Eliot?1. Who is Dr. Robert S. Eliot?

a.a. ____________________.____________________.

b.b. __________________________.__________________________.

Author of a new book

A clinical professor of medicine

2. What does Eliot say in his book?2. What does Eliot say in his book?

a. You may be hurting your heart if ___________________________.b. You need to learn to take charge of your life if ___________________________.c. Being tense may cause ____________________ __________________________ for “hot reactors”.d. Stressed people have ______________________.

feeling angry and overwhelmed

not wanting to break your heart

tremendous and rapid

increases in their blood pressure higher cholesterol levels

3. What causes stress?3. What causes stress?

a.a. _________________________________._________________________________.

b.b. _______._______.

FUD factors together with lack of control

Anger

4. The anger is coming from4. The anger is coming from

a.a. _________________________________._________________________________.

b.b. _________________._________________.

a feeling that everything must be perfect

not having compass

5. How to deal with stress?5. How to deal with stress?

a. _____________________.

b. __________________________________.

c. __________________.Write down six things like Ben Franklin Learn how to flow

Trying NICE factors

1. If you often feel angry and over-whelmed, like the stress in your life

is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart. (L1)

as if

I. ParaphraseI. Paraphrase

If you are often angry and very strongly affected by negative feelings, as if the stress is quickly going out of control, then it is possible that you are doing harm to your heart.

completely helpless

turn around and around quickly

2. When that happens it happens very quickly, within five minutes. (L12)

When too great amounts of chemicals are produced by too much anxiety or tension, the heart muscle fibers will be damaged quickly, within only five minutes.

excess alarm or stress

chemicals

bursting heart

muscle fibers

3. …“realize that there are other troublesome parts of your life over which you can have little or no control—like the economy and politicians”. (L56)

… get to know that there are some other aspects in your life that cause pain while you can hardly do anything towards it, such as the economy and politicians.

suchas

1. If you own anger for more than five minutes—if you stir in your own juice with no safety outlet—you have to find out where it’s coming from. (L33)

如果你生气超过 5 分钟—如果生闷气，没有安全的发泄渠道的话—必须弄清你生气源自何处。

II. TranslationSuffer from your own feelings

2. “You have to decide what parts of your life you can control, ” he says. “Stop where you are on your trail and say, ‘I’m going to get my compass out and find out what I need to do.’” (L43)

“ 你必须确定你能控制自己生活中的哪些部分，” 他说。“在你的人生道路上停下来， 对自己说：‘我要把指南针拿出来， 弄明白自己需要做什么。’”

on your way

Word Word UsingUsing

1. excess (L11) aa.. additional and not wantedadditional and not wanted

e.g.e.g.

The fat man went on a diet to get rid of his excess The fat man went on a diet to get rid of his excess weight.weight.

辨析辨析 excessive — a. too great in amount or in degree

The prices at this hotel are excessive.The prices at this hotel are excessive.

1. excess n.n. an amount that is more than enough an amount that is more than enough

TranslationTranslation

Luggage in excess of 100kg will be charged extra.Luggage in excess of 100kg will be charged extra.

形近词形近词access n. entering or approaching, way in

excel v. be very good at sth.

exceed v. be greater than, go beyond

KeyKey 超过一百公斤的行李要额外收费。超过一百公斤的行李要额外收费。

2. attribute … to … (L16) v.v. caused or produced by sb./sth.① caused or produced by sb./sth.①

TranslationTranslation他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。

KeyKey

They attributed their success to their teacher’s They attributed their success to their teacher’s encouragement.encouragement.

2. attribute v.v. regard sth. as belonging to② regard sth. as belonging to②e.g.e.g.

This comedy has been attributed to Shakespeare.This comedy has been attributed to Shakespeare.

形近词形近词

contribute contribute v. v. 捐赠，贡献捐赠，贡献distribute distribute v. v. 分发，分配分发，分配

Word FormationWord Formation

v.v. n.n. a.a.

attributeattribute

stimulatestimulate

destructivedestructive

prioritypriority

attributionattribution attributiveattributive

stimulusstimulus stimulatingstimulating

destroydestroy destructiondestruction

priorprior

3. exterior (L17) n. the appearance or outside surface of sth.the appearance or outside surface of sth.

ParaphraseParaphrase

You can not judge a book by its cover.You can not judge a book by its cover.

反义词反义词More words with “-ior”?More words with “-ior”?interior, prior, superior, inferior, junior, seniinterior, prior, superior, inferior, junior, senioror

KeyKey

You must not judge people by their exteriors.You must not judge people by their exteriors.

4. substitute (L41) v.v. replace (with) replace (with)

TranslationTranslation我们这把破损的椅子得换个新的。我们这把破损的椅子得换个新的。你代我去开会好吗？你代我去开会好吗？

KeyKey

We must substitute a new chair for the broken We must substitute a new chair for the broken

one.one.

Can you substitute for me at the meeting?Can you substitute for me at the meeting?

4. substitute (L41) nn. a person or thing acting or used in place of aa person or thing acting or used in place of a

nother nother

Use itUse it

When do you have a substitute teacher?When do you have a substitute teacher?

Can telephone be substitute for e-mail as a way of Can telephone be substitute for e-mail as a way of

communication? Why or why not?communication? Why or why not?

TipsTips

I think so because …I think so because …

I don’t think so because …I don’t think so because …

even/mild/sweeteven/mild/sweet

hot/quick/shorthot/quick/short

moodymoody

goodgood

bad/illbad/ill

-tempered-tempered

性情平和性情平和 // 温和温和 // 温柔的温柔的脾气急噪的脾气急噪的喜怒无常的喜怒无常的好脾气的好脾气的坏脾气的坏脾气的

5. -tempered (L48) aa.. having the specified type of temper having the specified type of temper CollocationCollocation

Other phrases

6. cut down (L49) reduce, make less in number or amountreduce, make less in number or amount

TranslationTranslation如果不能完全戒烟，至少要少抽点。如果不能完全戒烟，至少要少抽点。

KeyKey

If you can’t give up smoking

completely, at least try to cut down.

Matching GameMatching Game

1.1. cut backcut back

2.2. cut offcut off

3.3. cut downcut down

4.4. cut awaycut away

5.5. cut outcut out

6.6. cut acrosscut across

A.A. take a short cut acrosstake a short cut across

B.B. omitomit

C.C. stop while in conversationstop while in conversation

D.D. remove or shaping by cuttingremove or shaping by cutting

E.E. reduce the length of sth.reduce the length of sth.

F.F. return quicklyreturn quickly

Practice

FF

CC

EE

DD

AA

BB

1. He ________ through the woods to where he had been standing before.

2. You’d better _________ the last paragraph of your article in order to make it short.

3. The operator ____ me ____ before I had a chance to talk to him.

4. We may as well __________ the playground. We have kept him waiting for half an hour.

Fill in the blanks with “cut” phrases

cut back

cut out

cut off

cut across

AssignmentsAssignments

• Review Section A• Finish the post-text exercises to Section

A• Write an essay on the following topic:

How to Lighten Stress

overwhelm (L1) vt.vt. if sb. is overwhelmed by an emotion① if sb. is overwhelmed by an emotion① （（ grief,grief,

excitement, etc. excitement, etc. ）） , they feel it so strongly that t, they feel it so strongly that they cannot think clearlyhey cannot think clearly

TranslationTranslation一股强烈的的卑微感突然袭上他的心头。。TranslationTranslation听到儿子在事故中丧生的消息，他悲痛欲绝。。

KeyKey

He was overwhelmed with grief at the news of his son’s death in accident.

KeyKey

He was suddenly overwhelmed by a strong feeling of his insignificance.

overwhelm vt.vt. defeat② defeat②

TranslationTranslation他们被敌军击败了。。

KeyKey

They were overwhelmed by the enemy.

好争吵的好争吵的成为负担的成为负担的烦人的烦人的孤单的孤单的 More?

troublesome (L57)

a. causing trouble/anxiety/paincausing trouble/anxiety/pain

Word FormationWord Formation

n.n. + some = + some = a. liking to/causing or producinga. liking to/causing or producing

e.g.e.g.

quarrelsomequarrelsome

burdensomeburdensome

tiresometiresome

lonesomelonesome

stir (L34)

v. move in a round motion; ① move in a round motion; ① ② ② move slightly; move slightly;

③ ③ make active, excitemake active, excite

e.g.e.g.

1.1. Use a spoon to stir.Use a spoon to stir.

2.2. Not a breath of air stirred.Not a breath of air stirred.

3.3. The story stirred the boy’s imagination.The story stirred the boy’s imagination.

stir

n. action of stirring; great excitement, ① ② action of stirring; great excitement, ① ②shock or anger among peopleshock or anger among people

e.g.e.g.

1.1. Give the soup a stir.Give the soup a stir.

2.2. The news of the terrorist attacks in New York The news of the terrorist attacks in New York

caused quite a stir in the whole world.caused quite a stir in the whole world.

TranslationTranslation禽流感在一些国家引起恐慌。禽流感在一些国家引起恐慌。KeyKey

Bird flu has caused a stir in some Bird flu has caused a stir in some

countries .countries .