let’s review government!!!!. national government established in article i of the constitution...
TRANSCRIPT
Let’s ReviewGOVERNMENT!!!!
National Government
•Established in Article I of the Constitution
•Lawmaking body = CONGRESS
Legislative Branch
•Established by Article II of the Constitution
•Enforces laws = PRESIDENT
Executive Branch
•Established in Article III of the Constitution
•Interprets the law = SUPREME COURT
Judicial Branch
Legislative Branch
Congress•National•Pass bills into law•2/3 can propose a Constitutional
Amendment
General Assembly•State•Make statutes•¾ of state legislatures can ratify a
Constitutional Amendment
City Council•Local/city•Make ordinances
Powers
Expressed/Enumerated/Delegated Powers*Given to national
governmentCoin MoneyDeclare War
Establish an army/navy
Reserved Powers* Given to state
governmentsConduct ElectionsEstablish Schools
Congress
• National lawmaking body• Representation is based on population– Count taken every 10 years (CENSUS)– Redistricting, or redrawing of Congressional lines, is
done after the census to be sure people are represented fairly• Gerrymandering is the unfair and illegal redistricting
• The Speaker of the House will become President if the President and VP are unable to fulfill duties
Limits on Congress
• Can not pass ex post facto laws– Making an action illegal after the fact
• Can not pass bills of attainder– Punishing a person without a trial
• Can not suspend the writ of habeas corpus– Holding a person without informing them of the
charges against them
How Congress makes a Bill into a LAW
Only members of Congress can propose a bill
Bill is sent to a committee to be
examined. If the committees
chairperson doesn’t like it
they could ignore it, or
pigeonhole it!
The bill goes to the floor for debate and a
vote
If the bill passes with a majority
vote, it will travel to the other house
The bill must pass both houses in
identical form or it must go to a
conference committee to work out the differences
Both houses revote and if it
passes it goes to the President
The President can sign the bill into law, veto it,
or ignore it while Congress is out of session
and call it a pocket veto
Executive Branch
President•national•Enforces national laws•Vice President, cabinet, and executive
agencies
Governor•State•Enforces state statutes•Lt. Governor, cabinet, and Council of
State
Mayor and City Manager•local•Enforce local ordinances•Mayor is elected•City Manager is hired
President
• Elected by the Electoral College– Must win 270 electoral votes to win– Each state has the same number of electoral votes
as members of Congress– If no one wins 270 electoral votes, the House of
representatives will choose the President• Appoints federal judges with the approval of
the senate
FBI
• Part of the executive branch because they enforce federal laws
• They investigate federal crimes such as counterfeiting, espionage, and kidnapping
• Have the largest jurisdiction, but the smallest number of law enforcement officials
State Executive Branch
• Headed by the governor– Holds line item veto power (can strike a part of a
law they don’t like and sign rest into law!)• Governor is helped by the LT. Governor (runs
on a separate ticket)• Appoints a cabinet to help them• An elected Council of State also helps– Department heads of 8 executive agencies that
are elected by citizens
Local Executive Branch
• Mayor is the elected city executive– Role is largely ceremonial
• City manager is the hired city executive– Hired by the city council to run the day to day
operations and administrative aspects of the city• Sheriff is elected and is part of the county
executive branch– Enforces laws in the county, outside of city limits– Runs the county jail
Federal Court Jurisdiction
US Supreme Court
US Court of Appeals
UD District Court
National Judicial Branch
• Supreme Court has the power of judicial review
– The authority of the court to declare a law or action to be unconstitutional
– Established by the court case of Marbury v. Madison• Cases are called to the Supreme Court by a writ
of certiatori• Primarily hears cases involving things such as
espionage, counterfeiting, or kidnapping
State Court Jurisdiction
NC State Supreme Court
NC Court of Appeals
NC Superior Court
NC District Court
State Judicial Branch
• Most cases are heard in state court• Magistrates will hear most traffic cases and
issue most warrants
What do YOU KNOW?
1. What are powers given to the national government called?
2. What is the power of line item veto? Who has it?
3. What is judicial review? What case established it?
4. Who hears most court cases?5. How is the President elected?
Let’s see how much YOU KNOW…
1. Enumerated/ Expressed/ Delegated2. Ability to strike out a portion of a law that they
do not like and sign the rest into law/ the power rests with the governor
3. Authority of Supreme court to declare a law or action to be unconstitutional/ Marbury v. Madison established judicial review
4. State courts5. Electoral College
Are you going to get a 3?
6. Who are the three lawmaking bodies?7. Which branch of government is the FBI part
of? Which level of government?8. Who hears most traffic cases and issues most
warrants?9. What calls a case to the Supreme Court?10.Who is the elected executive of a city?
Let’s see……
6. Congress, General Assembly, and city council7. Executive branch/ federal level8. Magistrates9. Writ of certiatori10. mayor
Or Will You get a 4?
11. What is the purpose of a conference committee?
12. What is a writ of habeas corpus?13.What are state laws called? What are local
laws called?14.Which article of the Constitution established
the Executive Branch?15.What is conducting elections an example of?
Hopefully….
11.Work out a compromise on a proposed bill12.Says that a person must be brought to court
and told the charges that they are being held on
13.Statute/ ordinance14.Article II15.Reserved powers