LIFE PROCESSES

NUTRITION

• How an organism obtains and processes food– The food is then used to make energy – Ingest-take food in– Digest-break down food– Egest-get rid of undigested material

• Autotrophic Nutrition– Organism makes its own food

• Ex. A plant, carrying out photosynthesis

• Heterotrophic Nutrition– Organism is a consumer and “eats” other organisms

• Ex. All animals, fungi, amoeba and paramecium

TRANSPORT

• Absorption (materials are taken in) and circulation (materials move around) of materials within an organism– Can be inside a cell or inside the body– Materials such as

• Oxygen• Water• Carbon Dioxide• Food

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• Chemical process by which an organism obtains ENERGY (ATP) from food

• Aerobic Respiration– Uses oxygen to release energy from food

• Anaerobic Respiration– Does NOT use oxygen to release energy from

food

SYNTHESIS

• Chemically combining simple substances to form a more complex substance.– Ex. Simple sugars bond to form complex

sugars.

REGULATION

• Control and coordination of activities in the body.– The Brain – The Nervous System and Endocrine Systems

help maintain

EXCRETION

• Getting rid of metabolic wastes – Ex. Carbon dioxide, excess salts and water

GROWTH & REPRODUCTION

• Growth– To increase in cell size or number of cells

• Reproduction– Making new organisms

• Asexually: 1 “parent”– Ex. Single celled organisms

• Sexually: 2 “parents”– Ex. Mammals, flowering plants

IMPORTANT NOTE: A single organism DOES NOT have to reproduce to survive!

METABOLISM

• All of the chemical reactions in an organism that help to maintain homeostasis.

ALL LIVING THINGS:

• Are made of cells• Evolve• Require ENERGY• Require water• Maintain homeostasis in a changing

environment• React and Respond to changes in the

environment• Get rid of metabolic wastes• Interact with the environment and with other

organisms