library network and consortia in india special …

LIBRARY NETWORK AND CONSORTIA IN INDIA SPECIAL

REFRENCE TO SHEKHAWATI AREA IN RAJASTHAN

Dr. Kumkum Rajawat Mrs. Nitu Gujran

Research Guide Research Scholar

Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur

ABSTRACT

When all-out efforts are being made to put India on the track of digital India, digitalization of

libraries is of paramount importance to keep abreast of the fast developing information

technology. Consortia is a kind of cooperation among libraries which come together to share

e-resources. Due to limited budget and rising the cost of e –resources library consortia are the

alternative source to tide over the financial constraints. This paper aims to explore the concept,

advantages, disadvantages, and overview of different types of consortia like UGC-INFONET,

FORSA, NLIST, CSIR, INDEST, HELINET, ERMED, DeLCON etc .and discusses them

briefly.

1. INTRODUCTION

Today’s world belongs to Information Communication Technology (ICT), without specific,

authentic and fast information retrieval; libraries can’t satisfy its clients. A consortium is such

hub of information which provides elaborated and updated electronics information to related

subjects. Using consortia easy to share electronic contents and enhance resource sharing system

and also improve others additional services in libraries, like Current awareness service (CAS),

Selective dissemination of information (SDI), indexing and abstracting services. Consortium

helps to associated libraries for achieving specific goals and builds better communication to

each-other. Consortium is Latin word which means Partnership, Cooperative Relationship

between Institutions and Organizations.

“Word Consortia comes from word ‘Consors’ which means (con- together) and (Sors - fate)”.

According to Collins Co-build Advanced Learning English Dictionary, (2006) “A consortium

is a group of people or firms who have agreed to co-operate with each other”[2] According to

Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, (1989) “A combination of financial

institutions, capitalists, etc., for carrying into effect some financial operation requiring large

Mukt Shabd Journal

Volume IX, Issue IX, SEPTEMBER/2020

ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 742

resources of capital. Especially in the field of Library, Consortia are very important tool and

source of information to help the growing research activities in related field. Consortia have

very important e-content association to help developing and create Digital Library, and provide

e-services for its clients.

The management and networking of library consortia based on e-content is more efficient than

print material on different parameters i.e. time efficiency in access, cost-efficiency,

consistency, durability, multi-user access and authorization etc.

2. Library Consortium

Library consortium is an information inter-change association formed by libraries for co-

operatives, networks, alignment, coalition, concomitant or partnership. Consortium can be

national, international, regional or inter-institutional level. Library consortia provide a

connection of common goals of libraries for the help of its client needs. In consortium, group

libraries can easily exchange their resources to other group’s libraries and use other library

resource to help its institutions client requirements. In library consortium, library’s members

share different types of resources i.e. e-content (e-books, e-journals, and other e-media),

catalogue, OPAC (Online Public Access Catalogue), and other library services. Library

consortium covers much larger ground than a simple inter-library loan agreement. There are

various definitions of library consortium as follows: According to Harrod’s librarians’ glossary

10th ed. “Resource sharing organizations formed by libraries; also termed co-operatives,

network, collectives, alliances, or partnership. Services covered may vary, but often comprise

co-operative collection development, education and training, preservation, centralized services,

systems support, consultation, and administrative support need for cataloguing, inter-library

lending, union listing, retrospective conversion, and co-operative purchasing. According to

ANE’s encyclopaedic dictionary of library and information science, “An association of

independent libraries or library systems established by formal agreement usually for the

purpose of resource sharing, Membership may be restricted to a specific geographic region,

type of library (public, academic and special), or subject specialization.

3. NETWORK DEVOLOPMENT IN INDIA

Some factors those are responsible for the development of library and information networks in

India are:

• The report of the working group of the planning commission on modernization of library

services and informatics for the seventh five year plan, 1985-90

• The National Policy on Library& Information systems document (1986) accepted by the

ministry of HRD, Government of India.

• The report on national policy on university libraries prepared by the Association of Indian

Universities (1987)

• The UGC report on information systems for science and technology under the Department of

Science & Industrial Research (DSIR) Government of India has been vigorously

promoting an integrated approach to library automation and networking.

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 743

4. LIMITATIONS IN NETWORK DEVOLOPMENT

A network may fail in the early stages if there is not proper planning or if adequate funds are

not available. Moreover, a common memorandum of agreement signed by the participating

libraries at the institutional level is essential for the success of a network venture. On a more

practical level, catalogue data must be in a standard, machine readable form for it to be shared

and exchanged. And, finally, a continuous flow of external assistance is crucial

for the network’s survival. Following the launching of DELNET and CALIBNET,

the library automation and networking movement in India is surely catching on. The

objectives, which are:

• Better utilization of funds through sharing of resources by creation of commonly usable data-

bases and communication between libraries.

• Automating the functions of individual libraries at a local level for effective and efficient

services to the users.

A number of benefits are being offered to member libraries of the particular networks. First,

one gets access to a very large volume of literature without increase in the library budget

because of the sharing of resources among the members. Secondly, the library budget can now

be diverted to acquire the most important (even if expensive) information required by an

institution, the other peripheral information being available on the network. Third, one gets

near real time access to about 1000 international databases apart from the electronic mail and

remote log in facilities.

There are plans of these networks to connect and share the resources in the near future.

Nevertheless, the growth of these networks is slow. It is taking a long time to create and

provide bibliographic databases of recognizable size, e.g., DELNET took already ten years

increasing bibliographic databases of reasonably good size. Without the databases neither

could networks be made effective to achieve the goals nor could resource sharing be effective.

Finally it appears that prospects are quite favourable for development of networks for better

information services and resource sharing in India. In this direction lot of work has to be done.

Some of the problems faced by other developing countries are common to India too, including

financial constraints, inadequate communication, non-availability of equipment’s, less

awareness of the value of information, reluctance to development and non-coordination of

various kind of activities, resource building, resource sharing and exchange of information and

ideas, non-standardization operational procedure, lack of dedication, motivation and

knowledge on the part of available manpower.

5. GENERAL NETWORKS IN INDIA

NICNET (www.mylibnet.org): National Information Centre Network

Sponsored by Planning Commission, Govt. of India.

Membership: Four national and regional nodes, 32 state and union territory nodes; seventy

cities and towns.

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 744

Services: Bulk file transfer; teleconferencing; full text and bibliographic retrieval services.

Application: ICMRNIC Centre; MEDLARS in India; Chemical Abstracts database.

INDONET: INDONET data Network

Sponsored by CMC Ltd (1986) = Informatics India Ltd (1989)

Membership: Commercial computer network

Services: Database services such as DIALOG, COMPUSERVE; IP; SHARP

Applications: ACME; file transfer; international gateway

I – NET (VIKRAM): I – NET

Sponsored by Dept. of Telecommunications, Govt. of India

Connectivity: Packet-switched public data network covering nine cities

Services: Information exchange through e-mail / FTP; Bibliographic databases.

6. CONSORTIA INITIATIVES IN INDIA

Some of consortia available in India are:

UGC-INFONET: The UGC INFONET digital library consortium was formally launched in

December, 2003. By honourable A.P.J Abdul Kalam, the President of India. The consortium

provides current as well as archival access to more than10500+ core and peer reviewed

journals. The consortium has also launched “Associate Membership programme” wherein

private universities and other research organizations are welcomed to join the consortium. As

of 2017,230 universities, 3000+colleges and 94 technology institutions are accessing resources

from the programme. More than 15000 e-journals and 3135000+e-books, 40 resources and 16

databases are available now.

N-LIST (National library and information services infrastructure for scholarly content): N-

LIST is jointly executed by the UGC-INFONET digital library consortium INFLIBNET centre

and the INDEST-AICTE consortium, IIT Delhi. N-LIST project provides access to e-resources

for students, researchers and faculty from colleges. In September, 2017 3016 govt/ govt aided

colleges and 1668 science colleges are accessing resources through N-LIST. More than 6000+

e-journals and 97,000 + e-books are available now.

INDEST-AICTE CONSORTIUM: Indian national digital library in engineering science $

technology is an initiative by Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) It was set

up in 2003 by an expert group appointed by the ministry under the chairmanship of Prof.. N.

Balakrishan. The INDEST-AICTE consortium has three types of members Core members

supported by MHRD, AICTE supported members (94) and self-supported members. The total

number of members in this consortium is now 1235.It provides access to selected electronic

journals and database to technical institutions including IIT and IISc, NITs, ISM, SLIET and

NERIST , IISERs and new IITs ,IIMs and IIT,IIITM and NITIE(8).

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 745

CSIR E-JOURNAL CONSORTIUM: The council of Scientific and Industrial Research was

established in 1942 and is India’s largest research and development (R&D) organization. CSIR

has a dynamic network of 38 national laboratories and three innovation complexes. SIR works

in the areas of engineering, biological, chemical, physics, environmental and information

science. The consortium started working in the year 2002 with the Elsevier science. Today

NKRC facilitates access to 5000+ e journals of all major publishers, patents, standards, citation

and bibliographic database. The consortium envisions emerging as a leader to serve the R&D

sector with much needed information to strengthen the research and development system in the

country.

FORSA CONSORTIUM: Forsa stands for Resource sharing in Astronomy and Astrophysics

which was established in July 29, 1981 at Raman Research Institute, Bangalore. At present

ARIES Bose institute, CASA-OU, HRI, IIA, IUCAA, NCRA (TIFR), PRL and SINP are the

institute members of FORSA. FORSA has become a member of ICOLC which has over 160

participants from across the world. In 2004, this group extended its membership to physics and

mathematics libraries in the country.

CeRA CONSORTIUM: CeRA consortium for e resources in agriculture was established in

November 2007 to facilitate accessibility of scientific journals to all researchers / teachers in

the national agricultural research system by providing access to info. Specially access to online

journals which is crucial to attain excellence in research &teaching.

ERMED CONSORTIUM: An electronic resource in medicine consortium is an initiative taken

by DGHS & MOHFW. Started in 2008, it has 70 state and centrally funded government

institutions (including AIMS) selected from 24 states as it members at present. It also

subscribes to 1500 current periodicals. It accesses 242 high quality on line e-journals from five

leading publishers.

HELNET CONSORTIUM: Health Science Library and Information Network was started by

Rajiv Gandhi University of health science in the state of Karnataka in 2002. RGHUS has access

to more than 7000+ online bibliographic database of PG dissertations, 6500 digitized UG and

PG courses.

DELCON CONSORTIUM: DBT e-library consortium (Delcon) has been operational since

January 2009. Delcon currently includes 16 DBT institutions including ICGEB, NER

institutions, BIRAC etc. 1171 journals and a database named SCOPUS are covered under

Delcon.

7. SPECIALIZED NETWORKS IN INDIA

METROPOLITAN NETWORKS

CALIBNET: Calcutta Libraries Network

Sponsored by NISSAT – Govt. of India

Applications: Cataloguing; serials control; acquisitions; circulation

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 746

Services: CAS; SDI; union catalogue; partial database; editing and retrieval of records;

Global information; search; full-text document delivery; library automation; CALIBNET

INFO Services

BONET: Bombay Library Network

Sponsored by NISSAT & NCST (1994)

Objective: To promote cooperation among libraries in Bombay

Services: online catalogue; online document delivery; IRS; interlibrary loan; dissemination of

information

DELNET : Developing Library Network

Sponsored by NISSAT & NIC (1988)

Objective: To promote resource sharing; develop a network of libraries; collect, store,

disseminate information

Members: 165 Institutions, 600 Libraries, 15 States in India, 5 from outside India

Services: resource sharing; free Software; ICE online facility; books database; thesis

Database; Indian specialists; database.

ADINET : Ahmadabad Library Network

Sponsored by NISSAT, DSIR (1994) & INFLIBNET

Objective: To bring cooperation among its regional libraries; to develop databases; to

Integrate scientific and technical information systems

Members: nine libraries

Services: library automation; library holdings; database in progress.

MYLIBNET :Mysore Library Network

Sponsored by NISSAT (1994)

Objective: Developing software tools; conducting seminar; workshops/training programs;

conduct surveys

Host Site: CFTRI, Mysore

Members: 116 Institutions

Services: MYLIB Database; E-journals; food patents; CFTRI Library Bulletin; public services.

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 747

COUNTRYWIDE AREA NETWORK:

DESINET: Defence Science Information Network

Sponsored by DESIDOC, Delhi

Activity: Focus on scientific, research and defence communities.

ERNET: Educational and Research Network

Sponsored by Dept. of Electronics, Govt. of India; UNESCO (Financial assistance from

UNDP)

Members: eight institutions (5 IITs, IISc., National Centre for Software Technology – Bombay,

CCI wing of Dept. of Electronics)

Services: Communication services such as e-mail, file transfer, remote log on, database access,

bulletin board, etc.,

SIRNET: Scientific and Industrial Research Network

Sponsored by CSIR (Commissioned Agency- NCST, Bombay)

Members: 40 labs and R&D Institutions

Applications: scientific communication; leather technology; natural products; food technology;

medicinal Plants

VIDYANET: VIDYANET (Dedicated Communication Computer Net)

Sponsored by TATA Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay

Objectives: To provide rapid means of communications by linking computers at various

institutions in India to similar networks outside the country; to stimulate corporate research,

the day-to-day exchange of research information and the execution of joint projects and

publications

Services: File transfer facility; sharing of computer resources and access to remote applications,

databases, libraries, etc.

BTISNET : BTISNET (Specialized Information Network)

Sponsored by Dept. Of Biotechnology, Govt. of India.

Connectivity: 10 Specialized Information Centres in genetic engineering, plant tissue.

Culture; photosynthesis and plant molecular biology; cell transformation; bioprocess

engineering.

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 748

Services: Data processing using applications software; online communication access; facsimile

facility.

INFLIBNET: Information Library Network Sponsored by UGC (1991)

Connectivity: computer communication network of universities and R&D; libraries and

bibliographic information centres throughout the country.

Members: 200 Universities; 400 College libraries; 200 R&D libraries

Services: catalogue service; database Services; document supply services; e-mail; BBS: Audio

and video conferencing, etc.

BALNET: Bangalore Library Network

Sponsored by JRD; Tata Memorial Library (1995)

Members: 100 Libraries

MALIBNET: Madras Library Network

Sponsored by INSDOC & NISSAT (1993)

Members: 15 Libraries

Activity: Two important databases, a directory database of current serials in Madras and a

contents database covering articles published in 300 journals available in Madras libraries.

During the recent period, quite a large number of libraries and information centres are

forming networks. The advent of computer networking as an accepted part of the library and

information infrastructure has had a very significant impact on how library and information

systems are perceived. India is thus on the threshold to a new era of computer communication

networks both for general purposes and for library and information purposes.

8. MEMBER OF LIBRARY CONSORTIA IN ENGINEERING COLLEGE LIBRARY

OF SHEKHAWATI AREA IN RAJASTHAN

S.No. Name of the

Engineering College

Responses

1. CSIR, CEERI CSIR consortia

2. SET, Laxmangarh IIT consortia

INFLIBNET consortia

INDEST consortia

3. BIET, Sikar ---

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 749

4. SEC, Sikar ---

5. PITS, Sikar ---

6. BKBIET, Pilani ---

7. JJTU, Chudela INFLIBNET consortia

8. BITS, Pilani CSIR consortia

All the librarians were asked whether their library is a member of any consortium it consortia

indest consortia then the responses we received were very less CSIR-CEERI responded CSIR

consortia School of Engineering & Technology, Laxmangarh responds IIT consortia, Inflibnet

consortia, INDEST consortia and Institute of Engineering JJTU Chudela responded Inflibnet

consortia

Created Opac In Engineering College Library of Shekhawati Area In Rajasthan

Figure: Created OPAC in Engineering College Library

S.No. OPTION NO.OF USERS %

01 Yes 335 -

02 No 42 -

Total 377 100%

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 750

Out of 377 responses-:

When the college faculty and students were asked whether they have created OPAC, 88.9%

responded no, 11.1% responded yes.

LIBRARY NETWORK USED IN ENGINEERING COLLEGE LIBRARY OF

SHEKHAWATI AREA IN RAJASTHAN

S.No. Name of the Engineering College Responses

1. CSIR, CEERI ----

2. SET, Laxmangarh DELNET

3. BIET, Sikar DELNET

4. SEC, Sikar DELNET

5. PITS, Sikar ----

6. BKBIET, Pilani ----

7. JJTU, Chudela DELNET

8. BITS, Pilani DELNET

All the librarians were asked whether their library is a member of any library network

or not then we received few responses and the most common response was Delnet.

Library is a member of the library network


01. Inflibnet 08 9.9%

02. Calibne 03 3.7%

03. Delnet 29 35.8%

04. bonet 09 11.1%

05. Adinet 08 9.9%

06. punenet 04 4.9%

07. Don 05 6.2%

08. None of the above 16 19.8%

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 751

Figure: Library is a member of the library network

Out of 82 responses -;

9.9% responded Inflibnet, 3.7% responded Calibnet, 35.8% responded Delnet, 11.1%

responded bonet, 9.9% responded Adinet, 4.9% responded punenet, 6.2% responded Don, and

19.8% responded none of the above.

Services of Delnet and any other Library networks used in Engineering College Library

of Shekhawati Area in Rajasthan

S.No. Name of the Engineering College Responses

1. CSIR, CEERI No

2. SET, Laxmangarh Yes

3. BIET, Sikar Yes

4. SEC, Sikar Yes

5. PITS, Sikar Yes

6. BKBIET, Pilani No

7. JJTU, Chudela Yes

8. BITS, Pilani No

All the college librarians were asked whether they are availing services of DELNET or

any other library networks, 3 out of 8 answered No and rest responded Yes that means most of

the libraries are availing services of DELNET or any other library networks.

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 752

Library is member of library consortia: SHEKHAWATI AREA IN RAJASTHAN

Figure: Library is member of library consortia: Shekhawati Area in Rajasthan

Out of 121 responses -:

44.6% responded IIT consortia, 3.35% responded CSIR consortia, 5.8% responded Inflibnet

consortia, 6.6% responded INDEST consortia, 39.7% responded none of the above.

SERVICES OF ANY OTHER LIBRARY NETWORKS USED IN ENGINEERING

COLLEGE LIBRARY OF SHEKHAWATI AREA IN RAJASTHAN. Networking:

Novell, Window NT, UNIX, LINEX:


01. IIT consortia 54 44.6%

02. CSIR consortia 04 3.3%

03. Inflibnet consortia 07 5.8%

04. INDEST consortia 08 6.6%

05. None of above 48 39.7%

S.No.

OPTION NO.OF USERS %

01 Window NT 01 7.1%

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 753

Figure: Networking: Novell, Window NT, UNIX, LINEX:

Out of 14 responses:-

7.1% use Windows NT.

21.4% use LINEX.

7.1% use Linux.

7.1% use UNIX.

21.4% use Windows.

9. LIBRARY CONSORTIA IN INDIA

Informatics India with initiation from three different educational institutes has successfully

developed three consortium models. These are SNDT University consortia of Library and

Information Science Abstracts (LISA) with other six universities, Secondly Forum for

Resource Sharing in Astronomy and Astrophysics [FORSA] consortia of Kluwer E-journal

consortia program with five institutes and finally IIMs consortia of 33 Kluwer journals in

management sciences

02 LINEX 03 21.4%

03 Linex 01 7.1%

04 UNIX 04 28.6%

05 Window NT 01 7.1%

06 Widow NT 01 7.1%

07 Windows 03 21.4%

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 754

The “Indian National Digital Library in Engineering Sciences and Technology

(INDEST) Consortium” was set-up in 2003 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development

(MHRD) on the recommendation of an Expert Group appointed by the Ministry under the

chairmanship of Prof. N. Balakrishnan, IISc, Bangalore. 45 centrally-funded Government

institutions including IITs, IISc Bangalore, NITs and few other institutions are core members

of the INDEST Consortium. The Ministry provides funds required for providing access to

electronic resources to the core members through the consortium headquarters set-up at the IIT

Delhi.

The INDEST Consortium is the most ambitious initiative taken so far in the country.

The benefit of consortia-based subscription to electronic resources is not confined to 38 major

technological institutions in the country but also extended to all educational institutions under

its open-ended proposition. 60 Govt. / Govt.-aided engineering colleges are provided access to

selected electronic resources with financial support from the AICTE. More than 775

engineering colleges and institutions have already joined the consortium under its “self-

supported” category. The INDEST Consortium is a member of the International Coalition of

Library Consortia (ICOLC).

The total number of members in the Consortium has grown to 820. The INDEST

Consortium, based onthe sheer strength of the number of institutions has attracted the best

possible price and terms of the agreement from the publishers. The Consortium subscribes to

over 20,731 electronic journals from several publishers and aggregators. The INDEST Web

Site hosts a search and browses interface to locate these journals and their URLs.

How does consortium operate?

The Consortium operates through its headquarters set-up at the IIT Delhi under the National

Steering Committee consisting of members from amongst beneficiary institutions under the

Chairmanship of Director, IIT Delhi with Chairman, AICTE as its co-chair. A National Review

Committee has also been set-up under the Chairmanship of Shri Ravi Mathur, Joint Secretary

(Technical Education) with overall responsibility for making policies, monitoring the progress

and coordinating with UGC and AICTE for promoting the activities of the INDEST

Consortium.

The Consortium Headquarters manages subscription to electronic resources for 38

centrally-funded institutions and 60 Government / Government-aided institutions through

funding are provided by the MHRD and AICTE respectively. The Consortium, being an open-

ended proposition, welcomes other educational institutions in the country to join and obtain

maximum benefits it offers through highly discounted subscription rates and better terms of

agreement with the publishers. Join the Consortium to be a member of its expanding family

and get the benefit equitably available to all its members.

Subscription rates of electronic resources offered through the INDEST Consortium are

given on page 16. Educational institutions may select one or more electronic resources that

they wish to subscribe through the Consortium. All electronic resources being subscribed are

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 755

available from the publisher’s Website. Local hosting of resources is being considered for a

few selected resources.

10. MERITS OF CONSORTIA

The Consortium offers the best possible price advantage ranging from 22% to 92% (Average

> 80% +) through its pricing agreements with publishers as well as terms of agreement for

various electronic resources. Moreover, the consortium also provides technical help and

arranges for in-house training for optimal use of subscribed e-resources.

It will also be an endeavor of the consortium to identify other electronic resources of relevance

to educational institutions and enable their access at best possible subscription prices and

license terms. The consortium will constantly be monitoring international developments in this

area and liaise with agencies like ICOLC to bring the best possible consortium-based solutions

to its members.

11. PROCEDURE TO JOIN

Fill in the Application Form given at the end of this brochure. Select the resources of your

choice. Pick up the Prorated rates as applicable. Send the form duly filled in along with the

demand draft in favor of “Registrar, IIT Delhi”. Mail the form along with draft to the Acting

Coordinator.

ABI / Inform is a world-renowned database of full-text journals on the business,

economy, and management providing comprehensive coverage on various micro as well as

macroeconomic aspects of various economies of the world. It covers nearly 4,000 journals in

business, management and social sciences with around 3,000 of them in full-text and remaining

1,000 at the abstract level with coverage dating back to 1923. Among new sources added to

ABI Inform includes EIU Newswire, Going Global Career Guides, 14,000 Dissertations.

Publications from world-famous publishers like Sage, Kluwer, Macmillan, Oxford University

Press, Wiley, Emerald, MIT Sloan, Springer, Blackwell, Taylor & Francis, etc.

12. CONCLUSION

Consortium provides physical and electronic delivery of library study materials. Consortium

covers much larger ground than the simple Inter Library Loan (ILL) agreement. Consortium is

important source for libraries and really helping the specific research activities by providing

relevant information with fast retrieval services for clients as well as save the time under limited

budget. Consortium is effective tools of to access latest information and archival backup or

perpetual access to e-resources. After review different library consortium system activities and

digital library tools following characteristic are desired in standard consortium e.g. that should

be time efficient, budget friendly, ability of remote accessibility, and simple search based

strategy systems.

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 756

REFRENCES

1. www.inflibnet.ac.in/index.jsp

2. www.btisnet.nic.in

3. www.mylibnet.org

4. delnet.nic.in

5. http://www.alibnet.org

6. Hirshon A, Libraries, Consortia and change management, Journal of Academic

Librarianship. 25(2)(1999) pp. 124-126

7. Chartron .G, Electronic resource and documentary Consortia –a survey of French

Scientific institutions Journal of Librarianship and Information Science. 33(2) (2001)

85-97.

8. Burke R, Library consortia and the future of academic libraries (2010) Available at:

9. Kalita, Hira, Medical Library Consortium and its Importance in Present Time : A Study.

Knowledge Librarian 4 (2) (2015) pp. 116-128

10. http://www.en.wikipeida.org/wiki.Consortium.

11. Oxford Advanced Learners English Dictionary P.250.

12. Janakiraman, S. ‘Thoughts on Library Consortium’ Proceedings of the Round Table

on

13. Sharing of E-journals through Consortia in Indian Libraries, Bangalore. November, 28-

29.(2002) P.23-35.

Mukt Shabd Journal


ISSN NO : 2347-3150

Page No : 757

http://www.inflibnet.ac.in/index.jsp

http://www.btisnet.nic.in/

http://www.mylibnet.org/

library network and consortia in india special …

Documents